Water sample digester and water sample digestion method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly discloses a water sample digester and a water sample digestion method. The water sample digester comprises a shell, a reaction chamber, an ultraviolet lamp, an ultrasonic generator, a latticed titanium substrate inner sleeve, a temperature control system, a time controller and a switch, the shell is arranged outside the water sample digester; the reaction chamber is arranged in the shell, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the outer wall of the reaction chamber; the ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber; the ultrasonic generator is arranged at the top of the reaction chamber; the latticed titanium substrate inner sleeve is arranged in the reaction chamber; and the surface of the latticed titanium substrate inner sleeve is made of a nano titanium dioxide material. According to the invention, organic matters and inorganic matters in the water sample can be rapidly and thoroughly digested and detected, water quality parameters of the water sample can be rapidly and accurately detected, and powerful support is provided for environmental protection and water resource management. According to the method, chemical reagents and special equipment are not needed, so that environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the chemical reagents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular to a water sample digester and a water sample digestion method. Background Art

[0002] Water quality testing is one of the important tasks in the field of environmental protection and water resources management. By testing the chemical substances in the water body, we can understand the health status of the water body, evaluate the degree of pollution, and take necessary purification or treatment measures. This helps to protect the balance of human health and the ecological environment. Digestion is an indispensable step in the water quality testing process. The purpose of digestion is to destroy the organic and inorganic substances in the water sample so that the substances to be tested can be released, while improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the detection. The presence of organic matter often interferes with the accuracy of certain detection methods and also reduces the sensitivity of the detection. Therefore, digestion treatment is a crucial step in the water quality testing process. Existing chemical reagent digestion methods mainly include acid digestion, alkaline digestion and oxidant digestion. These methods all use corresponding chemical reagents to react chemically with organic and inorganic substances in the sample to achieve the purpose of digestion.

[0003] Acid digestion is one of the most commonly used digestion methods. Its principle is to use acid solution as a digester to decompose organic and inorganic substances in water samples into simple compounds. Specifically, acid digestion mainly involves the following chemical reactions: H + +RH→R*+H 2 O. Among them, H + is a proton (hydrogen ion), RH is an alkyl group (part of an organic compound), R* is a free radical (an atom or group with unpaired electrons), H 2 O is water. This reaction can be simplified as the reaction between acid and alcohol. Alkaline digestion is similar to acid digestion, but different reagents are used. The principle is to use alkaline solution to react with organic and inorganic substances in the water sample to achieve the purpose of digestion. The operation process is also slightly different. The oxidant digestion method uses strong oxidants such as potassium permanganate to undergo redox reactions with organic and inorganic substances in the water sample to achieve the purpose of digestion. This method has a good digestion effect, but the operation process is more complicated. The use of chemical reagents may introduce pollution and may have adverse effects on the environment and operators. Secondly, the digestion efficiency of these methods is not high, and they require high temperature and high pressure conditions for a long time. The operation is complicated and energy-intensive. In addition, the storage, transportation and use of chemical reagents also bring additional costs and safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a water sample digester and a water sample digestion method. This method does not require the use of chemical reagents, simplifies the operation process, improves work efficiency, and has a high digestion rate. It can quickly and thoroughly digest organic and inorganic substances in the detected water sample, so as to quickly and accurately detect the relevant water quality parameters of the water sample, providing strong support for environmental protection and water resource management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Therefore, the present invention provides a water sample digester and a water sample digestion method. This method does not require the use of chemical reagents, can quickly and thoroughly digest organic and inorganic substances in the detected water sample, so as to quickly and accurately detect the relevant water quality parameters of the water sample, providing strong support for environmental protection and water resource management.

[0006] The inventive concept of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The principle of the present invention is that electrons and holes are generated under the action of ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasonic waves by using nano-titanium dioxide materials. These electrons and holes react with water molecules to generate strong oxidants. Specifically, electrons and holes are generated under the action of ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasonic waves by nano-titanium dioxide materials. These electrons and holes have high energy and can react with water molecules to generate strong oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anions or singlet oxygen molecules. These strong oxidants can oxidize and decompose the substances to be detected in water to achieve the purpose of digestion.

[0008] The principle of the photo / acoustic catalysis of nano-titanium dioxide for the degradation of organic substances in water (taking organophosphorus and organonitrogen as examples) is specifically that electrons and holes are generated under the action of external irradiation and ultrasonic waves by nano-titanium dioxide. These electrons and holes have high energy and can react with water molecules to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide anions (·O 2 - ) or singlet oxygen molecules ( 1 O 2 ). This reaction can be represented by the following chemical reaction equation:

[0009] e - +O 2 →·O 2 - ;

[0010] O 2 +hv→ 1 O 2 ;

[0011] h + +H 2 O→·OH+H + ;

[0012] where e- and h + represent electrons and holes respectively.

