Battery pack fire extinguisher for electric vehicle and fire extinguishing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle and a fire extinguishing method thereof. The battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle includes: a pack case in the electric vehicle and accommodating a plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing tube in the pack case between adjacent battery modules of the plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing agent cartridge selectively connected to the fire extinguishing tube and installed in the electric vehicle, and configured to supply a fire extinguishing agent; a fire extinguishing water connector selectively connected to the fire extinguishing tube and configured to supply external fire extinguishing water; and a one-way flow valve for preventing backflow of the fire extinguishing agent or the fire extinguishing water, respectively, when the fire extinguishing agent cartridge or the fire extinguishing water connector is selectively connected to the fire extinguishing tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle and a method of extinguishing a fire therewith. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles currently on sale and in operation are subject to catching fire due to accidents or battery failures. To extinguish the fire, a method of installing a barrier around the burning vehicle and then filling the barrier with water to cool the battery and extinguish the fire is used.

[0003] However, with this method, early fire extinguishing response is difficult before the arrival of a fire truck, and a large amount of time and a large amount of water are required for battery fire extinguishing. In addition, since the fire extinguishing water is sprayed from the outside of the electric vehicle, the fire extinguishing efficiency is also very low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle that suppresses ignition of a battery pack by spraying a fire extinguishing agent contained in a fire extinguishing agent cylinder provided in the electric vehicle when an event (e.g., a thermal event) occurs. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle that suppresses ignition of a battery pack by extinguishing and cooling with a fire extinguishing agent once and then additionally cooling and extinguishing with external fire extinguishing water.

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for an electric vehicle that suppresses ignition of the battery pack by spraying a fire extinguishing agent provided in the electric vehicle when an event occurs. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for an electric vehicle that suppresses ignition of the battery pack by first cooling and extinguishing with a fire extinguishing agent and then secondly cooling with external fire extinguishing water.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle includes: a group housing that is provided in the electric vehicle and houses a plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing pipe that is provided in the group housing between adjacent battery modules among the plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing agent cylinder that is selectively connected to the fire extinguishing pipe and is installed in the electric vehicle and is configured to supply a fire extinguishing agent; a fire extinguishing water connector that is selectively connected to the fire extinguishing pipe and is configured to supply external fire extinguishing water; and a one-way flow valve that selectively connects the fire extinguishing agent cylinder or the fire extinguishing water connector to the fire extinguishing pipe to prevent backflow of the fire extinguishing agent or fire extinguishing water, respectively.

[0007] The group housing may include a rupture disk that is configured to open when an internal pressure in the group housing increases.

[0008] The group housing may include a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature rise in the group housing and send a corresponding detection signal to a controller.

[0009] The group housing may include a pressure relief valve configured to open when the internal pressure in the group housing rises.

[0010] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder may include an electromagnetic valve at an outlet of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder connected to the fire extinguishing pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the controller to supply and block the fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing pipe.

[0011] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder may have an orifice at an outlet of the electromagnetic valve, and the orifice is configured to control the injection pressure of the fire extinguishing agent entering the fire extinguishing pipe.

[0012] The fire extinguishing water connector may be a single-touch connector.

[0013] The installation position of the fire extinguishing pipe may be higher than 1 / 3 of the height of the group housing.

[0014] The fire extinguishing pipe may have an opening and an opening member, the opening corresponding to each of the plurality of battery modules, and the opening member is configured to open the opening in response to a temperature rise in the corresponding battery module.

[0015] According to an embodiment, a method for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for an electric vehicle includes: when the temperature in a group housing accommodating battery modules rises due to thermal deformation and ignition of the fire extinguishing pipe, opening an opening in the fire extinguishing pipe; comparing a temperature rise value according to an input signal of a temperature sensor in the group housing with a reference value stored in a controller to determine whether the temperature rise value is higher than the reference value; if the temperature rise value is higher than the reference value, supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing pipe to spray on the battery modules to perform primary cooling and extinguishing of the battery modules with the fire extinguishing agent; and after the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted, supplying external fire extinguishing water to the fire extinguishing pipe to perform secondary cooling and extinguishing of the battery modules with the fire extinguishing water.

[0016] The opening of the opening in the fire extinguishing pipe may include: opening an electromagnetic valve of a fire extinguishing agent cylinder through the controller; spraying the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent cylinder through the opening of the fire extinguishing pipe; performing primary cooling and extinguishing of the ignited battery modules with the fire extinguishing agent; filling the interior of the group housing with the fire extinguishing agent; and continuously cooling the ignited battery modules until the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted.

