Mechanical gear shifting mechanism with multi-gear switching function and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission control, in particular to a mechanical gear shifting mechanism with a multi-gear switching function and a control method thereof.The mechanical gear shifting mechanism comprises a main body frame, a rotary shifting block assembly is arranged on the main body frame, and a shifting fork linkage assembly is arranged on the rotary shifting block assembly; a positioning assembly is arranged in the shifting fork linkage assembly, and a power output assembly is arranged on the shifting fork linkage assembly. The rotary shifting block assembly is arranged, the shifting block body is of an asymmetric multi-curved-surface structure, and a high-gear curved-surface groove, a first neutral-gear curved-surface groove, a low-gear curved-surface groove, a second neutral-gear curved-surface groove, a middle-gear curved-surface groove and a third neutral-gear curved-surface groove form a composite guide groove, so that a user is allowed to complete multi-gear switching in single rotation operation; an efficient and flexible power transmission and guide mechanism is provided for gear shifting operation, the convenience of gear shifting operation is greatly improved, and the gear shifting process is smoother and more natural.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transmission control, and in particular to a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A tractor is a self-propelled power machine used to pull or drive various farm implements for agricultural operations such as plowing, sowing, and harvesting, and can be adapted to other equipment for transportation, engineering and other scenarios.

[0003] However, when shifting gears, the gear shift mechanism of traditional tractors often needs to follow a series of complex steps and processes to complete the switching between multiple gears, which not only brings a large operating burden to users, but also easily causes uneven gear shifting and jamming. Secondly, the gear shift mechanism of traditional tractors lacks an effective self-locking function, which leads to false operation after the gear shift is completed, which in turn has an adverse effect on the stability of the tractor's driving. In addition, the gear shift mechanism of traditional tractors is not accurate enough in the power transmission and separation links, and is prone to large impacts during the gear shifting process, which not only reduces the transmission efficiency of the engine power, but also makes it impossible for the tractor to obtain reliable and stable power support. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: it includes a main frame, a rotating dial head assembly is arranged on the main frame, a shift fork linkage assembly is arranged on the rotating dial head assembly, a positioning assembly is arranged in the shift fork linkage assembly, and a power output assembly is arranged on the shift fork linkage assembly.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary dial head assembly includes an end cover arranged on the main frame, a manipulation power transmission shaft is arranged in the middle of the end cover, a manipulation rocker arm is arranged at one end of the manipulation power transmission shaft, and a dial head body is arranged at the end of the manipulation power transmission shaft away from the manipulation rocker arm.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high-gear curved surface groove is provided on one side of the dial head body, a neutral gear curved surface groove 1 is provided on the dial head body at the bottom of the high-gear curved surface groove, a resisting curved surface groove is provided on the dial head body at the bottom of the neutral gear curved surface groove 1, a high-gear shift point 1 is provided at one end of the high-gear curved surface groove, a neutral gear shift point 1 is provided at the connection between the high-gear curved surface groove and the neutral gear curved surface groove 1, a mid-gear shift point 1 is provided in the middle of the neutral gear curved surface groove 1, a neutral gear shift point 2 is provided at the connection between the neutral gear curved surface groove 1 and the low-gear curved surface groove, and a low-gear shift point 1 is provided at one end of the low-gear curved surface groove.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a neutral gear curved surface groove 2 is provided on the shift head body on the side of the operating power transmission shaft away from the high gear curved surface groove, a middle gear curved surface groove is provided on the shift head body at the bottom of the neutral gear curved surface groove 2, a neutral gear curved surface groove 3 is provided on the shift head body at the bottom of the middle gear curved surface groove, a low gear shift point 2 is provided at one end of the neutral gear curved surface groove 2, a neutral gear shift point 3 is provided at the connection between the neutral gear curved surface groove 2 and the middle gear curved surface groove, a middle gear shift point 2 is provided in the middle of the middle gear curved surface groove, a neutral gear shift point 4 is provided at the connection between the middle gear curved surface groove and the neutral curved surface groove 3, and a high gear shift point 2 is provided at one end of the neutral curved surface groove 3.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shift fork linkage assembly includes a shift fork shaft arranged on a main frame, a first shift fork is sleeved on one side of the shift fork shaft, a first shift rod is arranged on the first shift fork, the first shift rod is connected to a shift head body, a second shift fork is sleeved on the side of the shift fork shaft away from the first shift fork, a second shift rod is arranged on the second shift fork, and the second shift rod is connected to the shift head body.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning assembly includes a neutral gear positioning groove one opened on one side of the shift fork shaft, a high gear positioning groove is opened on the shift fork shaft on one side of the neutral gear positioning groove one, a low gear positioning groove is opened on the shift fork shaft on the side of the neutral gear positioning groove away from the high gear positioning groove, an installation groove one is opened on the first shift fork, an open pin one is arranged in the installation groove one, a positioning spring one is arranged between the open pin one and the inner wall of the first shift fork, and a positioning steel ball one is arranged at one end of the open pin one.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a neutral gear positioning groove 2 is provided on the side of the fork shaft away from the first fork, a mid-gear positioning groove is provided on the fork shaft on the side of the neutral gear positioning groove 2, a mounting groove 2 is provided on the second fork, a cotter pin 2 is provided in the mounting groove 2, a positioning spring 2 is provided between the cotter pin 2 and the inner wall of the second fork, and a positioning steel ball 2 is provided at one end of the cotter pin 2.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power output assembly includes an output shaft arranged on a main frame, a high-speed gear is arranged on one side of the output shaft through a bearing, an engaging gear ring is arranged on the high-speed gear, a synchronizer hub is arranged on the output shaft on one side of the high-speed gear, a shift sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the synchronizer hub, the first shift fork is connected to the shift sleeve, a cone clutch is arranged on the shift sleeve, a low-speed gear is arranged on the output shaft of the synchronizer hub away from the high-speed gear through a bearing, and an engaging gear ring 2 is arranged on the low-speed gear.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mid-range gear is arranged on the output shaft of the low-range gear away from the synchronizer gear hub one through a bearing, and an engaging gear ring three is arranged on the mid-range gear, and a synchronizer gear hub two is arranged on the output shaft of the mid-range gear away from the low-range gear, a shift sleeve two is sleeved on the outer side of the synchronizer gear hub two, the second shift fork is connected to the shift sleeve two, and a cone clutch two is arranged on the shift sleeve two.

