Head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of information processing, and discloses a head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system and method, and the system comprises a plurality of frequency domain measurement modules which can be assembled on head wearable equipment. The plurality of frequency domain measurement modules are used for emitting probe light to brain tissues in real time, receiving multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissues, extracting amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, and comparing the amplitude data and the phase data with original emission signals to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals; and the signal processing module is used for calculating a scattering coefficient and an absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue in real time based on the amplitude change data and the phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, and calculating and presenting absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue. The three-dimensional brain function imaging module is used for representing the three-dimensional brain function image in real time and sending the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to the user terminal to be displayed, so that wearable, low-cost, high-spatial-resolution and real-time three-dimensional brain function imaging is achieved on the basis of detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of information processing technologies, and in particular, to a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system and method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and its derivative technology, diffuse optical tomography (DOT), have been widely used in the field of brain functional imaging. These technologies can detect changes in blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue by penetrating the scalp and skull with near-infrared light, and can reflect the state of brain activity. Therefore, fNIRS or DOT devices can be used to detect the blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue. In the prior art, a CW-DOT with high spatial resolution and wearable characteristics can be used to measure the blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue, but CW-DOT cannot measure the absolute blood oxygen concentration, only the relative blood oxygen concentration. However, setting the baseline of the subject as a reference is required for measuring the relative blood oxygen concentration. The measurement method relying on the baseline is vulnerable to the influence of the individual state of the subject and the external environment. Especially in medical applications, unstable baselines may lead to inaccurate results, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision brain function analysis. In addition, there are frequency-domain systems and time-domain systems for measuring the absolute blood oxygen concentration in the prior art, but they cannot achieve high-spatial-resolution imaging or have poor wearability. Moreover, none of the existing systems for measuring blood oxygen concentration have achieved real-time three-dimensional brain function imaging. Therefore, it can be seen that in the prior art, it is impossible to achieve real-time high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional brain function imaging on the basis of being easy to wear. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide at least a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, which can at least solve the problem that it is impossible to achieve real-time high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional brain function imaging on the basis of being easy to wear.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, at least one embodiment of the present application provides a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, including: a plurality of frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on a head-wearable device, the plurality of frequency-domain measurement modules being configured to emit detection light to the brain tissue in real time and receive multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, and extract amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, compare them with the original emission signal, obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals to a signal processing module; the signal processing module is configured to receive in real time the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, and calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image, and send the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to a user terminal; the user terminal is configured to receive and display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image.

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present application further provides a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging method, which is applied to the aforementioned head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, emits detection light to the brain tissue in real time and receives multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extracts amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, compares them with the original emission signal, and obtains amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals; calculates in real time the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals; calculates and presents the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image; and displays the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image.

[0006] An in - head - wearable high - resolution real - time functional imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a plurality of frequency - domain measurement modules that can be assembled on a head - worn device. The plurality of frequency - domain measurement modules are used to emit detection light to the brain tissue in real time, receive multi - channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extract amplitude data and phase data of the multi - channel detection signals, compare them with the original emission signals to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals to a signal processing module; the signal processing module is used to receive the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals in real time, calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals, calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, be used to characterize the three - dimensional brain function image in real time, and send the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to a user terminal; the user terminal is used to receive and display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to characterize the three - dimensional brain function image in real time. By using a plurality of frequency - domain measurement modules that can be assembled on a head - worn device to measure multi - channel detection signals in real time, extracting amplitude data and phase data of the multi - channel detection signals, comparing them with the original emission signals to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals, and performing calculation and processing on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi - channel detection signals by the signal processing module to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, and calculating and presenting the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, which is used to characterize the three - dimensional brain function image in real time. It enables real - time three - dimensional brain function imaging with high spatial resolution on the basis of being easy to wear, and can present the generated real - time three - dimensional brain function image with high spatial resolution in real time. In addition, the generated is the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to characterize the three - dimensional brain function image in real time, making the accuracy of the obtained blood oxygen concentration relatively high.

[0007] In some alternative embodiments, the system further includes: a power supply module for powering the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device; a communication module for enabling communication between the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device and the signal processing module, and enabling communication between the signal processing module and the user terminal. The power supply module ensures that the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device can successfully collect multi-channel detection signals. The communication module ensures that the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device can timely send the collected multi-channel detection signals to the signal processing module for processing, so that the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution can be obtained in a timely manner for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image, and it is ensured that the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution generated by the signal processing module for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image can be sent to the user terminal in a timely manner, so that relevant personnel can view the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. This not only improves the operational convenience of the system but also expands its applicability in dynamic monitoring and remote application scenarios.