[0017] The supply of the external fire extinguishing water may include: after the primary cooling and extinguishing, connecting the fire extinguishing pipe to an external fire extinguishing water pipe; and continuously cooling the burning battery module by spraying the fire extinguishing water into the interior of the group housing.

[0018] Since the battery pack fire extinguisher is equipped with a fire extinguishing agent cylinder containing a fire extinguishing agent in an electric vehicle, and when an event occurs, the fire extinguishing agent is directly and concentratedly sprayed onto the burning battery module to extinguish it, thereby suppressing the fire of the battery pack in the early stage.

[0019] According to an embodiment, when an event occurs, the fire of the battery pack is suppressed by spraying the fire extinguishing agent stored in the electric vehicle, and then external fire extinguishing water is connected through a fire extinguishing water connector to supply sufficient fire extinguishing water to the burning battery module for secondary extinguishing and cooling, thereby further suppressing the fire of the battery pack. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a perspective view of the battery pack fire extinguisher shown in

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Figure 2

[0023] Figure 4 is a flowchart describing a battery pack fire extinguishing method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 5 is a description of Figure 4 the third step of the method described in

[0025] Figure 6 is a description of Figure 4 the fourth step of the method described in

[0026] Description of the Reference Numerals

[0027] 10: Battery module 20: Group housing

[0028] 21: Rupture disc 22: Temperature sensor

[0029] 23: Pressure reducing valve 30: Fire extinguishing pipe

[0030] 31: Opening 32: Opening member

[0031] 40: Fire extinguishing agent cylinder 41: Solenoid valve

[0032] ​42: Orifice 50: Fire extinguishing water connector

[0033] 60: Check valve 70: Electric vehicle

[0034] 80: Controller Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In the following, the present disclosure will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, all of which do not depart from the scope of the present disclosure. The drawings and the description are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive in nature.

[0036] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on", "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to or coupled to the other element or layer, or there can also be one or more intervening elements or layers. When an element or layer is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers. For example, when a first element is described as being "coupled" or "connected" to a second element, the first element can be directly coupled or connected to the second element, or the first element can be indirectly coupled or connected to the second element via one or more intervening elements.

[0037] In the drawings, for the sake of clarity, the sizes of various elements, layers, etc. can be enlarged. The same reference numerals denote the same elements. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Further, when describing embodiments of the present disclosure, the use of "may" relates to "one or more embodiments of the present disclosure". Expressions such as "at least one of..." and "any one of..." modify the entire list of elements after the list of elements, rather than individual elements of the list. For example, the expression "at least one of a, b and c" means only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b and c, or variants thereof. As used herein, the term "use" can be considered synonymous with the term "utilize". As used herein, the terms "substantially", "about" and similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent variations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0038] It will be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section.

[0039] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "beneath", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, an element described as "beneath" or "below" another element or feature will then be oriented "above" or "over" the other element or feature. Thus, the term "below" can encompass both an orientation above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0040] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification, specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0041] In view of the entirety of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that each suitable feature of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined in whole or in part with each other, and may be interlocked and operated technically in various suitable ways, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of each other or in combination with each other in any suitable way, unless otherwise stated or implied.

[0042] The controller and / or any other relevant device or component according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., application specific integrated circuit), software, and / or a suitable combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, the various components of the controller can be formed on one integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Additionally, the various components of the controller can be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, tape carrier package (TCP), printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on the same substrate as the substrate of the controller. Further, the various components of the controller can be processes or threads running on one or more processors in one or more computing devices that execute computer program instructions and interact with other system components to perform the various functions described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in a memory, which can be implemented in a computing device using a standard storage device (e.g., random access memory (RAM)). The computer program instructions can also be stored in other non - transitory computer - readable media (e.g., CD - ROM, flash drive, etc.). Moreover, those skilled in the art should recognize that, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the functions of various computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a particular computing device can be distributed over one or more other computing devices.

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment. Referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack fire extinguisher (also referred to as a "battery pack fire suppressor") for an electric vehicle includes a battery module 10, a group housing 20, a fire extinguishing pipe 30, a fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40, a fire extinguishing water connector 50, and a one - way flow valve (e.g., a check valve) 60, wherein the battery module 10 includes a plurality of built - in battery cells. The battery pack fire extinguisher is installed in an electric vehicle 70.

[0044] A plurality of battery modules 10 are provided to enable the electric vehicle 70 to generate sufficient output (e.g., to sufficiently power the electric vehicle 70), and each battery module includes rechargeable batteries connected in series and in parallel. The group housing 20 can be formed by the body of the electric vehicle 70 or can be separately manufactured and assembled into the body. The group housing 20 can accommodate a plurality of battery modules 10.

