Population expansion landscape pattern recovery method of seed package probe technology of mudflat wetland

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a population extension landscape pattern recovery method of a seed package probe technology of a mud flat wetland. The method comprises the following steps: 1) seed pretreatment; 2) setting germination environment parameters: a) setting different water levels, and b) setting different silt burying depths; (3) evaluating the germination condition of the seeds: acquiring germination environment parameters according to the culture result of the seeds in the step (2a) or the step (2b); 4) manufacturing different types of seed bag probes; and 5) according to the water and sand special points of the mud flat, in combination with the optimal environmental parameters, sowing the seed bag probes into the mud flat wetland in a landscape population expansion mode, thereby achieving the vegetation recovery of the coastal mud flat. According to the method, on the basis of the water and salt conditions and sediment transportation characteristics of the tidal flat wetland, by determining the optimal moisture and sediment burying conditions and establishing the seed bag probe according to gravity characteristics, the seed germination rate is increased, the plant survival rate is increased, coastal tidal flat vegetation restoration is promoted, and the natural ecological restoration target of the tidal flat wetland landscape through the unmanned aerial vehicle is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coastal environmental protection and ecological engineering, and particularly relates to a method for restoring a seed packet probe of a tidal flat wetland. Background Art

[0002] Coastal tidal flat salt marsh wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. Their ecosystem functions provide rich products and services for humans and have very high ecological and economic value. In recent years, the increasingly intensive development and utilization activities of coastal wetlands have significantly changed the natural evolution law of coastal tidal flats. The increasing number of reclamation areas, ports, roads, wind farms, and industrial parks have gradually fragmented the coastal natural wetlands, making the original ecosystem and natural balance mechanism no longer exist, destroying the natural ecological environment for the habitat, foraging, and reproduction of coastal organisms, seriously affecting the natural succession of animals and plants, resulting in a gradual reduction in coastal biodiversity and a rapid reduction in coastal wetland resources. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand coastal wetland resources and restore the ecological environment of tidal flats to facilitate the sustainable utilization of wetland ecosystems.

[0003] In order to improve the ecological environment of coastal tidal flat vegetation, after Spartina alterniflora is removed, how to restore native species is related to the evaluation of the ecological consequences after the removal of invasive alien seeds. At present, regarding how to restore native seeds in the intertidal zone, such as the ecological responses of seeds such as Suaeda salsa to different salinities, water levels, and sediment burial and the restoration of the landscape, the existing technology is very scarce and worthy of in-depth study. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology and research, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for restoring a seed microbial seed packet probe of a tidal flat wetland, which can promote the seed germination rate, improve the plant survival rate, promote vegetation restoration, and achieve the goal of natural ecological restoration of tidal flat wetlands.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for restoring the population expansion landscape pattern of a seed packet probe technology for tidal flat wetlands, and the steps are as follows:

[0006] 6) Seed pretreatment;

[0007] 7) Set germination environment parameters:

[0008] a) Set the water level: Treat the pretreated seeds in step 1) with a nutrient solution again, fix the seeds in a container with river sand, set the water depth, and supplement with distilled water to maintain the water depth;

[0009] b) Set the sediment burial depth: Treat the pretreated seeds in step 1) with a nutrient solution again, bury the seeds in a container with washed river sand to set the burial depth, and seal with a PE film to keep the salt concentration unchanged;

[0010] 8) Evaluate the seed germination status: According to the cultivation results of the seeds described in step 2a) or step 2b), obtain the optimal germination environment parameters;

[0011] 9) Make a seed packet probe: In combination with the optimal germination environment parameters, add a microbial regulator to regulate the population, load seeds with different formulations into the seed packet, and make seed packets with different shapes by 3D printing or molds and combine with the mass of the iron needle to make a gravity-type environment-sensing seed packet probe;

[0012] 10) According to the water and sediment characteristics of the tidal flat wetland, sow the made seed packet probes into the tidal flat wetland in combination with the optimal germination environment parameters obtained in step 3) to form different population expansion patterns, and then achieve the vegetation restoration of the coastal tidal flat.

[0013] Further, the seeds are selected from one of the seeds of Suaeda salsa, Spartina alterniflora, and Scirpus mariqueter.

