Water content testing system and method for lossless self-weight deposition of sludge

Abstract

The invention discloses a water content testing system and method for lossless self-weight deposition of sludge. The system comprises a deposition assembly, a drainage assembly, a shell, a testing assembly and a control unit. The sedimentation column is used for simulating the self-weight deposition process of the high-water-content dredged mud, and the coaxial cable detector is used for measuring the water content of The coaxial cable detector can quickly and nondestructively measure the moisture content change of the sludge at different heights in the self-weight deposition process, and is used for quickly and quantitatively analyzing the humidity distribution condition of the sludge in the self-weight deposition process in engineering. A shell is arranged on the outer side of a settlement column, probe sets are installed on the periphery, the upper portion and the lower portion of the settlement column at intervals, it is ensured that a waveguide rod is exactly in contact with the settlement column, and the electromagnetic waves received by coaxial cable detectors of different heights are transmitted to soil in the settlement column according to the difference of time needed by the soil in the settlement column. A relation curve between the feedback time of the electromagnetic waves and the water content is obtained, and the mass water content of the slurry suspensions at different heights can be rapidly calibrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of basic geotechnical engineering tests, and in particular to a system and method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight deposition without loss. Background Art

[0002] Dredged mud has the characteristics of high water content, low strength and large deformation. Usually, the high water content dredged mud is pumped to the cofferdam yard for disposal by suction equipment. The silt in the yard will settle by its own weight. Clay particles of different particle sizes sink at different speeds, resulting in a particle sorting effect. The water content of the vertical section silt changes over time. How to measure the change of silt soluble water content over time during the process of self-weight sedimentation is crucial for calculating the rate and stabilization time of self-weight sedimentation in actual engineering.

[0003] Traditionally, test tubes are used to extract silt at different depths to determine the moisture content. However, the sampling process greatly disturbs the silt particles in the sedimentation column, artificially affects the self-weight sedimentation of the silt particles, changes the silt particle grading, and cannot monitor the sedimentation process of the silt particles in real time and at high frequency. The measured silt moisture content distribution has a large error. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for non-destructive moisture content testing of sludge self-weight sedimentation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a moisture content testing system for non-destructive self-weight sedimentation of sludge, comprising a sedimentation component, a drainage component, a shell, a testing component and a control unit, wherein the sedimentation component comprises a sedimentation column, a base, a cover plate and an electronic scale, wherein the sedimentation column is arranged on the base in a vertical direction, the base and the sedimentation column are sealed and connected to the bottom of the sedimentation column, the cover plate and the sedimentation column are detachably connected to the top of the sedimentation column, the electronic scale is arranged below the base, the electronic scale is used to measure the sedimentation mass of the sludge in the sedimentation column, and the sedimentation column is used to install the sludge; the drainage component comprises a plurality of first drainage pipes and at least one second drainage pipe, the second drainage pipe is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation column, the plurality of first drainage pipes are spaced apart and distributed on the sedimentation column in a vertical direction, and the first drainage pipes are connected to the sedimentation column;

[0007] The shell cover is arranged on the periphery of the sedimentation column; the test assembly is arranged on the shell, the number of the test assemblies is plural, and they are distributed on the shell at intervals along the vertical direction, each test assembly includes multiple probe groups, and the multiple probe groups are distributed along the inner circumference of the shell; each probe group includes a coaxial cable detector and multiple waveguide rods, the coaxial cable detector is connected to the multiple waveguide rods respectively, the multiple waveguide rods are arranged in parallel, and the end of each waveguide rod abuts the outer surface of the sedimentation column, the coaxial cable detector is used to emit electromagnetic waves toward the sludge in the sedimentation column and receive electromagnetic waves reflected by the sludge in the sedimentation column; the control unit is electrically connected to the coaxial cable detector, the electronic scale and the drainage assembly, and the control unit is used to calculate the moisture content of the sludge in the sedimentation column according to the time difference of the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sludge in the sedimentation column collected by the coaxial cable detector.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sedimentation assembly also includes a first filter layer, a geotextile, a permeable board and a second filter layer, wherein the first filter layer is disposed on a base, and the first filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water; the geotextile is disposed on the first filter layer; the permeable board is disposed on the geotextile, and the permeable board is adapted to the sedimentation column; the second filter layer is disposed on the permeable board, and the second filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water.

[0009] In some embodiments, the deposition assembly further comprises a plurality of sleeves, which are detachably connected from top to bottom by fasteners, and two adjacent sleeves are airtightly connected to form a sedimentation column, each sleeve is provided with at least one first drain pipe, and each sleeve is provided with at least one test assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the coaxial cable detector includes an electromagnetic wave generator and an oscilloscope. The electromagnetic wave generator is used to generate a square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal; the oscilloscope is used to analyze the feedback time of the square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal; the probe group also includes an insulating handle, on which a plurality of waveguide rods are provided, and the coaxial cable detector is connected to the plurality of waveguide rods through the insulating handle.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss, which is applicable to the system described in the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0012] Collecting original soil, crushing the original soil and then preparing a plurality of silt soils with different water concentrations to obtain a plurality of mud suspensions;

[0013] The following steps were performed for each mud suspension:

[0014] Fill the mud suspension with the current water concentration into the sedimentation column from the top of the sedimentation column, and seal the sedimentation column with a cover plate;

[0015] During the sedimentation process of the mud suspension due to its own weight, the turbid liquid level height information of the mud suspension is collected at a preset frequency, the turbid liquid level height information including the height value and image information;

[0016] And, during the sedimentation process of the mud suspension by its own weight, the coaxial cable detector is simultaneously controlled according to a preset frequency to collect particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector;

[0017] The particle distribution information, the turbid liquid level information and the collected timestamp are mapped and stored to form the deadweight deposition information corresponding to the current mud suspension;

[0018] Repeat the above steps until the self-weight sedimentation information of all mud suspensions is generated.

