Rotating disc type wide-narrow double-row ridge culture mechanical planting equipment and method for galangal

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting machinery, and particularly relates to a rotating disc type galangal wide-narrow double-row ridge culture mechanical planting device which comprises a ginger seed placing frame, a three-point suspension, a seed discharging system, a rack, a land wheel system, a transmission system, a soil covering device, a seat and a ridge protecting device. A land wheel system is arranged on the machine frame, a transmission system is arranged on the land wheel system, a soil covering device is arranged on the machine frame, a seat is fixedly installed on the machine frame, and a ridge protection device is arranged on the soil covering device. According to the method, galangal planting in a wide-narrow double-row ridge culture mode is adopted, the problems that galangal tuberous roots are damaged due to rolling of a harvesting machine and roots are rotten due to soaking of rainwater and the like due to uniform-row planting can be solved, the whole-course mechanical production and planting agronomic requirements of galangal are met, and the procedures of ditching, seed metering, soil covering, pressing and the like of galangal are achieved at a time; by adopting the rotating disc type seed metering system, ditching, uniform seed metering of galangal and accurate planting can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution belongs to the field of agricultural planting machinery, and specifically relates to a rotary high-quality ginger wide-narrow double-row ridging mechanized planting equipment. Background Technique

[0002] Alpinia officinarum Hance is a traditional southern medicine in China and one of the Chinese medicines with important medicinal value. Its main chemical components include volatile oils, diarylheptanes, sterols, and flavonoid compounds, and it has various pharmacological activities such as strong anti-ulcer, anti-diarrhea, cholagogic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic. Due to its complex chemical composition and strong pharmacological activities, it is widely used. At present, in the planting operation process of Alpinia officinarum Hance, from seed selection, ditch digging or hole digging to sowing and soil covering, etc., are basically completed manually, which requires a large amount of labor, has low work efficiency, high labor costs, high labor intensity, and manual planting is not standardized, resulting in low yields and difficult mechanized harvesting, etc., which restricts the sustainable and healthy development of the Alpinia officinarum Hance industry.

[0003] Application No. 201911354122.X, "A Planting Method of Alpinia officinarum Hance Suitable for Mechanization", proposes a planting method of Alpinia officinarum Hance suitable for mechanization. This method uses the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance as the seed stem and adopts mechanized operations throughout the process, including (1) Cultivated land preparation: Select cultivated land and plow it; (2) Fertilization and ridging: Rototill, fertilize, and ridge the cultivated land; (3) Weeding: Spray herbicides on the planting land before planting; (4) Planting: Use a planter to propagate with the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum Hance with buds as the seed stem; (5) Field management: Use a small ridging machine to ridge and weed the soil during the seedling stage; (6) Straw crushing: Use a crushing and collecting machine to crush and collect the straw of Alpinia officinarum Hance; (7) Harvesting: Dig and harvest Alpinia officinarum Hance and transport it to a transfer vehicle. This planting method completes the planting of Alpinia officinarum Hance by making large ridges, double-row planting on the ridges, and different row widths of Alpinia officinarum Hance on the ridges and between the ridges. The whole process management can achieve mechanized operations, greatly improving the production efficiency of Alpinia officinarum Hance and significantly reducing the input of manpower. The method proposes a planting mode suitable for mechanized planting, but the design scheme and working principle of the planter are not clearly pointed out in the method, and there is no applicable Alpinia officinarum Hance planter, and mechanized planting cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this solution is to provide a rotary high-quality ginger wide-narrow double-row ridging mechanized planting equipment to solve the problem of inconvenient mechanized planting.

[0005] To achieve the above object, this solution provides a rotary mechanized planting equipment for narrow and wide double-row ridge planting of Alpinia officinarum, including a ginger seed placement rack, three-point suspension, a seed metering system, a frame, a ground wheel system, a transmission system, a soil covering device, a seat, and a ridge protection device. The ground wheel system is arranged at the bottom of the frame, the transmission system is arranged on the ground wheel system, the soil covering device is arranged on the frame, the seat is fixedly installed on the frame, and the ridge protection device is arranged on the soil covering device.

[0006] The principle of this solution is as follows: A rotary tillage, fertilization, and ridging equipment is used to complete the rotary tillage, fertilization, and ridging processes before planting, providing a basic condition for the realization of the rotary mechanized planting equipment for narrow and wide double-row ridge planting of Alpinia officinarum. At the same time, the qualified ginger seeds are loaded into the turnover box, and then the turnover basket filled with ginger seeds is placed on the ginger seed placement rack of the planting equipment. During operation, the equipment advances to drive the ground wheel system, and the power is transmitted from the ground wheel system to the seed metering system 3 through the ground wheel system to realize the rotation of the seed cup mechanism. At the same time, the furrow opener starts the furrowing operation. After the seed cup mechanism rotates, two operators take out the ginger seeds from the turnover basket and feed the ginger seeds into the seed cups of the seed cup mechanism, with 1 piece of ginger seed fed into each seed cup. The ginger seeds in the seed cups move along with the rotating seed cup mechanism to the ginger seed discharge port of the seed cup protection cover, and the ginger seeds move from the discharge port to the seed guiding groove, and are guided by the seed guiding groove to slide into the planting furrow opened by the furrow opener. Finally, the soil covering device 7 covers the soil and compresses the planting furrow and the ginger seeds. During the advancement of the equipment, the soil covering device 7 protects the ridge body from collapsing and deforming, and completes the furrowing, seeding, soil covering, and compressing operations at one time.

