Multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing, and discloses a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device which comprises a feeding speed and stroke control module, a quick dismounting and mounting module and a normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module, and a pneumatic drill is connected with the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device through the quick dismounting and mounting module. Damping force increasing along with displacement and speed is provided for the pneumatic drill through the air spring and the oil buffer, it is guaranteed that a tool at the front end of the pneumatic drill can be stably fed and cut a composite material in the manual drilling process in cooperation with the micro guide rail and the micro sliding block, drilling damage is reduced, the manual drilling difficulty is lowered, and the drilling efficiency is improved. Vertical alignment is realized by aligning the positioning block through a three-point normal vector; vertical alignment of a complex curved surface is realized by replacing normal vector direction alignment components adaptive to different curved surfaces; and by designing a dust removal opening, chippings generated in the composite material hole forming process are removed in time, and the device can be continuously used for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite material processing and relates to a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device. Background Art

[0002] Fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites (hereinafter referred to as composite materials) have become the preferred materials for high-end equipment manufacturing in fields such as aviation, aerospace, and rail transit due to their advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, and designable properties. During the manufacturing process of composite components, in order to achieve high-precision assembly with other components, tens of thousands of connecting holes need to be processed. However, for composite components with complex structures and limited processing spaces, numerical control equipment such as large machine tools and robotic arms is difficult to meet the actual processing requirements. Therefore, the method of manually making holes with a pneumatic drill is still difficult to be completely replaced. Due to the laminated characteristics and anisotropy of composite materials, tearing and delamination damage are easily generated during processing. Just relying on workers to hold the pneumatic drill cannot achieve stable feed speed drilling, and sudden changes in drilling axial force and torque will further exacerbate the processing damage of composite components and even cause tool breakage and failure. In addition, due to reasons such as the technical maturity of operators, it is difficult to ensure good processing consistency and perpendicularity during manual hole making, unable to meet the hole making accuracy requirements, and easily causing the scrapping of composite components. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device.

[0003] In response to the problems of large damage and low precision in manual hole making of composite materials, current domestic and foreign researchers mainly choose to install hole making auxiliary devices at the front end of pneumatic drills to improve the hole making quality and accuracy of composite components. Hu Xiangfeng et al. from China Electronics Technology Group Corporation invented a pneumatic drill that can assist in adjusting the hole making attitude accuracy, with the patent number CN201921910989.4. By installing a detachable grooved collar and a horizontal level on the pneumatic drill, the hole making accuracy of materials parallel to the ground direction is improved, but it cannot solve the problems of feed speed and stroke control, and it is mainly used for hole making on the horizontal plane, with a relatively limited scope of application. Han Hui et al. from Guilin University of Electronic Technology invented a hand drill hole making auxiliary device that conforms to ergonomics, with the patent number CN201720180068.1. This device can effectively perform vertical alignment on flat materials, but it is not applicable to complex curved workpieces, has limited chip removal space, and the feed speed is uncontrollable.

[0004] In summary, in response to the problems of difficult control of feed stroke and feed speed and difficult perpendicular alignment during hole making with pneumatic drills, in order to improve the processing quality and efficiency of manual hole making of composite components, there is an urgent need to develop a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of uneven feed speed, difficult control of drilling stroke, various damages such as burrs and delamination during manual hole-making of composite materials, and poor hole-making accuracy caused by low perpendicularity, the present invention invents a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device. The overall structure of the auxiliary device designed by the present invention includes a feed speed and stroke control module, a quick disassembly and assembly module, and a normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module. Among them, the feed speed and stroke control module realizes precise limit and fixed stroke through a micro-guide rail, a micro-slider, a limit block, a displacement fine-tuning slide table, etc., and respectively provides damping forces that increase with the increase of the feed stroke and feed speed through a gas spring and an oil buffer, so that the device can meet the processing requirements of "fast first and then slow" during manual hole-making and stable feed speed when the tool penetrates the surface of the composite material; the quick disassembly and assembly module realizes the quick disassembly and assembly of different models of pneumatic drills and the auxiliary device through a limit ring, a positioning groove, a positioning ring, a fastening screw, etc.; the normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module realizes the precise and quick vertical alignment of hole-making of composite materials through a normal vector direction alignment component adapted to the configuration of the composite material component and a three-point normal vector alignment and positioning block, and timely cleans the composite material debris through a dust removal port to enable the long-term continuous use of the auxiliary device; among them, the quick disassembly and assembly module is connected to the pneumatic drill, and the dust removal port of the normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module is connected to a vacuum cleaner, jointly constituting a solution for manual hole-making of composite materials.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention

[0007] A multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device, including a feed speed and stroke control module 1, a quick disassembly and assembly module 2, and a normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module 3. The pneumatic drill 4 is connected to the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device through the quick disassembly and assembly module 2; among them, the feed speed and stroke control module 1 is divided into a feed speed control module 11 and a feed stroke control module 12;