[0013] These strong oxidants (·OH, ·O 2 - or 1 O 2 ) can react with organic matter (organic phosphorus and organic nitrogen) in water to decompose the organic matter into small molecules. For organic phosphorus, the oxidant can oxidize phosphorus atoms from organic phosphorus molecules to generate phosphate ions (PO 4 3- ) or phosphoric anhydride, while decomposing organic matter into small molecules. The reaction can be represented by the following chemical reaction equation:

[0014] RP-R'+·OH→RO·+R'O+H 2 O+PO 4 3- ;

[0015] Where R and R' represent organic groups, RO· and PO 4 3- represent organic free radicals and phosphate ions respectively.

[0016] For organic nitrogen, oxidants can oxidize nitrogen atoms from organic nitrogen molecules to generate nitrite ions (NO 2 - ) or nitrate ion (NO 3 - ), while breaking down organic matter into small molecules. This reaction can be represented by the following chemical reaction equation:

[0017] RN-R'+·OH→RO·+H 2 O+NO 2 - or NO 3 - ;

[0018] Where R and R' represent organic groups, RO· and NO 2 - or NO 3 - Represent organic free radicals and nitrite or nitrate ions respectively.

[0019] A first aspect of the present invention provides a water sample digester.

[0020] Specifically, it includes a shell, a reaction chamber, an ultraviolet lamp, an ultrasonic generator, a grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve, a temperature control system, a time controller, and a switch;

[0021] The shell is arranged outside the water sample digester;

[0022] The reaction chamber is arranged in the shell, and the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a water inlet interface and a water outlet interface;

[0023] The ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber;

[0024] The ultrasonic generator is arranged on the top of the reaction chamber;

[0025] The grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve is disposed inside the reaction chamber;

[0026] The surface of the mesh-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve is made of nano-titanium dioxide material.

[0027] Preferably, the water inlet interface is arranged above the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

[0028] Preferably, the water outlet interface is arranged below the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

[0029] Preferably, the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide material is 1 to 1000 nm.

[0030] More preferably, the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide material is 1 to 800 nm.

[0031] A second aspect of the present invention provides a water sample digestion method.

[0032] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0033] The water sample is introduced into the reaction chamber of the water sample digester through the water inlet interface, the ultraviolet lamp is turned on to irradiate the grid-shaped titanium base inner sleeve, and then the ultrasonic generator is turned on to oxidize and decompose the water sample. After the reaction is completed, the water sample is discharged through the water outlet interface to complete the water sample digestion.

[0034] Preferably, the intensity of the irradiation is 0.1 to 2 W / cm 2 .

[0035] More preferably, the intensity of the irradiation is 0.5 to 1.5 W / cm 2 .

[0036] More preferably, the intensity of the irradiation is 1 W / cm 2 .

[0037] Preferably, the irradiation time is 0.5 to 2 hours.

[0038] More preferably, the irradiation time is 0.75 to 2 hours.

[0039] More preferably, the irradiation time is 0.75 to 1 h.

[0040] Preferably, the output power of the ultrasonic generator is 30-90W.

[0041] Further preferably, the output power of the ultrasonic generator is 50-90W.

[0042] More preferably, the output power of the ultrasonic generator is 60-80W.

[0043] Preferably, the working time of the ultrasonic generator is 0.5 to 2 hours.

[0044] Further preferably, the working time of the ultrasonic generator is 0.5 to 2 hours.

[0045] More preferably, the working time of the ultrasonic generator is 0.5 to 2 hours.

[0046] Preferably, the wavelength of light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp is 200-400 nm.

[0047] Further preferably, the wavelength of light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp is 250-300 nm.

[0048] More preferably, the wavelength of light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp is 265 nm.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] The present invention can quickly and thoroughly digest and detect organic and inorganic substances in water samples, and can quickly and accurately detect relevant water quality parameters of water samples, providing strong support for environmental protection and water resource management. The present invention does not require the use of chemical reagents and special equipment, thereby avoiding the pollution of the environment and the waste of resources by chemical reagents. The present invention is simple to operate, does not require professional technicians, and can be mastered by general personnel after simple training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water sample digester according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the following embodiments are listed for illustration. It should be pointed out that the following embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A water sample digester and a water sample digestion method.

[0056] A water sample digester comprises a shell, a reaction chamber, an ultraviolet lamp, an ultrasonic generator, a grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve, a temperature control system, a time controller, and a switch.

[0057] The shell is arranged outside the water sample digester and is the external structure of the entire digester. It is made of opaque material to prevent leakage of ultraviolet light.