[0007] The technical effects of this solution are as follows: The narrow and wide double-row ridge planting mode of Alpinia officinarum can avoid problems such as the root tubers of Alpinia officinarum being crushed and damaged by the harvesting machinery and the roots rotting due to rainwater soaking in the case of uniform row planting, meeting the agronomic requirements of the whole-process mechanized production and planting of Alpinia officinarum, and realizing the processes of furrowing, seeding, soil covering, and compressing of Alpinia officinarum at one time. The rotary seed metering system can realize furrowing, uniform seeding, and precise planting of Alpinia officinarum. The ridge protection device can effectively prevent the ridge from collapsing during the mechanical planting process. The soil covering device with spring pressure can complete the soil covering and compressing processes at the same time. The transmission system with multiple transmission ratios is designed to realize the adjustment of different planting plant spacings of Alpinia officinarum. The ground wheel system is used to provide a power source, and by cooperating with the transmission system, it can avoid the problem of uneven planting plant spacing under different forward speeds, ensuring uniform seeding and precise planting.

[0008] Furthermore, the ginger seed placement rack 1 includes four support foot square tubes. A transverse angle steel is fixedly connected to the top of the support foot square tubes. A bearing plate is fixedly connected to the transverse angle steel. A longitudinal angle steel is fixedly connected to the outside of the bearing plate. A vertical support angle steel is fixedly connected to the top of the longitudinal angle steel. A longitudinal grid baffle is fixedly connected to the inside of the vertical support angle steel. A transverse grid baffle is fixedly connected to the outside of the vertical support angle steel. A top transverse baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical support angle steel. A top longitudinal baffle is fixedly connected to the outside of the top transverse baffle. The support foot square tubes are 30×30×3 mm square tubes, and are fixedly welded to the front position of the machine frame to ensure that the ginger seed placement rack is fixed above the machine frame. The transverse angle steel, longitudinal angle steel, and vertical support angle steel are 30×30 mm angle steels, and are welded to each other to form the main load-bearing frame of the ginger seed placement rack. The bearing plate, longitudinal grid baffle, transverse grid baffle, top transverse baffle, and top longitudinal baffle are made of 3 mm thick steel plates, and are respectively welded and fixed to the transverse angle steel, longitudinal angle steel, and vertical support angle steel. The bearing plate serves as the bearing plate for the ginger seed turnover basket. The longitudinal grid baffle, transverse grid baffle, top transverse baffle, and top longitudinal baffle serve as the positioning baffles for the turnover basket to prevent the ginger seed turnover basket from slipping out and falling off.

[0009] Furthermore, the three-point suspension includes two symmetrically distributed lower hitch frames. Connecting plates are fixedly connected to the outside of both of the lower hitch frames. An upper hitch frame steel plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plates. A rear connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper hitch frame steel plate. The rear connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the machine frame. The lower hitch frame is welded by a 16 mm thick steel plate and serves as a part for connecting to the lower pull rod of the tractor. The connecting plate is made of a 10 mm thick steel plate and is welded to the lower hitch frame and the upper hitch frame steel plate at both ends respectively, serving as a part for connecting the lower hitch frame and the upper hitch frame steel plate. The upper hitch frame steel plate is welded by a 12 mm thick steel plate and serves as a part for connecting to the upper pull rod of the tractor. The rear connecting pipe is a 60×60×3 mm square tube, and is welded and fixed to the upper hitch frame steel plate and the machine frame at both ends respectively, serving as a connecting part between the upper hitch frame steel plate and the machine frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the seed metering system includes a furrow opener, on which a support square frame is installed by bolts. A seed guiding groove is installed by bolts below the support square frame. A square bearing seat is fixedly installed on the support square frame, and a transmission shaft is fixedly installed on the square bearing seat. A seed cup mechanism is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft, and a seed cup protection cover is fixedly installed on the seed cup mechanism. Adjust the distance between the two seed metering systems according to the required planting row spacing, and symmetrically fix them on the frame by bolts to meet the requirements of different planting row spacings. The furrow opener is welded by steel plates, with a designed furrow width of 150 mm, and is fixed below the support square frame by bolts. Different bolt mounting holes at different positions can be selected according to the required furrow depth to meet the requirement of adjustable furrow depth. The seed guiding groove is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 1 mm, in the shape of a fan-shaped steel plate sheet metal, and is fixed below the support square frame by bolts. The support square frame is welded by two furrow opener connecting plates, two longitudinal angle steels, two transverse angle steels, a square bearing seat mounting plate and two outer spherical bearing seat mounting steel plates. As a connecting piece for fixing the seed metering system on the frame, the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel are equal angle steels of 90×90×6 mm, arranged in sequence in a rectangular shape and welded and fixed into the main body of the support square frame. The furrow opener connecting plate and the outer spherical bearing seat mounting steel plate are made of steel plates with a thickness of 6 mm, and are welded and fixed below the rectangular main body composed of the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel. The square bearing seat mounting plate is a 14B model 140*60*8 channel steel with a length of 450 mm, and is welded and fixed above the rectangular main body composed of the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel. As the main support for the transmission shaft, two square bearing seats, the seed cup protection cover and the seed cup mechanism, the transmission shaft adopts a stepped shaft structure to ensure that the transmission shaft can be erected and transmit power to the seed cup mechanism for rotational movement. The square bearing seat adopts a UCF205 square bearing seat. The seed cup protection cover is of a cylindrical structure, and a ginger seed discharge port with a diameter of 220 mm is provided at the bottom. The seed cup mechanism is welded by six seed cups of 200×1 mm and a connecting plate, and is fixed on the transmission shaft by pin studs, and is used for placing ginger seeds and transporting the ginger seeds to the ginger seed discharge port of the protection cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame includes a frame body. The outside of the three-point suspension is fixedly connected to the frame body. A ground wheel system support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body. A ground wheel system installation mechanism is fixedly installed at the lower end of the ground wheel system support frame. A turnover basket placement rack is fixedly connected to the frame body. A ridge protection device mounting plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame body. An earth covering device installation mechanism is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame body. A seat installation mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the frame body. The seat is a plastic seat, which is light in weight and convenient to replace, and is fixed above the seat installation mechanism by bolts. A tension sprocket mounting plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body. The frame body is welded by four cross beams, two longitudinal beams and short longitudinal beams. As a key component for connecting and carrying the ginger seed placement rack, three-point suspension, seed metering system, ground wheel system, transmission system, ridge protection device, earth covering device, seat and operator, the materials are all square tubes with a size of 80×80×5mm. The ground wheel system support frame is welded by square tubes with a size of 60×60×5mm, designed as a trapezoidal structure to reduce stress concentration points. It mainly bears the ground wheel system and supports the weight of the whole machine, and is welded and fixed below the frame body. The ground wheel system installation mechanism is welded by two steel plates with a thickness of 10mm and a steel pipe with a size of 100×5mm, and is welded and fixed below the ground wheel system support frame for installing and fixing the ground wheel system. The turnover basket placement rack is welded by a steel plate with a thickness of 3mm and square tubes with a size of 30×30×2mm, and is welded and fixed on both sides of the frame body for placing the turnover baskets for the operator to pick up seeds. The ridge protection device mounting plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm, welded and fixed on the front and rear cross beams of the frame body, symmetrically distributed, for hanging the ridge protection device. The earth covering device installation mechanism is bent from a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm and symmetrically welded and fixed on the rear cross beam of the frame body for hanging the earth covering device. The seat installation mechanism is welded by square tubes with a size of 60×60×5mm and a steel plate with a thickness of 5mm, and is symmetrically welded and fixed above the rear cross beam of the frame body for fixing the seat. Longitudinal mounting holes with a length of 50mm are designed at the seat bolt installation positions on the steel plate, and the bolt fixing positions can be located according to the operator's body type. The tension sprocket mounting plate is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm, welded and fixed inside the ground wheel system support frame for installing the tension sprocket mechanism.

