Shaftless magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage system based on Halbach array structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaftless magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure. The system mainly comprises a magnetic suspension device, an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure, a motor stator, a motor driving controller, a rectification filtering device, a vacuum chamber, a box body and the like. The magnetic levitation device is fixed at the bottom of the box body, the flywheel rotor is placed in a vacuum chamber above the magnetic levitation device, the motor stator is fixed at a proper air gap above the flywheel rotor through the screw rod, and bidirectional energy conversion is realized by combining the control of the motor driving controller and the rectifying and filtering device. The axial motor is adopted, a motor rotating shaft of a traditional flywheel energy storage system is removed, cost is reduced, and deviation and vibration of the motor rotating shaft are avoided. Meanwhile, the system adopts an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on a Halbach array structure, and the energy conversion efficiency of the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage system is improved by utilizing the unilateral magnetic field enhancement characteristic of the Halbach array structure and the controllability of magnetic field distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to a shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of green and low-carbon new energy industries, energy storage technology faces greater demands and challenges. Among them, flywheel energy storage complements other technologies in the field of energy storage with its unique physical properties. Compared with pumped storage that relies on chemical batteries or requires geographical conditions, the flywheel energy storage system achieves energy storage through the kinetic energy of the high-speed rotating flywheel, has nearly instantaneous response capabilities and nearly unlimited cycle life, and the operation process is pollution-free, which is particularly suitable for responding to high-frequency power fluctuations from seconds to minutes. However, its short energy storage time and low energy storage efficiency per unit volume determine that it is difficult to replace the role of batteries or pumped storage in long-term energy storage scenarios. Compared with similar power storage technologies such as supercapacitors, flywheels have more advantages in energy retention and system life, but are limited by higher manufacturing costs and space requirements. Although flywheel energy storage has some defects, it is still a representative of clean and efficient new energy storage technology.

[0003] Conventional flywheel energy storage systems have some defects, including: using shafts or bearings to support the flywheel rotor, which inevitably causes friction and reduces the flywheel speed and energy conversion efficiency. In addition, traditional flywheels are mostly made of steel or aluminum alloy, which has low material strength, resulting in heavy and low density flywheels. At the same time, there are also problems such as large size and difficult installation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high construction cost, complex structure and energy conversion loss caused by vibration and instability during high-speed rotation of flywheel energy storage systems. A shaftless design and an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on a Halbach array structure are adopted to design a shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure, comprising: A magnetic levitation device generates a controllable magnetic field at the bottom of the flywheel rotor by using superconducting magnetic levitation (or electromagnetic suspension, or a hybrid magnetic levitation of permanent magnet, electromagnetic, and superconducting magnetic levitation), providing the necessary levitation force for the flywheel rotor. Place the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure in the vacuum chamber above the magnetic levitation device. The powerful and stable levitation force provided by the magnetic levitation device enables the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure to achieve efficient, stable, and contactless levitation, eliminating the factor of mechanical friction interference on the flywheel rotor. The motor stator is fixed and suspended above the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure through a screw connected to the crossbeam of the box body, and maintains an appropriate distance. Apply three-phase power to the motor stator through the motor drive controller to form a rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure to form a continuous rotating torque, enabling the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure to rotate at high speed and convert electrical energy into kinetic energy for storage. After reaching the set speed, the motor drive controller can be disconnected to stop the input of electrical energy. When the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system needs to output electrical energy, use Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction to convert the kinetic energy stored in the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system into electrical energy, and output it through a rectifier filter circuit.

[0007] Adopt the shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure described in the present invention. The magnetic levitation device and the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure are in a magnetic levitation state. At the same time, the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor of the Halbach array structure is in the vacuum chamber, greatly eliminating the energy loss caused by mechanical friction and air resistance of the flywheel rotor. This system adopts a ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure and a shaftless design, which simplifies the system structure, reduces the construction cost, and improves the operation reliability of the system, providing a feasible solution for the future research of magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage systems.