[0014] A control method for a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function, the control method comprising the following specific steps: S1. Initial start: The first gear lever is located at the second neutral shift point on the shift head body, and the second gear lever is located at the third neutral shift point on the shift head body. The low gear, middle gear and high gear on the output shaft receive the engine power transmitted from the input shaft and idle, while the output shaft remains stationary. S2, low gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm counterclockwise, the operating rocker arm transmits power to the shift head body through the operating power transmission shaft, thereby driving the shift head body to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear lever moves along the low gear curved groove to a low gear shift point, the first gear lever pushes the first shift fork and the shift sleeve 1 to move right, the cone clutch 1 on the shift sleeve 1 is meshed with the engagement gear ring 2 on the low gear gear, wherein when the first shift fork moves to the right, the positioning steel ball 1 and the cotter pin 1 are subjected to pressure and squeeze the positioning spring 1, thereby retracting into the installation groove 1, after the external force disappears, the positioning spring 1 releases elastic potential energy, pushes the cotter pin 1 and the positioning steel ball 1 to be stuck in the low gear positioning groove, realizes low gear self-locking, the low gear gear transmits power to the output shaft through the cone clutch 1 and the synchronizer gear hub 1, realizes the shift mechanism from neutral gear to low gear, and at the same time, the second gear lever moves along the neutral curved groove 2 to the low gear shift point 2, while the position of the second shift fork remains unchanged; S3, mid-gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm clockwise, the first gear lever moves along the low-gear curved groove to the neutral shift point 2, the first gear lever drives the first shift fork to move left, the first shift fork separates the cone clutch 1 from the engagement gear ring 2 through the shift sleeve 1, the positioning steel ball 1 withdraws from the low-gear positioning groove and re-enters the neutral positioning groove 1, at the same time, the second gear lever moves along the neutral curved groove 2 to the neutral shift point 3, the position of the second shift fork remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball 1, the neutral positioning groove 1 and the positioning steel ball 2, the neutral positioning groove 2 cooperate to realize the neutral two-way self-locking, continue to rotate the operating rocker arm clockwise, the second gear lever moves along the mid-gear curved groove to the mid-gear shift point 2, the second gear The rod pushes the second shift fork and the second shift sleeve to move leftward, and the second cone clutch on the second shift sleeve meshes with the engagement gear ring on the middle gear. When the second shift fork moves leftward, the second positioning steel ball and the second cotter pin are subjected to pressure and squeeze the second positioning spring, thereby retracting into the second installation groove. After the external force disappears, the second positioning spring releases elastic potential energy, pushes the second cotter pin and the second positioning steel ball to snap into the middle gear positioning groove, realizing the middle gear self-locking. The middle gear transmits power to the output shaft through the second cone clutch and the second synchronizer gear hub, realizing the shift mechanism from low gear to middle gear. At the same time, the first gear lever moves along the first neutral gear curved groove to a middle gear shift point, while the position of the first shift fork remains unchanged. S4, high gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm clockwise, the second gear lever moves along the middle gear curved groove to the fourth neutral shift point, the second gear lever drives the second shift fork to move to the right, the second shift fork separates the cone clutch 2 from the engagement gear ring 3 through the shift sleeve 2, the positioning steel ball 2 withdraws from the middle gear positioning groove and re-enters the neutral gear positioning groove 2, at the same time, the first gear lever moves along the neutral gear curved groove 1 to the first neutral shift point, the position of the first shift fork remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball 1, the neutral gear positioning groove 1 and the positioning steel ball 2, the neutral gear positioning groove 2 cooperate to realize the neutral two-way self-locking, continue to rotate the operating rocker arm clockwise, The first gear lever moves along the high-gear curved groove to a high-gear shift point, and the first gear lever pushes the first shift fork and the shift sleeve 1 to move left, and the cone clutch 1 on the shift sleeve 1 meshes with the engagement gear ring 1 on the high-gear gear. When the first shift fork moves to the left, the positioning steel ball 1 withdraws from the neutral positioning groove 1 and is inserted into the high-gear positioning groove to achieve high-gear self-locking. The high-gear gear transmits power to the output shaft through the cone clutch 1 and the synchronizer gear hub 1, so that the shift mechanism is shifted from the middle gear to the high gear. At the same time, the second gear lever moves along the neutral curved groove 3 to the high-gear shift point 2, and the position of the second shift fork remains unchanged.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a rotary shift head assembly and an operating rocker arm to facilitate the user to perform gear shifting operations. The operating power transmission shaft accurately transmits the rotational power of the operating rocker arm to the shift head body. Secondly, the shift head body adopts an asymmetric multi-curved surface structure. The high-gear curved surface groove, the neutral curved surface groove one, the low-gear curved surface groove, the neutral curved surface groove two, the middle-gear curved surface groove and the neutral curved surface groove three form a composite guide groove, allowing the user to complete multi-gear switching in a single rotation operation. When the high gear is engaged, clockwise rotation drive is implemented, and bidirectional self-locking positioning is achieved when the neutral gear is reset. Differential rotation angle control is adopted for switching between middle and low gears, which provides an efficient and flexible power transmission and guide mechanism for the gear shifting operation, greatly improves the convenience of the gear shifting operation, and makes the gear shifting process smoother and more natural.