[0008] In some alternative embodiments, each of the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device includes: a light source device, an on-board voltage-controlled oscillator, and an optical waveguide; the light source device is configured to emit light rays that irradiate the target area to be measured on the head; the on-board voltage-controlled oscillator is configured to modulate the light source emitted by the light source device to generate a modulated optical signal; the optical waveguide is configured to guide the modulated optical signal to the target area to be measured, where the target area to be measured is a local area of the head, and each of the channel detection signals is obtained based on the optical signal after passing through the target area to be measured. By modularizing the frequency-domain measurement modules assembled on the head-mounted device, each frequency-domain measurement module operates independently, enabling flexible setting of the number of measurement modules assembled on the head-mounted device.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, each of the frequency-domain measurement modules further includes: a photodetector and an analog circuit module; when each of the frequency-domain measurement modules is configured to receive multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, it is specifically configured to: use the photodetector in each of the frequency-domain measurement modules to collect the optical signals after passing through the target area to be measured, and convert the optical signals into initial channel detection signals; based on the analog circuit module in each of the frequency-domain measurement modules, amplify the initial channel detection signals to obtain the channel detection signals, and perform signal detection processing on the channel detection signals to obtain the amplitude data and phase data of the channel detection signals, and compare them with the original transmitted signals to obtain the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals. By amplifying the initial channel detection signals through the analog circuit module, the obtained channel detection signals are more convenient for subsequent processing.

[0010] In some alternative embodiments, the arrangement distance and / or the arrangement angle between the photodetector and the light source device in each of the frequency-domain measurement modules are not fixed. The photodetector and the light source device can be configured according to various distances and various angles, making the arrangement mode of each frequency-domain measurement module more flexible. Thus, the channels composed of the photodetector and the light source device can be flexibly expanded.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device are connected through a universal connector and a flexible circuit board. Flexible expansion can be performed between different frequency-domain measurement modules, and different modules are connected, greatly increasing the number of channels, supporting high-density imaging, and improving the spatial resolution of three-dimensional imaging.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, the signal processing module includes a motion artifact elimination unit. Before the signal processing module calculates and presents the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image, the motion artifact elimination unit is configured to: perform motion artifact removal processing on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after removing the motion artifacts, and use the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after removing the motion artifacts as the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue. This improves the data quality and reliability of the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the signal processing module further includes an AI data processing unit: the AI ​​data processing unit is used to optimize the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to obtain the optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and send the optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to the user terminal, wherein the optimization process includes at least one of the following processes: image enhancement processing, abnormal area detection processing, and brain-computer interface signal classification processing. Based on the AI ​​data processing unit, the generated brain absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution image can be optimized, thereby improving the overall performance. The optimized brain absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution is clearer and more reliable for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images. The brain absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution can be classified and processed to provide intelligent support for application scenarios such as brain-computer interfaces. The AI ​​data processing unit is deployed in the signal processing module to support end-to-end data processing and real-time analysis, thereby ensuring that the entire optimization process is completed quickly and efficiently to meet real-time and dynamic application requirements.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the light source device is a laser diode, which makes the frequency domain measurement module lower in cost and lighter, reduces the cost and weight of the head-worn device, and is more practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by the pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplary descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frequency domain measurement module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 An embodiment of the present application provides a schematic diagram of the interaction between a head wearable device, a signal processing module and a user terminal;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will elaborate on each embodiment of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that in each embodiment of this application, many technical details are presented to help readers better understand this application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in this application can still be implemented. The division of the following embodiments is for convenience of description and should not impose any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. Without conflict, the various embodiments can be combined and cross-referenced with each other.

[0022] First, some terms in the embodiments of this application will be explained below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0023] FPGA: (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a further development based on programmable devices such as PAL (Programmable Array Logic) and GAL (Generic Array Logic). It emerged as a semi-custom circuit in the field of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), solving the deficiencies of custom circuits and overcoming the drawback of limited gate circuits in the original programmable devices.

[0024] Beer-Lambert law: The Lambert-Beer law is the basic law of spectrophotometry, describing the relationship between the absorption intensity of a substance for a certain wavelength of light, the concentration of the light-absorbing substance, and the thickness of its liquid layer.

[0025] fNIRS: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, is a brain function imaging technique that uses the good scattering properties of the main components in blood for near-infrared light in the range of 600 - 900 nm to detect changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin during brain activity.

[0026] DOT: (Diffuse Optical Tomography), is a method for three-dimensional functional imaging using near-infrared light.

[0027] CW-fNIRS: Continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging, is a non-invasive brain imaging technique that uses near-infrared light to monitor brain activity.

[0028] CW-DOT: (Continuous Wave Diffuse Optical Tomography) is a near-infrared brain function imaging system based on the Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) technique.