[0008] Preferably, the suspension device can be a superconducting magnetic levitation device. Utilize the Meissner effect of superconductors (such as ReBCO materials), that is, perfect diamagnetism, to form a powerful and self-stable levitation force. At the same time, the superconducting magnetic levitation device has the advantages of not requiring continuous power supply to maintain levitation and contactless stability, and is more advantageous in terms of energy efficiency and stability.

[0009] Preferably, the motor stator winding (or the form of PCB motor stator winding) can be a multi-turn superconducting winding. Utilize the zero-resistance characteristic of superconductors to increase the current-carrying capacity of the winding and improve the motor efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the motor stator winding should be placed at the end with the strongest magnetic field in the vertical direction of the ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure to ensure that a large electromagnetic force can be provided, thereby meeting the requirements of high-speed rotation of the flywheel rotor.

[0011] Preferably, the motor stator fixing assembly is capable of fixing the motor stator, and the motor stator fixing assembly is fixed to the housing with screws to ensure that the motor stator can be stably arranged above the flywheel rotor of the annular Halbach array structure, and the air gap between the motor stator and the flywheel rotor can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure can be made of carbon fiber composite material to meet the structural strength requirements of the flywheel rotor for high-speed rotation.

[0013] Preferably, the flywheel rotor is placed in a transparent vacuum device to reduce energy conversion losses caused by air resistance, while the operating status of the flywheel rotor can be observed.

[0014] Preferably, the electric energy output circuit may use a rectifier and filter device to convert the mechanical energy of the magnetic levitation flywheel rotor into stable and reliable electric energy.

[0015] Preferably, the energy input can be consumed by distributed new energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: using the shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure described in the present invention, the magnetic levitation device and the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure are in a magnetic levitation state, and at the same time, the annular shaftless flywheel rotor of the Halbach array structure is in a vacuum chamber, which greatly eliminates the energy loss of the flywheel rotor caused by mechanical friction and air resistance. This system adopts an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure, and adopts a shaftless design, which greatly simplifies the system structure, reduces the construction cost, and improves the system operation reliability, providing a feasible solution for future research on magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and following detailed descriptions of the present invention will become clearer when read in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the motor in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the motor stator and the motor stator annular fixing member in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on a Halbach array structure in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the flywheel rotor and the motor stator in the present invention;

[0023] Markings in the figure: 1. Magnetic levitation device; 2. Ring-shaped shaftless flywheel rotor based on Halbach array structure; 3. Motor stator; 4. Motor drive controller; 5. Rectification and filtering device; 6. Crossbeam; 7. Screw; 8. Motor stator ring fixing; 9. Vacuum chamber; 10. Box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Example

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure described in the present invention includes: a magnetic levitation device, an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure, a motor stator, a motor stator fixing assembly, a motor drive controller, a rectifier and filter device, a vacuum chamber, and a box.

[0027] A shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure includes: a magnetic levitation device uses superconducting magnetic levitation (or electromagnetic levitation, or a hybrid magnetic levitation of permanent magnet, electromagnetic, and superconducting magnetic levitation) to generate a controllable magnetic field at the bottom of the flywheel rotor to provide the necessary suspension force for the flywheel rotor. The annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure is placed in a vacuum chamber above the magnetic levitation device. The strong and stable suspension force provided by the magnetic levitation device can enable the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure to achieve efficient, stable, and contactless suspension, eliminating the factors of mechanical friction interference on the flywheel rotor. The motor stator is fixedly suspended above the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure through a screw connected to the crossbeam of the box body, and maintains an appropriate distance. The motor drive controller supplies three-phase power to the motor stator to form a rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field and the magnetic field of the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure periodically attract or repel each other to form a continuous rotating torque, so that the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure can rotate at high speed and convert electrical energy into kinetic energy for storage. After reaching the set speed, the motor drive controller can be disconnected to stop the input of electrical energy. When the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system needs to output electrical energy, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction is used to convert the kinetic energy stored in the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system into electrical energy and output it through the rectifier and filter circuit.