[0008] The said feed speed control module 11 includes a gas spring, a micro-slider and a micro-guide rail; the gas spring provides a damping effect, with a total of three. The inside of the gas spring is an isolated system, that is, the air pressure and volume satisfy the relationship: , is a constant value; the length , compression distance , cross-sectional area of the compression tube , damping force satisfy The front and rear ends of the gas spring are respectively fixed to the front fixing hole 1108 on the inner sleeve 01 and the rear fixing hole 1103 on the outer sleeve 02 by hexagon socket head cap screws 1102. The gas spring moves simultaneously with the compression of the inner sleeve 01 and the outer sleeve 02. There are two micro guide rails, which are respectively installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the inner sleeve 01. The micro slider cooperates with the micro guide rail to reduce the deviation from the feed direction generated by the relative movement of the inner sleeve 01 and the outer sleeve 02 during the use of the multi-functional manual drilling auxiliary device, so that the feed stroke during hole making by the operator holding the multi-functional manual drilling auxiliary device is controllable.

[0009] The described feed stroke control module 12 includes a displacement fine-tuning slide table 1203, a limit block 1202 and an oil buffer. The displacement fine-tuning slide table 1203 is installed on the lower surface of the outer sleeve 02. The limit block 1202 is installed on the lower side of the displacement fine-tuning slide table 1203. There are two oil buffers, which are installed in the buffer fixing holes of the inner sleeve 01. According to the actual working conditions, the position of the limit block 1202 relative to the displacement fine-tuning slide table 1203 is adjusted. At the end of the drilling process, the rear surface of the oil buffer contacts the front surface of the limit block 1202, so that the multi-functional manual drilling auxiliary device provides a damping force opposite to the feed direction for the pneumatic drill. ;

[0010] The described quick disassembly and assembly module 2 includes fastening screws, a positioning ring 2103, a positioning groove 2104 and a limit ring 2105. The positioning ring 2103 is installed at the port on the side where the outer sleeve 02 is connected to the pneumatic drill 4. When the pneumatic drill 4 is inserted into the outer sleeve 02, the positioning ring 2103 cooperates with the side surface of the front-end cylindrical area of the pneumatic drill 4101 to realize the quick positioning of the pneumatic drill 4. The positioning groove 2104 is opened on the inner side of the side where the pneumatic drill 4 is inserted into the outer sleeve 02. The inherent end face 4102 of the pneumatic drill cooperates with the positioning grooves 2104 on both sides respectively to limit the rotation of the pneumatic drill 4 in the outer sleeve 02. The limit ring 2105 is installed on the inner side of the side where the pneumatic drill 4 is inserted into the outer sleeve 02, adjacent to the positioning groove 2104. The front surface 4103 of the pneumatic drill is in close contact with the limit ring 2105 to limit the sliding of the pneumatic drill 4 along the sleeve axis during use. The fastening screws act on the inherent end face 4102 of the pneumatic drill, and the inherent end faces 4102 on both sides of the pneumatic drill are clamped by the fastening screws to meet the compatibility of the auxiliary device.

[0011] The described normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module 3 includes a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block 3101, a normal vector direction alignment component 3102, a front-end interface 3103 of the auxiliary device, a dust removal port limit ridge 3104, a dust removal pipe 3105, and a dust removal port 3106; the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 is fixed on the normal vector direction alignment component 3102, and the normal vector direction alignment component 3102 is threadedly connected to the front-end interface 3103 of the auxiliary device. When performing complex surface alignment, according to the shape of different surfaces, a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 with a profiling function is selected, and the normal vector direction alignment component 3102 is threadedly installed on the front-end interface 3103 of the device. When performing alignment, the normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 is made to fit the surface; the normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module 3 uses the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 for vertical positioning and protecting the drilling surface, realizing precise and rapid vertical alignment of composite material drilling on a plane; the chip removal pipeline inside the dust removal pipe 3105 is communicated with the inner sleeve 01, so that the composite material chips generated during drilling are discharged through the chip removal pipeline under the action of an external vacuum cleaner; the dust removal port limit ridge 3104 is arranged at the end of the dust removal pipe 3105 and is matched with the air duct port of the external vacuum cleaner. The dust removal port limit ridge 3104 restricts the relative sliding of the external vacuum cleaner and the dust removal port 3106 to ensure stable dust suction; the dust removal port 3106 has an interference fit with the external vacuum cleaner to ensure good airtightness of the air duct.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiter is installed on the micro guide rail, and the feed stroke is adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the micro slider stops moving when it reaches the position of the limiter, that is, the pneumatic drilling feed is terminated.