[0019] In some embodiments, the particle distribution information includes a graph showing the relationship between sludge moisture content at different heights;

[0020] During the sedimentation of the mud suspension by self-weight, the coaxial cable detector is controlled at a preset frequency to collect the particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector, including:

[0021] The coaxial cable detector generates a transmitted electromagnetic wave and records a transmission time stamp of the transmitted electromagnetic wave;

[0022] The coaxial cable detector receives the reflected electromagnetic wave reflected by the mud suspension in the sedimentation column and records the receiving timestamp of the reflected electromagnetic wave;

[0023] Calculate the time difference between the transmission timestamp and the reception timestamp, which is recorded as the propagation time difference;

[0024] Obtain the distance information between the transmitting end of the current coaxial cable detector and the sedimentation column, which is recorded as the propagation distance;

[0025] and, obtaining the propagation speed of the transmitted electromagnetic wave generated by the coaxial cable detector in a vacuum;

[0026] The first functional formula of the dielectric constant of rock-soil body is constructed according to the propagation time difference, propagation speed and propagation distance, and the rock-soil body is the silt soil in the mud suspension;

[0027] According to the first functional formula, a second functional formula of the dielectric constant and volume water content of the rock and soil is obtained;

[0028] The relationship curve diagram of the silt moisture content at different heights of the rock and soil body is calculated based on the second functional formula and the first functional formula.

[0029] In some embodiments, a first functional formula for the dielectric constant of a rock mass is constructed according to the propagation time difference, the propagation speed, and the propagation distance, wherein the rock mass is silt soil in a mud suspension and includes:

[0030] The propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in a medium is expressed by formula (1), which is as follows:

[0031] V=C / () -0. = / T;

[0032] Formula (1) is converted into the first functional formula, and the first functional formula is expressed by formula (2). Formula (2) is as follows:

[0033] K=(CT / 2L) 2 ;

[0034] In formula (1) and formula (2), C is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, which is a constant of 300 km / s, K is the dielectric constant of the medium, μ is the magnetic coefficient of the medium, the magnetic coefficient of soil is 1, L is the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, and T is the propagation time of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

[0035] In some embodiments, the second functional formula for obtaining the dielectric constant and volumetric water content of the rock mass according to the first functional formula includes:

[0036] The second functional form is expressed by formula (3), which is as follows:

[0037] K = 3.03 + 9.3 + 146 2 —76.7 3 ;

[0038] In formula (3), θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass. The volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water in the mud suspension to the total volume of the mud suspension, and the unit is %.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0040] The volumetric moisture content is converted to the mass moisture content according to the second functional formula and expressed by formula (4). Formula (4) is as follows:

[0041] θ=ρW / (1+W);

[0042] In formula (4), ρ is the density of the rock mass, θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass, and w is the mass water content of the rock mass.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0044] Different from the prior art, the above technical scheme provides a non-destructive moisture content test system and method for sludge self-weight deposition, and the system includes a deposition component, a drainage component, a shell, a test component and a control unit. The sedimentation column is used to simulate the self-weight deposition process of high-water-content dredged mud, and the coaxial cable detector is used to measure the moisture content of the sludge. The coaxial cable detector can quickly and non-destructively measure the changes in the moisture content of sludge at different heights during the self-weight deposition process, and can be used for rapid quantitative analysis of the moisture distribution of sludge during the self-weight deposition process in engineering. The outside of the sedimentation column is equipped with a shell, and probe groups are installed around the sedimentation column and at intervals above and below the column to ensure that the waveguide rod is in contact with the sedimentation column. The difference in the time required for the electromagnetic waves received by the coaxial cable detector at different heights to be transmitted to the soil in the sedimentation column and received to the soil in the sedimentation column is used to obtain the relationship curve between the feedback time of the electromagnetic wave and the moisture content, and the mass moisture content of the mud suspension at different heights can be quickly calibrated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 is a first schematic diagram of the test system;

[0047] Figure 2 is a second schematic diagram of the test system;

[0048] Figure 3 is a third schematic diagram of the test system;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the probe set.

[0050] Reference numerals:

[0051] 1. Deposition components;

[0052] 11. Sedimentation column;

[0053] 111, sleeve;

[0054] 12. Base;

[0055] 121, connection hole;

[0056] 13. Cover plate;

[0057] 14. Permeable board;

[0058] 15. First sealing ring;

[0059] 16. Electronic scale;

[0060] 2. Drainage components;

[0061] 21. The first drainage pipe;

[0062] 22. Second drain pipe;

[0063] 3. Shell;

[0064] 4. Test components;

[0065] 41. Coaxial cable detector;

[0066] 42. Waveguide rod;

[0067] 43. Insulated handle;

[0068] 5. Control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is particularly noted that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only partial embodiments of the present invention rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] See also Figures 1 to 4 In the first aspect, the present embodiment provides a moisture content testing system for non-destructive self-weight sedimentation of sludge, comprising a sedimentation assembly 1, a drainage assembly 2, a shell 3, a testing assembly 4 and a control unit. The sedimentation assembly 1 comprises a sedimentation column 11, a base 12, a cover plate 13 and an electronic scale 16. The sedimentation column 11 is arranged on the base 12 in the vertical direction. The base 12 and the sedimentation column 11 are sealed and connected to the bottom of the sedimentation column 11. The cover plate 13 and the sedimentation column 11 are detachably connected to the top of the sedimentation column 11. The electronic scale 16 is arranged below the base 12. The electronic scale 16 is used to measure the sedimentation mass of the sludge in the sedimentation column 11. The sedimentation column 11 is used to install the sludge. The drainage assembly 2 comprises a plurality of first drainage pipes 21 and at least one second drainage pipe 22. The second drainage pipe 22 is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation column 11. The plurality of first drainage pipes 21 are distributed on the sedimentation column 11 at intervals in the vertical direction, and the first drainage pipes 21 are connected to the sedimentation column 11.

