Efficient edge chamfering device and method for square stone plate edges

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient edge chamfering device and method for edges of a square stone plate, and belongs to the technical field of stone machining. The device comprises a machine table, a stone plate fixing assembly and a chamfering assembly. The fixing assembly triggers an air cylinder to conduct synchronous clamping through a contact sensor to achieve rapid positioning. The angle adjusting mechanism is linked with a rotating hand wheel through a worm gear reducer, and the inclination angle is accurately controlled to be 0.1 degree; the chamfering assembly is integrated with a binocular 3D vision camera to generate a three-dimensional model, and the self-adaptive grinding unit is driven to dynamically adjust the path and the feeding amount in combination with feedback of a pressure sensor. The controller realizes full-closed-loop control, and ensures that the edge error is small and the surface is smooth. And compared with a traditional process, the clamping time is shortened by 60%, the energy consumption is reduced by 30%, compatible machining of stone plates of multiple specifications is supported, the yield is high, and the method is suitable for high-precision machining of the stone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stone processing, and particularly relates to an efficient chamfering device and method for the edges of square stone slabs. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of architectural decoration and stone processing, chamfering the edges of square stone slabs is a key process to enhance the aesthetics and safety of products. Traditional processes mainly rely on manual operation or semi-automatic equipment, and have the following significant defects: 1. Low clamping efficiency and poor stability: Existing equipment mostly uses manual clamping or single-cylinder positioning, which is difficult to quickly align the stone slabs, and the clamping force is uneven, easily causing the stone slabs to shift during the processing, and requires repeated adjustment, consuming time and effort; 2. Insufficient angle adjustment accuracy: Conventional angle adjustment mechanisms (such as lead screws or rack and pinions) have backlash problems, and it is difficult to achieve fine angle adjustment below 0.5°, resulting in inconsistent chamfering angles and affecting the decorative effect; 3. The grinding quality depends on manual experience: Traditional grinding equipment lacks real-time detection and compensation functions, and the operator needs to control the feed rate and pressure based on experience, and the edges of the stone slabs are prone to over-cutting or under-cutting, and the surface roughness fluctuates greatly (Ra>3.2um), and the rework rate is as high as 15%-20%.

