Simple soil lysimeter

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple soil lysimeter which comprises an outer barrel, an inner barrel arranged in the outer barrel in a sleeved mode, an opening and closing device assembled at the bottom of the inner barrel and an opening and closing device protection shell, and a fixing iron sheet is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel; the inner barrel comprises a barrel body and a pull rod protection shell fixedly connected with the barrel body, a second opening is formed in the bottom of the barrel body, and an interlayer is formed between the barrel body and the pull rod protection shell; the opening and closing device comprises a fixed plate, a first movable rod, a second movable rod, a third movable rod and a fourth movable rod; a third opening hole is formed in the middle of the fixing plate, and the position of the third opening hole corresponds to that of the second opening hole; according to the device, the outer pipe and the inner pipe can enter the ground more easily to take out original soil of the soil, damage to the original soil of the soil is small, and experimental errors are reduced; undisturbed soil can be conveniently taken out for weighing; meanwhile, convenience is provided for secondary soil weighing and soil water content and evaporation capacity calculation, the occupied area is small, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a soil evaporation technology, in particular to a simple soil evaporation instrument. Background Art

[0002] The lysimeter method is a commonly used soil moisture determination method. Its basic principle is to indirectly infer the soil moisture content and evaporation by measuring the humidity changes produced by the evaporation and infiltration process of soil samples at a certain temperature. The traditional soil permeameter is composed of PVC plastic tubes, which are composed of a large ring and a small ring. It is not easy to enter the ground or pull out from the surface, and it is not good to bring out the original soil for weighing, which is very easy to produce large errors when weighing.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple soil evaporation instrument, which makes it easier for the outer tube and the inner tube to enter the ground to take out the original soil of the soil, causes less damage to the original soil of the soil, reduces experimental errors; is convenient for taking out the original soil of the soil for weighing; and provides convenience for calculating the soil moisture content and evaporation amount for the second soil weighing, thereby improving work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple soil lysimeter with an outer tube and an inner tube that are easier to enter the ground to take out the original soil, which causes less damage to the original soil and reduces experimental errors; it is convenient to take out the original soil for weighing; at the same time, it is convenient to calculate the soil water content and evaporation amount by weighing the soil for the second time, thereby improving work efficiency. It has a reliable structure, is easy to operate, and has a wide range of applicability.

[0005] The present invention discloses a simple soil lysimeter, comprising an outer barrel, an inner barrel sleeved in the outer barrel, an opening and closing device mounted at the bottom of the inner barrel, and a protective shell for the opening and closing device, wherein:

[0006] The bottom of the outer barrel is provided with a fixed iron sheet;

[0007] The inner barrel comprises a barrel body and a pull rod protection shell fixedly connected to the barrel body, and a second opening is provided at the bottom of the barrel body;

[0008] A sandwich layer is formed between the barrel body and the pull rod protection shell;

[0009] The opening and closing device comprises a fixed plate, a first movable rod, a second movable rod, a third movable rod and a fourth movable rod;

[0010] A third opening is provided in the middle of the fixing plate, and the position of the third opening corresponds to the second opening;

[0011] A pair of slide grooves are symmetrically arranged on the fixed plate, and a first slide plate and a second slide plate are installed in the pair of slide grooves;

[0012] The first slide plate is provided with a group of first fixing blocks, and the second slide plate is provided with a group of second fixing blocks;

[0013] A set of third fixing blocks is provided at a position of the fixing plate close to one side of the sliding groove;

[0014] One end of the first movable rod and the second movable rod are respectively connected to a group of the first fixing blocks;

[0015] The other ends of the first movable rod and the second movable rod are respectively connected to a group of the third fixing blocks;

[0016] One end of the third movable rod and the fourth movable rod are respectively connected to a group of the second fixing blocks;

[0017] The other ends of the third movable rod and the fourth movable rod are respectively connected to a group of the third fixing blocks;

[0018] A second gear is provided at the bottom of the second movable rod, and a third gear is provided at the bottom of the third movable rod, and the second gear is meshed with the third gear;

[0019] A movable plate pull rod is provided on one side of the first movable rod;

[0020] The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the barrel;

[0021] An opening and closing device protective shell is provided at the bottom of the inner barrel, and a protective shell opening is provided at the center of the opening and closing device protective shell;

[0022] The opening and closing device protective shell is provided with a first opening on one side close to the pull rod protective shell, and an opening protective shell is provided outside the first opening;

[0023] A protective shell opening is provided at the bottom of the opening and closing device protective shell, and the protective shell opening is consistent in size with the third opening and the second opening, and the interior of the opening and closing device protective shell is a hollow structure.

[0024] Preferably, a sliding opening is provided at the top of the perforated protective shell, and one end of the movable plate pull rod passes through the sliding opening and extends to the outside of the interlayer.