[0071] The shell 3 is covered on the periphery of the sedimentation column 11; the test assembly 4 is arranged on the shell 3, the number of the test assembly 4 is multiple, and the test assembly 4 is distributed on the shell 3 at intervals along the vertical direction, each test assembly 4 includes multiple probe groups, and the multiple probe groups are distributed along the inner circumference of the shell 3; each probe group includes a coaxial cable detector 41 and multiple waveguide rods 42, the coaxial cable detector 41 is connected to the multiple waveguide rods 42 respectively, the multiple waveguide rods 42 are arranged in parallel, and the end of each waveguide rod 42 is abutted against the outer surface of the sedimentation column 11, the coaxial cable detector 41 is used to emit electromagnetic waves toward the sludge in the sedimentation column 11 and receive electromagnetic waves reflected by the sludge in the sedimentation column 11; the control unit is electrically connected to the coaxial cable detector 41, the electronic scale 16 and the drainage assembly 2, and the control unit is used to calculate the moisture content of the sludge in the sedimentation column 11 according to the time difference of the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sludge in the sedimentation column 11 collected by the coaxial cable detector 41.

[0072] In this embodiment, the sedimentation column 11 can be understood as the main structure for installing silt. The sedimentation column 11 is a cylinder with openings at both ends and a hollow interior. Optionally, the sedimentation column 11 can be made of a transparent acrylic plate. A cover plate 13 is provided above the sedimentation column 11. The cover plate 13 can be opened when silt needs to be installed. A base 12 is provided below the sedimentation column 11. The base 12 can be connected to the second drain pipe 22 to facilitate adjusting the water level in the sedimentation column 11. Further, the outside of the sedimentation column 11 can be attached with a cardboard with scale lines, a plastic sticker with scale lines, etc., which is convenient for directly checking the height of the soil in the current sedimentation column 11 through the sedimentation column 11.

[0073] Furthermore, the drainage assembly 2 includes a first drain pipe group 21 and a second drain pipe group 22, wherein the first drain pipe group 21 includes a plurality of first drain pipes 21, and the plurality of first drain pipes 21 are spaced apart along the vertical direction of the sedimentation column 11, and the arrangement of the first drain pipe 21 facilitates the adjustment of the liquid content at different heights; the second drain pipe group 22 includes at least one second drain pipe 22, that is, the number of the second drain pipes 22 can be one or more, and the second drain pipe 22 is arranged on the circumference of the base 12, and a connecting hole 121 is arranged in the base 12, so that the second drain pipe 22 is connected to the sedimentation column 11, and the second drain pipe 22 can discharge the water in the sedimentation column 11. Similarly, the arrangement of the second drain pipe 22 facilitates the adjustment of the liquid content in the sedimentation column 11 according to actual needs during the test.

[0074] In this embodiment, a shell 3 is provided on the outside of the sedimentation column 11. The material of the shell 3 can be the same as that of the sedimentation column 11, that is, it is made of a transparent acrylic plate. The shell 3 is provided to facilitate the fixing of the test assembly 4. Specifically, there are multiple test assemblies 4, and the multiple test assemblies 4 are distributed along the vertical direction of the sedimentation column 11. Furthermore, each test assembly 4 includes multiple probe groups, and the probe groups are distributed along the circumference of the sedimentation column 11, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each probe group includes a coaxial cable detector 41 and a waveguide rod 42, and the number of waveguide rods 42 can be set according to actual needs. The coaxial cable detector 41 is connected to the waveguide rod 42, which can be specifically understood as follows: the coaxial cable detector 41 can emit electromagnetic waves. When the emission end of the coaxial cable detector 41 is connected to the waveguide rod 42, the waveguide rod 42 can be used as a medium for electromagnetic waves, and the waveguide rod 42 is in contact with the outer side of the settlement column 11, then the electromagnetic waves can be directly transmitted to the soil in the settlement column 11 through the waveguide rod 42. The specific principle is described in detail below, and the soil will reflect the electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the coaxial cable detector 41 also has the function of receiving electromagnetic waves reflected from the soil, that is, the coaxial cable detector 41 also has a receiving end, which is also connected to the waveguide rod 42. The reflected electromagnetic waves can return to the coaxial cable detector 41 again through the waveguide rod 42. By detecting the reflection time difference of the electromagnetic waves, further research on the moisture content can be carried out. For details, please see the following description.

[0075] The control unit can be a terminal device, such as a host, a microcomputer chip, etc. The control unit shown in this embodiment can be used to execute the logical steps described later. In this embodiment, by arranging multiple test components 4 around the sedimentation column 11, the soil moisture content test at multiple positions of the soil in the sedimentation column 11 is realized. In this process, it is not necessary to sample the soil inside the sedimentation column 11, etc., so as to realize non-destructive testing and improve the testing efficiency.

[0076] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the deposition assembly 1 further includes a plurality of sleeves 111, which are detachably connected from top to bottom by fasteners, and two adjacent sleeves 111 are airtightly connected to form a sedimentation column 11, and each sleeve 111 is provided with at least one first drain pipe 21, and each sleeve 111 is provided with at least one test assembly 4.

[0077] In this embodiment, the sedimentation column 11 is split into a plurality of sleeves 111. The structural dimensions of the plurality of sleeves 111 can be completely the same. The plurality of sleeves 111 can be detachably connected to each other by fasteners. For example, Figure 2An example of connecting two adjacent sleeves 111 with bolts is shown. Optionally, the number of sleeves 111 is five, which is convenient for carrying and using the sedimentation column 11. Multiple test components 4 can be provided on each sleeve 111. Optionally, each sleeve 111 is provided with at least one first drain pipe 21, which is convenient for adjusting the liquid water content in each sleeve 111 according to actual needs. It should be noted that two adjacent sleeves 111 are interconnected to form a complete sedimentation column 11. The first drain pipe 21 adjusting the water content in each sleeve 111 can be understood as the first drain pipe 21 can adjust the water content of the soil at different heights.

[0078] This embodiment splits the sedimentation column 11 into multiple sleeves 111, which is more in line with the need to transport the test device in actual sludge sedimentation tests, making the use of the sedimentation column 11 more convenient.

[0079] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the sedimentation assembly 1 further includes a first filter layer, a geotextile, a permeable board 14 and a second filter layer, wherein the first filter layer is arranged on the base 12, and the first filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water; the geotextile is arranged on the first filter layer; the permeable board 14 is arranged on the geotextile, and the permeable board 14 is adapted to the sedimentation column 11; the second filter layer is arranged on the permeable board 14, and the second filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water.