[0012] Further, the ground wheel system includes a ground wheel. Inside the ground wheel, a ground wheel mounting shaft seat is fixedly installed. Outside the mounting shaft seat, there is a small sprocket combination mechanism. Outside the small sprocket combination mechanism, a bearing is fixedly connected, and a bearing end cover is fixedly connected to the bearing. The ground wheel uses a 7.56-type tire to ensure sufficient contact area between the ground wheel and the ground, meeting the requirements of the driving power source. The tire mounting shaft seat is welded by a disk with a thickness of 12 mm and a cylindrical iron, and is used to fix the ground wheel and transmit power. The small sprocket combination mechanism is welded by sprockets with 10 teeth and 13 teeth of model 12A, meeting the requirements of adjusting different transmission ratios and solving the problem of disassembling and replacing sprockets to adjust the transmission ratio.

[0013] Further, the transmission system includes a chain. The outside of the small sprocket combination mechanism is engaged with a chain. Outside the chain, a tensioning sprocket mechanism is arranged. The other end of the chain is engaged with a large sprocket combination mechanism. A transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the large sprocket combination mechanism. A reversing mechanism is arranged on the transmission shaft. The reversing mechanism is fixedly connected to a square bearing seat. An outer spherical bearing seat is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft. The chain, the tensioning sprocket mechanism, and the large sprocket combination mechanism all use model 12A, and the transmission shaft uses a hexagonal shaft. The tensioning sprocket mechanism uses a 15-tooth sprocket of model 12A, and the sprocket shaft uses a long threaded shaft. By adjusting the position of the fixing nut, the position of the tensioning sprocket is adjusted to meet the need for tensioning after the position of the chain is adjusted, without the need to replace the new tensioning sprocket mechanism. The large sprocket combination mechanism is composed of welded sprockets with 36 teeth and 41 teeth, and is positioned and installed on the transmission shaft. It cooperates with the small sprocket combination mechanism to form four transmission ratios. By disassembling and replacing the chain, the adjustment of the planting plant spacing of 600 mm, 700 mm, 800 mm, and 900 mm can be realized, reducing the frequency and workload of sprocket disassembly and replacement. The connecting sleeve of the seed metering system uses a cylinder with an outer diameter of 35 mm and an inner diameter of 26 mm, which is used to connect the transmission shaft and the output shaft of the reversing mechanism. Long slotted holes are symmetrically designed at both ends to ensure the flexibility of the connecting sleeve of the seed metering system and avoid axial tension and compression deformation damage of the transmission shaft and the reversing mechanism. The reversing mechanism uses a bevel gear transmission with a 1:1 transmission ratio. The horizontal power input hole is designed as a hexagonal hole, which cooperates with the transmission shaft to realize the transformation of power from horizontal to vertical, and vertically conveys the horizontal power generated by the ground wheel system to the seed metering system. A bevel gear transmission protective shell is designed to realize the meshing positioning and protection of the bevel gears, avoiding the deviation of the bevel gear meshing and collision damage caused by vibration. The outer spherical bearing seat uses model UCP207 and is fixedly installed under the support square frame and the main body of the frame through bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil covering device includes a soil covering plate support rod. A compaction pressure adjusting nut is connected to the outside of the soil covering plate support rod by a thread. A compaction pressure spring is arranged on the outside of the soil covering plate support rod. The lower end of the frame body is fixedly connected with a soil covering plate. A support rod fixing seat is fixedly connected to the outside of the soil covering plate. The support rod fixing seat is fixedly connected with the soil covering plate support rod. The soil covering plate support rod is fixedly installed with the soil covering device installation mechanism. By using a pin to hang under the soil covering device installation mechanism, it is ensured that it can rotate and can be adjusted according to the ground change. The soil covering process is completed by the soil covering plate. The compaction pressure spring applies pressure to the soil covering plate to compact the soil while covering the soil. The soil covering plate support rod is composed of an M25 threaded rod welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. As the support rod for compaction pressure adjustment, it is fixed under the soil covering device installation mechanism by a pin. The compaction pressure adjusting nut is used to adjust the pressure applied by the compaction pressure spring to the soil covering plate. The length of the compaction pressure spring can be adjusted by tightening or loosening according to the operation needs to meet the operation requirements of different soil conditions and improve versatility. The soil covering plate is composed of a 5-mm-thick steel plate welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. The steel pipe is used as the connecting part between the soil covering device and the soil covering device installation mechanism. The support rod fixing seat is bent from a 10-mm-thick steel plate and symmetrically welded and fixed on the soil covering plate. As the pressure