[0029] ZigBee: ZigBee, a wireless network protocol for low-speed short-distance transmission, has a media access layer and a physical layer at the bottom that comply with the IEEE802.15.4 standard specification.

[0030] LoRa: (Long Range Radio), a low-power local area network wireless standard.

[0031] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant content of the prior art is introduced here first.

[0032] In recent years, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and its derivative technology, diffuse optical tomography (DOT), have been widely used in the field of brain functional imaging. These technologies can detect the change of blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue by penetrating the scalp and skull with near-infrared light, and can reflect the brain activity state. Therefore, the blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue can be detected by using fNIRS or DOT devices. In the prior art, the blood oxygen concentration in brain tissue can be measured by using CW-DOT with high spatial resolution and wearable characteristics. However, CW-DOT cannot measure the absolute blood oxygen concentration, but only the relative blood oxygen concentration. However, the relative blood oxygen concentration needs to set the baseline of the subject as a reference. The measurement method relying on the baseline is vulnerable to the influence of the individual state of the subject and the external environment. Especially in medical applications, unstable baselines may lead to inaccurate results, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision brain function analysis. Specifically, the CW-fNIRS system also has the advantages of simple hardware design, low cost, and suitability for wearable design. However, the CW-fNIRS system can only rely on the change of light intensity to measure the relative blood oxygen concentration, which requires setting the baseline of the subject as a reference before measurement. In medical and dynamic monitoring scenarios, the dependence on the baseline becomes a significant limitation, because the baseline state is easily affected by individual differences and environmental factors, resulting in the lack of stability and accuracy of the measurement results, making it difficult to meet the research and clinical requirements for high-precision quantitative data.

[0033] In addition, fNIRS in frequency domain and time domain modes, as well as DOT devices in frequency domain and time domain modes, can provide absolute quantification data of blood oxygen concentration and blood volume through more complex optical measurement techniques, with higher precision. However, fNIRS in frequency domain and time domain modes, as well as DOT devices in frequency domain and time domain modes, have high hardware complexity, large volume, and relatively high cost, making it difficult to meet the requirements of portable and dynamic application scenarios. In terms of device design, the devices on the current market usually adopt a fixed layout of light sources and photodetectors, lacking the flexible adjustment ability for specific application requirements. This limits the applicability of fNIRS in frequency domain and time domain modes or DOT devices in frequency domain and time domain modes among different populations, especially showing deficiencies in personalized monitoring or specific scenario requirements. None of the systems for measuring blood oxygen concentration in the prior art have achieved real-time three-dimensional brain functional imaging. There is a lack of modular design, and the system scalability is poor. Moreover, the real-time processing ability is insufficient. For example, most of the existing fNIRS- and DOT-related systems rely on offline data analysis processes. The measurement data usually needs to be transmitted to an external computer for complex post-processing, unable to achieve real-time acquisition and processing of multi-channel data, greatly reducing the practical application value of fNIRS- and DOT-related systems in dynamic monitoring, rapid clinical decision support, and real-time research analysis. It cannot achieve high-spatial-resolution imaging or has poor wearability. In summary, it is impossible to achieve real-time high-spatial-resolution three-dimensional brain functional imaging on the basis of being easy to wear in the prior art. It is even more impossible to generate an absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution in the brain on the basis of being easy to wear for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images.

[0034] To solve the above technical problems of low efficiency and accuracy in collecting blood oxygen concentration, the present invention proposes a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system. The following specifically describes the implementation details of a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system in this embodiment. The following content is only the implementation details provided for convenient understanding and is not necessary for implementing this solution.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] A head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system 10 in this embodiment, its specific modules can be as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0037] A plurality of frequency domain measurement modules 11 that can be assembled on a head-wearable device. The plurality of frequency domain measurement modules are used to emit detection light to brain tissue in real time, receive multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extract amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, compare them with the original transmitted signal, obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals to a signal processing module;

[0038] The signal processing module 12 is configured to receive in real time the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, be used for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images, and send the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to the user terminal;

[0039] The user terminal 13 is configured to receive and display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images.

[0040] Specifically, each frequency domain module in the plurality of frequency domain measurement modules is configured to receive the channel detection signal reflected by the brain tissue, and form the multi-channel detection signal based on the channel detection signals measured in real time by each frequency domain module.

[0041] Specifically, the channel detection signal is the amplitude change data and phase change data of the optical signal after passing through the brain tissue.

[0042] Specifically, the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient are affected by the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. The signal processing module 12 can calculate the absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, and infer the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain tissue based on the absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient of the brain tissue, which is used for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images.