[0058] The reaction chamber is arranged in the shell. The reaction chamber is the core part inside the digester and is used to accommodate the water sample to be tested. The outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a water inlet interface and a water outlet interface. Among them, the water inlet interface is arranged at the upper position of the outer wall of the reaction chamber. The water outlet interface is arranged at the lower position of the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

[0059] The ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber; the ultraviolet lamp emits ultraviolet rays of a specific wavelength to trigger the generation of electrons and holes in the nano-titanium dioxide material.

[0060] The ultrasonic generator is arranged on the top of the reaction chamber, emitting high-energy ultrasonic waves to trigger the generation of electrons and holes in the nano-titanium dioxide material.

[0061] The grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve is a cylindrical object composed of a titanium-based grid and is arranged inside the reaction chamber. The surface is coated with a nano-titanium dioxide material to form a coating, so that it can fully contact the water sample to be tested and provide digestion efficiency. The nano-titanium dioxide material coating can accept the energy of ultraviolet light and high-energy ultrasound, generate electrons and holes, react with water molecules to generate strong oxidants, and digest organic and inorganic substances in the water sample.

[0062] The temperature control system is used to control the temperature of the reaction chamber so that the digestion process can be carried out at the optimal temperature.

[0063] The time controller is used to control the irradiation time and intensity of the ultraviolet lamp, and the output power and working time of the ultrasonic generator, so as to control the time and effect of the digestion process.

[0064] The power supply and switch provide power to the entire device and control the on / off operation of the device.

[0065] The schematic diagram of the water sample digester is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0066] The water sample digestion method includes the following steps:

[0067] The water sample is passed into the reaction chamber of the water sample digester through the water inlet interface, and the ultraviolet lamp is turned on to irradiate the mesh-shaped titanium base inner sleeve. The irradiation intensity is 1W / cm 2, the time is 45min, the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is 265nm. Then turn on the ultrasonic generator, control the output power of the ultrasonic generator to 60W, and the time is 1h. Oxidation decomposition of the water sample is carried out, and the water sample is discharged through the water outlet interface after the reaction is completed, and the water sample digestion is completed.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A water sample digester and a water sample digestion method.

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that the irradiation time is 55 minutes.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A water sample digester and a water sample digestion method.

[0073] The difference from Example 1 is that the output power of the ultrasonic generator is 80W.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] A water sample digester and a water sample digestion method.

[0076] The difference from Example 1 is that the irradiation time is 20 minutes.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] A water sample digester and a water sample digestion method.

[0079] The difference from Example 1 is that the output power of the ultrasonic generator is 20W.

[0080] Digestion effect detection:

[0081] Sewage and surface water samples were collected from 10 different areas, digested according to the national standard method, and used the digesters configured in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. The total phosphorus was then tested using the national standard method. The measured total phosphorus value data are shown in Table 1.

[0082] Table 1 Total phosphorus value data

[0083]

[0084] As shown in Table 1, the water sample digesters and water sample digestion methods prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention can achieve the best digestion effect and can quickly and accurately detect organic and inorganic substances in water samples. However, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the digestion effect is poor due to the adjustment of the ultraviolet lamp irradiation time and the output power of the ultrasonic generator, which further affects the accuracy of the detection.

[0085] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by a person skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A water sample digester, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a reaction chamber, an ultraviolet lamp, an ultrasonic generator, a grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve, a temperature control system, a time controller, and a switch; The shell is arranged outside the water sample digester; The reaction chamber is arranged in the shell, and the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a water inlet interface and a water outlet interface; The ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber; The ultrasonic generator is arranged on the top of the reaction chamber; The grid-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve is disposed inside the reaction chamber; The surface of the mesh-shaped titanium-based inner sleeve is made of nano-titanium dioxide material.

2. The water sample digester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet interface is arranged above the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

3. The water sample digester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet interface is arranged below the outer wall of the reaction chamber.

4. The water sample digester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano titanium dioxide material is 1 to 1000 nm.

5. A water sample digestion method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The water sample is introduced into the reaction chamber of the water sample digester through the water inlet interface, the ultraviolet lamp is turned on to irradiate the grid-shaped titanium base inner sleeve, and then the ultrasonic generator is turned on to oxidize and decompose the water sample. After the reaction is completed, the water sample is discharged through the water outlet interface to complete the water sample digestion.

6. The water sample digestion method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intensity of the irradiation is 0.1-2 W / cm 2 .

7. The water sample digestion method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The irradiation time is 0.5 to 2 hours.

8. The water sample digestion method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output power of the ultrasonic generator is 30-90W.

9. The water sample digestion method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working time of the ultrasonic generator is 0.5 to 2 hours.

10. The water sample digestion method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wavelength of light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp is 200-400nm.

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