application part of the compaction pressure spring, it applies the pressure of the compaction pressure spring to the soil covering plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the ridge protection device includes a ridge protection plate. A support rod is fixedly connected to the outside thereof. A support rod pin is fixedly connected to the outside of the support rod. A ridge protection plate reinforcement plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the ridge protection plate. A ridge protection device hanging pin is fixedly connected to the outside of the ridge protection plate. A support rod positioning seat is movably sleeved on the outside of the support rod. The support rod positioning seat is fixedly connected with the ridge protection plate. A positioning adjustment nut is connected to the outside of the support rod by a thread. The positioning adjustment nut contacts the support rod positioning seat. By using the ridge protection device hanging pin to hang on the ridge protection device installation plate, the support rod supports and fixes the ridge protection plate. Relying on the ridge protection plate at a fixed position to prevent the ridge body from collapsing, avoiding damage to the ridge body when the furrow opener opens the furrow, maintaining the shape and soil volume of the ridge body, and improving the soil covering and compaction effect. By adjusting the position of the positioning adjustment nut, the opening angle of the ridge protection plate can be changed to meet the protection requirements of different ridge types. The ridge protection plate is formed by pressing a 5-mm-thick steel plate and welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. The support rod positioning seat is composed of a 25-mm-diameter round steel welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. A thread with a length of 200 mm is opened at the end, and the opening angle of the ridge protection plate is adjusted by adjusting the thread length. The ridge protection plate reinforcement plate is a 5-mm-thick steel plate, welded and fixed above the ridge protection plate to improve the anti-bending performance of the ridge protection plate and reduce deformation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the ginger seed placement rack structure;

[0018] Figure 3 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the three - point suspension structure;

[0019] Figure 4 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 sectional view of the seed metering system structure;

[0020] Figure 5 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the seed metering system structure;

[0021] Figure 6 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the frame structure;

[0022] Figure 7 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the ground wheel system structure;

[0023] Figure 8 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the transmission system structure;

[0024] Figure 9 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the soil covering device structure;

[0025] Figure 10 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 three - dimensional view of the ridge protection device frame structure.

[0026] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0027] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: ginger seed placement rack 1, three-point hitch 2, seed metering system 3, frame 4, ground wheel system 5, transmission system 6, soil covering device 7, seat 8, ridge protection device 9, support foot square tube 1-1, horizontal angle steel 1-2, bearing plate 1-3, longitudinal angle steel 1-4, longitudinal grid baffle 1-5, vertical support angle steel 1-6, horizontal grid baffle 1-7, top horizontal baffle 1-8, top longitudinal baffle 1-9, lower hitch frame 2-1, connecting plate 2-2, upper hitch frame steel plate 2-3, rear connecting pipe 2-4, furrow opener 3-1, seed guiding groove 3-2, support square frame 3-3, transmission shaft 3-4, square bearing seat 3-5, seed cup protection cover 3-6, seed cup mechanism 3-7, frame main body 4-1, ground wheel system support frame 4-2, ground wheel system installation mechanism 4-3, turnover basket placement rack 4-4, ridge protection device mounting plate 4-5, soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6, seat installation mechanism 4-7, tensioning sprocket mounting plate 4-8, ground wheel 5-1, ground wheel mounting shaft seat 5-2, bearing end cover 5-3, bearing 5-4, small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5, chain 6-1, tensioning sprocket mechanism 6-2, large sprocket combination mechanism 6-3, seed metering system connecting sleeve 6-4, reversing mechanism 6-5, outer spherical bearing seat 6-6, transmission shaft 6-7, soil covering plate support rod 7-1, compaction pressure adjusting nut 7-2, compaction pressure spring 7-3, soil covering plate 7-4, support rod fixing seat 7-5, ridge protection plate 9-1, positioning adjusting nut 9-2, support rod positioning seat 9-3, support rod 9-4, ridge protection plate reinforcement plate 9-5, support rod pin 9-6, ridge protection device hitch pin 9-7. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1-10 figures: A rotary type Alpinia officinarum wide and narrow double-row ridge tillage mechanized planting equipment, including a ginger seed placement rack 1, a three-point hitch 2, a seed metering system 3, a frame 4, a ground wheel system 5, a transmission system 6, a soil covering device 7, a seat 8, and a ridge protection device 9, characterized in that: a ground wheel system 5 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 4, a transmission system 6 is arranged on the ground wheel system 5, a soil covering device 7 is arranged on the frame 4, a seat 8 is fixedly installed on the frame 4, and a ridge protection device 9 is arranged on the soil covering device 7.