[0045] The group housing 20 can be equipped with (e.g., can include on one side) a rupture disk 21. In the case of a fire in the batteries within the battery module 10, the internal pressure of the group housing 20 may increase. In response to the increased internal pressure, the rupture disk 21 opens (e.g., bursts) and releases the internal pressure of the group housing 20, thereby preventing the battery cells or the battery module 10 from exploding.

[0046] The group housing 20 may be equipped with (e.g., may include on one side) a temperature sensor 22. The temperature sensor 22 detects an increase in temperature caused by a battery fire within the battery module 10 and sends a detection signal to the controller 80.

[0047] The group housing 20 may be equipped with (e.g., may include on one side) a pressure relief valve 23. The pressure relief valve 23 opens (e.g., bursts) when the internal pressure of the group housing 20 increases to prevent the battery cells or the battery module 10 from exploding.

[0048] The pressure relief valve 23 opens in response to an internal pressure that is lower than the opening pressure of the rupture disk 21. By opening the pressure relief valve 23, the internal pressure of the group housing 20 can reach an appropriate level. However, if the pressure continues to rise even after the pressure relief valve 23 opens and reaches the opening pressure of the rupture disk 21, the rupture disk 21 also opens.

[0049] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a perspective view of the battery pack fire extinguisher shown in Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Figure 2 . Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the fire extinguishing pipe 30 is installed inside the group housing 20 between the battery modules 10. The fire extinguishing pipe 30 is configured to supply a fire extinguishing agent or fire extinguishing water to the burning battery module 10.

[0050] In this embodiment, a single fire extinguishing pipe 30 is illustrated, but when the number of battery modules 10 increases, fire extinguishing pipes may be placed between each of the battery modules 10 (e.g., between every two adjacent battery modules 10) to supply the fire extinguishing agent and fire extinguishing water between each of the battery modules 10.

[0051] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 and the fire extinguishing water connector 50 are selectively connected to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 through a one-way flow valve 60, such that the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 can supply (e.g., can selectively supply) the fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing water connector 50 can supply external fire extinguishing water.

[0052] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 is installed on (or in) the electric vehicle 70 and is connected to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 through the one-way flow valve 60. The fire extinguishing water connector 50 is installed on (or in) the electric vehicle 70 and is connected to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 through the one-way flow valve 60.

[0053] The one-way flow valve 60 selectively connects the fire extinguishing pipe 30 to the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 or the fire extinguishing water connector 50. When supplying the fire extinguishing agent or fire extinguishing water to the fire extinguishing pipe 30, the one-way flow valve 60 prevents the fire extinguishing agent from flowing back to the fire extinguishing water connector 50 and prevents the fire extinguishing water from flowing back to the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40, respectively.

[0054] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 is provided with (e.g., includes) a solenoid valve 41 at the outlet connected to the fire extinguishing pipe 30. The solenoid valve 41 is controlled by the controller 80 to control the supply and blockage of the fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 through the one-way flow valve 60 to the fire extinguishing pipe 30.

[0055] The fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 has an orifice 42 at the outlet of the solenoid valve 41. The orifice 42 controls the ejection (or outlet) pressure of the fire extinguishing agent supplied from the solenoid valve 41 through the one-way flow valve 60 to the fire extinguishing pipe 30.

[0056] As an example, the fire extinguishing water connector 50 can be a single-touch connector or a quick connector. The fire extinguishing water connector 50 is configured to quickly supply fire extinguishing water due to the fire of the battery module 10.

[0057] For this purpose, the fire extinguishing water connector 50 can be provided around the charging port of the electric vehicle 70, and in a hybrid vehicle, it can be provided around the fuel inlet.

[0058] The installation position H1 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 can be a position higher than 1 / 3 of the height H of the group housing 20 (H1≥H / 3). When the battery module 10 catches fire, that is, when the fire initially occurs, the fire extinguishing pipe 30 opens, ejects the fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing agent fills the inside of the group housing 20. The installation position H1 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 can be set considering the capacity of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40.

[0059] As an example, when the installation position H1 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 is higher than 1 / 3 of the height of the battery cell, the fire extinguishing agent can be filled to more than 1 / 3 of the height of the battery cell. Therefore, the primary cooling and extinguishing of the burning battery cell can be more effective. For convenience, the height of the battery cell can be referred to as the height of the battery module 10, which is lower than the height H of the group housing 20.