[0014] Further, the pretreatment in step 1) includes collecting, sorting, storing, and disinfecting the seeds; the collected seeds are the seeds collected in November of the previous year, and sorting and storing refer to selecting mature, plump, and uniform in size and shape, and intact seed coats for sorting, screening, packaging in paper bags, and finally storing in a refrigerator at 3-5°C; disinfecting the seeds is to disinfect the seeds with 0.1-0.8% potassium permanganate for 5-15 minutes.

[0015] Further, the nutrient solution is a 0-1% NaCl solution prepared with Hoagland nutrient solution with a mass ratio of 15-25%; preferably: the nutrient solution described in step 2a) is a 0.5% NaCl solution prepared with Hoagland nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution described in step 2b) is only Hoagland nutrient solution.

[0016] Further, in step 2a), the water depth range is set to 0-20 cm;

[0017] In step 2b), the burial depth range is set to 0-2 cm.

[0018] Further, the microbial regulator in step 3) includes Bacillus, Azospirillum, and Streptomyces; a degradable material can also be added to the microbial regulator, and preferably the degradable materials include powdered and spherical biochar.

[0019] Further, the gravity formed by the mass of the iron needle is greater than the buoyancy of the water in the area to be sown.

[0020] Further, the seed packet probe is selected from one of a nutrient-type seed packet probe, a microbial-type seed packet probe, and a simple seed packet probe.

[0021] Further, the microbial seed package probe includes water, a microbial regulator containing a degradable material, seeds, and iron needles; wherein the weight ratio of water, the microbial regulator containing a degradable material, and seeds is as follows: water: the microbial regulator containing a degradable material: seeds is (1-5):(32-44):(51-67). Among them, the mass ratio of the degradable material to the microbial regulator in the microbial regulator containing a degradable material is 3:1, and the mass of the iron needle is 15-30 grams.

[0022] Further, in step 5), the population expansion mode is selected from one or a combination of the following: double-seed surface development mode, circular seed surface development mode, circular fortress-type seed surface development mode, and circular surrounded fortress-type seed surface development mode.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The method of the present invention is mainly based on the germination characteristics of Suaeda salsa seeds, Spartina alterniflora seeds, and Scirpus mariqueter in tidal flat wetlands, combined with the actual water and salt conditions. Through seed collection and pretreatment, different water level heights and sediment burial depths are set, combined with microbial regulators, to evaluate the seed germination status, clarify the optimal water level height and sediment burial depth for the germination of typical tidal flat wetland plant seeds. Through landscape planning and the regulation of microbial agents, the seed germination rate is promoted, the plant survival rate is increased, and the landscape expansion of the population is promoted, providing a more natural condition-based technical reference for the restoration of tidal flat wetland vegetation and achieving the goal of natural ecological restoration of tidal flat wetlands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method step flow of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Effect of water level on the germination rate of Suaeda salsa seeds and Spartina alterniflora seeds;

[0027] Figure 3 Effect of sand burial depth on the germination of Suaeda salsa seeds and Spartina alterniflora seeds;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the shape of the seed package probe;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the population expansion mode;

[0030] Figure 6 Spatial distribution of the growth suitability of Suaeda salsa;

[0031] Figure 7 Germination rate of the microbial seed package probe;

[0032] Figure 8 Vitality index of the seed population under different landscape treatment modes;

[0033] Figure 9 Nutritional seed packet probe germination rate;

[0034] Figure 10 Simple seed packet probe germination rate;

[0035] Figure 11 Seed germination index under different salinity treatments.

[0036] Specific implementation manners

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below. However, it should be understood that the description herein is only used to explain the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the description of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The reagents and instruments used herein are all commercially available, and the characterization means involved can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0039] To further understand this application, the following further detailed description of this application will be made in combination with the best embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This example provides a method for restoring microbial seed packet probes in tidal flat wetlands, and the steps are as follows: Figure 1 as shown:

[0042] 1) Seed pretreatment;

[0043] 2) Set germination environment parameters:

[0044] a) Set the water level: Treat the seeds pretreated in step 1) with nutrient solution again, fix the seeds in a container with river sand, set the water depth, and supplement with distilled water to maintain the water depth;

[0045] b) Set the sediment burial depth: Treat the seeds pretreated in step 1) with nutrient solution again, bury the seeds in a container with washed river sand, set the burial depth, and seal with a PE film to keep each concentration unchanged;

[0046] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: According to the cultivation results of the seeds described in step 2a) or step 2b), obtain the optimal germination environment parameters; Provide the environmental parameters for field release of the seed packet probe based on the water depth tolerance and burial depth.