[0016] 2. The present invention sets a shift fork linkage assembly, and the shift fork shaft provides a stable installation and sliding support for the first shift fork and the second shift fork, ensuring that the first shift fork and the second shift fork can stably move left and right to achieve the shifting action. Secondly, the first shift lever and the second shift lever are closely matched with the shift head body. When the shift head body rotates, the first shift lever and the second shift lever can accurately convert the rotational motion into linear motion along the composite guide groove, thereby efficiently driving the first shift fork and the second shift fork to shift gears, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the shifting action, and making the shifting process smooth and orderly.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides a positioning component so that the shift mechanism has an excellent self-locking function. By providing a neutral gear positioning groove 1, a high gear positioning groove, a low gear positioning groove, a neutral gear positioning groove 2 and a mid-gear positioning groove on the shift fork shaft, and cooperating with a positioning steel ball 1, a positioning spring 1, a cotter pin 1, a positioning steel ball 2, a positioning spring 2 and a cotter pin 2, accurate self-locking of each gear is achieved, stability after shifting is ensured, misoperation of the gear is effectively prevented, the reliability and safety of the shift mechanism during operation are improved, and the stability of the tractor's driving is guaranteed.

[0018] 4. The present invention realizes accurate transmission and separation of power under different gears by setting a power output assembly, and cleverly cooperating the high gear, the first engaging gear ring, the low gear, the second engaging gear ring, the middle gear, the third engaging gear ring, and the first cone clutch and the second cone clutch. Secondly, the combination of the first synchronizer gear hub, the second synchronizer gear hub, the first shift sleeve, and the second shift sleeve reduces the impact during gear shifting, making the gear shifting process smoother and softer, ensuring that the engine power can be efficiently and stably transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft, and providing reliable power support for the tractor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary dial head assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power output assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the low gear structure in the power output assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle gear in the power output assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of synchronizer gear hub 1 and synchronizer gear hub 2 in the power output assembly of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the high gear structure in the power output assembly of the present invention.

[0020] : Figure 1, main frame 1, rotary dial head assembly 2, end cover 21, operating power transmission shaft 22, operating rocker arm 23, dial head body 24, high gear curved groove 25, neutral gear curved groove one 26, low gear curved groove 27, high gear dial point one 28, neutral gear dial point one 29, neutral gear dial point two 210, middle gear dial point one 211, low gear dial point one 212, neutral gear curved groove two 213, middle gear curved groove 214, neutral gear curved groove three 215, low gear dial point two 216, neutral gear dial point three 217, neutral gear dial point four 218, middle gear dial point two 219, high gear dial point two 220, shift fork linkage assembly 3, shift fork shaft 31, first shift fork 32, first gear lever 33, second shift fork 34, second gear lever Rod 35, positioning assembly 4, neutral positioning groove 1 41, high gear positioning groove 42, low gear positioning groove 43, mounting groove 1 44, cotter pin 1 45, positioning spring 1 46, positioning steel ball 1 47, neutral positioning groove 2 48, mid-gear positioning groove 49, mounting groove 2 410, cotter pin 2 411, positioning spring 2 412, positioning steel ball 2 413, power output assembly 5, high gear 51, engaging ring gear 1 52, synchronizer gear hub 1 53, cone clutch 1 54, shift sleeve 1 55, low gear 56, engaging ring gear 2 57, mid-gear gear 58, engaging ring gear 3 59, synchronizer gear hub 2 510, cone clutch 2 511, shift sleeve 2 512, output shaft 513. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the present invention proposes a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function and a control method thereof, which includes a main frame 1, a rotary shift head assembly 2 is arranged on the main frame 1, a shift fork linkage assembly 3 is arranged on the rotary shift head assembly 2, a positioning assembly 4 is arranged in the shift fork linkage assembly 3, and a power output assembly 5 is arranged on the shift fork linkage assembly 3.

[0023] The rotary dial head assembly 2 includes an end cover 21 arranged on the main frame 1, and an operating power transmission shaft 22 is arranged in the middle of the end cover 21. The operating power transmission shaft 22 transmits the rotational power of the operating rocker arm 23 to the dial head body 24. An operating rocker arm 23 is arranged at one end of the operating power transmission shaft 22. The operating rocker arm 23 is for manual operation by an operator. Through the rotating action of the operator, manpower is converted into rotational power to provide power input for the gear shifting operation. The dial head body 24 is arranged at the end of the operating power transmission shaft 22 away from the operating rocker arm 23.

