A milling cutter with a replaceable cutting edge

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of milling cutters and relates to a milling cutter facilitating replacement of cutting edges, which comprises a main shaft, a cutter disc, cutter sleeves and a cutter fixing mechanism, the bottom of the main shaft is connected with the cutter disc through threads, the outer lower part of the cutter disc is connected with the cutter sleeves uniformly and at intervals in the circumferential direction, the cutter sleeves are provided with cutter grooves, cutter heads can be installed in the cutter grooves, the cutter disc is provided with the cutter fixing mechanism, and the cutter fixing mechanism is used for fixing the cutter heads. When the cutter heads of the milling cutter are replaced, the positioning rods can loosen the cutter heads by only pulling the sliding shafts to move upward, then the replacement operation of the cutter heads can be performed, and after the replacement is completed, the sliding shafts can be controlled to move downward, so that the replacement operation of the cutter heads is more convenient and the replacement efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of milling cutters, and relates to a milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges. Background Technology

[0002] Milling machines are multi-functional machine tools widely used in various machining applications. They can perform a variety of machining operations on workpieces using different types of milling cutters, including but not limited to plane machining, groove cutting, manufacturing of geared parts, helical surface formation, and machining of complex curved surfaces. In addition, milling machines are also suitable for surface treatment of rotating bodies, internal hole finishing, and material cutting. During milling operations, milling cutters are required for cutting. Common milling cutters are of two types: integral and split. Split-type milling cutters consist of multiple independent cutter heads, which need to be individually mounted on a tool holder.

[0003] When assembling existing split-type end mills, the cutter head is first manually assembled onto the cutter shank. After assembly, the cutter head is then fixed with screws. When replacing the cutter head, the original screws need to be removed, the new cutter head installed, and the screws tightened to fix the cutter head. Each time the cutter head is replaced, multiple screws need to be disassembled and assembled back and forth, which is quite laborious and results in low work efficiency when replacing the cutter head. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges.

[0005] The technical implementation of the present invention is as follows: a milling cutter that facilitates cutting edge replacement includes a spindle, a mounting cutter disc, a mounting cutter sleeve, and a tool fixing mechanism. The bottom of the spindle is threadedly connected to the mounting cutter disc. Mounting cutter sleeves are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the lower outer side of the mounting cutter disc. A mounting groove is formed in the mounting cutter sleeve, and the cutter head can be installed in the mounting groove. The mounting cutter disc is provided with a tool fixing mechanism for fixing the cutter head.

[0006] Optionally, the tool fixing mechanism includes positioning rods, a piston plate, and a pressing assembly. Multiple hydraulic chambers are evenly spaced circumferentially on the lower outer side of the mounting tool disc. The number of hydraulic chambers matches the number of mounting tool sleeves and is positioned close to them. A piston plate is slidably connected within each hydraulic chamber. Multiple positioning rods are evenly spaced on the side of the piston plate near the mounting tool slot. The positioning rods pass through the mounting tool sleeves and extend into the mounting guide groove. A pressing assembly is provided on the mounting tool disc, which can drive the piston plate to move.

[0007] Optionally, the extrusion assembly includes a sliding shaft, an elastic element, and a piston block. A liquid guide groove is provided at the top of the hydraulic chamber, and the top of the liquid guide groove is connected to an installation groove. A sliding shaft is slidably connected in the installation groove. The top of the sliding shaft extends out of the installation cutter disc and slides in cooperation with the installation cutter disc. A piston block is connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft. The installation groove, the hydraulic chamber, and the liquid guide groove are all filled with hydraulic oil. An elastic element is connected between the piston block and the top of the installation groove.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a guide rod, a positioning block, and an elastic element II. The guide rod is connected to the middle of the lower part of the main shaft, and the positioning blocks are slidably connected to both sides of the guide rod. The elastic element II is connected between the positioning blocks and the main shaft.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a synchronization control mechanism, which includes a fixed disk, a rotating sleeve, and a contact shaft. The fixed disk is connected to the upper outer side of the mounting blade disc, and the rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer ring of the fixed disk. Multiple inclined grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference on the outer side of the rotating sleeve. The number of inclined grooves is the same as the number of sliding shafts. A contact shaft is connected to the sliding shaft, and the contact shaft is located in the inclined groove.