[0047] 4) Fabricate the seed packet probes: In combination with the optimal germination environment parameters, add microbial regulators such as Bacillus to regulate the population, and load the seeds in different formulations into the seed packets. The seed packet probes mainly use 3D printing or molds to fabricate packaging bags of different shapes and are equipped with iron needles of different masses to form gravity-type probes for sensing the environment.

[0048] 5) Use drones to sow the fabricated seed packet probes according to the compiled landscape aerial seeding plan, select suitable sediment and tidal inundation depth as the seeding sites based on the optimal field release environment parameters, and sow the seed packet probes into the tidal flat wetland to form different population expansion patterns.

[0049] As a further preferred embodiment, the seeds include one of Suaeda salsa seeds, Spartina alterniflora seeds, and Scirpus mariqueter.

[0050] For the preferred treatment, the pretreatment in step 1) includes collecting, sorting, storing, and disinfecting the seeds.

[0051] The collected seeds are the seeds collected in November of the previous year. Sorting and storing refer to selecting mature, plump, and uniformly sized and shaped seeds with intact seed coats for sorting, screening, packaging in paper bags, and finally storing in a 4°C refrigerator.

[0052] Disinfecting the seeds is to disinfect the seeds with 0.1 - 0.8% potassium permanganate for 5 - 15 minutes. For the preferred treatment, disinfecting the seeds is to disinfect the seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 10 minutes.

[0053] As a further preferred embodiment, in step 2), the seeds germinate in an intelligent artificial climate chamber, with the light set at 12 h / d, the temperature at 25°C (day) / 15°C (night), and the humidity at 70% - 80%.

[0054] As a further preferred embodiment, the nutrient solution is a Hoagland nutrient solution with a mass ratio of 15 - 25% configured with a 0 - 1% NaCl solution.

[0055] For example, the concentration of the Hoagland nutrient solution is selected from 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20% or any value between any two values.

[0056] For example, the concentration of the NaCl solution is selected from 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1% or any value between any two values.

[0057] As a further preferred embodiment, in step 3), the water depth range is set to 0 - 20 cm, such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 cm or any value between any two values.

[0058] Preferably, in step 2), the seeds are treated with a 0.5% NaCl solution prepared with Hoagland nutrient solution. The seeds are fixed at the bottom of a glass bottle (diameter 12 cm, height 35 cm) with river sand. Different water depths are set, namely 0 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm, and the water depth is maintained by supplementing with distilled water.

[0059] As a further preferred embodiment, in step 4), the burial depth range is set to 0 - 2 cm, such as 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0 cm or any value between any two values.

[0060] Preferably, in step 3), the seeds are only treated with Hoagland nutrient solution. The seeds are buried with washed fine sand in a petri dish (diameter 10 cm). Four burial depths of 0 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm are set, and sealed with a PE film to keep the salt concentration of each treatment unchanged, and germination is carried out in an intelligent artificial climate chamber.

[0061] As a further preferred embodiment, the microbial regulator in step 3) includes Bacillus, Azospirillum, and Streptomyces.

[0062] Preferably, in step 3), the germination status of the seeds is specifically evaluated: After adding the microbial regulator and culturing in an artificial climate chamber for ten days of germination, the seeds are taken out, the seedling length, radicle length, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight are measured, and the seed germination rate, germination index, average germination days, and vigor index are calculated. The evaluation indices used are:

[0063] Seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%;

[0064] Average germination days GV = ∑(Gt·Dt) / ∑Gt;

[0065] Vigor index Vi = S × Gi.

[0066] In the formula, Gt is the number of germinated seeds on the t-th day, Dt is the corresponding germination days, and S is the seedling fresh weight, where the germination of the seeds is marked by the emergence of the radicle.

[0067] As a further preferred embodiment, a degradable material may be added to the microbial regulator. Preferably, the degradable material includes powdered and spherical biochar.

[0068] As a further preferred embodiment, the gravity formed by the mass of the iron needle is greater than the buoyancy of water in the area to be sown.

[0069] As a further preferred embodiment, the seed package probe is selected from one of a nutrient-type seed package probe, a microbial-type seed package probe, and a simple seed package probe.

[0070] Nutrient-type seed package probe: Seeds such as Suaeda salsa are mixed with biochar powder and directly placed into a packaging bag containing iron nails to form a nutrient-type seed package probe.