[0043] Among them, one light source device and one photodetector form one channel, and two light source devices and two photodetectors can form 2 multiplied by 2 channels, that is, 4 channels. The more channel data, the higher the channel density, and the higher the spatial resolution of imaging.

[0044] Specifically, each frequency domain module in the plurality of frequency domain measurement modules 11 that can be assembled on the head-mounted device is a low-cost and lightweight frequency domain optical measurement module, which is configured to generate a frequency-modulated optical signal, collect the amplitude data and phase data of the optical signal after passing through the brain tissue, and compare them with the original optical signal to obtain the amplitude change data and phase change data of the optical signal.

[0045] Specifically, each frequency domain module in the plurality of frequency domain measurement modules 11 that can be assembled on the head-mounted device can be an FD measurement module.

[0046] Specifically, the FD measurement module directly obtains the light intensity attenuation and phase change information passing through the brain tissue by adopting frequency domain (FD) optical measurement technology. The signal processing module can calculate the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue based on the light intensity attenuation and phase change information, and calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue, so as to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. That is, the absolute blood oxygen concentration is obtained in this solution. The absolute blood oxygen concentration has better accuracy compared with the relative change of the blood oxygen concentration measured by the existing continuous wave (CW) mode device. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a more accurate and reliable blood oxygen concentration, which can be applied to medical scenarios with high requirements for high precision and quantification.

[0047] Specifically, the signal processing module 12 can be an FPGA, or can also be a GPU, a PC or a high-performance embedded processor.

[0048] Optionally, in real-time three-dimensional brain function imaging, the signal processing module 12 can adopt a complex model based on Monte Carlo optical simulation or an improved optical transfer matrix, or a pre-computed optical transfer model matrix to generate the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, so as to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image in real time.

[0049] In some examples, each of the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device includes: a light source device, an on-board voltage-controlled oscillator, and an optical waveguide; the light source device is used to emit light rays irradiating the target area to be measured on the head; the on-board voltage-controlled oscillator is used to modulate the light source emitted by the light source device to generate a modulated optical signal; the optical waveguide is used to guide the modulated optical signal to the target area to be measured, where the target area to be measured is a local area of the head, and each of the channel detection signals is obtained based on the optical signal after passing through the target area to be measured.

[0050] Specifically, each of the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device is used to obtain the amplitude data and phase data corresponding to the optical signal of the brain tissue passing through each target area to be measured on the head, compare it with the original transmitted signal, obtain the amplitude change data and phase change data of the optical signal, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the optical signal passing through each target area to be measured measured by each frequency domain measurement module to the signal processing module.

[0051] Specifically, the on-board voltage-controlled oscillator, abbreviated as VCO, has a working frequency range of 50 - 100 MH.

[0052] In some examples, the light source device is a laser diode.

[0053] Specifically, the light source device can also adopt an LD or VCSEL with adjustable wavelength to adapt to different precision and application requirements.

[0054] In some examples, each of the frequency domain measurement modules further includes: a photodetector and an analog circuit module; when each of the frequency domain measurement modules is used to receive the multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, specifically: use the photodetector in each of the frequency domain measurement modules to collect the optical signals after passing through the target area to be measured, and convert the optical signals into initial channel detection signals; based on the analog circuit module in each of the frequency domain measurement modules, amplify the initial channel detection signals to obtain the channel detection signals, and perform signal detection processing on the channel detection signals to obtain the amplitude data and phase data of the channel detection signals, and compare them with the original transmitted signals to obtain the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals.

[0055] Specifically, the photodetector can adopt any one of a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), a high-speed silicon photodiode (SiPD), or an avalanche photodiode (APD). The photodetector can also adopt a high-speed photodetector made of InGaAs material or other types of photodiodes. Specifically, the photodetector can be replaced according to the required wavelength range and sensitivity to be detected, where the high-speed photodetector made of InGaAs material can support a wider wavelength range.

[0056] Specifically, the target area to be measured is head tissue. After the optical signal modulated by the on-board voltage-controlled oscillator passes through the target area to be measured, part of the optical signal will be absorbed and scattered. The photodetector is used to receive the optical signal that is not absorbed and scattered by the target area to be measured.

[0057] Specifically, the analog circuit module includes a transimpedance amplifier, a preamplifier, related devices of the measurement chip, and signal separation elements, and can amplify the initial channel detection signals to obtain the amplified channel detection signals, that is, obtain the amplified light intensity and phase change.