[0029] Among them, the ginger seed placement rack 1 includes four supporting foot square tubes 1-1. At the top of the supporting foot square tubes 1-1, there is a horizontally fixed angle steel 1-2. On the horizontally fixed angle steel 1-2, there is a fixedly connected bearing plate 1-3. On the outside of the bearing plate 1-3, there is a vertically fixed angle steel 1-4. At the top of the vertically fixed angle steel 1-4, there is a vertically supported angle steel 1-6. Inside the vertically supported angle steel 1-6, there is a longitudinally fixed grid baffle 1-5. Outside the vertically supported angle steel 1-6, there is a horizontally fixed grid baffle 1-7. At the top of the vertically supported angle steel 1-6, there is a top horizontally fixed baffle 1-8. On the outside of the top horizontally fixed baffle 1-8, there is a top longitudinally fixed baffle 1-9. The supporting foot square tubes 1-1 adopt 30×30×3mm square tubes and are fixedly welded to the front section of the machine frame 4 to ensure that the ginger seed placement rack 1 is fixed above the machine frame 4. The horizontally fixed angle steel 1-2, the vertically fixed angle steel 1-4, and the vertically supported angle steel 1-6 adopt 30×30mm angle steels and are welded to each other to form the main load-bearing frame of the ginger seed placement rack 1. The bearing plate 1-3, the longitudinally fixed grid baffle 1-5, the horizontally fixed grid baffle 1-7, the top horizontally fixed baffle 1-8, and the top longitudinally fixed baffle 1-9 adopt 3mm thick steel plates and are respectively welded and fixed to the horizontally fixed angle steel 1-2, the vertically fixed angle steel 1-4, and the vertically supported angle steel 1-6. The bearing plate 1-3 serves as the bearing plate for the ginger seed turnover basket. The longitudinally fixed grid baffle 1-5, the horizontally fixed grid baffle 1-7, the top horizontally fixed baffle 1-8, and the top longitudinally fixed baffle 1-9 serve as the positioning baffles for the turnover basket to prevent the ginger seed turnover basket from sliding out and falling.

[0030] Among them, the three-point suspension 2 includes two symmetrically distributed lower hanging frames 2-1. On the outside of both of the lower hanging frames 2-1, there is a connecting plate 2-2. On the outside of the connecting plate 2-2, there is an upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3. On the outside of the upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3, there is a rear connecting pipe 2-4. The rear connecting pipe 2-4 is fixedly connected to the machine frame 4. The lower hanging frame 2-1 is welded by a 16mm thick steel plate and serves as the part connected to the lower pull rod of the tractor. The connecting plate 2-2 adopts a 10mm thick steel plate and is welded to the lower hanging frame 2-1 and the upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3 at both ends respectively, serving as the part connecting the lower hanging frame 2-1 and the upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3. The upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3 is welded by a 12mm thick steel plate and serves as the part connected to the upper pull rod of the tractor. The rear connecting pipe 2-4 adopts a 60×60×3mm square tube and is welded and fixed to the upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3 and the machine frame 4 at both ends respectively, serving as the connecting part between the upper hanging frame steel plate 2-3 and the machine frame 4.

[0031] Among them, the seed metering system 3 includes a furrow opener 3-1. A support square frame 3-3 is installed on the furrow opener 3-1 through bolts. A seed guide groove 3-2 is installed below the support square frame 3-3 through bolts. A square bearing seat 3-5 is fixedly installed on the support square frame 3-3. A transmission shaft 3-4 is fixedly installed on the square bearing seat 3-5. A seed cup mechanism 3-7 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 3-4. A seed cup protection cover 3-6 is fixedly installed on the seed cup mechanism 3-7. Adjust the spacing between the two seed metering systems 3 according to the required planting row spacing, and symmetrically fix them on the frame 4 with bolts to meet the requirements of different planting row spacings. The furrow opener 3-1 is welded by steel plates, with a designed furrow opening width of 150 mm, and is fixed below the support square frame 3-3 through bolts. Different positions of bolt mounting holes can be selected according to the required furrow depth to meet the requirement of adjustable furrow depth. The seed guide groove 3-2 is made of a steel plate with a thickness of 1 mm and is in a fan-shaped steel plate sheet metal type, and is fixed below the support square frame 3-3 through bolts. The support square frame 3-3 is welded by two furrow opener connecting plates, two longitudinal angle steels, two transverse angle steels, a square bearing seat mounting plate and two outer spherical bearing seat mounting steel plates. As a connecting piece for fixing the seed metering system on the frame 4, the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel are equal angle steels of 90×90×6 mm, and are arranged in sequence in a rectangular shape and welded and fixed as the main body of the support square frame 3-3. The furrow opener connecting plate and the outer spherical bearing seat mounting steel plate are made of steel plates with a thickness of 6 mm and are welded and fixed below the rectangular main body composed of the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel. The square bearing seat mounting plate is a 14B type 140*60*8 channel steel with a length of 450 mm and is welded and fixed above the rectangular main body composed of the longitudinal angle steel and the transverse angle steel. As the main support for the transmission shaft 3-4, two square bearing seats 3-5, the seed cup protection cover 3-6 and the seed cup mechanism 3-7, the transmission shaft 3-4 adopts a stepped shaft structure to ensure that the transmission shaft 3-4 can be erected and installed to transmit power to the seed cup mechanism 3-7 for rotational movement. The square bearing seat 3-5 adopts a UCF205 square bearing seat. The seed cup protection cover 3-6 is in a cylindrical structure, and a ginger seed discharge port with a diameter of 220 mm is provided at the bottom. The seed cup mechanism 3-7 is welded by six seed cups of 200×1 mm and a connecting plate, and is fixed on the transmission shaft 3-4 through pin shafts, and is used for placing ginger seeds and transporting the ginger seeds to the ginger seed discharge port of the protection cover 3-6.