[0024] A high-gear curved surface groove 25 is provided on one side of the dial head body 24, a neutral-gear curved surface groove 26 is provided on the dial head body 24 at the bottom of the high-gear curved surface groove 25, a resisting curved surface groove is provided on the dial head body 24 at the bottom of the neutral-gear curved surface groove 26, a high-gear shifting point 28 is provided at one end of the high-gear curved surface groove 25, a neutral-gear shifting point 29 is provided at the connection between the high-gear curved surface groove 25 and the neutral-gear curved surface groove 26, a middle-gear shifting point 211 is provided in the middle of the neutral-gear curved surface groove 26, a neutral-gear shifting point 210 is provided at the connection between the neutral-gear curved surface groove 26 and the low-gear curved surface groove 27, and a low-gear shifting point 212 is provided at one end of the low-gear curved surface groove 27.

[0025] A second neutral curved groove 213 is provided on the dial head body 24 at the side of the operating power transmission shaft 22 away from the high-gear curved groove 25, a middle-gear curved groove 214 is provided on the dial head body 24 at the bottom of the second neutral curved groove 213, a third neutral curved groove 215 is provided on the dial head body 24 at the bottom of the middle-gear curved groove 214, a second low-gear shift point 216 is provided at one end of the second neutral curved groove 213, a third neutral shift point 217 is provided at the connection between the second neutral curved groove 213 and the middle-gear curved groove 214, and the middle-gear curved groove 214 is provided with a third neutral curved groove 215. A middle gear shift point 219 is provided in the middle part, a neutral gear shift point 418 is provided at the connection between the middle gear curved groove 214 and the neutral gear curved groove 3 215, a high gear shift point 220 is provided at one end of the neutral gear curved groove 3 215, and the shift head body 24 adopts an asymmetric multi-curved structure. The composite guide groove formed by the high gear curved groove 25, the neutral gear curved groove 1 26, the low gear curved groove 27, the neutral gear curved groove 213, the middle gear curved groove 214 and the neutral gear curved groove 3 215 allows multi-gear switching to be completed in a single rotation operation.

[0026] The shift fork linkage assembly 3 includes a shift fork shaft 31 arranged on the main frame 1, and the shift fork shaft 31 provides axial support for the installation and sliding of the first shift fork 32 and the second shift fork 34, so that the shift fork can move left and right thereon to achieve the shifting action. The first shift fork 32 is sleeved on one side of the shift fork shaft 31, and the first shift fork 32 is provided with a first shift lever 33, and the first shift lever 33 is connected to the shift head body 24. When the shift head body 24 rotates, the first shift lever 33 moves along the composite guide groove on the shift head body 24 to shift the shift head body 24 is converted into its own linear motion, thereby driving the first shift fork 32 to shift gears. A second shift fork 34 is sleeved on the side of the shift fork shaft 31 away from the first shift fork 32. A second shift lever 35 is provided on the second shift fork 34. The second shift lever 35 is connected to the shift head body 24. When the shift head body 24 rotates, the second shift lever 35 moves along the composite guide groove on the shift head body 24, converting the rotational motion of the shift head body 24 into its own linear motion, thereby driving the second shift fork 34 to shift gears.

[0027] The positioning assembly 4 includes a neutral gear positioning groove 41 provided on one side of the shift fork shaft 31, the neutral gear positioning groove 41 cooperates with a positioning steel ball 47 to realize self-locking of the first shift fork 32, and ensures stability after shifting; a high gear positioning groove 42 is provided on the shift fork shaft 31 on one side of the neutral gear positioning groove 41, the high gear positioning groove 42 cooperates with a positioning steel ball 47, when the shift mechanism is engaged in high gear, the positioning steel ball 47 snaps into the high gear positioning groove 42, realizes self-locking of high gear, and ensures the reliability of high gear operation; a low gear positioning groove 43 is provided on the shift fork shaft 31 on the side of the neutral gear positioning groove 41 away from the high gear positioning groove 42, the low gear positioning groove 43 cooperates with a positioning steel ball 47, when the shift mechanism is engaged in low gear, the positioning steel ball 47 snaps into the low gear positioning groove 43, realizes self-locking of low gear, and ensures the reliability of low gear operation; The shift fork 32 is provided with a mounting groove 44, in which a cotter pin 45 is arranged. The cotter pin 45 limits the positioning spring 46 to prevent the positioning spring 46 from deflecting during the extension and retraction process, and cooperates with the positioning steel ball 47 to transmit the elastic force of the positioning spring 46 to the positioning steel ball 47. A positioning spring 46 is arranged between the cotter pin 45 and the inner wall of the first shift fork 32. The positioning spring 46 provides elastic force for the positioning steel ball 47, so that the positioning steel ball 47 can be stuck in the corresponding positioning groove to realize the self-locking function after gear shifting. A positioning steel ball 47 is arranged at one end of the cotter pin 45. Under the action of the positioning spring 46, the positioning steel ball 47 cooperates with the corresponding positioning groove to realize the self-locking function after gear shifting, thereby ensuring the gear position stability of the shifting mechanism.