[0080] In this embodiment, the material and structure of the first filter layer and the second filter layer can be exactly the same. The difference is that the first filter layer and the second filter layer are set at different positions. A permeable board 14 and a geotextile are also provided between the first filter layer and the second filter layer. Specifically, the geotextile is a permeable geosynthetic material made of synthetic fibers by needle punching or weaving. The geotextile is also used for filtration. The permeable board 14 is provided with a plurality of tiny pores, which can block the passage of silt while discharging water, effectively preventing the loss of soil particles and ensuring the stability and continuity of the soil during the test.

[0081] This embodiment can avoid soil and water loss at the bottom of the sedimentation column 11 by setting the first filter layer, the second filter layer, the geotextile and the permeable board 14, better simulate the self-weight deposition law of silt in the actual environment, and make the test results of the entire test device more accurate.

[0082] In some embodiments, the deposition assembly 1 further includes a second sealing ring and a plurality of first sealing rings 15, the number of the first sealing rings 15 corresponds to the number of the sleeves 111, and a first sealing ring 15 is provided between two adjacent sleeves 111; the second sealing ring is provided at the connection between the sedimentation column 11 and the base 12. In this embodiment, in order to better improve the connection sealing between the two sleeves 111, a groove can be provided at the end surface of the sleeve 111, and when the two adjacent sleeves 111 are spliced ​​together, the grooves of the two sleeves 111 can be connected to form an annular cavity, and then the first sealing ring 15 is provided in the annular cavity. When the two sleeves 111 are spliced ​​together, the first sealing ring 15 in the annular cavity will be squeezed, thereby ensuring the sealing of the connection between the two adjacent sleeves 111.

[0083] The second sealing ring is disposed between the base 12 and a sleeve 111 connected to the base 12 , and plays the same role as the first sealing ring 15 .

[0084] Further, in some embodiments, the sleeve 111 is made of an acrylic plate; and / or the base 12 is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride; and / or the water-permeable plate 14 is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride; and / or the first sealing ring 15 and / or the second sealing ring is an O-ring; and / or the cover plate 13 is made of an acrylic plate; and / or the shell 3 is made of an acrylic plate.

[0085] In some embodiments, the diameter of the sleeve 111 is 200 mm, the height of the sleeve 111 is 200 mm, and the wall thickness of the sleeve 111 is 10 mm; and / or, the diameter of the first sealing ring 15 is 180 mm; and / or, the diameter of the second sealing ring is 180 mm; and / or, the diameter of the base 12 is 240 mm, the height of the base 12 is 20 mm; and / or, the diameter of the water-permeable plate 14 is 180 mm, and the water-permeable plate 14 is circular.

[0086] In some embodiments, the sedimentation assembly 1 further includes an electronic scale 16, which is disposed below the base 12 and is used to detect the weight of the soil in the sedimentation column 11. The electronic scale 16 is placed below the base 12 and is used to measure the weight change of the sedimentation column 11. Through the accurate measurement of the electronic scale 16, the state of sludge deposition can be monitored in real time.

[0087] In some embodiments, the coaxial cable detector 41 includes an electromagnetic wave generator and an oscilloscope. The electromagnetic wave generator is used to generate a square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal; and the oscilloscope is used to analyze the feedback time of the square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal.

[0088] See also Figure 4In some embodiments, the probe assembly further includes an insulating handle 43, on which a plurality of waveguide rods 42 are disposed, and the coaxial cable detector 41 is connected to the plurality of waveguide rods 42 via the insulating handle 43. In some embodiments, the number of the waveguide rods 42 is three.

[0089] In some embodiments, a connection hole 121 is provided on the base 12, one end of the connection hole 121 is connected to the inside of the sedimentation column 11, and the other end of the connection hole 121 is connected to the second drainage pipe 22. The testing device also includes a control valve 5, which is arranged on the second drainage pipe 22. The control valve 5 can be opened or closed according to actual test requirements, so as to realize data collection of the soil formed by the silt in the sedimentation column 11 in different states.

[0090] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided to further understand the above technical solution:

[0091] This example provides a non-destructive testing device for measuring the change of water content during the self-weight sedimentation of high-water content sludge, including a sedimentation component 1, a drainage component 2, a shell 3 and a test component 4. The sedimentation component 1 includes a sedimentation column 11, a plexiglass cover plate 13 (i.e., cover plate 13), a hard polyvinyl chloride permeable plate 14 (i.e., permeable plate 14), a control switch (i.e., control valve 5), a hard polyvinyl chloride base 12 (i.e., base 12), an electronic scale 16 and a guide pipe (i.e., a second drainage pipe 22). The column body of the sedimentation column 11 is firmly connected to the base 12, and an accurate paper ruler (i.e., a scale line) can be attached to the outside of the pipe wall of the sedimentation column 11, and a coaxial cable detector 41 and a probe (i.e., a waveguide rod 42 with an insulating handle 43) connected to the sedimentation column 11 are installed on the outside of the pipe wall of the sedimentation column 11 to enhance the monitoring function.

[0092] The test assembly 4 includes a sedimentation column 11 cover (i.e., a shell 3) assembled on the top of the sedimentation column 11, and a coaxial cable detector 41 and a probe (i.e., a waveguide rod 42 with a handle) are installed at intervals around and above and below the sedimentation column 11 cover to ensure that the waveguide rod 42 is just in contact with the sedimentation column 11. The coaxial cable detector 41 includes an electromagnetic wave generator and an oscilloscope. The electromagnetic wave generator is used to output a square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal with a very fast rise time (120ps); the oscilloscope is used to receive and analyze the feedback time of the square electromagnetic wave. The probes used are three parallel waveguide rods 42, which are all fixed on an insulating handle 43 of waterproof hard insulating material, and are connected to the coaxial cable detector 41 via a cable for use.