[0010] Optionally, the bottom end of the inclined groove is flat, and when the contact shaft moves to the bottom end of the inclined groove, the top plane of the contact shaft contacts the bottom plane of the inclined groove.

[0011] Optionally, a friction washer is provided on the outer side of the rotating sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes an adjustment mechanism, which includes a sliding ring, a guide shaft, an adjusting screw, a compression piston, and an adjusting rod. The guide shaft is connected to the mounting cutter head, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the mounting cutter head, and the sliding ring is slidably connected to the guide shaft. The sliding ring is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw. Four hydraulic channels are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cutter head. A connecting groove is formed in the middle of the mounting cutter head, and the connecting groove communicates with the hydraulic channels. A compression piston is slidably connected within the hydraulic channels, and the top of the compression piston is connected to the sliding ring. Multiple injection grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cutter head. The two sides of each injection groove communicate with the mounting cutter groove and the connecting groove, respectively. The number of injection grooves is the same as the number of mounting cutter sleeves. An adjusting rod is slidably connected within each injection groove, and the adjusting rod extends into the mounting guide groove. The injection grooves, hydraulic channels, and connecting grooves are all filled with hydraulic oil.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping plate and an elastic element three. The clamping plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the mounting groove, and the elastic element three is connected between the clamping plate and the mounting groove.

[0014] 1. When changing the milling cutter head, this invention only requires pulling the sliding shaft upward to release the positioning rod, which then allows for the replacement of the cutter head. After the replacement is completed, the sliding shaft can be controlled to move downward, making the cutter head replacement operation more convenient and efficient.

[0015] 2. During the cutting process, the present invention can lock the position between the mounting tool head and the spindle by moving the positioning block outward, thereby locking the mounting tool head and the spindle, helping to fix the mounting tool head and preventing the mounting tool head from loosening during the cutting process.

[0016] 3. After the cutter head is installed, the sliding ring can be moved up and down by rotating the adjusting screw, which in turn moves the extrusion piston up and down to adjust the position of the adjusting rod, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the extension length of the cutter head. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle, tool holder, and tool sleeve of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a second cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the tool fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the tool fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous control mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of part A in the image.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism after the cutter head is cut open according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of part B in the image.

[0028] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] The components in the attached diagram are labeled as follows: 1: Main shaft, 2: Tool holder, 3: Tool sleeve, 4: Tool groove, 51: Sliding shaft, 52: Elastic element one, 53: Piston block, 54: Liquid guide groove, 55: Piston plate, 56: Positioning rod, 57: Hydraulic chamber, 58: Mounting groove, 61: Guide rod, 62: Positioning block, 63: Elastic element two, 71: Fixed plate, 72: Rotating sleeve, 73: Inclined groove, 74: Contact shaft, 81: Sliding ring, 82: Guide shaft, 83: Adjusting screw, 84: Extrusion piston, 85: Hydraulic channel, 86: Connecting groove, 87: Liquid injection groove, 88: Adjusting rod, 91: Pressure plate, 92: Elastic element three, 100: Tool head. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside used in this text are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit the invention.

[0031] A type of end mill that allows for easy cutting edge replacement, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a spindle 1, a tool holder 2, a tool sleeve 3, and a tool fixing mechanism. The bottom of the spindle 1 is connected to the tool holder 2 by a thread. The tool sleeve 3 is connected to the lower outer side of the tool holder 2 at even intervals along the circumference. The tool sleeve 3 has a tool groove 4, and the tool head 100 can be installed in the tool groove 4. The tool holder 2 is provided with a tool fixing mechanism, which is used to fix the tool head 100.

[0032] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the tool fixing mechanism includes positioning rods 56, piston plates 55, and extrusion components. Multiple hydraulic chambers 57 are evenly spaced circumferentially on the lower outer side of the mounting blade disc 2. The number of hydraulic chambers 57 is the same as the number of mounting blade sleeves 3 and they are positioned close to the mounting blade sleeves 3. Piston plates 55 are slidably connected within each hydraulic chamber 57. Multiple positioning rods 56 are evenly spaced on the side of the piston plate 55 near the mounting blade groove 4. The positioning rods 56 pass through the mounting blade sleeves 3 and extend into the mounting guide groove. The positioning rods 56 can slide at the mounting blade sleeves 3. After the blade head 100 is installed in the mounting blade groove 4, the positioning rods 56 can move to abut against the blade head 100, assisting in fixing the blade head 100. An extrusion component is provided on the mounting blade disc 2, which can drive the piston plates 55 to move.