[0060] In some embodiments, considering the diameter of the fire extinguishing pipe 30, the fire extinguishing pipe 30 is located at a height of about 50 mm or higher from the bottom of the group housing 20. Considering the capacity of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40, the capacity of the group housing 20, and the primary cooling and extinguishing of the burning battery module 10 or battery cell, the solenoid valve 41 and the orifice 42 can be filled at a certain speed. As an example, the solenoid valve 41 and the orifice 42 can be filled at a speed of about 1 LPM (liters per minute) or higher.

[0061] The fire extinguishing pipe 30 has openings 31 corresponding to each of the battery modules 10, and an opening member 32 configured to open the corresponding opening 31 in the openings 31 in response to the elevated temperature of the burning battery module 10.

[0062] For example, the opening member 32 opens the opening 31 closest to the fire based on the ignition temperature of the battery module 10, allowing the fire extinguishing agent supplied to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 to accumulate and be supplied to the ignited battery module 10. The battery module 10 is cooled and extinguished once by the supplied fire extinguishing agent.

[0063] Figure 4 is a flowchart depicting a method for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment. Figure 5 is a description of Figure 4 the third step of the method described in Figure 6 is a description of Figure 4 the fourth step of the method described in

[0064] Referring to Figures 4 to 6 , a method for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack for an electric vehicle (also referred to as a "battery pack extinguishing method") includes a first step ST1, a second step ST2, a third step ST3, and a fourth step ST4. In the first step ST1, when the temperature rises, thermal deformation and ignition of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 in the group housing 20 including the battery module 10 occur, and the opening 31 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 is opened.

[0065] When the temperature inside the group housing 20 rises due to the ignition of the battery module 10 in the first step ST1, the opening member 32 that blocks the opening 31 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30 thermally deforms (e.g., melts) and opens the opening 31. The opening member 32 can be formed of a resin material capable of opening the opening 31 through thermal deformation.

[0066] In the second step ST2, a temperature sensor 22 provided in the group housing 20 detects the temperature that has risen due to the ignition of the battery module 10, and inputs a detection signal to the controller 80. The controller 80 compares the temperature rise value according to the input signal with a reference value (e.g., a predetermined value) of the controller 80, and determines whether the temperature rise value is higher than the reference value.

[0067] In the third step ST3, when the temperature rise value detected by the temperature sensor 22 is greater than the reference value, a fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 to be sprayed onto the battery module 10. Thus, in the third step ST3, the battery module 10 is cooled and extinguished once with the fire extinguishing agent.

[0068] Referring to Figure 5 , the third step ST3 includes a third / first step ST31, a third / second step ST32, a third / third step ST33, a third / fourth step ST34, and a third / fifth step ST35. In the third / first step ST31, the solenoid valve 41 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 is opened by the controller 80.

[0069] The controller 80 compares the temperature rise value based on the input signal of the temperature sensor 22 with the reference value of the controller 80, and if it is determined that the temperature rise value is higher than the reference value, the solenoid valve 41 is opened.

[0070] In the third / second step ST32, due to the opening of the solenoid valve 41, the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 is supplied to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 through the solenoid valve 41 and the one-way flow valve 60 and is ejected through the opening 31 of the fire extinguishing pipe 30. Since the opening 31 is open, the fire extinguishing agent is centrally ejected onto the burning battery module 10 adjacent to the opening 31.

[0071] In the third / third step ST33, the fire extinguishing agent is centrally ejected onto the burning battery module 10, thereby performing primary cooling and extinguishing of the battery module 10. The ignition and flames of the battery module 10 can be completely extinguished by the fire extinguishing agent in the early stage of ignition.

[0072] In the third / fourth step ST34, the inside of the group housing 20 is filled with the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 ejects the fire extinguishing agent into the inside of the group housing 20 until the stored fire extinguishing agent is exhausted. In the third / fifth step ST35, the burning battery module 10 and the built-in battery cells are continuously cooled until the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted.

[0073] As an example, the fire extinguishing agent can be dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one sold as Novac 1230 by 3M Corporation. After the ejection of the fire extinguishing agent is completed, the fire extinguishing agent remaining in the group housing 20 cools the inside of the group housing 20 by continuous vaporization (e.g., by undergoing a phase change).

[0074] For this reason, in the present embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 40 having the built-in fire extinguishing agent is installed on the electric vehicle 70, so that when an event occurs, the fire extinguishing agent can be centrally ejected onto the burning battery module 10 for primary cooling and extinguishing, thereby suppressing the ignition of the battery pack in the early stage.

[0075] In the fourth step ST4, after the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted, external fire extinguishing water is supplied to the fire extinguishing pipe 30 through the fire extinguishing water connector 50 and the one-way flow valve 60 to perform secondary cooling and extinguishing of the burning battery module 10 with the fire extinguishing water. For example, the burning battery module 10 is extinguished by primary cooling with the fire extinguishing agent, and then the burning battery module 10 is extinguished by secondary cooling with the fire extinguishing water.