[0025] Preferably, a spherical handle is provided on the top of the movable plate pull rod.

[0026] Preferably, the top of the interlayer formed between the barrel body and the tie rod protective shell is closed, the tie rod protective shell is provided with a tie rod movable opening at one end close to the movable plate tie rod, and a marking line is provided on the tie rod protective shell.

[0027] Preferably, the side of the fixing plate not provided with the slide groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner barrel, and the third opening is consistent in size with the second opening.

[0028] Preferably, pull rods are provided on the tops of the inner barrel and the outer barrel.

[0029] Preferably, an inserted iron sheet is provided at the bottom of the protective shell of the opening and closing device.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom end of the fixed iron sheet, and both sides of the first slide plate and the second slide plate are all blade-shaped.

[0031] Preferably, the pull rod movable opening is symmetrically provided with pull rod fixing rods at both ends, and the pull rod fixing rods are provided with fixing straps.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the invention: The invention provides a simple soil lysimeter, and the device has a split structure design, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. The device is detachable and modularized through the nesting design of the outer barrel and the inner barrel. The outer barrel provides a stable external support, and the inner barrel is used to hold soil samples. The combination of the two can ensure the stability of the overall structure and is convenient for disassembly, cleaning and maintenance.

[0033] The protective shell of the opening and closing device is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner barrel to protect the internal mechanical structure from soil particles and extend the service life of the device. The opening and closing device realizes the precise opening and closing of the bottom opening through the mechanical transmission of the slide, slide plate, and linkage movable rod. The gear meshing design of the second gear and the third gear ensures the synchronous movement of the slide plate to avoid leakage or blockage during the collection process of the leaked liquid.

[0034] The design of the movable plate pull rod and the spherical handle makes the operation easy. The bottom opening state can be controlled by pulling the pull rod without complicated tools. The blade-like edge design of the fixed iron sheet and the slide plate can reduce the resistance when inserted into the soil, reduce the damage to the original soil structure, and ensure the reliability of the experimental data. The sandwich formed by the inner barrel and the pull rod protective shell isolates the operating parts and the soil sample, avoiding the interference of mechanical movement on the soil moisture distribution.

[0035] The hollow structure of the protective shell of the opening and closing device and the alignment of the opening of the protective shell with the bottom opening ensure the smooth outflow of the leaking liquid while preventing soil particles from entering the mechanical parts. The movable opening of the pull rod is equipped with a fixed strap to fix the position of the movable plate pull rod to prevent accidental opening or closing. The marking line design can assist in monitoring soil settlement or moisture changes, which is convenient for expanding the application to soil research at different depths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an outer barrel of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an inner barrel of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4A simple soil lysimeter according to the present invention Figure 3 A local schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the interlayer of the inner barrel of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a protective shell of an opening and closing device of a simple soil lysimeter according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the layers of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a pull rod of a movable plate of a simple soil lysimeter according to the present invention extending;

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a simplified soil lysimeter opening and closing device of the present invention being fully opened;

[0045] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a half-open opening and closing device of a simple soil lysimeter of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a fully closed opening and closing device of a simple soil lysimeter according to the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 It is a side schematic diagram of a simple soil lysimeter opening and closing device of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a simple soil lysimeter with an outer barrel and an inner barrel combined and a flap closed;

[0049] Fig.14 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a simplified soil lysimeter with an outer barrel and an inner barrel combined and a flap opened.

[0050] In the figure:

[0051] Outer barrel 1, fixed iron sheet 101;

[0052] Inner barrel 2, barrel body 201, pull rod protection shell 202, interlayer 203, pull rod movable opening 204, pull rod fixing rod 205, fixing strap 206;

[0053] Opening and closing device 3, fixed plate 301, third opening 302, sliding groove 303, first slide plate 304, second slide plate 305, first fixed block 306, second fixed block 307, third fixed block 308, first movable rod 309, second movable rod 310, third movable rod 311, fourth movable rod 312, second gear 313, third gear 314, movable plate pull rod 315, spherical handle 316;

[0054] The pull rod 4 , the opening and closing device protective shell 5 , the protective shell opening 501 , the first opening 502 , the opening protective shell 503 , and the sliding opening 504 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solution of the present invention is now clearly and completely described in the form of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Embodiment 1:

[0057] like Figure 1-14 As shown, in this embodiment Figure 1-14 The present invention is a simple soil lysimeter, comprising an outer barrel 1, an inner barrel 2 sleeved in the outer barrel 1, an opening and closing device 3 and an opening and closing device protective shell 5 mounted at the bottom of the inner barrel 2, wherein:

[0058] The bottom of the outer barrel 1 is provided with a fixed iron sheet 101;

[0059] The inner barrel 2 includes a barrel body 201 and a pull rod protection shell 202 fixedly connected to the barrel body 201, and a second opening 204 is provided at the bottom of the barrel body 201;

[0060] An interlayer 203 is formed between the barrel body 201 and the pull rod protection shell 202;

[0061] The opening and closing device 3 includes a fixed plate 301, a first movable rod 309, a second movable rod 310, a third movable rod 311 and a fourth movable rod 312;

[0062] A third opening 302 is provided in the middle of the fixing plate 301, and the position of the third opening 302 corresponds to the second opening 204;

[0063] A pair of slide grooves 303 are symmetrically arranged on the fixed plate 301, and a first slide plate 304 and a second slide plate 305 are installed in the pair of slide grooves 303;

[0064] A group of first fixing blocks 306 are provided on the first slide plate 304, and a group of second fixing blocks 307 are provided on the second slide plate 305;

[0065] A set of third fixing blocks 308 is provided near the sliding groove 303 on one side of the fixing plate 301;

[0066] One end of the first movable rod 309 and the second movable rod 310 are respectively connected to a group of the first fixing blocks 306;

[0067] The other ends of the first movable rod 309 and the second movable rod 310 are respectively connected to a group of the third fixing blocks 308;

[0068] One end of the third movable rod 311 and the fourth movable rod 312 are respectively connected to a group of the second fixing blocks 307;

[0069] The other ends of the third movable rod 311 and the fourth movable rod 312 are respectively connected to a set of the third fixing blocks 308;

[0070] A second gear 313 is provided at the bottom of the second movable rod 310, and a third gear 314 is provided at the bottom of the third movable rod 311, and the second gear 313 and the third gear 314 are meshed;

[0071] A movable plate pull rod 315 is provided on one side of the first movable rod 309;

[0072] The fixing plate 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the barrel body 201;

[0073] An opening and closing device protective shell 5 is provided at the bottom of the inner barrel 2, and a protective shell opening is provided at the center of the opening and closing device protective shell 5;

[0074] The opening and closing device protection shell 5 is provided with a first opening 502 on one side close to the pull rod protection shell 202, and an opening protection shell 503 is provided outside the first opening 502;

[0075] A protective shell opening 501 is provided at the bottom of the opening and closing device protective shell 5 . The protective shell opening 501 is consistent in size with the third opening 302 and the second opening 204 . The interior of the opening and closing device protective shell 5 is a hollow structure.

[0076] Embodiment 2:

[0077] like Figure 1-14 As shown, in this embodiment Figure 1-14 A simple soil lysimeter according to the present invention;

[0078] A sliding opening 504 is formed on the top of the perforated protective shell 503 , and one end of the movable plate pull rod 315 passes through the sliding opening 504 and extends to the outside of the interlayer 203 .

[0079] A spherical handle 316 is provided on the top of the movable plate pull rod 315 .

[0080] The interlayer 203 formed between the barrel body 201 and the rod protection shell 202 is closed at the top, and the rod protection shell 202 is provided with a rod movable opening 204 at one end close to the movable plate rod 315, and a marking line is provided on the rod protection shell 202.

[0081] The side of the fixing plate 301 where the sliding groove 303 is not provided is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner barrel 2 , and the third opening 302 is the same size as the second opening 204 .

[0082] A pull rod 4 is provided on the top of the inner barrel 2 and the outer barrel 1 .

[0083] An inserted iron sheet is provided at the bottom of the opening and closing device protective shell 5.

[0084] The bottom end of the fixed iron sheet 101 and both sides of the first slide plate 304 and the second slide plate 305 are all blade-shaped.

[0085] The pull rod movable opening 204 is symmetrically provided with pull rod fixing rods 205 at both ends, and the pull rod fixing rods are provided with fixing straps 206.

[0086] The opening and closing device 3 of the present device is used as follows: the second gear 313 and the third gear 314 form an incomplete gear mechanism. When the movable plate pull rod 315 moves left and right, it drives the first movable rod 309 and the second movable rod 310 to move, thereby driving the first slide plate 304 to slide in the slide groove 303;

[0087] At the same time, the second gear 313 drives the third gear 314 to rotate, so that the third movable rod 311 and the fourth movable rod 312 drive the second slide plate 305 to slide in the slide groove 303 to complete the opening and closing movement;

[0088] The interior of the slide groove 303 is relatively wide, so as to facilitate the first slide plate 304 and the second slide plate 305 to complete the opening and closing movement.