[0058] Exemplarily, reference can be made to Figure 2, each of the frequency domain measurement modules includes a photodetector, a phase / amplitude detector, a 16-bit ADC, and an ESP32 single-chip microcomputer. The photodetector is used to collect the detection signal after passing through the target area to be measured. The phase / amplitude detector extracts the phase and amplitude of the detection signal. The ADC converts the amplitude and phase through analog-to-digital conversion and collects the difference information of the amplitude and phase, and sends it to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer is used to calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the target area to be measured based on the difference information of the amplitude and phase. When the ESP32 single-chip microcomputer receives the acquisition instruction sent by the FPGA, it sends the difference information of the amplitude and phase corresponding to the brain tissue to the FPGA. Among them, the amplitude data and phase data corresponding to the brain tissue are 32-bit data. The subsequent processing is completed by the main control of the FPGA system. The phase / amplitude detector, 16-bit ADC, and ESP32 single-chip microcomputer are also called the optoelectronic acquisition front end, which is used to complete the acquisition of the signal amplitude and phase difference information.

[0059] In some examples, the arrangement distance and / or the arrangement angle between the photodetector in each of the frequency domain measurement modules and the light source device are not fixed.

[0060] Specifically, each of the frequency domain measurement modules includes one or more light sources and one or more photodetectors. Among them, the light sources and photodetectors can be flexibly arranged, supporting a variety of combinations of distances and angles.

[0061] Specifically, the arrangement distance refers to the straight-line distance between the photodetector and the light source device.

[0062] Specifically, the arrangement angle refers to the included angle between the center line of the photodetector and the center line of the light source device.

[0063] In some examples, each of the frequency domain measurement modules further includes a signal noise cancellation unit, and the signal noise cancellation unit is used for: performing noise cancellation processing on the optoelectronic signal reflected by the brain tissue collected by the photodetector to obtain the optoelectronic signal after removing the noise. It should be understood that the optoelectronic signal after denoising can also be further processed according to needs, including but not limited to amplification, detection, etc., and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0064] Optionally, during the noise cancellation process, the signal noise cancellation unit can use traditional filtering methods such as band-pass filtering and adaptive filtering, and can also use other filtering techniques, such as noise suppression based on wavelet transform, adaptive Kalman filter, etc., to replace the traditional band-pass filtering and adaptive filtering.

[0065] In some examples, the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device are connected through a universal connector and a flexible circuit board.

[0066] Specifically, a modular design is adopted for each of the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device. Each frequency-domain measurement module is connected through a universal connector and a flexible circuit board, enabling flexible expansion of the number of channels. When multiple channels are required, the number of frequency-domain measurement modules can be increased to greatly increase the number of channels and improve the spatial resolution of imaging. Moreover, the distances and angles between the light source and the photodetector can be flexibly set. For multiple light sources and multiple photodetectors in multiple frequency-domain measurement modules, various combinations of distances and angles can be used for layout. This avoids the problems of complex fiber optic layout and limited number of channels in existing CW-DOT systems, frequency-domain systems, and time-domain systems.

[0067] Optionally, the high-density channel configuration of multiple said frequency-domain measurement modules combined with a three-dimensional imaging algorithm can generate high-resolution three-dimensional brain function images, and the brain function can be dynamically monitored and analyzed based on the three-dimensional brain function images.

[0068] In some examples, the signal processing module includes a motion artifact elimination unit. Before the signal processing module calculates and presents the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain tissue based on the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image, the motion artifact elimination unit is used to: perform motion artifact removal processing on the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after motion artifact removal, and use the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after motion artifact removal as the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue.

[0069] In some examples, the signal processing module 12 further includes a front-end data receiving and transmitting unit and a data output unit. The front-end data receiving and transmitting unit is used to receive the amplitude change data and phase change data corresponding to the brain tissue sent by the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules 11 that can be assembled on the head-mounted device, and send a collection instruction to the multiple frequency-domain measurement modules 11 that can be assembled on the head-mounted device; the data output unit is used to send the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain tissue generated by the signal processing module 12 for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image to the user terminal 13.

[0070] Specifically, the ability of multi-channel real-time data processing is integrated in the signal processing module 12 to calculate the amplitude change data and phase change data in the multi-channel detection signals, obtain the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue, perform motion artifact removal processing on the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue, and generate the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution characterizing the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain tissue for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image and other processing. Realize real-time processing of multiple scattering coefficients and absorption coefficients to obtain the real-time absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image.

[0071] Specifically, a signal processing module implemented by an FPGA hardware platform is taken as an example for illustration. The real-time data processing process is implemented on the FPGA hardware platform. This hardware platform can also be responsible for calculating the amplitude change data and phase change data in the multi-channel detection signals, obtaining the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue, and performing motion artifact removal processing on the corresponding scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of the brain tissue to improve the data quality and reliability of the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient. The FPGA hardware platform further calculates the absolute blood oxygen concentration in the brain tissue based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient, generates the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain characterizing the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, and is used to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. Therefore, it can be seen that this solution integrates multi-channel real-time data processing capabilities on the signal processing module, enabling the synchronous parallel processing of multi-channel data to be completed in the signal processing module, achieving efficient and real-time data processing and image generation. And the entire process of data processing and image generation is completed at the device end where the signal processing module is located. It does not need to rely on an external computer for offline analysis. It realizes the real-time generation of a three-dimensional brain function image characterizing the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain with high spatial resolution. That is, it realizes the function of real-time processing, obtains the absolute blood oxygen concentration, and can also generate a three-dimensional brain function image in real time, realizing real-time three-dimensional brain function imaging.