[0076] Reference Figure 6, the fourth step ST4 includes: a fourth / first step ST41 of connecting the fire extinguishing pipe 30 to an external fire extinguishing water pipe after primary cooling and extinguishing; and a fourth / second step ST42 of spraying fire extinguishing water into the inside of the unit housing 20 to continuously cool the on-fire battery module 10.

[0077] As described above, when an event (e.g., a thermal event) occurs, the fire extinguishing agent provided in (or stored in) the electric vehicle is sprayed to suppress the ignition of the battery pack at an early stage, and then external fire extinguishing water is connected and supplied through the fire extinguishing water connector to secondarily extinguish and cool the battery pack, thereby further suppressing the ignition (or re-ignition) of the battery pack.

[0078] Although the present disclosure has been described in connection with presently considered practical embodiments, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack fire extinguisher for an electric vehicle, the battery pack fire extinguisher comprising: A battery housing, in the electric vehicle, accommodating a plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing pipe, in the group housing, between adjacent battery modules among the plurality of battery modules; a fire extinguishing agent cartridge selectively connected to the fire extinguishing pipe and installed in the electric vehicle and configured to supply a fire extinguishing agent; a fire extinguishing water connector selectively connected to the fire extinguishing pipe and configured to supply external fire extinguishing water; as well as A one-way flow valve selectively connects the fire extinguishing agent cartridge or the fire extinguishing water connector to the fire extinguishing pipe to prevent backflow of the fire extinguishing agent or the fire extinguishing water, respectively. 2 . The battery fire extinguisher of claim 1 , wherein the pack housing includes a rupture disk configured to open when internal pressure inside the pack housing increases. 3 . The battery fire extinguisher according to claim 1 , wherein the pack case includes a pressure relief valve configured to open when an internal pressure inside the pack case increases.

4. The battery pack fire extinguisher according to claim 1, wherein the pack housing includes a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature increase within the battery module and send a corresponding detection signal to a controller.

5. The battery fire extinguisher according to claim 4, wherein the fire extinguishing agent cartridge comprises a solenoid valve at an outlet of the fire extinguishing agent cartridge connected to the fire extinguishing pipe, the solenoid valve being controlled by the controller and configured to supply and block the fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing pipe. 6 . The battery fire extinguisher according to claim 5 , wherein the fire extinguishing agent cartridge has an orifice at the outlet of the solenoid valve, the orifice being configured to control the injection pressure of the fire extinguishing agent into the fire extinguishing pipe.

7. The battery fire extinguisher according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing water connector is a one-touch coupling.

8. The battery pack fire extinguisher according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing pipe is installed at a position higher than 1 / 3 of the height of the pack casing.

9. A battery pack fire extinguisher according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing pipe has a plurality of openings and an opening member, the plurality of openings corresponding to each of the plurality of battery modules, and the opening member is configured to open one or more of the plurality of openings in response to an increased temperature of a corresponding one or more battery modules in the plurality of battery modules.

10. A method for extinguishing a battery pack fire in an electric vehicle, the method comprising: Opening the opening of the fire extinguishing pipe in the pack housing accommodating the battery module in response to thermal deformation of the fire extinguishing pipe due to temperature increase; comparing a temperature increase value according to an input signal of a temperature sensor in the group housing with a reference value stored in a controller to determine whether the temperature increase value is higher than the reference value; When the temperature increase value is higher than the reference value, supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing pipe to be sprayed onto the battery module, so as to perform primary cooling and extinguishing of the battery module with the fire extinguishing agent; as well as After the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted, external fire extinguishing water is supplied to the fire extinguishing pipe to perform secondary cooling and extinguishing of the battery module with the fire extinguishing water.

11. The battery pack fire extinguishing method according to claim 10, wherein the supplying the fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishing pipe comprises: Opening the solenoid valve of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder through the controller; spraying the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent cartridge through the opening of the fire extinguishing pipe; Using the fire extinguishing agent to cool and extinguish the battery module on fire at one time; filling the interior of the group housing with the fire extinguishing agent; as well as The battery module on fire is continuously cooled until the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted.

12. The battery pack fire extinguishing method according to claim 10, wherein the supplying external fire extinguishing water to the fire extinguishing pipe comprises: After the primary cooling and extinguishing, connecting the fire extinguishing pipe to an external fire extinguishing water pipe; as well as The battery module on fire is continuously cooled by spraying the fire extinguishing water into the interior of the pack housing.

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