[0028] A neutral positioning groove 48 is provided on the side of the shift fork shaft 31 away from the first shift fork 32. The neutral positioning groove 48 cooperates with the positioning steel ball 413 to realize the self-locking of the second shift fork 34, ensuring the stability after the shifting. When the neutral gear is reset, the neutral positioning groove 41, the positioning steel ball 47, the neutral positioning groove 48, and the positioning steel ball 413 realize two-way self-locking. A middle gear positioning groove 49 is provided on the shift fork shaft 31 on one side of the neutral positioning groove 48. The middle gear positioning groove 49 cooperates with the positioning steel ball 413. When the shifting mechanism is engaged in the middle gear, the positioning steel ball 413 is inserted into the middle gear positioning groove 49 to realize the middle gear self-locking, ensuring the reliability of the middle gear operation. A mounting groove 410 is provided on the second shift fork 34, and a cotter pin 41 is arranged in the mounting groove 410. 1. The cotter pin 411 limits the positioning spring 412 to prevent the positioning spring 412 from deflecting during the extension and retraction process. At the same time, it cooperates with the positioning steel ball 413 to transfer the elastic force of the positioning spring 412 to the positioning steel ball 413. A positioning spring 412 is arranged between the cotter pin 411 and the inner wall of the second shift fork 34. The positioning spring 412 provides elastic force for the positioning steel ball 413, so that the positioning steel ball 413 can be stuck in the corresponding positioning groove to realize the self-locking function after gear shifting. A positioning steel ball 413 is arranged at one end of the cotter pin 411. Under the action of the positioning spring 412, the positioning steel ball 413 cooperates with the corresponding positioning groove to realize the self-locking function after gear shifting, thereby ensuring the gear stability of the shifting mechanism.

[0029] The power output assembly 5 includes an output shaft 513 arranged on the main frame 1, and the output shaft 513 provides an installation foundation for other components in the power output assembly 5. A high-speed gear 51 is arranged on one side of the output shaft 513 through a bearing, and an engaging gear ring 52 is arranged on the high-speed gear 51. The engaging gear ring 52 cooperates with a cone clutch 54 to achieve the meshing and separation of the high-speed gear 51 and the cone clutch 54. When the shift mechanism is engaged in high gear, the cone clutch 54 meshes with the engaging gear ring 52, and the high-speed gear 51 is connected to the synchronizer gear hub 53 through the cone clutch 54 to transmit the power of the engine to the output shaft 513. A synchronizer gear hub 53 is arranged on the output shaft 513 on one side of the high-speed gear 51. During the gear shifting process, the synchronizer gear hub 53 can reduce the gear shifting shock and make the gear shifting process smoother. A shift sleeve 55 is sleeved on the outer side of the synchronizer gear hub 53, and the first shift fork 32 is connected to the shift sleeve 55. The shift sleeve 1 55 moves left and right under the drive of the first shift fork 32, driving the cone clutch 1 54 to engage with the engagement ring gear 1 52 of the high gear 51 or the engagement ring gear 2 57 of the low gear 56. The shift sleeve 1 55 is provided with a cone clutch 1 54, which cooperates with the engagement ring gear 1 52 of the high gear 51 or the engagement ring gear 2 57 of the low gear 56 to achieve power transmission and separation. The synchronizer gear hub 1 53 is away from the side of the high gear 51. A low gear 56 is provided on the output shaft 513 through a bearing, and an engaging ring gear 2 57 is provided on the low gear 56. The engaging ring gear 1 52 cooperates with the cone clutch 1 54 to achieve the engagement and separation of the low gear 56 and the cone clutch 1 54. When the shift mechanism is shifted into a low gear, the cone clutch 1 54 engages with the engaging ring gear 2 57, and the low gear 56 is connected to the synchronizer gear hub 1 53 through the cone clutch 1 54, so as to transmit the power of the engine to the output shaft 513.

[0030] A mid-range gear 58 is provided on the output shaft 513 on the side of the low-range gear 56 away from the synchronizer gear hub 1 53 through a bearing. The mid-range gear 58 is provided with a coupling gear ring 3 59. The coupling gear ring 3 59 cooperates with the cone clutch 2 511 to achieve the meshing and separation of the mid-range gear 58 and the cone clutch 2 511. When the shift mechanism is engaged in the mid-range, the cone clutch 2 511 meshes with the coupling gear ring 3 59, and the high-range gear 51 is connected to the synchronizer gear hub 2 510 through the cone clutch 2 511, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the output shaft 513. The mid-range gear 58 is away from the output shaft 513 on the side of the low-range gear 56. A synchronizer gear hub 2 510 is provided on it. During the gear shifting process, the synchronizer gear hub 2 510 can reduce the gear shifting impact and make the gear shifting process smoother. A shift sleeve 2 512 is sleeved on the outer side of the synchronizer gear hub 2 510. The second shift fork 34 is connected to the shift sleeve 2 512. The shift sleeve 2 512 moves under the drive of the second shift fork 34, driving the cone clutch 2 511 to engage or disengage with the engagement ring gear 3 59 of the middle gear 58. The shift sleeve 2 512 is provided with a cone clutch 2 511. The cone clutch 2 511 cooperates with the engagement ring gear 3 59 of the middle gear 58 to realize the transmission and separation of power.