[0033] like Figures 4-6As shown, the extrusion assembly includes a sliding shaft 51, an elastic element 52, and a piston block 53. A fluid guide groove 54 is provided at the top of the hydraulic chamber 57, and the top of the fluid guide groove 54 is connected to an installation groove 58. The sliding shaft 51 is slidably connected within the installation groove 58. The top of the sliding shaft 51 extends through the installation cutter disc 2 and slides in cooperation with it. The bottom of the sliding shaft 51 is connected to the piston block 53. The installation groove 58, the hydraulic chamber 57, and the fluid guide groove 54 are all filled with hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil in the installation groove 58 is located below the piston block 53, so that the piston block 53 can move up and down to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic chamber 57 through the fluid guide groove 54, thereby driving the piston plate 55 to move. An elastic element 52, which is a compression spring, is connected between the piston block 53 and the top of the installation groove 58.

[0034] When using this milling cutter, if it is necessary to change the cutter head 100, first pull the sliding shaft 51 upward. The upward movement of the sliding shaft 51 drives the piston block 53 upward, compressing the elastic element 52. When the piston block 53 moves upward, it can draw liquid from the hydraulic chamber 57 through the guide groove 54, thereby causing the piston plate 55 to move along the hydraulic chamber 57. When the piston plate 55 moves, it drives the positioning rod 56 to move. At this time, the cutter head 100 can be placed into the mounting sleeve 3. After placing it, release the sliding shaft 51. Under the action of the elastic element 52, the sliding shaft 51 moves downward, bringing... When the piston block 53 moves downward, it can inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 57 through the guide groove 54, thereby causing the piston plate 55 to move in the direction of the mounting sleeve 3. When the piston plate 55 moves, it can drive the positioning rod 56 to move together, so that the positioning rod 56 abuts against the cutter head 100, assisting in fixing the cutter head 100 of the milling cutter. In this way, the cutter head 100 can be replaced by operating this milling cutter. Moreover, during replacement, only the sliding shaft 51 needs to be moved to install and replace the cutter head 100, making the operation more convenient and the replacement efficiency higher.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a guide rod 61, a positioning block 62, and an elastic element 63. The guide rod 61 is connected to the middle of the lower part of the spindle 1. The positioning blocks 62 are slidably connected to both sides of the guide rod 61. In the initial state, the positioning blocks 62 are located inside the guide rod 61. The positioning blocks 62 can be moved to the mounting position of the tool disc 2. The elastic element 63 is connected between the positioning block 62 and the spindle 1. The elastic element 63 is a connecting spring.

[0036] During milling operations using this milling cutter, the spindle 1 rotates, causing the guide rod 61 and the positioning block 62 to rotate. When the positioning block 62 rotates, it is thrown out by centrifugal force to the mounting head 2. At this time, the positioning block 62 is located between the mounting head 2 and the spindle 1, and the elastic element 63 is stretched. During milling operations, it can lock the mounting head 2 and the spindle 1, preventing the mounting head 2 from becoming loose or from continuing to rotate along the spindle 1 during the cutting process, which could lead to stripping.

[0037] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a synchronization control mechanism, which includes a fixed disk 71, a rotating sleeve 72, and a contact shaft 74. The fixed disk 71 is connected to the upper outer side of the mounting blade disc 2. The rotating sleeve 72 is rotatably connected to the outer ring of the fixed disk 71. A plurality of inclined grooves 73 are evenly spaced along the circumference on the outer side of the rotating sleeve 72. The number of inclined grooves 73 is the same as the number of sliding shafts 51. The contact shaft 74 is connected to the sliding shaft 51. The contact shaft 74 is located in the inclined groove 73 so that when the rotating sleeve 72 rotates, it drives the inclined groove 73 to rotate. The rotation of the inclined groove 73 can squeeze the contact shaft 74 to move.