[0003] In recent years, although some automated chamfering equipment uses mechanical positioning or simple sensors, their intelligent level is limited, and they cannot take into account the clamping speed, angle accuracy, and dynamic compensation, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision stone processing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient chamfering device that integrates intelligent clamping, precise angle adjustment, and real-time feedback control to break through the bottleneck of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an efficient chamfering device and method for the edges of square stone slabs.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An efficient chamfering device for the edges of square stone slabs of the present invention includes: A machine table, a stone slab fixing component and a chamfering component arranged on the machine table, wherein the stone slab fixing component includes: A quick clamping mechanism, which has a stone slab fixing seat, horizontal clamping cylinders symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the stone slab fixing seat, a vertical clamping cylinder arranged on the top, and a limit support block with a contact sensor; the contact sensor is configured to trigger the controller to control the synchronous clamping of the cylinders when detecting the contact of the stone slab; An angle adjustment mechanism, including a rotary handwheel with scale lines, a worm and worm gear reducer connected to the rotary handwheel, and a transmission structure connecting the output shaft of the reducer and the rotating shaft of the bearing seat through a belt, for driving the stone slab fixing seat to tilt; The chamfering component includes: XY axis moving platform, X / Y linear guide controlled by the controller; A visual inspection unit, including a visual camera mounted on an XY axis moving platform, for generating a three-dimensional point cloud path of the slab edge; An adaptive grinding unit, including an electric grinder, an angle adjustment motor for driving the electric grinder to rotate, and a linear motor for controlling feed amount through pressure sensor feedback; The controller is connected with the signals of each actuator to realize the full closed-loop control of clamping-detection-grinding.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the input shaft of the worm gear reducer is coaxially connected to the rotating handwheel, and the output shaft drives the bearing seat shaft to rotate through a belt.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two horizontal clamping cylinders are provided, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the stone slab fixing seat; four vertical clamping cylinders are provided, which are symmetrically arranged on the top of the stone slab fixing seat, for clamping the top surface of the stone slab.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the visual camera is a binocular 3D camera, which is configured to generate a three-dimensional point cloud model of the edge of the stone slab and communicate with the controller.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the linear motor has a built-in pressure sensor to detect the grinding pressure in real time and feed it back to the controller to dynamically adjust the feed amount.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the beveling method implemented by the square stone slab edge efficient beveling device comprises the following steps: Stone slab clamping and positioning: Place the stone slab on the stone slab fixing seat, and the contact sensor triggers the horizontal clamping cylinder and the vertical clamping cylinder to clamp synchronously; Tilt angle setting: According to the scale line indication of the rotating hand wheel, the tilt angle of the stone slab fixing seat is accurately adjusted to the target value through the worm gear reducer and belt drive; Visual path planning: The visual camera of the visual inspection unit scans the edges of the stone slab to generate a three-dimensional path, and the controller plans the motion trajectory of the XY axis mobile platform; Adaptive grinding: The adaptive grinding unit grinds along the path at a preset angle and feed rate. The visual camera collects the grinding surface data in real time, compares it with the preset three-dimensional model to generate a deviation value. The controller adjusts the motion trajectory of the XY axis mobile platform according to the deviation value, and controls the linear motor to dynamically correct the grinding feed rate according to the deviation value.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Efficient and precise automated processing: By triggering the synchronous clamping of the double cylinders through a contact sensor and real-time modeling of the vision detection unit, the full process automation of slate clamping, path planning, and grinding is achieved. The processing efficiency is increased by more than 40% compared with the traditional process, and the pass rate of the chamfering quality reaches 99%. 2. High-precision angle adjustment and stability: The worm and worm gear reducer is used in combination with a rotating handwheel with a scale to achieve an inclination angle adjustment at the 0.1° level. Combining with the self-locking function of the belt drive, it ensures the stable angle of the slate fixing seat and avoids deviation during the processing. 3. Dynamic adaptive grinding compensation: Based on the binocular 3D vision point cloud modeling and the pressure feedback mechanism, the grinding path and feed rate are corrected in real time, effectively solving the problem of accuracy fluctuation in the processing of the slate edge, and controlling the surface roughness at Ra < 1.6um. Description of the Drawings

[0012] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is the side view of the present invention; Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the slate fixing component in the present invention; Figure 5 is the top view of the slate fixing component in the present invention; Figure 6 is the front view of the chamfering component in the present invention; In the figures: 1, machine table; 2, slate fixing component; 3, chamfering component; 4, controller; 21, slate fixing seat; 22, horizontal clamping cylinder; 23, vertical clamping cylinder; 24, contact sensor; 25, limit support block; 26, rotating handwheel; 27, worm and worm gear reducer; 28, belt; 29, bearing seat; 31, XY-axis moving platform; 32, vision detection unit; 33, vision camera; 34, adaptive grinding unit; 35, electric grinding machine; 36, angle adjustment motor; 37, linear motor. Detailed Embodiments

[0013] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0014] Among them, the same reference numerals in the drawings all refer to the same components.

[0015] The following is the specific implementation of the efficient chamfering device for the edges of square stone slabs according to the present invention, which will be described in detail in combination with the device structure and process flow: This device includes the following main structures: I. Machine platform 1: As the load-bearing foundation of the overall device and the support platform of the device, it is used to fix the stone slab fixing component 2 and the chamfering component 3.

[0016] II. The stone slab fixing component 2 includes: Stone slab fixing seat 21: Located in the center of the machine platform, it is a rectangular metal frame structure with a rubber anti-slip layer on the surface, used to carry square stone slabs. There are positioning pins at its four corners for quickly aligning with the reference edge of the stone slab.

[0017] Horizontal clamping cylinder 22: Two are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the stone slab fixing seat. The end of the piston rod is equipped with an elastic pressing head such as polyurethane material. In the initial state, it is in the extended state and triggers the sensor when contacting the stone slab.

[0018] Vertical clamping cylinder 23: Four are symmetrically distributed on the top of the stone slab fixing seat, arranged in a rectangle. The end of the piston rod is also configured with an elastic pressing head, used to apply a clamping force from above.