[0093] The sedimentation column 11 is made of acrylic plate, and the transparency of the acrylic plate allows the sedimentation process to be observed visually. The column height of the sedimentation column 11 is 1000mm, the inner diameter is 200mm, and the wall thickness is 10mm. It can be divided into five parts (i.e., sleeves 111) that can be assembled in sections, and each part (i.e., sleeves 111) is equipped with a drainage pipe (i.e., the first drainage pipe 21) on the side. Each section-assembled part (i.e., sleeve 111) is connected by bolts and sealed with an O-ring (i.e., the first sealing ring 15). The bottom of the sedimentation column 11 is equipped with a control switch (i.e., control valve 5) and a guide tube (i.e., the second sealing ring), and the entire sedimentation column 11 is placed on an electronic scale 16 to achieve accurate measurement of the change in sludge weight. In order to construct a segmented assembled sedimentation column 11, an O-ring (i.e., the first sealing ring 15) with an accurate inner diameter needs to be installed at the port for connecting each sleeve 111 to ensure the sealing effect. The connection port of each sleeve 111 is tightened by bolts to ensure a stable connection and no leakage. A paper ruler with a minimum scale of 1 mm is symmetrically attached to the outer wall of the sedimentation column 11 and fixed with transparent tape for accurate measurement. A rigid polyvinyl chloride permeable plate 14 is installed. The permeable plate 14 is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride material and is used as a filter layer. Its main function is to effectively prevent excessive loss of soil particles during the test.

[0094] The organic glass cover 13 is installed on the top of the sedimentation column 11. The purpose is to prevent the evaporation of water in the sample in the test device during the test after the test begins. At the same time, the organic glass cover 13 is used to protect the inside of the sedimentation column 11 from external interference and is also convenient for observation and operation. This design can effectively protect the test device and ensure the accuracy and stability of the experiment.

[0095] The rigid polyvinyl chloride permeable board 14 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation column 11, mainly used to prevent soil particles from flowing out from the bottom. The permeable board 14 has a certain pore structure, which can allow water to be discharged freely, and effectively prevent the loss of soil particles, ensuring the stability and continuity of the soil during the test.

[0096] The control switch (i.e., the control valve 5) is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation column 11 and connected to the rigid polyvinyl chloride base 12. By opening and closing the control switch (i.e., the control valve 5), the drainage rate and drainage volume are adjusted to simulate the soil drainage process under different conditions and further study the drainage performance and stability of the soil.

[0097] The rigid polyvinyl chloride base 12 is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation column 11. The base 12 is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride, which has good corrosion resistance and stability and is suitable for the needs of long-term experiments. The base 12 and the sedimentation column 11 are fixedly connected using organic glue to ensure the stability and sealing of the device.

[0098] The electronic scale 16 is placed below the base 12 to measure the weight change at the bottom of the sediment column. Through the accurate measurement of the electronic scale 16, the weight change of the sludge deposition can be monitored in real time.

[0099] The diversion pipe (ie, the second drainage pipe 22) is connected to a control switch (ie, a control valve 5) for diverting water flow to the outside.

[0100] This example has the following benefits:

[0101] The column body of the sedimentation column 11 is made of acrylic plate, which has high strength and can withstand greater water pressure; the tube wall of the sedimentation column 11 is uniform and transparent, which is convenient for liquid level reading; the connection between the tube wall of the sedimentation column 11 and the base 12 is high in strength, durable and sealed, and there is no water leakage or seepage during the test; the processing and manufacturing process of the sedimentation column 11 is simple.

[0102] Compared with the traditional soil self-weight sedimentation drainage test device, the outside of the settlement column 11 of this example is equipped with a settlement column 11 cover, and coaxial cable detectors 41 are installed around and at intervals above and below the settlement column 11 cover to ensure that the waveguide rod 42 is in contact with the settlement column 11. The relationship curve between the feedback time of the electromagnetic wave and the water content is obtained by the difference in the time required for the electromagnetic wave received by the oscilloscope at different heights from emission to reception (through the soil), and the water content of the mud at different heights can be quickly calibrated.

[0103] Compared with the traditional soil self-weight sedimentation drainage test device, the test device described in this example is equipped with a coaxial cable detector 41 and a waveguide rod 42, and uses an oscilloscope to receive and analyze the feedback time of electromagnetic waves to quickly and non-destructively measure the changes in silt moisture content at different heights during the self-weight sedimentation process.

[0104] Compared with the traditional soil self-weight sedimentation drainage test device, the sedimentation column 11 of the test device described in this example adopts a modular segmented assembly design, which improves the portability and assembly convenience of the device. When conducting experiments in other places, this modular design significantly reduces the complexity of transportation and installation. The segmented detachable characteristics of the sedimentation column 11 provide flexibility for the experiment, facilitate the implementation of a variety of experimental layouts, and support complex modular experiments. For example, different sections can be filled with different silt types or embedded with various sensors to explore the interaction between multiple layers of silt. The use of bolted connections and O-rings not only ensures the tight connection between the sections of the sedimentation column 11, but also enhances the overall stability and sealing, which is particularly critical for conducting long-term or harsh experiments.

[0105] Compared with the traditional soil self-weight deposition drainage process test device, the test device described in this example innovatively introduces a design in which a control switch (control valve 5) is connected to a flow guide pipe (second drainage pipe 22). This design greatly improves the convenience and flexibility of experimental operation. By manipulating the control switch, the experimenter can accurately open or close the flow guide pipe, and then carefully adjust the water flow state inside the device. The presence of the flow guide pipe allows the water flow to be directed to a specific position as required, effectively controlling the direction and flow of the water flow in the experiment. This design enables the experiment to be closer to the water flow conditions in actual projects, significantly enhancing the authenticity and reliability of the experiment. In addition, the design of the control switch and the flow guide pipe also simplifies the operating process, reduces the experimental steps, and thus significantly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0106] In a second aspect, this embodiment further provides a method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight deposition without loss, which is applicable to the system described in the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0107] Collecting original soil, crushing the original soil and then preparing a plurality of silt soils with different water concentrations to obtain a plurality of mud suspensions;

[0108] The following steps were performed for each mud suspension:

[0109] Fill the mud suspension with the current water concentration into the sedimentation column from the top of the sedimentation column, and seal the sedimentation column with a cover plate;

[0110] During the sedimentation process of the mud suspension due to its own weight, the turbid liquid level height information of the mud suspension is collected at a preset frequency, the turbid liquid level height information including the height value and image information;

[0111] And, during the sedimentation process of the mud suspension by its own weight, the coaxial cable detector is simultaneously controlled at a preset frequency to collect particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector;

[0112] The particle distribution information, the turbid liquid level information and the collected timestamp are mapped and stored to form the deadweight deposition information corresponding to the current mud suspension;

[0113] Repeat the above steps until the self-weight sedimentation information of all mud suspensions is generated.

