A method for realizing seedless of roxburgh rose fruit by using pollination technology

Abstract

The application discloses a method for realizing seedless fruit of Rosa roxburghii using pollination technology, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree hybridization and breeding, in particular relates to a method for realizing seedless fruit of Rosa roxburghii using pollination technology.The application is characterized in that pollen of Rosa roxburghii 'Wuca 1' in full bloom is used to pollinate Rosa roxburghii 'Guinong 1' under natural conditions, and the seedless fruit of Rosa roxburghii is obtained through hybridization for the first time.The specific pollination steps are as follows: 1) collecting flower buds: selecting Rosa roxburghii 'Guinong 1' as a female parent and selecting Rosa roxburghii 'Wuca 1' as a male parent, and taking the flower buds of the male parent in full bloom; 2) drying anthers: naturally drying the flower buds of the male parent; 3) collecting pollen; 4) pollination: selecting the flower buds of the female parent which are red but not yet in bloom, removing anthers, pollinating, and bagging; 5) removing bags: removing the pollination bags after 2-5 days of pollination and naturally growing.Using the method, the seedless fruit with excellent fruit quality can be obtained.The pollination method has important significance for cultivating excellent seedless fruit of Rosa roxburghii by preparing pollination trees in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fruit tree hybridization breeding technology, and in particular relates to a method for achieving seedless prickly pear fruit using pollination technology. Background Technology

[0002] The prickly pear, a characteristic fruit tree of the Rosaceae family and Rosa genus, is renowned as the "King of Vitamin C," with a vitamin C content ranging from 1800mg / 100g to 3500mg / 100g. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that the human body cannot synthesize, therefore it must be obtained through diet. Consuming fruits rich in vitamin C has become a pursuit of healthy eating, helping to prevent anemia, reduce chronic inflammation, promote wound healing and tissue repair, among other benefits. Consequently, the demand for fresh prickly pear fruit is increasing. Prickly pear trees are widely cultivated in Guizhou Province, currently covering over 2 million mu (approximately 133,333 hectares), with an output value of around 18 billion yuan. The fruit is mainly used for fresh consumption and juicing. However, the seeds inside the prickly pear fruit affect both the taste of fresh fruit and increase the cost of manual seed removal. Currently, there is no effective method for cultivating seedless prickly pear fruit; existing technologies largely rely on manual seed removal, increasing production costs and labor intensity.

[0003] Stimulated parthenocarpy refers to the phenomenon that parthenocarpy can only be induced by certain external factors. Inducing factors (stimuli) include pollen from other plants, growth regulators or other chemical substances. These methods of parthenocarpy are widely used in the practice of citrus, grape and other fruit trees to obtain seedless fruits, but no method for obtaining seedless prickly pear fruits has been found. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a pollination method and application for obtaining seedless prickly pear fruits of excellent quality. The invention relates to a method for obtaining seedless prickly pear fruits by using pollen from the "Prickly Prickly Pear No. 1" variety to pollinate the stigma of "Guinong No. 1," resulting in embryo abortion after hybridization while the fruit develops normally.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a method for achieving seedless prickly pear fruit using pollination technology, which involves artificially pollinating prickly pear "Guinong No. 1" with prickly pear "Wuci No. 1" as a cross-pollinating variety.

[0007] Furthermore, the pollen of the prickly pear variety "Thorny No. 1" was collected during its peak flowering period.

[0008] Furthermore, the pollination method includes the following steps:

[0009] 1) Flower bud collection: Select the prickly pear variety "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent and the prickly pear variety "Wuci No. 1" as the male parent. Collect the flower buds of the male parent when it is in full bloom.

[0010] 2) Anther drying: Allow the male parent flower buds to air dry naturally;

[0011] 3) Pollen collection;

[0012] 4) Pollination: Select the mother plant flower buds that are showing red but have not yet opened, remove the male parts, pollinate, and bag them;

[0013] 5) Remove the bag: Remove the pollination bag 2-5 days after pollination and allow it to grow naturally.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2), the male flower buds are placed on sulfuric acid paper and allowed to air dry naturally.

[0015] Furthermore, the completion time for step 4) is selected to be between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4), the emasculation step involves cutting off the stamens and petals to ensure that pollen does not fall onto the stigma.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 5), the number of fruits and the number of seeds inside the fruits are counted after 4 months of natural growth.

[0018] This invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned pollination method in the cultivation of seedless prickly pear fruits.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention is the first to utilize cross-pollination between different prickly pear varieties to obtain seedless prickly pear fruits. Using this method, high-quality seedless fruits can be obtained. The pollination method of this invention is of great significance for future field breeding of superior seedless prickly pear fruits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The image shows the flower buds and fruits of "Guinong No. 1" in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 The image shows the flower buds and fruits of "thornless No. 1" in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 The image shows the flower buds and fruits of "thornless No. 2" in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the fruit of "Guinong No. 1" in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the "thornless No. 1" fruit in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the "thornless No. 2" fruit in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fruit after cross-pollination of "Guinong No. 1" and "Wuci No. 1" in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the fruit after cross-pollination of "Guinong No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2" in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the fruit after cross-pollination of "Guinong No. 1" with "thornless No. 1" and "thornless No. 2" in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 10 Image of wild-type seedless prickly pear fruit;

[0031] Figure 11 Image of seedless prickly pear fruit prepared using the method described in this application; Detailed Implementation

[0032] To better illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are provided. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely a part of the present invention, and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: Fruit setting results of different hybridization combinations using prickly pear "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent.