[0072] In some examples, the signal processing module further includes an AI data processing unit: the AI data processing unit is used to optimize the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to obtain the optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and send the optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to the user terminal, where the optimization process includes at least one of the following processes: image enhancement processing, abnormal area detection processing, and brain-computer interface signal classification processing.

[0073] Specifically, the AI data processing unit provides optimization and intelligent analysis functions for the signal processing module through deep learning algorithms. It can perform optimization processing and intelligent analysis on the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain generated in real time, which is used to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image. It can improve the resolution and stability of the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to characterize the three-dimensional brain function image, and can realize the identification of abnormal areas. The AI data processing unit can be deployed in the signal processing module to support end-to-end data processing and real-time analysis to ensure that the entire optimization process is completed quickly and efficiently, meeting the real-time and dynamic application requirements.

[0074] Specifically, the AI data processing unit processes the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images to improve the overall performance. First, through an image enhancement algorithm, the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images are improved, making the generated absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images clearer and more reliable. Second, using the anomaly detection function of the AI data processing unit, the abnormal brain function areas are automatically marked, providing strong auxiliary decision-making for clinical diagnosis. In addition, combined with deep learning algorithms, the AI data processing unit can also classify the signals based on the absolute blood oxygen concentration and the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images, providing intelligent support for application scenarios such as brain-computer interfaces.

[0075] Among them, the deep learning algorithm can be replaced by a design based on edge AI chips (such as NVIDIA Jetson series, Google Coral, etc.) to replace the related functions of the deep learning algorithm. When performing image enhancement on the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images, the image enhancement function can be implemented using machine learning models (such as support vector machines, random forests). When implementing the anomaly detection function, it can also be implemented using machine learning models (such as support vector machines, random forests, etc.), not limited to deep learning models.

[0076] In some examples, the system further includes: a power supply module for powering the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device; a communication module for enabling communication between the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be assembled on the head-mounted device and the signal processing module, and enabling communication between the signal processing module and the user terminal.

[0077] Optionally, the communication module can be a wireless communication module, for example, using WiFi or Bluetooth to achieve communication between the frequency domain measurement module and the signal processing module, and to achieve communication between the signal processing module and the user terminal.

[0078] Specifically, the power supply system uses a wearable battery as the power source.

[0079] Specifically, the Bluetooth or WiFi protocol used in the data transmission process can be replaced by ZigBee, LoRa or other low-power wireless communication technologies. The selection can be made specifically according to the transmission rate, coverage range and power consumption requirements.

[0080] Therefore, it can be seen that the portability and real-time performance of the system are ensured by the power supply module and the communication module. The power supply system uses a wearable battery as the power source, supports long-term stable operation of the device, and meets the continuous monitoring requirements. In terms of data transmission, the system communicates between different modules through wireless communication, and can transmit the processing results to terminal devices such as tablets and mobile phones in real time, facilitating users to view and analyze. It improves the operation convenience of the system and expands its applicability in dynamic monitoring and remote application scenarios.

[0081] Exemplarily, reference can be made to Figure 3 , the tissue to be measured can be a real head tissue or a prosthesis. Multiple frequency domain measurement modules can be installed in the head-mounted detection device, and each frequency domain measurement module independently interacts with the FPGA, that is, the frequency domain measurement modules in the head-mounted detection device can separately receive control information and separately interact with the FPGA. Each frequency domain measurement module wirelessly transmits the phase data and amplitude data corresponding to the brain tissue collected to the FPGA. The FPGA receives the phase change data and amplitude change data of the light passing through the corresponding brain tissue sent by each frequency domain measurement module through the front-end data receiving / transmitting unit. Calculate and process the phase data and amplitude data to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue. Adjust the system parameters through the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, and process the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue through the motion artifact elimination unit to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after removing the artifacts. Integrate other biological signals to process the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after removing the artifacts to obtain the absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution representing the absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. And use the AI data processing unit to process the absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time to obtain the processed absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and use the data output unit to send the processed absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time to the visualization interface of the user terminal. Among them, the visualization interface of the user terminal can display the absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time and perform data recording and management. It can also perform operation processing on the absolute cerebral oxygenation concentration distribution used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time through the operation interface.