[0031] A control method for a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function, the control method comprising the following specific steps: S1. Initial start: The first gear lever 33 is located at the neutral shift point 210 on the shift head body 24, the second gear lever 35 is located at the neutral shift point 3 217 on the shift head body 24, the low gear 56, the middle gear 58 and the high gear 51 on the output shaft 513 receive the engine power transmitted from the input shaft and idle, while the output shaft 513 remains stationary; S2, low gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm 23 counterclockwise, the operating rocker arm 23 transmits power to the shift head body 24 by operating the power transmission shaft 22, thereby driving the shift head body 24 to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear lever 33 moves along the low gear curved groove 27 to the low gear shift point 1 212, the first gear lever 33 pushes the first shift fork 32 and the shift sleeve 1 55 to move rightward, the cone clutch 1 54 on the shift sleeve 1 55 is meshed with the engagement gear ring 2 57 on the low gear gear 56, wherein when the first shift fork 32 moves to the right, the positioning steel ball 1 47, the opening The cotter pin 45 is subjected to pressure and squeezes the positioning spring 46, thereby retracting into the installation groove 44. After the external force disappears, the positioning spring 46 releases elastic potential energy, pushing the cotter pin 45 and the positioning steel ball 47 to be clamped into the low gear positioning groove 43, realizing low gear self-locking. The low gear gear 56 transmits power to the output shaft 513 through the cone clutch 54 and the synchronizer gear hub 53, realizing the shift mechanism from neutral gear to low gear. At the same time, the second gear lever 35 moves along the neutral curved groove 213 to the low gear shift point 216, and the position of the second shift fork 34 remains unchanged. S3, mid-gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm 23 clockwise, the first gear rod 33 moves along the low-gear curved groove 27 to the neutral shift point 210, the first gear rod 33 drives the first shift fork 32 to move left, the first shift fork 32 separates the cone clutch 1 54 from the engaging gear ring 2 57 through the shift sleeve 1 55, the positioning steel ball 1 47 withdraws from the low-gear positioning groove 43 and re-enters the neutral positioning groove 1 41, at the same time, the second gear rod 35 moves along the neutral curved groove 213 to the neutral shift point 3 217, the position of the second shift fork 34 remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball 1 47, the neutral positioning groove 1 41 and the positioning steel ball 2 413, the neutral positioning groove 2 48 cooperate to realize the neutral two-way self-locking, continue to rotate the operating rocker arm 23 clockwise, the second gear rod 35 moves along the mid-gear curved groove to the mid-gear shift point 219, the second gear rod 35 pushes The second shift fork 34 and the second shift sleeve 512 are driven to move leftward, and the cone clutch 511 on the second shift sleeve 512 is meshed with the engagement ring gear 3 59 on the middle gear 58. When the second shift fork 34 moves leftward, the positioning steel ball 413 and the second cotter pin 411 are subjected to pressure and squeeze the positioning spring 412, thereby retracting into the second installation groove 410. After the external force disappears, the positioning spring 412 releases elastic potential energy, pushes the second cotter pin 411 and the second positioning steel ball 413 to snap into the middle gear positioning groove 49, and realizes the middle gear self-locking. The middle gear 58 transmits power to the output shaft 513 through the cone clutch 511 and the second synchronizer gear hub 510, and realizes the shift mechanism from low gear to middle gear. At the same time, the first gear lever 33 moves along the neutral gear curved surface groove 26 to the middle gear shift point 211, and the position of the first shift fork 32 remains unchanged. S4, high gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm 23 clockwise, the second gear lever 35 moves along the middle gear curved groove 214 to the neutral shift point 4 218, the second gear lever 35 drives the second shift fork 34 to move rightward, the second shift fork 34 separates the cone clutch 2 511 from the engagement gear ring 3 59 through the shift sleeve 2 512, the positioning steel ball 2 413 withdraws from the middle gear positioning groove 49 and re-enters the neutral gear positioning groove 2 48, at the same time, the first gear lever 33 moves along the neutral gear curved groove 1 26 to the neutral shift point 1 29, the position of the first shift fork 32 remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball 1 47, the neutral gear positioning groove 1 41 cooperate with the positioning steel ball 2 413, the neutral gear positioning groove 2 48 to realize the neutral two-way self-locking, and the operating rocker arm 23 continues to rotate clockwise. , the first gear rod 33 moves along the high gear curved groove 25 to the high gear shift point 28, the first gear rod 33 pushes the first shift fork 32 and the shift sleeve 55 to move leftward, the cone clutch 54 on the shift sleeve 55 meshes with the engagement gear ring 52 on the high gear gear 51, wherein when the first shift fork 32 moves leftward, the positioning steel ball 47 withdraws from the neutral gear positioning groove 41 and then snaps into the high gear positioning groove 42, realizing high gear self-locking, the high gear 51 transmits power to the output shaft 513 through the cone clutch 54 and the synchronizer gear hub 53, realizing the shift mechanism from the middle gear to the high gear, and at the same time, the second gear rod 35 moves along the neutral gear curved groove three 215 to the high gear shift point two 220, and the position of the second shift fork 34 remains unchanged.