[0071] In the nutrient-type seed package probe, the weight ratio of the seeds to the biochar powder is: seeds 55 - 65%, biochar powder 45 - 35%.

[0072] Simple seed package probe: Seeds such as Suaeda salsa are directly placed into a packaging bag containing iron nails to form a simple seed package probe.

[0073] Microbial-type seed package probe: Seeds are mixed with a microbial regulator of a degradable material and placed into a packaging bag containing iron nails to form a microbial-type seed package probe.

[0074] As a further preferred embodiment, the microbial-type seed package probe includes water, a microbial regulator containing a degradable material, seeds, and an iron needle; among them, the weight ratio of water, the microbial regulator containing a degradable material, and seeds is: namely, water: the microbial regulator containing a degradable material: seeds is (1 - 5):(32 - 44):(51 - 67), where the mass ratio of the degradable material to the microbial regulator in the microbial regulator containing a degradable material is 3:1, and the mass of the iron needle is 15 - 30 grams;

[0075] Preferably, by weight ratio: water 2%, the microbial regulator containing a degradable material 38%, Suaeda salsa seeds or Spartina alterniflora seeds 60%, where the microbial regulator in the microbial regulator containing a degradable material is 10%, biochar powder 28%, and the mass of the iron needle is 20 grams.

[0076] Specifically, during the preparation of the seed package probe, it also includes selecting the optimal germination environment parameters for seed germination. For example, when the water level depth is set to 10 cm, the seed package probe mainly makes packaging bags of different shapes through 3D printing or molds, and is equipped with iron nails of different masses to form a gravity-type perception environment probe. According to the relationship between gravity and water buoyancy, through the buoyancy iron nails in water deeper than 10 cm, the seed package probe is fixed in the tidal flat soil to form a habitat cultivation with suitable landscape.

[0077] As a further preferred embodiment, the population expansion mode is selected from one of the double-seed surface development mode, the circular seed surface development mode, the circular fortress-type seed surface development mode, and the circular surrounded fortress-type seed surface development mode. For the specific mode, see Figure 5 .

[0078] Example 2

[0079] According to the content of this application, it is specifically described that the method for restoring the microbial seed package probe technology in the tidal flat wetland of Example 1 has good effects, which are specifically as follows.

[0080] Test Example 1

[0081] A method for restoring the population expansion landscape pattern of the microbial seed package probe technology in a tidal flat wetland, wherein the determination of the optimal germination environment parameters is carried out as follows:

[0082] 1) Provide the test Suaeda salsa seeds and Spartina alterniflora seeds, which were collected from the National Nature Reserve of Yancheng Binhai Wetland in Jiangsu Province at the end of November. Select the seeds that are mature, plump, with uniform size and shape, and intact seed coats for sorting and screening. Then air-dry them in a well-ventilated indoor environment, store them in a paper bag, and place them in a 4°C refrigerator for storage and standby. Prepare 1 L of potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 0.5%, and disinfect the seeds for 10 min; the experiment is carried out in an intelligent artificial climate chamber, with the light set at 12 h / d, the temperature at 25°C (during the day) / 15°C (at night), and the humidity at 75%.

[0083] 2) Set the water level: Soak 150 Suaeda salsa seeds and 150 Spartina alterniflora seeds in a 0.5% NaCl solution prepared with a 20% Hoagland nutrient solution by mass ratio. Divide them into 6 groups, and fix the seeds in the germination bed (double-layer filter paper) with river sand in each group. At the same time, fix the germination bed at the bottom of a glass bottle (diameter 12 cm, height 35 cm) with river sand. Place 50 seeds in each germination bed. The specific grouping is as follows:

[0084] Suaeda salsa seeds - 0 - water group: Set the water level depth to 0 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0085] Suaeda salsa seeds - 10 group: Set the water level depth to 10 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0086] Suaeda salsa seeds - 20 group: Set the water level depth to 20 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0087] Spartina alterniflora seeds - 0 group: Set the water level depth to 0 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0088] Spartina alterniflora seeds - 10 group: Set the water level depth to 10 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0089] Spartina alterniflora seeds - 20 groups: Set the water level depth to 20 cm, and maintain the experimental water depth by supplementing distilled water.

[0090] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: To minimize human disturbance in grouping, each group of experiments was repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, the germinated seeds of each group were taken. The germination of the seeds was marked by the emergence of radicles. According to the formula seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%, the germination rate was calculated. The germination rates of Suaeda salsa seeds and Spartina alterniflora seeds are as Figure 2 shown.