[0082] Exemplarily, reference can be made to Figure 4, the user terminal in this solution can be a mobile phone or a computer. Through the visual interface of the mobile phone or computer, it can display the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain obtained by the signal processing module through calculating and processing the phase change data and amplitude change data acquired by multiple frequency domain measurement modules assembled on the head-mounted device, and the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain is obtained after real-time processing of the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. Specifically, the signal processing module includes a high-performance embedded processor that can perform high-concurrency processing and can quickly perform real-time processing on the acquired scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient. It also includes a 3D real-time brain function imaging function, which processes the acquired scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient in combination with other biological signals monitored by physiological signals to generate the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. And the integrated AI algorithm is used to process the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and the processed absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image, is displayed on the visual interface, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time. Among them, each frequency domain measurement module on the head-mounted device adopts a modular design, and this head-mounted device is also called an FD-DOT device with modular design. In addition, reference can also be made to Figure 4 , the signal processing module can be an FPGA or a PC. The information sent by the FD-DOT device with modular design is processed by the FPGA or PC to obtain the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image, is sent to the APP on the user terminal, and data such as the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, which is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image, can be presented on the APP.

[0083] In summary, a head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a plurality of frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on a head-wearable device. The plurality of frequency-domain measurement modules are configured to emit detection light to the brain tissue in real time, receive multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extract amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, compare them with the original transmitted signal to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals to a signal processing module; the signal processing module is configured to receive in real time the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image, and send the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to a user terminal; the user terminal is configured to receive and display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image. By using a plurality of frequency-domain measurement modules that can be assembled on a head-wearable device to measure multi-channel detection signals in real time, extracting amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, comparing them with the original transmitted signal to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, and performing calculation and processing on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals by the signal processing module to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, and calculating and presenting the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image. It enables real-time three-dimensional brain function imaging with high spatial resolution on the basis of being easy to wear, and can present in real time the generated real-time three-dimensional brain function image with high spatial resolution. In addition, the generated is the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, for real-time characterization of a three-dimensional brain function image, so that the accuracy of the obtained blood oxygen concentration is relatively high. Specifically, this solution adopts frequency-domain optical measurement technology to directly obtain the channel detection signals passing through the brain tissue, and calculates the absolute blood oxygen concentration in real time through the signal processing module, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of collecting blood oxygen concentration.

[0084] Specifically, this solution also adopts a lightweight and low-cost hardware design. The overall design is relatively simple, removing the limitations of traditional fiber optic layouts on the volume and weight of the device. At the same time, the use of general components reduces the development and manufacturing costs. For example, low-cost laser diodes or VCSELs, and high-sensitivity photodetectors are adopted. Combining with an on-board voltage-controlled oscillator to generate modulation signals effectively reduces the device cost, improves the portability of the system, and enhances the user experience. The power supply module composed of wearable batteries provides long-term power supply support for the head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, enabling the head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system to operate stably for a long time and meet the requirements of dynamic monitoring. The communication module implemented by wireless communication transmits data to the user terminal in real time. For example, the data is transmitted to the user terminal (such as a tablet or a mobile phone) in real time through wireless communication (such as WiFi or Bluetooth). While enhancing the user experience, it also supports remote medical treatment and monitoring applications. Therefore, the portability and user experience of the head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system are significantly improved, meeting the requirements of dynamic monitoring and remote medical scenarios.

[0085] In addition, the frequency domain measurement module in this solution adopts a modular design, and the light sources and photodetectors in each frequency domain measurement module can be flexibly arranged and combined to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. The number of channels can also be increased by adding frequency domain measurement modules, and the number of channels can be flexibly expanded by connecting different frequency domain measurement modules through general connectors and flexible circuit boards, which can support high-density three-dimensional imaging and significantly improve the spatial resolution of imaging. Multi-channel data is synchronously and parallelly processed based on the signal processing module. The generation of the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution is completed at the device end where the signal processing module is located, which is used to real-time characterize the three-dimensional brain function image without relying on an external computer for offline analysis, ensuring the real-time nature of the data and meeting the requirements of dynamic monitoring and rapid clinical decision-making. At the same time, a deep learning algorithm is also embedded in the FPGA to optimize the absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution generated in real time, which is used to real-time characterize the three-dimensional brain function image, including optimization processes such as image enhancement, abnormal area detection, and brain-computer interface signal classification, and can obtain a better absolute cerebral blood oxygen concentration distribution for real-time characterizing the three-dimensional brain function image, which is more conducive to obtaining high-precision brain imaging results. Combining with the pre-computed optical transfer model matrix, the generation of three-dimensional functional images of real-time multi-channel signals is realized, and the calculation method of the optical transfer model is optimized, improving the imaging efficiency and the ability to detect deep tissues. The signal processing module combines a real-time motion artifact cancellation algorithm to improve the stability and reliability of the measurement results, making the system more suitable for dynamic monitoring scenarios. The low cost, simplicity, scalability, and convenience of this system make it feasible in portable applications and large-scale promotion. For example, it has broad application prospects in the fields of medical diagnosis, brain-computer interface, and sports rehabilitation.