[0032] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function, comprising: A main frame (1), characterized in that: a rotary shift head assembly (2) is arranged on the main frame (1), a shift fork linkage assembly (3) is arranged on the rotary shift head assembly (2), a positioning assembly (4) is arranged inside the shift fork linkage assembly (3), and a power output assembly (5) is arranged on the shift fork linkage assembly (3); The rotary dial head assembly (2) comprises an end cover (21) arranged on the main frame (1), a manipulation power transmission shaft (22) is arranged in the middle of the end cover (21), a manipulation rocker arm (23) is arranged at one end of the manipulation power transmission shaft (22), and a dial head body (24) is arranged at one end of the manipulation power transmission shaft (22) away from the manipulation rocker arm (23); The shift fork linkage assembly (3) comprises a shift fork shaft (31) arranged on a main frame (1); a first shift fork (32) is sleeved on one side of the shift fork shaft (31); a first shift lever (33) is arranged on the first shift fork (32); the first shift lever (33) is connected to a shift head main body (24); a second shift fork (34) is sleeved on a side of the shift fork shaft (31) away from the first shift fork (32); a second shift lever (35) is arranged on the second shift fork (34); the second shift lever (35) is connected to the shift head main body (24).

2. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-gear curved surface groove (25) is provided on one side of the dial head body (24); a neutral-gear curved surface groove (26) is provided on the dial head body (24) at the bottom of the high-gear curved surface groove (25); a resisting curved surface groove is provided on the dial head body (24) at the bottom of the neutral-gear curved surface groove (26); a high-gear shift point (28) is provided at one end of the high-gear curved surface groove (25); a neutral-gear shift point (29) is provided at the connection between the high-gear curved surface groove (25) and the neutral-gear curved surface groove (26); a middle-gear shift point (211) is provided in the middle of the neutral-gear curved surface groove (26); a neutral-gear shift point (210) is provided at the connection between the neutral-gear curved surface groove (26) and the low-gear curved surface groove (27); and a low-gear shift point (212) is provided at one end of the low-gear curved surface groove (27).

3. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second neutral curved groove (213) is provided on the shift head body (24) at the side of the operating power transmission shaft (22) away from the high-gear curved groove (25); a middle-gear curved groove (214) is provided on the shift head body (24) at the bottom of the second neutral curved groove (213); a third neutral curved groove (215) is provided on the shift head body (24) at the bottom of the middle-gear curved groove (214); a low-gear curved groove (215) is provided at one end of the second neutral curved groove (213). A second shift point (216), a third shift point (217) is arranged at the connection between the second neutral curved groove (213) and the middle gear curved groove (214), a second middle gear shift point (219) is arranged in the middle of the middle gear curved groove (214), a fourth neutral gear shift point (218) is arranged at the connection between the middle gear curved groove (214) and the third neutral curved groove (215), and a second high gear shift point (220) is arranged at one end of the third neutral curved groove (215).

4. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (4) comprises a neutral gear positioning groove (41) formed on one side of the shift fork shaft (31), a high gear positioning groove (42) formed on the shift fork shaft (31) on one side of the neutral gear positioning groove (41), a low gear positioning groove (43) formed on the shift fork shaft (31) on a side of the neutral gear positioning groove (41) away from the high gear positioning groove (42), a mounting groove (44) formed on the first shift fork (32), a cotter pin (45) disposed in the mounting groove (44), a positioning spring (46) disposed between the cotter pin (45) and an inner wall of the first shift fork (32), and a positioning steel ball (47) disposed at one end of the cotter pin (45).

5. The mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second neutral positioning groove (48) is provided on the side of the shift fork shaft (31) away from the first shift fork (32), a middle gear positioning groove (49) is provided on the shift fork shaft (31) on the side of the second neutral positioning groove (48), a second mounting groove (410) is provided on the second shift fork (34), a second cotter pin (411) is provided in the second mounting groove (410), a second positioning spring (412) is provided between the second cotter pin (411) and the inner wall of the second shift fork (34), and a second positioning steel ball (413) is provided at one end of the second cotter pin (411).

6. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power output assembly (5) comprises an output shaft (513) arranged on the main frame (1); a high gear (51) is arranged on one side of the output shaft (513) via a bearing; a coupling ring gear (52) is arranged on the high gear (51); a synchronizer gear hub (53) is arranged on the output shaft (513) on one side of the high gear (51); a shift sleeve (55) is sleeved on the outer side of the synchronizer gear hub (53); the first shift fork (32) is connected to the shift sleeve (55); a cone clutch (54) is arranged on the shift sleeve (55); a low gear (56) is arranged on the output shaft (513) on the side of the synchronizer gear hub (53) away from the high gear (51) via a bearing; and a coupling ring gear (57) is arranged on the low gear (56).

7. A mechanical shift mechanism with multi-gear switching function according to claim 6, characterized in that: A middle gear (58) is arranged on the output shaft (513) of the low gear (56) at a side away from the synchronizer gear hub (53) via a bearing, and a third engaging gear ring (59) is arranged on the middle gear (58). A second synchronizer gear hub (510) is arranged on the output shaft (513) of the middle gear (58) at a side away from the low gear (56), and a second shift sleeve (512) is sleeved on the outer side of the second synchronizer gear hub (510). The second shift fork (34) is connected to the second shift sleeve (512), and a second cone clutch (511) is arranged on the second shift sleeve (512).