[0028] The invention adopts a shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure, in which the magnetic levitation device and the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure are in a magnetic levitation state, and the annular shaftless flywheel rotor of the Halbach array structure is in a vacuum chamber, which greatly eliminates the energy loss of the flywheel rotor caused by mechanical friction and air resistance. This system adopts an annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure and adopts a shaftless design, which greatly simplifies the system structure, reduces the construction cost, and improves the system operation reliability, providing a feasible solution for future research on magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage systems.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure, characterized in that include: A magnetic levitation device (1), an annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) based on a Halbach array structure, a motor stator (3), a motor drive controller (4), a rectifier filter device (5), a crossbeam (6), a screw (7), a motor stator annular fixing member (8), a vacuum chamber (9), and a box (10); the magnetic levitation device (1) is fixed at the bottom of the box (10); the magnetic levitation device (1) provides the required buoyancy for the annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) based on the Halbach array structure; the annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) based on the Halbach array structure is vertically placed in the vacuum chamber (9) above the magnetic levitation device (1) to provide the necessary strong magnetic field for flywheel energy storage and power generation; the crossbeam (6) is connected by a screw (7); the other end of the screw (7) is connected to the motor stator annular fixing member (9) and is vertically placed at an appropriate gap above the annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) based on the Halbach array structure; and the distance between the flywheel rotor and the motor stator can be adjusted by the screw (7); The electric energy is input to the motor stator (3) through the motor drive controller (4), generating a rotating magnetic field, interacting with the annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) of the Halbach array structure, causing the flywheel rotor to rotate at a high speed, converting the electric energy into kinetic energy of the magnetic levitation flywheel and storing it therein. When the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system needs to output electric energy, the motor drive controller (4) is turned off, and the kinetic energy stored in the magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system is converted into electric energy for output through the rectifier and filter device (5).

2. According to claim 1, a shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on a Halbach array structure is characterized in that: The energy storage system uses a Halbach array structure as a flywheel rotor. The annular Halbach array structure (2) is composed of 12 permanent magnets with a magnetization angle of 90°. A magnetic levitation component is integrated in the center of the Halbach array structure to ensure that the flywheel rotor of the Halbach array structure can be stably suspended.

3. The shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor stator disk is made of soft magnetic composite material. A total of 3n multi-turn windings are placed on the front of the motor stator (3). The windings are divided into three groups according to the cross combination and connected through the center point. The three phases U, V and W are then led out from the three groups of windings and connected to the motor drive controller (4).

4. The shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A crossbeam structure is designed on the top of the box body, and screw holes of appropriate sizes are processed at appropriate positions on the crossbeam (6). A circular ring structure is designed on the motor stator disk, and corresponding screw holes are processed. One end of the screw is connected to the crossbeam (6), and the other end is connected to the motor stator annular fixing member (8), thereby ensuring that the motor stator can be stably suspended at an appropriate gap above the flywheel rotor and maintain an appropriate distance. At the same time, the distance between the flywheel rotor and the motor stator can be adjusted by the screw (6).

5. The shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Since the strong magnetic field generated by the annular shaftless flywheel rotor (2) of the Halbach array structure interacts with the magnetic field generated by the energized winding on the motor stator (3), a continuous rotation torque is formed, so that the annular shaftless flywheel rotor based on the Halbach array structure can rotate at a high speed and convert electrical energy into kinetic energy for storage.

6. The shaftless magnetic levitation flywheel energy storage system based on the Halbach array structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic levitation device (1) installed at the bottom of the box is replaced by superconducting magnetic levitation, or electromagnetic suspension, or a hybrid magnetic levitation of permanent magnet, electromagnetic and superconducting magnetic levitation.

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