[0091] Test results

[0092] As the water level increased, the average germination days increased, indicating that the seed germination speed slowed down. The increase in the water level led to a decrease in the oxygen content in the water, which was one of the reasons for the inhibition of Suaeda salsa seed germination under waterlogging.

[0093] Test Example 2

[0094] A method for restoring the population expansion landscape pattern of a microbial seed package probe technology in tidal flat wetlands, in which the determination of the optimal germination environment is carried out as follows:

[0095] 1) Similar to step 1) of Test Example 1.

[0096] 2) Set the sediment burial depth: Treat 150 seeds of Suaeda salsa and Spartina alterniflora each with a 0% NaCl solution prepared with a 20% Hoagland nutrient solution by mass ratio. Divide them into 8 groups. Place the seeds in a culture bottle (10 cm in diameter and 5 cm in height) lined with double-layer filter paper, with 50 seeds placed in each culture bottle. Bury the seeds with washed fine sand and seal the bottle mouth with a PE film to keep the salt concentration unchanged. The specific grouping is as follows:

[0097] Suaeda salsa seeds - 0 - sand group: Set the sediment burial depth to 0 cm;

[0098] Suaeda salsa seeds - 0.5 group: Set the sediment burial depth to 0.5 cm;

[0099] Suaeda salsa seeds - 1 group: Set the sediment burial depth to 1 cm;

[0100] Suaeda salsa seeds - 2 group: Set the sediment burial depth to 2 cm;

[0101] Spartina alterniflora seeds - 0 - sand group: Set the sediment burial depth to 0 cm;

[0102] Spartina alterniflora seeds - 0.5 group: Set the sediment burial depth to 0.5 cm;

[0103] Spartina alterniflora seeds - Group 1: Set the sediment burial depth to 1 cm;

[0104] Spartina alterniflora seeds - Group 2: Set the sediment burial depth to 2 cm;

[0105] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: Each group of experiments was repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, the germinated seeds of each group were taken, and the seedling length, root length, fresh weight of the seedlings, and dry weight of the seedlings were measured. According to the formula seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%, the germination rate was calculated. The germination characteristics of Spartina alterniflora seeds and Suaeda salsa seeds are as Figure 3 .

[0106] Test results

[0107] Under the sand burial treatments of 0 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm, the germination rates of Suaeda salsa seeds were 76%, 8%, 7%, and 10% respectively. Therefore, the germination rates of the seeds buried at 0.5 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm were decreased by 68%, 69%, and 66% respectively compared with those buried at 0 cm.

[0108] The seedling length of Spartina alterniflora first increased and then decreased with the increase of sand burial depth, while the germination index of Spartina alterniflora seeds first decreased and then slightly recovered, and the lowest point was at the sand burial depth of 0.5 cm.

[0109] From the results in Test Example 1 and Test Example 2, it can be seen that the most suitable water level for the germination of Suaeda salsa seeds is 0 cm and the burial depth is 0 cm. For Spartina alterniflora seeds, there is no obvious suitable water level, and the sediment burial of 0 cm and 2 cm is more suitable for Spartina alterniflora seeds.

[0110] Test Example 3

[0111] A method for restoring the population expansion landscape pattern of a microbial seed package probe in a tidal flat wetland is as follows:

[0112] 1) Make seed package probes with the same batch of seeds as those evaluated in Test Example 1 or Test Example 2 above:

[0113] Microbial seed package probe No. 1: 1 g of water, 20 g of microbial regulator containing degradable material, among which 14 g of degradable material is powdered biochar, 6 g of Bacillus, 30 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, and 30 g of iron needles are selected;

[0114] Microbial seed package probe No. 2: 0.83 g of water, 16.8 g of microbial regulator containing degradable material, among which 12.6 g of degradable material is powdered biochar, 4.2 g of Bacillus, 25 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, and 20 g of iron needles are selected;

[0115] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 3: 0.66 g of water, 12 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 9 g of biochar powder of degradable material, 3 g of Streptomyces, 20 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, and 15 g of iron needles are selected;

[0116] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 4: 0.5 g of water, 9.5 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 7.2 g of biochar powder of degradable material, 2.3 g of Azospirillum, 15 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, and 20 g of iron needles are selected;