8. A control method for a mechanical shift mechanism with a multi-gear switching function, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following specific steps: S1. Initial start: the first gear lever (33) is located at the neutral shift point 2 (210) on the shift head body (24), the second gear lever (35) is located at the neutral shift point 3 (217) on the shift head body (24), the low gear (56), the middle gear (58) and the high gear (51) on the output shaft (513) receive the engine power transmitted from the input shaft and idle, while the output shaft (513) remains stationary; S2, low gear operation: the operating rocker arm (23) is rotated counterclockwise, the operating rocker arm (23) transmits power to the shift head body (24) through the operating power transmission shaft (22), thereby driving the shift head body (24) to rotate counterclockwise, the first gear lever (33) moves along the low gear curved groove (27) to the low gear shift point 1 (212), the first gear lever (33) pushes the first shift fork (32) and the shift sleeve 1 (55) to move rightward, the cone clutch 1 (54) on the shift sleeve 1 (55) meshes with the engagement ring gear 2 (57) on the low gear gear (56), wherein when the first shift fork (32) moves to the right, the positioning steel ball 1 (47) , the cotter pin (45) is subjected to pressure and squeezes the positioning spring (46), thereby retracting into the installation groove (44); after the external force disappears, the positioning spring (46) releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the cotter pin (45) and the positioning steel ball (47) to fit into the low gear positioning groove (43), thereby realizing low gear self-locking; the low gear gear (56) transmits power to the output shaft (513) through the cone clutch (54) and the synchronizer gear hub (53), thereby realizing the shift mechanism from neutral gear to low gear; at the same time, the second gear lever (35) moves along the neutral gear curved groove (213) to the low gear shift point (216), while the position of the second shift fork (34) remains unchanged; S3, mid-gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm (23) clockwise, the first gear lever (33) moves along the low-gear curved groove (27) to the neutral gear shift point 2 (210), the first gear lever (33) drives the first shift fork (32) to move leftward, the first shift fork (32) separates the cone clutch 1 (54) from the engagement gear ring 2 (57) through the shift sleeve 1 (55), and the positioning steel ball 1 (47) exits the low-gear positioning groove (43) and re-enters the neutral gear positioning groove 1 (41). At the same time, the second gear lever (35) moves along the neutral curved groove (213) to the neutral shift point (217), the position of the second shift fork (34) remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball (47), the neutral positioning groove (41) and the positioning steel ball (413), the neutral positioning groove (48) cooperate to achieve the neutral bidirectional self-locking, and the operating rocker arm (23) continues to rotate clockwise, the second gear lever (35) moves along the mid-gear curved groove to the mid-gear shift point (219), and the second gear lever (35) is in the neutral position. ) pushes the second shift fork (34) and the second shift sleeve (512) to move leftward, and the cone clutch (511) on the second shift sleeve (512) meshes with the engagement ring gear (59) on the middle gear (58). When the second shift fork (34) moves leftward, the second positioning steel ball (413) and the second cotter pin (411) are subjected to pressure and squeeze the second positioning spring (412), thereby retracting into the second installation groove (410). After the external force disappears, the second positioning spring (412) is released. The elastic potential energy is released to push the second cotter pin (411) and the second positioning steel ball (413) into the middle gear positioning groove (49), so as to realize the middle gear self-locking. The middle gear gear (58) transmits power to the output shaft (513) through the second cone clutch (511) and the second synchronizer gear hub (510), so as to realize the shift mechanism from low gear to middle gear. At the same time, the first gear lever (33) moves along the first neutral gear curved groove (26) to the first middle gear shift point (211), while the position of the first shift fork (32) remains unchanged. S4, high gear operation: rotate the operating rocker arm (23) clockwise, the second gear lever (35) moves along the middle gear curved groove (214) to the neutral gear shift point 4 (218), the second gear lever (35) drives the second shift fork (34) to move rightward, the second shift fork (34) separates the cone clutch 2 (511) from the engagement gear ring 3 (59) through the shift sleeve 2 (512), the positioning steel ball 2 (413) exits from the middle gear positioning groove (49) and re-enters the neutral gear positioning groove 2 (48), at the same time, the first gear lever (33) moves along the neutral gear curved groove 1 (26) to the neutral gear shift point 1 (29), the position of the first shift fork (32) remains unchanged, the positioning steel ball 1 (47), the neutral gear positioning groove 1 (41) cooperates with the positioning steel ball 2 (413), the neutral gear positioning groove 2 (48) to realize the neutral gear bidirectional self-locking, and the operating rocker arm (23) continues to rotate clockwise. The first gear lever (33) moves along the high gear curved groove (25) to the high gear shift point 1 (28), the first gear lever (33) pushes the first shift fork (32) and the shift sleeve 1 (55) to move leftward, the cone clutch 1 (54) on the shift sleeve 1 (55) meshes with the engagement ring gear 1 (52) on the high gear (51), wherein when the first shift fork (32) moves leftward, the positioning steel ball 1 (47) exits from the neutral gear positioning groove 1 (41) and then snaps into the high gear positioning groove (42), realizing high gear self-locking, the high gear (51) transmits power to the output shaft (513) through the cone clutch 1 (54) and the synchronizer gear hub 1 (53), realizing the shift mechanism from the middle gear to the high gear, and at the same time, the second gear lever (35) moves along the neutral gear curved groove 3 (215) to the high gear shift point 2 (220), while the position of the second shift fork (34) remains unchanged.

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