[0035] The three varieties of prickly pear, "Guinong No. 1", "thornless No. 1" and "thornless No. 2", were planted in the prickly pear germplasm resource nursery of Guizhou University in Guizhou Province and were managed in a conventional field.

[0036] In late April 2024, at 9:00 AM, five flower buds each from two prickly pear varieties, "Thorny No. 1" and "Thorny No. 2," were randomly selected during their peak bloom and brought back to the laboratory. They were left to air dry overnight on tracing paper. The next day, pollen was collected into 10ml centrifuge tubes and taken to the prickly pear germplasm resource nursery at 9:00 AM. Flower buds from "Guinong No. 1," showing significant red tips but not yet open, were selected. Stamens and petals were removed using pruning shears, taking care not to let pollen fall onto the stigma. Pollination of the emasculated maternal parent was then performed using a fine-tipped brush dipped in pollen from the male parent, followed by bagging and labeling. The bags were removed three days later, and the plants were allowed to grow naturally. Four months later, the number of fruits and seeds within each fruit were counted. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0037] Table 1. Fruit set of different maternal and paternal hybrid combinations

[0038]

[0039] Based on the results of hybridization experiments with different parental combinations, the normal self-pollination yield of "Guinong No. 1" produces approximately 25 seeds per fruit. When "Guinong No. 1" is used as the female parent and "Wuzi No. 1" as the male parent, the fruit size is not significantly different from the mature self-pollination fruit of "Guinong No. 1," and the fruit contains no seeds. When "Guinong No. 1" is used as the female parent and "Wuzi No. 2" as the male parent, the fruit size differs significantly from the mature self-pollination fruit of "Guinong No. 1." Artificially hybridized fruits vary in size, and incompatible flower buds wither and fall off within a month after hybridization, indicating poor hybridization. Successfully hybridized fruits contain relatively few seeds upon maturity. When "Guinong No. 1" is used as the female parent and a mixture of "Wuzi No. 1" and "Wuzi No. 2" as the male parent, only one fruit is successfully produced, and this fruit is deformed, containing only two seeds.

[0040] Meanwhile, a preliminary analysis was conducted on the quality of the fruits obtained from the above-mentioned crosses between different maternal and paternal parents, and the fruits were compared with those of existing wild seedless prickly pears. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0041] Table 2 Comparison of fruit traits of different hybrid combinations

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Based on the above comparison of fruit traits, it can be seen that the seedless prickly pear fruits obtained by hybridization using the technical solution described in this invention have higher transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, and single fruit weight than wild seedless prickly pears, and the fruit quality is better than that of wild seedless prickly pears.

[0045] Furthermore, the appearance of the seedless prickly pear fruits obtained by hybridization using the method described in this application is compared with that of wild-type seedless prickly pears, as detailed below. Figures 10-11 The results showed that, compared to wild-type seedless prickly pear, the seedless prickly pear fruits obtained using the technical solution described in this application were larger.

[0046] In addition, the nutritional quality of the fruits obtained by hybridization of the above-mentioned different parent lines was analyzed and compared with the nutritional components of wild seedless prickly pear fruits. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0047] Table 3 Comparison of nutritional components of fruits with different combinations

[0048]

[0049] Based on the comparison of the above-mentioned fruit nutritional components, it can be seen that the seedless prickly pear fruit obtained by hybridization using the technical solution of this invention has a much higher vitamin C content than wild seedless prickly pear, and can be considered as a high-vitamin C fruit for a healthy diet.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving seedless prickly pear fruit using pollination technology, characterized in that, The prickly pear variety "Wuci No. 1" was used as a cross-pollinator to artificially pollinate the prickly pear variety "Guinong No. 1".

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pollen of the prickly pear variety "No Thornless No. 1" was collected during its peak flowering period.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pollination method includes the following steps: 1) Flower bud collection: Select the prickly pear variety "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent and the prickly pear variety "Wuci No. 1" as the male parent. Collect the flower buds of the male parent when it is in full bloom. 2) Anther drying: Allow the male parent flower buds to air dry naturally; 3) Pollen collection; 4) Pollination: Select the mother plant flower buds that are showing red but have not yet opened, remove the male parts, pollinate, and bag them; 5) Remove the bag: Remove the pollination bag 2-5 days after pollination and allow it to grow naturally.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 2), the male flower buds are placed on sulfuric acid paper and allowed to air dry naturally.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The completion time for step 4) is selected to be between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 4), the emasculation step involves cutting off the stamens and petals to ensure that pollen does not fall onto the stigma.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 5), the number of fruits and the number of seeds inside the fruits are counted after 4 months of natural growth.

8. The application of the pollination method according to any one of claims 1-7 in the cultivation of seedless prickly pear fruits.

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