[0117] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 5: 1 g of water, 20 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 14 g of biochar powder of degradable material, 6 g of Bacillus sp. etc., 30 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds, and 20 g of iron needles are selected;

[0118] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 6: 0.83 g of water, 16.8 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 12.6 g of powdered biochar of degradable material, 6 g of Bacillus sp., 25 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds, and 30 g of iron needles are selected;

[0119] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 7: 0.66 g of water, 12 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 9 g of biochar powder of degradable material, 3 g of Azospirillum, 20 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds, and 15 g of iron needles are selected;

[0120] Microbial Seed Packet Probe No. 8: 0.5 g of water, 9.5 g of microbial regulator of degradable material, including 7.2 g of biochar powder of degradable material, 2.3 g of Bacillus sp., 15 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds, and 20 g of iron needles are selected.

[0121] Among them, the germination water level of Suaeda salsa seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. The germination water level of Spartina alterniflora seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. Different-shaped seed packet probes are made by 3D printing according to the formula as Figure 4 .

[0122] 2) Then, the prepared seed packet probes are used with drones, according to the landscape aerial seeding plan as Figure 6 shown, different seed packet probe combination modes are selected in different areas, and the seed packet probes are sown into the tidal flat wetland to form a coexistence mode of multi-seed surface development Figure 5 .

[0123] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: Each group of experiments is repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, the germinated seeds of each group are taken, and the seedling length, root length, fresh weight of seedlings, and dry weight of seedlings are measured. According to the formula seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds of tested seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%, the germination rate is calculated; the vigor index Vi = S × Gi: germination index Gi, where S is the fresh weight of seedlings.

[0124] Experimental results

[0125] The experimental results of the germination characteristics of different Spartina alterniflora seeds and Suaeda salsa seeds probes are as follows Figure 7 , among which the optimal combined weight of the Suaeda salsa seeds probe is 25 grams, while the optimal weight of the Spartina alterniflora seeds probe is 15 grams.

[0126] Under different landscape patterns, the vigor indices are in turn the double-seed surface development pattern, the circular seed surface development pattern, the circular fort-type seed surface development pattern, and the circular surrounded fort-type seed surface development pattern, among which the circular surrounded fort-type seed surface development pattern is the highest as follows Figure 8 .

[0127] Test Example 4

[0128] A method for restoring microbial seed pack probes in tidal flat wetlands is as follows

[0129] 1) Make seed pack probes from the same batch of seeds as those evaluated in Test Example 1 or Test Example 2 above: Nutritional seed probe No. 1: 15 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, 14 g of biochar powder, and 20 g of iron needles;

[0130] Nutritional seed probe No. 2: 15 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds, 14 g of biochar powder, and 20 g of iron needles.

[0131] Among them, the germination water level of Suaeda salsa seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. The germination water level of Spartina alterniflora seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. Different-shaped seed pack probes are made by 3D printing according to the formula.

[0132] 2) Then, use a drone to select different seed pack probe combination modes in different areas according to the landscape aerial seeding plan for the made seed pack probes, and sow the seed pack probes into the tidal flat wetland to form a coexistence mode of multi-seed surface development.

[0133] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: Each test is repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, collect the germinated seeds in each group, measure the seedling length, radicle length, fresh weight of seedlings, and dry weight of seedlings, and calculate the germination rate according to the formula: seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%; Vigor index Vi = S × Gi: Germination index Gi, where S is the fresh weight of seedlings. The germination characteristics of Spartina alterniflora seeds and Suaeda salsa seeds are as follows Figure 9 .

[0134] Among them, the germination water level of Suaeda salsa seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. The germination water level of Spartina alterniflora seeds is 0 cm, and the burial depth is 0 cm. Different-shaped seed pack probes are made by 3D printing according to the formula.

[0135] Experimental results

[0136] Under different landscape patterns, the vitality indices are in the order of double seed surface development pattern, circular seed surface development pattern, circular fort - type seed surface development pattern, and circular surrounded - fort - type seed surface development pattern, among which the circular surrounded - fort - type seed surface development pattern is the highest.

[0137] Test Example 5

[0138] A method for restoring microbial seed - packet probes in tidal flat wetlands, the steps are as follows:

[0139] 1) Using the same batch of seeds as those evaluated in Test Example 1 or Test Example 2 above to make seed - packet probes: Simple Seed Probe No. 1: 15 g of Suaeda salsa seeds and 20 g of iron needles.