[0038] When using this milling cutter, if the insert needs to be replaced, the operator can manually rotate the friction washer. The rotation of the friction washer drives the rotating sleeve 72, which in turn drives the inclined groove 73. The inclined groove 73, in turn, presses the contact shaft 74 upwards. The upward movement of the contact shaft 74 then drives the sliding shaft 51 upwards. This allows for the simultaneous replacement of the cutter head 100. After replacement, the friction washer is rotated in the opposite direction. This method allows for convenient and unified replacement of the cutter head 100. Furthermore, after installing the cutter head 100, the inclined groove... The bottom plane of the groove 73 abuts against the contact shaft 74, thereby holding the sliding shaft 51 in place and preventing the sliding shaft 51 from moving upward during the cutting process, which would cause the cutter head 100 to loosen. The bottom end of the groove 73 is flat. When the contact shaft 74 moves to the bottom end of the groove 73, the top plane of the contact shaft 74 contacts the bottom plane of the groove 73, so that the groove 73 can hold against the contact shaft 74 and prevent the contact shaft 74 from moving upward. A friction washer is provided on the outside of the rotating sleeve 72. Rotating the friction washer can drive the rotating sleeve 72 to rotate. The friction washer can increase the friction force when the user holds the sleeve, preventing slippage when the rotating sleeve 72 is rotated.

[0039] like Figures 9-11As shown, it also includes an adjustment mechanism, which includes a sliding ring 81, a guide shaft 82, an adjusting screw 83, a compression piston 84, and an adjusting rod 88. The guide shaft 82 is connected to the left side of the mounting cutter head 2, and the adjusting screw 83 is rotatably connected to the right side of the mounting cutter head 2. The sliding ring 81 is slidably connected to the guide shaft 82. The sliding ring 81 is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw 83 so that the rotation of the adjusting screw 83 can drive the sliding ring 81 to move up and down. Four hydraulic channels 85 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cutter head 2. A connecting groove 86 is provided in the middle of the mounting cutter head 2. The connecting groove 86 is connected to the hydraulic... The hydraulic channel 85 is connected, and a compression piston 84 is slidably connected inside the hydraulic channel 85. The top of the compression piston 84 is connected to the sliding ring 81. Multiple injection grooves 87 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cutter disc 2. The two sides of the injection grooves 87 are connected to the mounting cutter groove 4 and the connecting groove 86, respectively. The number of injection grooves 87 is the same as the number of mounting cutter sleeves 3. An adjusting rod 88 is slidably connected inside the injection groove 87. The adjusting rod 88 extends into the mounting guide groove. After the cutter head 100 is installed, the cutter head 100 contacts the adjusting rod 88. The injection grooves 87, the hydraulic channel 85 and the connecting groove 86 are all filled with hydraulic oil.

[0040] During the installation of the cutter head 100, if it is necessary to adjust the extension length of the cutter head 100, the adjusting screw 83 can be rotated. When the adjusting screw 83 rotates, it can drive the sliding ring 81 to move up and down through the thread. When the sliding ring 81 moves up and down, it can drive the squeezing piston 84 to move up and down. When the squeezing piston 84 moves downward, it can squeeze the liquid in the hydraulic channel 85. The liquid in the hydraulic channel 85 will be injected into the injection tank 87 through the connecting groove 86. The increase in the liquid in the injection tank 87 will squeeze the adjusting rod 88 to move. When the adjusting rod 88 moves, it can push out the cutter head 100, thereby making the extension length of the cutter head 100 longer. Conversely, if it is necessary to make the extension length of the cutter head 100 shorter, the squeezing piston 84 can be controlled to move upward. In this way, the extension length of the cutter head 100 can be adjusted during the installation of the cutter head 100.

[0041] like Figure 12 As shown, it also includes a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping plate 91 and an elastic element 92. The clamping plate 91 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 4, and the elastic element 92 is connected between the clamping plate 91 and the mounting groove 4. The elastic element 92 is a thrust spring.