[0089] When the device is used, first determine a piece of land to be taken and insert the outer barrel 1 into the land. After confirming that the insertion is stable, adjust the opening and closing device 3 at the bottom of the inner barrel 2 to confirm that the opening and closing device 3 is in the open state. At this time, fix the movable plate pull rod 315 to the right pull rod fixing rod 205 through the fixing strap 206. Then insert the inner barrel 2 into the outer barrel 1. Confirm that the marking line on the pull rod protection shell 202 is immersed in the outer barrel 1 to complete the operation.

[0090] When soil needs to be taken, the movable plate pull rod 315 only needs to be moved to the other side, fixed to the right pull rod fixing rod 205 using the fixing strap 206, and then lifted by the handle 4 to complete the operation;

[0091] When the soil needs to be evaporated in the ground, it is only necessary to put the inner barrel 2 into the outer barrel 1 and then open the opening and closing device 3 .

[0092] It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only partial embodiments of the present invention, rather than all implementations of the present invention, and the embodiments are only exemplary, and their role is only to provide a more intuitive and clear way to understand the content of the present invention, rather than to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, all other implementation methods that can be thought of by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work, and other simple replacements and various changes to the technical solutions of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple soil lysimeter, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer barrel (1), an inner barrel (2) sleeved in the outer barrel (1), an opening and closing device (3) mounted on the bottom of the inner barrel (2), and an opening and closing device protective shell (5), wherein: The bottom of the outer barrel (1) is provided with a fixed iron sheet (101); The inner barrel (2) comprises a barrel body (201) and a pull rod protection shell (202) fixedly connected to the barrel body (201), and a second opening (204) is provided at the bottom of the barrel body (201); An interlayer (203) is formed between the barrel body (201) and the pull rod protection shell (202); The opening and closing device (3) comprises a fixed plate (301), a first movable rod (309), a second movable rod (310), a third movable rod (311) and a fourth movable rod (312); A third opening (302) is provided in the middle of the fixing plate (301), and the position of the third opening (302) corresponds to the second opening (204); A pair of slide grooves (303) are symmetrically arranged on the fixed plate (301), and a first slide plate (304) and a second slide plate (305) are installed in the pair of slide grooves (303); A group of first fixing blocks (306) is provided on the first slide plate (304), and a group of second fixing blocks (307) is provided on the second slide plate (305); The fixing plate (301) is provided with a group of third fixing blocks (308) near the sliding groove (303) on one side; One end of the first movable rod (309) and one end of the second movable rod (310) are respectively connected to a group of the first fixing blocks (306); The other ends of the first movable rod (309) and the second movable rod (310) are respectively connected to a group of the third fixing blocks (308); One end of the third movable rod (311) and the fourth movable rod (312) are respectively connected to a group of the second fixing blocks (307); The other ends of the third movable rod (311) and the fourth movable rod (312) are respectively connected to a group of the third fixed blocks (308); A second gear (313) is provided at the bottom of the second movable rod (310), and a third gear (314) is provided at the bottom of the third movable rod (311), and the second gear (313) and the third gear (314) are meshed; A movable plate pull rod (315) is provided on one side of the first movable rod (309); The fixing plate (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the barrel body (201); An opening and closing device protective shell (5) is provided at the bottom of the inner barrel (2), and a protective shell opening is provided at the center of the opening and closing device protective shell (5); The opening and closing device protective shell (5) is provided with a first opening (502) on one side close to the pull rod protective shell (202), and an opening protective shell (503) is provided outside the first opening (502); A protective shell opening (501) is provided at the bottom of the opening and closing device protective shell (5); the protective shell opening (501) is of the same size as the third opening (302) and the second opening (204); and the interior of the opening and closing device protective shell (5) is a hollow structure.

2. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the perforated protective shell (503) is provided with a sliding opening (504), and one end of the movable plate pull rod (315) passes through the sliding opening (504) and extends to the outside of the interlayer (203).

3. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A spherical handle (316) is provided on the top of the movable plate pull rod (315).

4. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The interlayer (203) formed between the barrel body (201) and the rod protection shell (202) is closed at the top, and a rod movable opening (204) is provided at one end of the rod protection shell (202) close to the movable plate rod (315), and a marking line is provided on the rod protection shell (202).

5. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the fixed plate (301) not provided with the slide groove (303) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner barrel (2), and the third opening (302) is of the same size as the second opening (204).

6. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the inner barrel (2) and the outer barrel (1) are both provided with pull rods (4).

7. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An inserted iron sheet is provided at the bottom of the opening and closing device protective shell (5).

8. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the fixed iron sheet (101), as well as both sides of the first slide plate (304) and the second slide plate (305) are all blade-shaped.

9. A simple soil lysimeter as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The pull rod movable opening (204) is symmetrically provided with pull rod fixing rods (205) at both ends, and the pull rod fixing rods are provided with fixing straps (206).

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