[0140] Simple Seed Probe No. 2: 15 g of Spartina alterniflora seeds and 20 g of iron needles.

[0141] 3) Then, using a drone, according to the landscape aerial seeding plan, select different seed - packet probe combination patterns in different areas and sow the seed - packet probes into the tidal flat wetland to form a co - existing pattern of multiple seed surface developments.

[0142] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: Each group of experiments is repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, uniformly take the germinated seeds of each group, measure the seedling length, radicle length, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight, and calculate the germination rate according to the formula: Seed germination rate = (number of germinated seeds of tested seeds / total number of tested seeds) × 100%; Vitality index Vi = S×Gi: Germination index Gi, where S is the seedling fresh weight. The germination characteristics of Spartina alterniflora seeds and Suaeda salsa seeds are as Figure 10 .

[0143] Experimental results

[0144] Under different landscape patterns, the vitality indices are in the order of double seed surface development pattern, circular seed surface development pattern, circular fort - type seed surface development pattern, and circular surrounded - fort - type seed surface development pattern, among which the circular surrounded - fort - type seed surface development pattern is the highest.

[0145] Comparative Example 1

[0146] A method for restoring microbial seed - packet probe technology in tidal flat wetlands, the steps are as follows:

[0147] 1) The same as step 1) of Test Example 1.

[0148] 2) Seed germination: Conducted in petri dishes (diameter 10 cm), divided into 2 groups. In each group, 50 plump seeds were selected and placed in the petri dish. After laying 2 pieces of filter paper in the petri dish, 10 ml of salt solutions with different concentrations were transferred using a burette to make a germination filter paper bed. The germination bed was sealed with a PE film to keep the salt concentration of each treatment unchanged, and each group was repeated 4 times. The specific grouping is as follows:

[0149] Suaeda salsa seeds - treated salt group: Add 10 ml of salt solution with the treatment concentration;

[0150] Spartina alterniflora seeds - treated salt group: Add 10 ml of salt solution with the treatment concentration.

[0151] 3) Evaluate the seed germination status: The treated seeds were placed in an intelligent artificial climate chamber for cultivation. The germination of the seeds was marked by the emergence of radicles. Each group of experiments was repeated 4 times. After the seeds were placed in the artificial climate chamber for cultivation for ten consecutive days, at the same time every day, go to the laboratory to observe the seed germination situation and record the number of germinated seeds. On the tenth day, take out the seeds, rinse them clean, measure the seedling length and radicle length with a ruler, weigh the fresh weight of the seedlings with a balance, put them into an oven, dry them at 75 °C for 2 hours, weigh the dry weight, and the germination index is as Figure 11 shown, indicating that when the salt concentration is close to 0, the germination rate of the seeds is high.

[0152] 4) Make the above - treated seeds into a microbial - type seed - packet probe. The microbial seeds include, for example, 2 g of water, 10 g of a microbial regulator of degradable material, 14 g of bio - carbon powder of degradable material, 6 g of Bacillus, 15 g of Suaeda salsa seeds, and 20 g of iron needles are selected.

[0153] 5) Randomly release the above microbial seed - packet probes over the tidal flat wetland by drone for ten consecutive days, and measure the seed germination rate. The germination rate of the seed probes with a lower salt concentration treatment is higher.

[0154] Conclusion

[0155] By comparing Test Examples 1 - 2 with Comparative Example 1, this patent only conducts preliminary pretreatment through different salt concentration treatments, optimizes environmental parameters, namely sowing near the ground surface, which is beneficial to the existence of a low - salinity environment, and the production of seed - packet probes in the later stage and the field landscape restoration mode achieve better effects.

[0156] Comparative Example 2

[0157] A method for restoring a microbial seed - packet probe technology in a tidal flat wetland, the steps are as follows:

[0158] 1) The seeds of Suaeda salsa and Spartina alterniflora for the experiment were collected from the National Nature Reserve of Yancheng Binhai Wetland in Jiangsu Province at the end of November. Mature, plump seeds with uniform size and shape and intact seed coats were selected, sorted and screened. Then they were air-dried indoors with good ventilation conditions, stored in paper bags and placed in a 4°C refrigerator for future use. Prepare 1 L of potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 0.5% to disinfect the seeds for 1 h. The experiment was carried out in an intelligent artificial climate chamber, with the light set at 12 h / d, the temperature at 25°C (day) / 15°C (night), and the humidity at 75%.