[0114] The above steps can be understood in conjunction with the above examples:

[0115] Before the experiment begins, make sure all control switches (control valves) are in the closed state and keep the device dry. When conducting the test, evenly apply vaseline on the inner wall of the sedimentation column to reduce friction during the sedimentation of silt and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment. To prevent the loss of the bottom soil, a layer of wetted filter layer should be laid at the bottom of the sedimentation column in the following order: filter paper (first filter layer), geotextile, grooved permeable board and another layer of filter paper (second filter layer) to maintain the accuracy of the experiment.

[0116] Next, install the coaxial cable detector and the probe (i.e., the insulated handle with a waveguide rod), and adjust the position and parameters of the coaxial cable detector to monitor the change in sludge moisture content. After assembly, a leak test is performed to check whether there is leakage at the joints through a water filling test. Finally, a comprehensive inspection is performed to ensure that all components are installed correctly and the monitoring equipment is working properly, so as to prepare for the smooth progress of the experiment.

[0117] Before the test, different concentrations of alluvial soil should be prepared according to the needs of the experiment. This step requires a mixer to break up the original soil and prepare alluvial soil of different concentrations according to the experimental requirements. The preparation process needs to be carried out strictly in accordance with the ratio requirements to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the test results. When the prepared high-water content sand-containing silt is transferred to the sedimentation column, the sedimentation column is sealed with a plexiglass cover. The mud suspension begins to settle freely by its own weight. The readings are recorded according to the scale paper ruler on the outer wall of the plexiglass tube column. During the sedimentation process, a camera is used to take pictures to record the actual settlement height of the turbid liquid surface for archiving. At the same time, carefully observe whether there is water seepage at the cementation connection between the column body and the base. If there is water seepage, it needs to be handled in time to ensure that the connection is well sealed to prevent leakage during the test, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0118] When starting the coaxial cable detector, ensure that the total power of its electromagnetic wave generator remains constant. We can monitor the particle distribution in the sedimentation column in real time during the sedimentation of sludge by self-weight, and achieve accurate recording of the particle distribution status at any time.

[0119] When electromagnetic waves pass through matter, absorption and scattering occur, resulting in different speeds of electromagnetic waves. The speed also depends on the range of the electromagnetic waves.

[0120] In order to improve the credibility and accuracy of the test data, the test can be repeated with high-water content sludge of different properties and ingredients until the test data collection is completed to ensure the reliability and scientificity of the test results. When the predetermined sedimentation and drainage conditions are met, the test is terminated and all equipment is safely shut down.

[0121] In some embodiments, the particle distribution information includes a graph showing the relationship between sludge moisture content at different heights;

[0122] During the sedimentation of the mud suspension by self-weight, the coaxial cable detector is controlled at a preset frequency to collect the particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector, including:

[0123] The coaxial cable detector generates a transmitted electromagnetic wave and records a transmission time stamp of the transmitted electromagnetic wave;

[0124] The coaxial cable detector receives the reflected electromagnetic wave reflected by the mud suspension in the sedimentation column and records the receiving timestamp of the reflected electromagnetic wave;

[0125] Calculate the time difference between the transmission timestamp and the reception timestamp, which is recorded as the propagation time difference;

[0126] Obtain the distance information between the transmitting end of the current coaxial cable detector and the sedimentation column, which is recorded as the propagation distance;

[0127] and, obtaining the propagation speed of the transmitted electromagnetic wave generated by the coaxial cable detector in a vacuum;

[0128] The first functional formula of the dielectric constant of rock-soil body is constructed according to the propagation time difference, propagation speed and propagation distance, and the rock-soil body is the silt soil in the mud suspension;

[0129] According to the first functional formula, a second functional formula of the dielectric constant and volume water content of the rock and soil is obtained;

[0130] The relationship curve diagram of the silt moisture content at different heights of the rock and soil body is calculated based on the second functional formula and the first functional formula.

[0131] In some embodiments, a first functional formula for the dielectric constant of a rock mass is constructed according to the propagation time difference, the propagation speed, and the propagation distance, wherein the rock mass is silt soil in a mud suspension and includes:

[0132] The propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in a medium is expressed by formula (1), which is as follows:

[0133] V=C / () -0. = / T;

[0134] Formula (1) is converted into the first functional formula, and the first functional formula is expressed by formula (2). Formula (2) is as follows:

[0135] K=(CT / 2L) 2 ;

[0136] In formula (1) and formula (2), C is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, which is a constant of 300 km / s, K is the dielectric constant of the medium, μ is the magnetic coefficient of the medium (, the magnetic coefficient of soil is 1, L is the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, and T is the propagation time of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

[0137] In some embodiments, the second functional formula for obtaining the dielectric constant and volumetric water content of the rock mass according to the first functional formula includes:

[0138] The second functional form is expressed by formula (3), which is as follows:

[0139] K=3.03+9.3+146 2 —76.7 3 ;

[0140] In formula (3), θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass. The volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water in the mud suspension to the total volume of the mud suspension, and the unit is %.

[0141] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0142] The volumetric moisture content is converted to the mass moisture content according to the second functional formula and expressed by formula (4). Formula (4) is as follows:

[0143] θ=ρw / (1+w);

[0144] In formula (4), ρ is the density of the rock mass, θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass, and w is the mass water content of the rock mass.