[0019] Contact sensor 24: Integrated inside the limit support block 25. When the stone slab is placed, the sensor detects the pressure signal and transmits it to the controller 4 to trigger the synchronous clamping action of the cylinder.

[0020] Rotating handwheel 26 and angle adjustment mechanism: The rotating handwheel is installed on the side of the machine platform. Its input shaft is connected to the input end of the worm and worm reducer 27 through a coupling. The output shaft of the reducer drives the rotating shaft of the bearing block 29 through a belt 28, driving the stone slab fixing seat to tilt around the rotating shaft. The belt drive design has a self-locking function to prevent angle deviation during the processing. Scale lines are marked on the edge of the rotating handwheel, and the minimum graduation value is 0.1°, realizing high-precision angle adjustment.

[0021] III. The chamfering component 3 includes: XY-axis moving platform 31: Composed of X / Y-direction linear guides driven by a servo motor, with a guide accuracy of ±0.01 mm and a repeat positioning accuracy of ≤0.01 mm, carrying the visual inspection unit 32 and the adaptive grinding unit 34.

[0022] Visual inspection unit 32: Continuously collects surface data during the grinding process, compares it with the preset model to generate a deviation value. The controller 4 dynamically adjusts the movement trajectory of the XY-axis moving platform 31 according to the deviation, and corrects the feed rate through the linear motor 37 to ensure uniform grinding depth and control the surface roughness within Ra < 1.6 μm.

[0023] Adaptive Grinding Unit 34: The electric grinding machine 35 is driven by an angle adjustment motor 36 to position the grinding head at a preset angle. The linear motor 37 drives the grinding head to move along the planned path. The built-in pressure sensor therein continuously detects the grinding pressure and feeds back the data to the controller 4. The vision detection unit 32 continuously collects surface data during the grinding process, compares it with the preset model, and generates a deviation value. The controller 4 dynamically adjusts the movement trajectory of the XY-axis moving platform 31 according to the deviation, and corrects the feed rate through the linear motor 37 to ensure uniform grinding depth and control the surface roughness within Ra < 1.6 μm.

[0024] The operation process and process control method of the present invention are as follows: 1. Stone slab clamping and positioning: Place the square stone slab on the stone slab fixing seat 21, and its bottom contacts the limit support block 25. After the contact sensor 24 detects the stone slab, it immediately triggers the controller 4 to synchronously start the horizontal clamping cylinder 22 and the vertical clamping cylinder 23.

[0025] 2. The operator rotates the handwheel 26, and converts the rotational motion into the tilting motion of the stone slab fixing seat through the worm and worm gear reducer 27. The belt drive system ensures no backlash in the angle, and the dial shows the tilting angle in real time, such as set to 30°.

[0026] 3. The XY-axis moving platform 31 drives the binocular 3D camera 33 to scan along the surface of the stone slab to collect edge point cloud data. The scanning path covers the four sides and the edge transition area of the stone slab, and the sampling density ≥ 1000 points / cm². The controller fits the point cloud data into a three-dimensional model to identify the edge contour and defects such as chipping and depression. Based on a preset chamfer width such as C3mm chamfer, generate the XY-axis linkage trajectory and the Z-axis feed depth curve.

[0027] 4. The XY-axis moving platform moves according to the planned trajectory, and the electric grinding machine 35 starts at a preset speed, such as 1500 rpm. The linear motor 37 pushes the grinding wheel to contact the edge of the stone slab, and the pressure sensor continuously feeds back the pressure value to the target value of 5 - 10 N. If it is detected that the actual pressure deviates from the set value, such as the pressure > 12 N due to local protrusion of the stone material, the controller immediately adjusts the feed speed of the linear motor to decelerate by 20%, and corrects the XY-axis trajectory offset amount Δx ≤ 0.02 mm.

[0028] 5. After completing the first chamfer, the vision system re-scans the edge to detect residual burrs or uneven areas. If the Ra value > 1.6 μm, the system automatically triggers the secondary grinding program, adjusts the grinding wheel speed to 2000 rpm and reduces the feed amount Δz = 0.01 mm / time until it meets the standard.