[0086] Example 2:

[0087] A high-resolution real-time functional imaging method for head-wearable devices in this embodiment is applied to the aforementioned head-wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, and its specific process can be as Figure 5 shown, including:

[0088] Step 201: Continuously emit detection light to the brain tissue in real time, receive multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extract the amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, and compare them with the original emission signals to obtain the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals;

[0089] Step 202: Based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals, calculate in real time the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue;

[0090] Step 203: Based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution in the brain for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images;

[0091] Step 204: Display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution in the brain for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images.

[0092] It should be understood that all or part of the steps in the aforementioned embodiment system can be implemented by corresponding methods, and no further elaboration will be provided here regarding the corresponding methods.

[0093] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present application, and in actual applications, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

[0094] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present application, and in actual applications, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of frequency domain measurement modules that can be mounted on the head-mounted device, wherein the plurality of frequency domain measurement modules are used to transmit detection light to the brain tissue in real time and receive a multi-channel detection signal after being reflected by the brain tissue, and extract amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signal, compare the amplitude data and phase data with the original transmission signal, obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, and send the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal to the signal processing module; The signal processing module is used to receive the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal in real time, and calculate the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, and calculate and present the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, so as to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time, and send the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to the user terminal; The user terminal is used to receive and display the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain, and is used to represent the three-dimensional brain function image in real time.

2. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: A power supply module, used to supply power to the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be mounted on the head-mounted device; A communication module is used to enable the multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be mounted on the head-mounted device to communicate with the signal processing module, and to enable the signal processing module to communicate with the user terminal.

3. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of frequency domain measurement modules that can be mounted on the head-mounted device comprises: a light source device, an onboard voltage-controlled oscillator and a light guide; The light source device is used to emit light to illuminate the target measured area of ​​the head; The onboard voltage-controlled oscillator is used to modulate the light source emitted by the light source device to generate a modulated light signal; the light guide is used to guide the modulated light signal to the target measured area, wherein the target measured area is a local area of ​​the head, and each of the channel detection signals is obtained based on the light signal after passing through the target measured area.

4. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each frequency domain measurement module further includes: a light detector and an analog circuit module; When the frequency domain measurement modules are used to receive the multi-channel detection signal reflected by the brain tissue, they are specifically used to: Using the optical detectors in the frequency domain measurement modules to collect optical signals after passing through the target measured area, and converting the optical signals into initial channel detection signals; Based on the analog circuit modules in each frequency domain measurement module, the initial channel detection signal is amplified to obtain the channel detection signal, and signal detection processing is performed on the channel detection signal to obtain amplitude data and phase data of the channel detection signal, and the channel detection signal is compared with the original transmission signal to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the channel detection signal.

5. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arrangement distance and / or arrangement angle between the light detector and the light source device in each frequency domain measurement module are not fixed.

6. The head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple frequency domain measurement modules that can be mounted on the head-mounted device are connected to each other via a universal connector and a flexible circuit board.

7. The head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a motion artifact elimination unit. Before the signal processing module calculates and presents the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue for real-time characterization of the three-dimensional brain function image, the motion artifact elimination unit is used to: perform motion artifact removal processing on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue to obtain the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after the motion artifacts are removed, and use the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient after the motion artifacts are removed as the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue.

8. The head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module also includes an AI data processing unit: The AI ​​data processing unit is used to optimize the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to obtain an optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images, and send the optimized absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain to a user terminal, wherein the optimization processing includes at least one of the following processing: image enhancement processing, abnormal area detection processing, and brain-computer interface signal classification processing.

9. The head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light source device is a laser diode.

10. A head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging method, applied to the head wearable high-resolution real-time functional imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: Transmitting detection light to brain tissue in real time and receiving multi-channel detection signals reflected by the brain tissue, extracting amplitude data and phase data of the multi-channel detection signals, and comparing them with the original transmission signals to obtain amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signals; Based on the amplitude change data and phase change data of the multi-channel detection signal, the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue are calculated in real time; Based on the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient corresponding to the brain tissue, the absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution of the brain is calculated and presented for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images; The absolute blood oxygen concentration distribution in the brain is displayed for real-time characterization of three-dimensional brain function images.

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