[0032] Among them, the frame 4 includes a frame body 4-1. The outside of the three-point hitch 2 is fixedly connected to the frame body 4-1. A ground wheel system support frame 4-2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body 4-1. A ground wheel system installation mechanism 4-3 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the ground wheel system support frame 4-2. A turnover basket placement rack 4-4 is fixedly connected to the frame body 4-1. A ridge protection device mounting plate 4-5 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame body 4-1. A soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the frame body 4-1. A seat installation mechanism 4-7 is fixedly installed at the top of the frame body 4-1. The seat 8 is a plastic seat, which is light in weight and convenient to replace, and is fixed above the seat installation mechanism 4-7 by bolts. A tension sprocket mounting plate 4-8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body 4-1. The frame body 4-1 is welded by four cross beams, two longitudinal beams and short longitudinal beams. As a key component for connecting and bearing the ginger seed placement rack 1, the three-point hitch 2, the seed metering system 3, the ground wheel system 5, the transmission system 6, the ridge protection device 9, the soil covering device 7, the seat 8 and the operator, the materials are all square tubes with a size of 80×80×5mm. The ground wheel system support frame 4-2 is welded by square tubes with a size of 60×60×5mm, and is designed as a trapezoidal structure to reduce stress concentration points. It mainly bears the ground wheel system and supports the weight of the whole machine, and is welded and fixed below the frame body 4-1. The ground wheel system installation mechanism is welded by two steel plates with a thickness of 10mm and a steel pipe with a size of 100×5mm, and is welded and fixed below the ground wheel system support frame 4-2 for installing and fixing the ground wheel system. The turnover basket placement rack 4-4 is welded by a steel plate with a thickness of 3mm and square tubes with a size of 30×30×2mm, and is welded and fixed on both sides of the frame body 4-1 for placing the turnover baskets for the operator to pick seeds. The ridge protection device mounting plate 4-5 is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm, and is welded and fixed on the front and rear cross beams of the frame body 4-1, symmetrically distributed, for hanging the ridge protection device 9. The soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6 is bent from a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm and is symmetrically welded and fixed on the rear cross beam of the frame body 4-1 for hanging the soil covering device 7. The seat installation mechanism 4-7 is welded by square tubes with a size of 60×60×5mm and a steel plate with a thickness of 5mm, and is symmetrically welded and fixed above the rear cross beam of the frame body 4-1 for fixing the seat 8. Longitudinal mounting holes with a length of 50mm are designed at the seat bolt installation positions on the steel plate, and the bolt fixing positions can be located according to the operator's body type. The tension sprocket mounting plate 4-8 is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm, and is welded and fixed inside the ground wheel system support frame 4-2 for installing the tension sprocket mechanism 6-2.

[0033] Among them, the ground wheel system 5 includes a ground wheel 5-1. An inner part of the ground wheel 5-1 is fixedly provided with a ground wheel mounting shaft seat 5-2. An outer side of the mounting shaft seat 5-2 is provided with a small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5. An outer side of the small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5 is fixedly connected with a bearing 5-4. A bearing end cover 5-3 is fixedly connected to the bearing 5-4. The ground wheel 5-1 adopts a 7.50-16 type tire to ensure sufficient contact area between the ground wheel 5-1 and the ground and meet the requirements of the driving power source. The tire mounting shaft seat 5-2 is welded by a disc with a thickness of 12 mm and a cylindrical iron and is used for fixing the ground wheel and transmitting power. The small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5 is welded by sprockets with 10 teeth and 13 teeth of model 12A to meet the requirements of different transmission ratio adjustments and solve the problem of replacing sprockets to adjust the transmission ratio.

[0034] Among them, the transmission system 6 includes a chain 6-1. The chain 6-1 meshes with the outer side of the small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5. A tensioning sprocket mechanism 6-2 is arranged on the outer side of the chain 6-1. The other end of the chain 6-1 meshes with a large sprocket combination mechanism 6-3. A transmission shaft 6-7 is fixedly connected to the large sprocket combination mechanism 6-3. A reversing mechanism 6-5 is arranged on the transmission shaft 6-7. The reversing mechanism 6-5 is fixedly connected to a square bearing seat 3-5. An outer spherical bearing seat 6-6 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission shaft 6-7. The chain 6-1, the tensioning sprocket mechanism 6-2, and the large sprocket combination mechanism 6-3 all adopt the 12A model, and the transmission shaft 6-7 adopts a hexagonal shaft. The tensioning sprocket mechanism 6-2 adopts a 12A model 15-tooth sprocket, and the sprocket shaft adopts a long threaded shaft. The position of the tensioning sprocket is adjusted by adjusting the position of the fixing nut to meet the need for tensioning after the position of the chain is adjusted, without the need to replace the new tensioning sprocket mechanism. The large sprocket combination mechanism 6-3 is composed of a 36-tooth and a 41-tooth sprocket welded together, positioned and installed on the transmission shaft 6-7, and cooperates with the small sprocket combination mechanism 5-5 to form four transmission ratios. By replacing the chain, the adjustment of the planting plant spacing of 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, and 900mm can be realized, reducing the frequency and workload of sprocket disassembly and replacement. The connecting sleeve 6-4 of the seed metering system adopts a cylinder with an outer diameter of 35mm and an inner diameter of 26mm, which is used to connect the transmission shaft 3-4 and the output shaft of the reversing mechanism 6-5. Long slot holes are symmetrically designed at both ends, and the flexibility of the connecting sleeve 6-4 of the seed metering system is ensured to avoid axial tension and compression deformation damage of the transmission shaft 3-4 and the reversing mechanism 6-5. The reversing mechanism 6-5 adopts a bevel gear transmission with a 1:1 transmission ratio. The transverse power input hole is designed as a hexagonal hole, which cooperates with the transmission shaft 6-7 to realize the transformation of power from transverse to vertical, and vertically conveys the transverse power generated by the ground wheel system 5 to the seed metering system 3. A bevel gear transmission protection shell is designed to realize the meshing positioning and protection of the bevel gears, avoiding the deviation of the bevel gear meshing and collision damage caused by vibration. The outer spherical bearing seat 6-6 adopts the UCP207 model and is fixedly installed under the support square frame 3-3 and the frame body 4-1 through bolts.