[0145] The following is a description of the test principle:

[0146] The coaxial cable detector includes an electromagnetic wave generator and an oscilloscope, and the probe used is three parallel waveguide rods. The time T required for the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted and received (through the soil) is determined by formula (1), which is as follows:

[0147] V=C / () -0. = / T;

[0148] In formula (1), C is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, which is a constant of 300 km / s; K is the dielectric constant of the medium; μ is the magnetic coefficient of the medium, and the magnetic coefficient of soil is 1; L is the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave in the medium; T is the propagation time of the electromagnetic wave in the medium. The formula (2) for the dielectric constant of the rock and soil can be obtained as follows:

[0149] K=(CT / 2L) 2 ;

[0150] In formula (2), C and L are known, and T can be measured, so the dielectric constant K of the measured soil can be calculated. The soil is composed of three phases: solid phase (soil particles), liquid phase (pore water) and gas phase (pore gas). For soil particles, the dielectric constant is generally around 2 to 4, the dielectric constant of air is 1, and the dielectric constant of water is usually around 80. The dielectric constants of air and soil particles are much smaller than that of water. The changes in dielectric constants caused by changes in air and soil particles can be ignored. Therefore, the dielectric constant of soil depends on the moisture content of the soil. Therefore, as long as the relationship between the dielectric constant and the moisture content of the soil is established, the moisture content of the soil can be obtained based on the measured dielectric constant.

[0151] Different soils were tested and the relationship between the soil dielectric constant and volumetric water content was established and expressed by formula (3). Formula (3) is as follows:

[0152] K=3.03+9.3+146 2 —76.7 3 ;

[0153] In formula (3), θ is the volumetric moisture content of the soil (the ratio of the volume of water in the soil to the total volume of soil water), and the unit is %. The conversion relationship between the volumetric moisture content and the mass moisture content is expressed by formula (4), which is as follows:

[0154] θ=ρW / (1+W);

[0155] In formula (4), ρ is the density of the rock mass, θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass, and w is the mass water content of the rock mass.

[0156] After the dielectric constant of the sludge in the sedimentation column is measured by the coaxial cable detector, the volumetric water content of the soil can be calculated by formula (3), and the density in the sedimentation column can be measured non-destructively by X-ray using existing technology. Then the commonly used mass water content w can be obtained by formula (4). Since the coaxial cable detector and its probe are installed around the hood and at intervals above and below, we can draw a curve chart showing the relationship between different heights and sludge water content. Through this curve chart, the water content distribution of sludge at each height layer can be accurately grasped.

[0157] Specifically, the main structure of the sedimentation column is made of transparent plexiglass, including the surrounding and bottom surfaces, so that the sedimentation process of the sample can be observed intuitively. The height of the measuring part is set to 1.5 meters and is engraved with scales to facilitate accurate determination of the height of the sample during experimental preparation. A sample chamber is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation column, which can be loaded with standard samples of different specifications according to experimental requirements. The entire sedimentation column consists of five detachable sections, each of which is connected by flanges and bolts to ensure fixation and sealing. The bottom of the side wall of the sedimentation column is equipped with a drain port to facilitate cleaning of the equipment after the experiment is completed.

[0158] A scale is set on the sedimentation column, that is, the waveguide rod is positioned to a certain height. The electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generator is guided by the probe to transmit in the medium. When the electromagnetic wave reaches the end of the transmission path or encounters an impedance discontinuity, part of the signal will be reflected back. The reflected signal will return along the original path and be captured by the sampling oscilloscope. By analyzing the time difference between the reflected signal and the original transmitted signal, the corresponding moisture content is obtained by comparing the relationship curve obtained by calibration according to the feedback time of the electromagnetic wave, thereby obtaining the distribution of silt moisture content at different heights.

[0159] This embodiment can directly observe the development of sedimentation and consolidation of the dredger fill soil sample over time. At the location where the coaxial cable detector is installed, the water content of the sludge can be detected by electromagnetic waves. Since the coaxial cable detector is installed around the settlement column cover and at intervals above and below, the user can draw a curve chart showing the relationship between different heights and the sludge water content, thereby obtaining the settlement curve of the dredger fill soil particles.

[0160] In the first hour of the silt moisture content measurement and pore pressure measurement, the electromagnetic wave generator was turned on every ten minutes to measure the sedimentation column, that is, the moisture content of the soil sample was measured at six times: 15min, 25min, 35min, 45min, 55min, and 65min.

[0161] One scan is defined as the electromagnetic wave measuring device measuring the moisture content of the soil sample every 5 cm from top to bottom, and the distribution of the moisture content of the soil sample with height at that moment is obtained by comparison with the standard sample. In the next three hours, the soil sample is scanned every 30 minutes, that is, the moisture content of the soil sample is measured at 90 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes, 180 minutes, 210 minutes, and 240 minutes. Because the sedimentation and consolidation speed of particles will gradually slow down with the development of time, the subsequent test interval can be adjusted accordingly according to the changes in the data measured twice before and after. In addition, the pore pressure data measured by each pore pressure sensor at each time point must be recorded. When the sludge moisture content measured multiple times remains consistent and no longer changes, and the pore pressure data measured by the pore pressure sensor no longer changes, the experiment ends.

[0162] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution provides a non-destructive moisture content test device for sludge self-weight deposition, including a deposition component 1, a drainage component 2, a shell 3 and a test component 4. The sedimentation column 11 is used to simulate the self-weight deposition process of high-water-content dredged mud, and the coaxial cable detector 41 is used to measure the moisture content of the sludge. The coaxial cable detector 41 can quickly and non-destructively determine the changes in the moisture content of sludge at different heights during the self-weight deposition process, and can be used for rapid quantitative analysis of the moisture distribution of sludge during the self-weight deposition process in engineering. The shell 3 is provided on the outside of the sedimentation column 11, and probe groups are installed at intervals around and above and below the sedimentation column 11 to ensure that the waveguide rod 42 is in contact with the sedimentation column 11. The difference in the time required for the electromagnetic waves received by the coaxial cable detector 41 at different heights to be transmitted to the soil in the sedimentation column 11 and received to the soil in the sedimentation column 11 is used to obtain the relationship curve between the feedback time of the electromagnetic wave and the moisture content, and the mass moisture content of the mud suspension at different heights can be quickly calibrated.