[0042] When the blade 100 is inserted, the blade 100 will press the clamping plate 91 to move, and the elastic element 92 will be compressed. After the blade is inserted, the elastic element 92 can apply pressure to the clamping plate 91, so that the clamping plate 91 abuts against the blade 100 to prevent the blade 100 from slipping out, thereby initially fixing the blade 100 after it is inserted.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges, characterized in that: It includes a spindle (1), a tool holder (2), a tool sleeve (3), and a tool fixing mechanism. The bottom of the spindle (1) is connected to the tool holder (2) by a thread. The tool sleeve (3) is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the lower outer side of the tool holder (2). The tool sleeve (3) is provided with a tool groove (4) and the tool head (100) can be installed in the tool groove (4). The tool holder (2) is provided with a tool fixing mechanism, which is used to fix the tool head (100). The tool fixing mechanism includes a positioning rod (56), a piston plate (55), and an extrusion assembly. Multiple hydraulic chambers (57) are evenly spaced along the circumference on the lower outer side of the mounting tool disc (2). The number of hydraulic chambers (57) is the same as the number of mounting tool sleeves (3) and they are located close to the mounting tool sleeves (3). A piston plate (55) is slidably connected in the hydraulic chamber (57). Multiple positioning rods (56) are evenly spaced on the side of the piston plate (55) near the mounting tool groove (4). The positioning rods (56) pass through the mounting tool sleeves (3) and extend into the mounting guide groove. An extrusion assembly is provided on the mounting tool disc (2). The extrusion assembly can drive the piston plate (55) to move. The extrusion assembly includes a sliding shaft (51), an elastic element (52), and a piston block (53). The top of the hydraulic chamber (57) is provided with a liquid guide groove (54), and the top of the liquid guide groove (54) is connected to an installation groove (58). The sliding shaft (51) is slidably connected in the installation groove (58). The top of the sliding shaft (51) extends out of the installation cutter disc (2) and slides with the installation cutter disc (2). The bottom of the sliding shaft (51) is connected to the piston block (53). The installation groove (58), the hydraulic chamber (57), and the liquid guide groove (54) are all filled with hydraulic oil. The piston block (53) is connected to the top of the installation groove (58) with an elastic element (52). It also includes a synchronization control mechanism, which includes a fixed disk (71), a rotating sleeve (72) and a contact shaft (74). The upper outer side of the mounting blade disc (2) is connected to the fixed disk (71), and the outer ring of the fixed disk (71) is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve (72). The outer side of the rotating sleeve (72) is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves (73) evenly spaced along the circumference. The number of inclined grooves (73) is the same as the number of sliding shafts (51). The sliding shaft (51) is connected to the contact shaft (74), and the contact shaft (74) is located in the inclined groove (73).

2. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a locking mechanism, which includes a guide rod (61), a positioning block (62) and an elastic element (63). The guide rod (61) is connected to the middle of the lower part of the main shaft (1). The positioning blocks (62) are slidably connected to both sides of the guide rod (61). The elastic element (63) is connected between the positioning block (62) and the main shaft (1).

3. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the inclined groove (73) is flat. When the contact shaft (74) moves to the bottom end of the inclined groove (73), the top plane of the contact shaft (74) contacts the bottom plane of the inclined groove (73).

4. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges according to claim 3, characterized in that: A friction washer is provided on the outer side of the rotating sleeve (72).

5. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment mechanism, which includes a sliding ring (81), a guide shaft (82), an adjustment screw (83), a compression piston (84), and an adjustment rod (88). The guide shaft (82) is connected to the mounting cutter head (2), and the adjustment screw (83) is rotatably connected to the mounting cutter head (2). The sliding ring (81) is slidably connected to the guide shaft (82), and the sliding ring (81) is threadedly engaged with the adjustment screw (83). Four hydraulic channels (85) are evenly spaced along the circumference on the mounting cutter head (2), and a connecting groove (86) is provided in the middle of the mounting cutter head (2). The connecting groove (86) is connected to the hydraulic channels. (85) Connected, a squeezing piston (84) is slidably connected in the hydraulic channel (85), the top of the squeezing piston (84) is connected to the sliding ring (81), a plurality of injection grooves (87) are evenly spaced along the circumference on the mounting cutter disc (2), the two sides of the injection groove (87) are connected to the mounting cutter groove (4) and the connecting groove (86) respectively, the number of injection grooves (87) is the same as the number of mounting cutter sleeves (3), an adjusting rod (88) is slidably connected in the injection groove (87), the adjusting rod (88) extends into the mounting guide groove, and the injection groove (87), hydraulic channel (85) and connecting groove (86) are all filled with hydraulic oil.

6. A milling cutter with easily replaceable cutting edges according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping mechanism, which includes a clamping plate (91) and an elastic element three (92). The clamping plate (91) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (4), and the elastic element three (92) is connected between the clamping plate (91) and the mounting groove (4).

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