[0035] Among them, the soil covering device 7 includes a soil covering plate support rod 7-1. A compaction pressure adjusting nut 7-2 is connected to the outside of the soil covering plate support rod 7-1 by a thread. A compaction pressure spring 7-3 is arranged on the outside of the soil covering plate support rod 7-1. The lower end of the frame body 4-1 is fixedly connected with a soil covering plate 7-4. A support rod fixing seat 7-5 is fixedly connected to the outside of the soil covering plate 7-4. The support rod fixing seat 7-5 is fixedly connected with the soil covering plate support rod 7-1. The soil covering plate support rod 7-1 is fixedly installed with the soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6. By using a pin to hang under the soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6, it is ensured that it can rotate and can be adjusted according to the ground change. The soil covering process is completed by the soil covering plate 7-4. The compaction pressure spring 7-3 applies pressure to the soil covering plate 7-4 to compact the soil while covering the soil. The soil covering plate support rod 7-1 is composed of an M25 threaded rod welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. As the support rod for compaction pressure adjustment, it is fixed under the soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6 by a pin. The compaction pressure adjusting nut 7-2 is used to adjust the pressure applied by the compaction pressure spring 7-3 to the soil covering plate 7-4. The length of the compaction pressure spring 7-3 can be adjusted by tightening or loosening according to the operation requirements to meet the operation requirements of different soil conditions and improve versatility. The soil covering plate 7-4 is composed of a 5-mm-thick steel plate welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. The steel pipe is used as the connecting part between the soil covering device 7 and the soil covering device installation mechanism 4-6. The support rod fixing seat 7-5 is bent from a 10-mm-thick steel plate and symmetrically welded and fixed on the soil covering plate 7-4. As the pressure application part of the compaction pressure spring 7-3, the pressure of the compaction pressure spring 7-3 is applied to the soil covering plate 7-4.

[0036] Among them, the ridge protection device 9 includes a ridge protection plate 9-1, a support rod 9-4 is fixedly connected to the outer side thereof, a support rod pin 9-6 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support rod 9-4, a ridge protection plate reinforcement plate 9-5 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the ridge protection plate 9-1, and a ridge protection device hanging pin 9-7 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the ridge protection plate 9-1. A support rod positioning seat 9-3 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the support rod 9-4, the support rod positioning seat 9-3 is fixedly connected to the ridge protection plate 9-1, a positioning adjustment nut 9-2 is connected to the outer side of the support rod 9-4 by a thread, and the positioning adjustment nut 9-2 contacts the support rod positioning seat 9-3. By hanging on the ridge protection device mounting plate 4-5 with the ridge protection device hanging pin 9-7, the support rod 9-4 supports and fixes the ridge protection plate 9-1. Depending on the ridge protection plate 9-1 at a fixed position, the ridge body is prevented from collapsing, and the ridge body is prevented from being damaged when the furrow opener 3-1 opens a furrow, so as to maintain the shape of the ridge body and the amount of soil, improve the soil covering and compaction effect. By adjusting the position of the positioning adjustment nut 9-2, the opening angle of the ridge protection plate 9-1 can be changed to meet the protection requirements of different ridge types. The ridge protection plate 9-1 is formed by bending a steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm and is welded to a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm. The support rod positioning seat 9-3 is composed of a round steel with a diameter of 25 mm and a steel pipe with an outer diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 25 mm, and a thread with a length of 200 mm is opened at the end, and the opening angle of the ridge protection plate 9-1 is adjusted by adjusting the thread length. The ridge protection plate reinforcement plate 9-5 is a steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm and is welded and fixed above the ridge protection plate 9-1 to improve the anti-bending performance of the ridge protection plate 9-1 and reduce deformation.

[0037] The principle of this solution is as follows: The rotary tillage, fertilization and ridging processes before planting are completed by using a rotary tillage, fertilization and ridging equipment, providing a basic condition for the realization of a rotary disk Alpinia officinarum wide and narrow double-row ridging mechanized planting equipment; at the same time, the qualified ginger seeds are screened and placed in a turnover box, and then the turnover basket containing the ginger seeds is placed on the ginger seed placement rack 1 of the planting equipment; during operation, the equipment advances to drive the ground wheel system 5, and the power is transmitted to the seed metering system 3 through the ground wheel system 5 to realize the rotation of the seed cup mechanism 3-7. At the same time, the furrow opener 3-1 starts to open a furrow; after the seed cup mechanism 3-7 rotates, 2 operators take out the ginger seeds from the turnover basket and feed the ginger seeds into the seed cups of the seed cup mechanism 3-7, and 1 piece of ginger seed is fed into each seed cup; the ginger seeds in the seed cups move to the ginger seed discharge port of the seed cup protection cover 3-6 along with the rotating seed cup mechanism 3-7, and the ginger seeds move from the discharge port to the seed guide groove 3-2 and slide to the planting furrow opened by the furrow opener 3-1 under the guidance of the seed guide groove 3-2, and finally the soil covering device 7 covers the soil and compresses the planting furrow and the ginger seeds; during the advancement of the equipment, the soil covering device 7 protects the ridge body from collapsing and deforming, and completes the operations of opening a furrow, sowing, covering the soil and compressing the soil at one time.