[0159] 2) Set the sediment burial depth: Treat 50 seeds of Suaeda salsa with Hoagland nutrient solution with a mass ratio of 20%. Place the seeds in a culture bottle (10 cm in diameter and 5 cm in height) lined with double-layer filter paper. Bury the seeds with washed fine sand and seal the bottle mouth with a PE film to keep the salt concentration unchanged, as follows:

[0160] Suaeda salsa seeds - 0 - sand group - 1: Set the water depth to 0 cm and maintain the experimental water depth by adding distilled water.

[0161] 4) Evaluate the seed germination status: Each group of experiments was repeated 4 times. On the 10th day, collect the germinated seeds of each group. The germination of the seeds was marked by the emergence of radicles. According to the formula seed germination rate = number of germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds × 100%, calculate the germination rate. The germination rates of Suaeda salsa and Spartina alterniflora seeds were similar to those of the disinfection treatment under the initial conditions of this patent.

[0162] Conclusion

[0163] Comparing Test Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that shortening the potassium permanganate disinfection treatment period does not affect the effect, but instead increases the field seed germination rate.

[0164] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for restoring the population expansion landscape pattern of tidal flat wetlands using seed packet probe technology, characterized in that: Here are the steps: 1) Seed pretreatment; 2) Set the germination environment parameters: a) Setting the water level: treating the pretreated seeds in step 1) with the nutrient solution again, fixing the seeds in the container with river sand, setting the water level, and maintaining the water depth by adding distilled water; b) Setting the burial depth of sediment: The seeds pretreated in step 1) are treated with nutrient solution again, and the seeds are buried in a container with clean river sand to set the burial depth, and sealed with PE film to keep the salt concentration unchanged; 3) evaluating the germination status of seeds: obtaining optimal germination environment parameters according to the seed culture results described in step 2a) or step 2b); 4) Making seed bag probes: Combined with the optimal germination environment parameters, adding microbial regulators to regulate the population, loading seeds of different formulas into seed bags, making seed bags of different shapes through 3D printing or molds, and combining the mass of the iron needle to make gravity-type environmental sensing seed bag probes; 5) According to the water and sand characteristics of the tidal flat wetland, the prepared seed package probes are sown in the tidal flat wetland in combination with the optimal germination environment parameters obtained in step 3) to form different population expansion patterns, thereby achieving vegetation restoration of the coastal tidal flat.

2. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds are selected from one of Suaeda salsa seeds, Spartina alterniflora seeds and Tripterygium wilfordii seeds.

3. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment in step 1) includes collecting, sorting, preserving and disinfecting seeds; the collected seeds are seeds collected in November of the previous year, and sorting and preserving refers to selecting mature, plump, uniformly sized and shaped seeds with intact seed coats, sorting, screening, paper bag packaging, and finally placing in a 3-5°C refrigerator for storage; The seeds are disinfected using 0.1-0.8% potassium permanganate for 5-15 minutes.

4. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution is a 0-1% NaCl solution prepared with a mass ratio of 15-25% Hoagland nutrient solution. Preferably, the nutrient solution in step 2a) is a 0.5% NaCl solution prepared with Hoagland nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution in step 2b) is only Hoagland nutrient solution.

5. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2a) setting the water level depth range to 0-20 cm; In step 2b), the burial depth range is set to 0-2 cm.

6. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial regulator described in step 3) includes Bacillus, Azospirillum, and Streptozotocin; degradable materials can also be added to the microbial regulator, and preferably the degradable materials include powdered or spherical biochar.

7. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gravity formed by the mass of the iron needles is greater than the water buoyancy of the area to be sown.

8. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed package probe is selected from one of a nutrient seed package probe, a microbial seed package probe, and a simple seed package probe.

9. The recovery method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The microbial seed package probe comprises water, a microbial regulator containing a degradable material, seeds and an iron needle; wherein the water, the microbial regulator containing a degradable material and the seeds are mixed in a weight ratio of water: the microbial regulator containing a degradable material: the seeds is (1-5): (32-44): (51-67), wherein the mass ratio of the degradable material to the microbial regulator in the microbial regulator containing a degradable material is 3:1, and the mass of the iron needle is 15-30 grams.

10. The recovery method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The population expansion mode in step 5) is selected from one or a combination of double seed surface development mode, annular seed surface development mode, annular fortress type seed surface development mode, and annular surrounding fortress type seed surface development mode.

Images