[0029] The following technical effects are achieved in this embodiment: (1) Efficiency improvement: The processing time per piece is shortened from 8 minutes in the traditional process to 4.5 minutes, and the production capacity is increased by 44%. (2) Precision control: The chamfer angle error is ≤0.1°, the surface roughness Ra < 1.6 μm, and the qualified rate is ≥99%. (3) Compatibility improvement: It supports stone slabs with specifications ranging from 100×100 mm to 1200×2400 mm, the angle adjustment range is 0° - 60°, and the grinding wheel replacement time < 2 minutes.

[0030] The present invention is a high-efficiency edge chamfering device and method for square stone slabs, realizing the leap from traditional labor-intensive stone processing to intelligent and precise processing, and is particularly suitable for the high-precision processing requirements of stones in fields such as high-end architectural decoration and handicraft manufacturing.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A square stone slab edge efficient chamfering device, comprising a machine platform (1), a stone slab fixing assembly (2) and a chamfering assembly (3) arranged on the machine platform (1), characterized in that: The stone slab fixing assembly (2) comprises: a quick clamping mechanism: having a stone slab fixing seat (21), horizontal clamping cylinders (22) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the stone slab fixing seat (21) and a vertical clamping cylinder (23) arranged on the top, and a limit support block (25) with a contact sensor (24). The contact sensor (24) is configured to trigger a controller (4) to control the cylinder to clamp synchronously when the stone slab is in contact; an angle adjustment mechanism: comprising a rotating hand wheel (26) with scale lines, a worm gear reducer (27) connected to the rotating hand wheel (26), and a transmission structure connecting the reducer output shaft and the bearing seat (29) rotating shaft through a belt (28). The chamfering assembly (3) comprises: an XY axis moving platform (31), an X / Y linear guide controlled by a controller (4); a visual detection unit (32): comprising a visual camera (33) mounted on the XY axis moving platform (31), and used to generate a three-dimensional point cloud path of the edge of the stone slab; an adaptive grinding unit (34): comprising an electric grinder (35), an angle adjustment motor (36) for driving the electric grinder (35) to rotate, and a linear motor (37) for controlling the feed amount through feedback from a pressure sensor; the controller (4) is connected to the signals of each execution component to realize a full closed-loop control of clamping-detection-grinding.

2. A square stone slab edge efficient chamfering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input shaft of the worm gear reducer (27) is coaxially connected to the rotating hand wheel (26), and the output shaft drives the rotating shaft of the bearing seat (29) to rotate through a belt (28).

3. The square slab edge efficient chamfering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal clamping cylinders (22) are provided with two and are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the stone slab fixing seat (21); the vertical clamping cylinders (23) are provided with four and are symmetrically arranged on the top of the stone slab fixing seat (21) for clamping the top surface of the stone slab.

4. A square stone slab edge efficient chamfering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual camera (33) is a binocular 3D camera, which is configured to generate a three-dimensional point cloud model of the edge of the stone slab and communicate with the controller (4).

5. The square slab edge efficient chamfering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear motor (37) has a built-in pressure sensor to detect the grinding pressure in real time and feed it back to the controller (4).

6. The beveling method implemented by the square stone slab edge efficient beveling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Slate clamping and positioning: Place the slate on the slate fixing seat (21), and the contact sensor (24) triggers the horizontal clamping cylinder (22) and the vertical clamping cylinder (23) to clamp synchronously; 2. Tilt angle setting: According to the scale line indication of the rotating hand wheel (26), the tilt angle of the slate fixing seat (21) is accurately adjusted to the target value through the worm gear reducer (27) and the belt (28); 3. Visual path planning: The visual camera (33) of the visual detection unit (32) scans the edge of the slate Generate a three-dimensional path, and the controller (4) plans the motion trajectory of the XY axis moving platform (31); 4. Adaptive grinding: The adaptive grinding unit (34) grinds along the path according to a preset angle and feed rate, and the visual camera (33) of the visual inspection unit (32) collects the grinding surface data in real time, compares it with the preset three-dimensional model to generate a deviation value, and the controller (4) adjusts the motion trajectory of the XY axis moving platform (31) according to the deviation value, and controls the feed rate of the linear motor (37) to dynamically compensate for the grinding depth.

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