[0038] The technical effects of this solution are as follows: The planting of Alpinia officinarum using the wide-narrow double-row ridge tillage mode can avoid problems such as the root tubers of Alpinia officinarum being crushed and damaged by the harvesting machinery and the roots rotting due to rainwater immersion in uniform row planting, meet the agronomic requirements of the whole-process mechanized production and planting of Alpinia officinarum, and realize the processes of ditch opening, seed sowing, soil covering, and pressing of Alpinia officinarum at one time; The rotary seed sowing system can realize ditch opening, uniform seed sowing, and precise planting of Alpinia officinarum; The ridge protection device can effectively prevent ridge collapse during mechanical planting; The soil covering device with spring pressure can complete the soil covering and pressing processes simultaneously; The transmission system with multiple transmission ratios is designed to realize the adjustment of different planting row spacings of Alpinia officinarum; The ground wheel system is used to provide the power source, and by cooperating with the transmission system, it can avoid the problem of uneven planting row spacings under different forward speeds, and ensure uniform seed sowing and precise planting.

[0039] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as the specific structures and characteristics known in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A turntable type galangal wide and narrow double-row ridge mechanized planting equipment, comprising a ginger seed placement rack, a three-point suspension, a seeding system, a frame, a ground wheel system, a transmission system, a soil covering device, a seat, and a ridge protection device, characterized in that: A ground wheel system is arranged at the bottom of the frame, a transmission system is arranged on the ground wheel system, a soil covering device is arranged on the frame, a seat is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a ridge protection device is arranged on the soil covering device.

2. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ginger seed placement rack includes four supporting foot square tubes, the top of the supporting foot square tubes is fixedly connected with a transverse angle steel, the fixed connection block on the transverse angle steel is provided with a bearing plate, the outer side of the bearing plate is fixedly connected with a longitudinal angle steel, the top of the longitudinal angle steel is fixedly connected with a vertical supporting angle steel, the inner side of the vertical supporting angle steel is fixedly connected with a longitudinal grid baffle, the outer side of the vertical supporting angle steel is fixedly connected with a transverse grid baffle, the top of the vertical supporting angle steel is fixedly connected with a top transverse baffle, and the outer side of the top transverse baffle is fixedly connected with a top longitudinal baffle.

3. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-point suspension includes two symmetrically distributed lower mounting frames, the outer sides of the two lower mounting frames are fixedly connected with connecting plates, the outer sides of the connecting plates are fixedly connected with upper mounting frame steel plates, the outer sides of the upper mounting frame steel plates are fixedly connected with rear connecting pipes, and the rear connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the frame.

4. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding system includes a furrow opener, a supporting square frame is installed on the furrow opener by bolts, a seed guide groove is installed below the supporting square frame by bolts, a square bearing seat is fixedly installed on the supporting square frame, a transmission shaft is fixedly installed on the square bearing seat, a seed cup mechanism is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft, and a seed cup protective cover is fixedly installed on the seed cup mechanism.

5. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame includes a frame body, the outer side of the three-point suspension is fixedly connected to the frame body, a ground wheel system support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the frame body, a ground wheel system mounting mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower end of the ground wheel system support frame, a turnover basket placing frame is fixedly connected to the frame body, a ridge protection device mounting plate is fixedly installed on the lower end of the frame body, a soil covering device mounting mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower end of the frame body, a seat mounting mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the frame body, and a tensioning sprocket mounting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the frame body.

6. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground wheel system includes a ground wheel, a ground wheel mounting shaft seat is fixedly installed inside the ground wheel, a small sprocket assembly mechanism passes through the outer side of the mounting shaft seat, a bearing is fixedly connected to the outer side of the small sprocket assembly mechanism, and a bearing end cover is fixedly connected to the bearing.

7. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission system includes a chain, a chain is meshed on the outer side of the small sprocket assembly mechanism, a tensioning sprocket mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the chain, a large sprocket assembly mechanism is meshed on the other end of the chain, a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the large sprocket assembly mechanism, a reversing mechanism is arranged on the transmission shaft, the reversing mechanism is fixedly connected to a square bearing seat, and an outer ball bearing seat is fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission shaft.

8. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil covering device includes a soil covering plate support rod, the outer side of the soil covering plate support rod is connected with a suppression pressure adjusting nut through a thread, the outer side of the soil covering plate support rod is provided with a suppression pressure spring, the lower end of the frame body is fixedly connected with a soil covering plate, the outer side of the soil covering plate is fixedly connected with a support rod fixing seat, the support rod fixing seat is fixedly connected to the soil covering plate support rod, and the soil covering plate support rod is fixedly installed with the soil covering device mounting mechanism.

9. The rotary disc type galangal wide and narrow double row ridge mechanized planting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge protection device includes a ridge protection plate, the outer side of which is fixedly connected to a support rod, the outer side of the support rod is fixedly connected to a support rod pin, the outer side of the ridge protection plate is fixedly connected to a ridge protection plate reinforcement plate, the outer side of the ridge protection plate is fixedly connected to a ridge protection device hanging pin, the outer side of the support rod is movably sleeved with a support rod positioning seat, the support rod positioning seat is fixedly connected to the ridge protection plate, the outer side of the support rod is threadedly connected to a positioning adjustment nut, and the positioning adjustment nut is in contact with the support rod positioning seat.

10. A rotary-type mechanized planting method for galangal with wide and narrow double-row ridges, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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