[0163] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0164] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0165] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-destructive moisture content testing system for sludge self-weight sedimentation, characterized in that: include: A sedimentation assembly, comprising a sedimentation column, a base, a cover plate and an electronic scale, wherein the sedimentation column is arranged on the base in a vertical direction, the base and the sedimentation column are sealed and connected to the bottom of the sedimentation column, the cover plate and the sedimentation column are detachably connected to the top of the sedimentation column, the electronic scale is arranged below the base, the electronic scale is used to measure the sedimentation mass of the sludge in the sedimentation column, and the sedimentation column is used to install the sludge; A drainage assembly, comprising a plurality of first drainage pipes and at least one second drainage pipe, wherein the second drainage pipe is connected to the bottom of the settling column, the plurality of first drainage pipes are distributed on the settling column at intervals in a vertical direction, and the first drainage pipe is connected to the settling column; A shell body, which is arranged on the periphery of the sedimentation column; A test assembly is arranged on the shell, the number of the test assemblies is multiple and they are spaced apart on the shell along the vertical direction, each of the test assemblies includes multiple probe groups, and the multiple probe groups are distributed along the inner circumference of the shell; Each of the probe groups includes a coaxial cable detector and a plurality of waveguide rods, the coaxial cable detector is connected to the plurality of waveguide rods respectively, the plurality of waveguide rods are arranged in parallel, the end of each waveguide rod abuts against the outer surface of the sedimentation column, and the coaxial cable detector is used to emit electromagnetic waves toward the silt in the sedimentation column and receive electromagnetic waves reflected by the silt in the sedimentation column; A control unit is electrically connected to the coaxial cable detector, the electronic scale and the drainage component, and is used to calculate the moisture content of the sludge in the sedimentation column based on the time difference of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the sludge in the sedimentation column collected by the coaxial cable detector.

2. The moisture content testing system for non-destructive sedimentation of sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deposition assembly further comprises: A first filter layer is disposed on the base, wherein the first filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water; A geotextile is arranged on the first filter layer; A water-permeable plate is arranged on the geotextile, and the water-permeable plate is adapted to the sedimentation column; The second filter layer is arranged on the water-permeable plate, and the second filter layer is configured as filter paper moistened with distilled water.

3. The moisture content testing system for non-destructive sedimentation of sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deposition assembly further comprises: A plurality of sleeves are detachably connected from top to bottom by fasteners, and two adjacent sleeves are airtightly connected to form the sedimentation column, each of the sleeves is provided with at least one of the first drain pipes, and each of the sleeves is provided with at least one test assembly.

4. The moisture content testing system for non-destructive sedimentation of sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coaxial cable detector comprises: An electromagnetic wave generator, wherein the electromagnetic wave generator is used to generate a square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal; An oscilloscope, the oscilloscope being used to analyze the feedback time of the square high-frequency electromagnetic wave signal; The probe group also includes: An insulating handle, wherein a plurality of the waveguide rods are arranged on the insulating handle, and the coaxial cable detector is connected to the plurality of the waveguide rods via the insulating handle.

5. A method for testing the moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss, characterized in that: Applicable to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising: Collecting original soil, crushing the original soil and then preparing a plurality of silt soils with different water concentrations to obtain a plurality of mud suspensions; The following steps were performed for each of the mud suspensions: Filling the mud suspension with the current water concentration into the sedimentation column from the top of the sedimentation column, and sealing the sedimentation column with a cover plate; During the self-weight sedimentation process of the mud suspension, collecting turbid liquid level height information of the mud suspension at a preset frequency, wherein the turbid liquid level height information includes a height value and image information; and, during the self-weight settling process of the mud suspension, controlling the coaxial cable detector to collect particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector at a preset frequency; Mapping and storing the particle distribution information, turbid liquid level information and the collected timestamp to form deadweight sedimentation information corresponding to the current mud suspension; Repeat the above steps until the self-weight sedimentation information of all mud suspensions is generated.

6. The method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle distribution information includes a relationship curve diagram of sludge moisture content at different heights; During the self-weight sedimentation process of the mud suspension, the coaxial cable detector is controlled at a preset frequency to collect the particle distribution information of the mud suspension corresponding to the position information of the coaxial cable detector, including: The coaxial cable detector generates a transmitted electromagnetic wave and records a transmission timestamp of the transmitted electromagnetic wave; The coaxial cable detector receives the reflected electromagnetic wave reflected by the mud suspension in the sedimentation column and records the receiving timestamp of the reflected electromagnetic wave; Calculate the time difference between the transmitting timestamp and the receiving timestamp, and record it as the propagation time difference; Obtaining the distance information between the transmitting end of the current coaxial cable detector and the sedimentation column, recorded as the propagation distance; and, obtaining the propagation speed of the transmitted electromagnetic wave generated by the coaxial cable detector in a vacuum; Constructing a first functional formula of the dielectric constant of a rock-soil body according to the propagation time difference, the propagation speed and the propagation distance, wherein the rock-soil body is the silt soil in the mud suspension; Obtaining a second functional formula of the dielectric constant and volumetric water content of the rock and soil mass according to the first functional formula; A relationship curve diagram of the silt moisture content at different heights of the rock and soil body is calculated based on the second functional formula and the first functional formula.

7. The method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first functional formula for the dielectric constant of a rock-soil body is constructed according to the propagation time difference, the propagation speed and the propagation distance, wherein the rock-soil body is the silt soil in the mud suspension and includes: The propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave in the medium is expressed by formula (1), which is as follows: V=C / (Kμ) -0.5 =L / T; Formula (1) is converted into a first functional formula, and the first functional formula is expressed by formula (2), and the formula (2) is as follows: K=(CT / 2L) 2 ; In formula (1) and formula (2), C is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, which is a constant of 300 km / s, K is the dielectric constant of the medium, μ is the magnetic coefficient of the medium, the magnetic coefficient of soil is 1, L is the propagation distance of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, and T is the propagation time of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

8. The method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second functional formula for obtaining the dielectric constant and volumetric water content of the rock and soil mass according to the first functional formula includes: The second functional formula is expressed by formula (3), which is as follows: K=3.03+9.3θ+146θ 2 —76.7θ 3 ; In formula (3), θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass, and the volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water in the mud suspension to the total volume of the mud suspension, and the unit is %.

9. The method for testing moisture content of sludge by self-weight sedimentation without loss according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The volumetric moisture content is converted into the mass moisture content according to the second functional formula, which is expressed by formula (4). Formula (4) is as follows: θ=ρw / (1+w); In formula (4), ρ is the density of the rock mass, θ is the volumetric water content of the rock mass, and w is the mass water content of the rock mass.

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