[0013] Furthermore, the structural design of the normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 with an outwardly inclined extension and side deviation helps to improve the stability of the device during drilling.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are to provide a multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device. The pneumatic drill is respectively provided with damping forces increasing with displacement and speed through a gas spring and an oil buffer, and the micro guide rail and the micro slider are cooperated to ensure that the cutting tool at the front end of the pneumatic drill can stably feed and cut the composite material during manual drilling, reduce drilling damage, reduce the difficulty of manual drilling, and improve drilling efficiency; the vertical alignment is realized through the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block, ensuring that the pneumatic drill bit vertically contacts the surface of the composite material and improving drilling accuracy; by replacing the normal vector direction alignment component adapted to different surfaces, the vertical alignment for complex surfaces is realized, and the verticality of drilling processing is improved; through limiting components such as fastening screws and positioning rings, the rapid combination and fixation of the pneumatic drill and the auxiliary device are realized, reducing the installation difficulty and increasing adaptability; by designing a dust removal port, the chips during the composite material drilling process are timely cleaned, enabling the device to be continuously used for a long time. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic assembly diagram of the auxiliary device and the pneumatic drill.

[0016] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the feed speed and stroke control module of the auxiliary device.

[0017] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the quick disassembly and assembly module of the auxiliary device.

[0018] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the quick alignment of the normal vector direction and dust removal module of the auxiliary device.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a pneumatic drill cooperating with the auxiliary device.

[0020] In the figure: 01 - inner sleeve, 02 - outer sleeve, 1 - feed speed and stroke control module, 11 - feed speed control module, 12 - feed stroke control module, 2 - quick disassembly and assembly module, 3 - quick alignment of normal vector direction and dust removal module, 4 - pneumatic drill, 1101 - first gas spring, 1102 - hexagon socket head screw, 1103 - rear fixing hole, 1104 - first micro guide rail, 1105 - first micro slider, 1106 - second gas spring, 1107 - third gas spring, 1108 - front fixing hole, 1109 - second micro guide rail, 1110 - second micro slider, 1201 - limit block locking screw, 1202 - limit block, 1203 - displacement fine adjustment slide table, 1204 - first oil buffer, 1205 - second oil buffer, 2101 - first fastening screw, 2102 - second fastening screw, 2103 - positioning ring, 2104 - positioning groove, 2105 - limit ring, 3101 - normal vector alignment positioning block, 3102 - normal vector direction alignment component, 3103 - front end interface of the device, 3104 - dust removal port limit ridge, 3105 - dust removal pipe, 3106 - dust removal port, 4101 - side surface of the cylindrical area at the front end of the pneumatic drill, 4102 - inherent end face of the pneumatic drill, 4103 - front end surface of the pneumatic drill, 4104 - handle of the pneumatic drill. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following further illustrates the specific embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0022] The first micro guide rail 1104 and the second micro guide rail 1109 are installed on the left and right sides of the inner sleeve 01 by screws and nuts, the first micro slider 1105 and the second micro slider 1110 are installed on the inner side of the slider fixing grooves on both sides of the outer sleeve 02 by screws, and the slide rails and sliders are installed in cooperation to connect the inner sleeve 01 and the outer sleeve 02. The front ends of the first gas spring 1101, the second gas spring 1106, and the third gas spring 1107 are connected to the front fixing hole 1108 by the hexagon socket screw 1102, and the rear ends are connected to the rear fixing hole 1103 by the hexagon socket screw 1102, and the feed speed control module 11 is installed. The displacement fine-tuning slide 1203 is installed on the lower surface of the outer sleeve 02 by screws, and the limit block 1202 is installed on the lower side of the displacement fine-tuning slide 1203 by the slide groove and slide rail, and the first hydraulic buffer 1204 and the second hydraulic buffer 1205 are installed in the buffer fixing hole by screws and nuts, and the feed stroke control module 12 is installed.

[0023] In actual use, a pneumatic drill is selected according to specific processing conditions, and the pneumatic drill end face 4102 is aligned with the positioning groove 2104 and inserted into the positioning ring 2103 until the front end surface 4103 of the pneumatic drill is tightly fitted with the limit ring 2105. By rotating the fastening screw until its tail is in close contact with the pneumatic drill end face 4102, the pneumatic drill and the device are in interference fit, and the pneumatic drill 4 and the outer sleeve 02 cannot rotate or slide relative to each other, and the quick disassembly module 2 is assembled.

[0024] For composite material surfaces of different shapes, select the normal vector alignment component 3102 that matches it, align its rear threaded part with the front interface 3103 of the device and screw it in. Insert the end of the dust removal port 3106 into the air duct of the external vacuum cleaner until the air duct port of the external vacuum cleaner fits with the dust removal port limit ridge 3104. At this point, the normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module 3 are installed.

[0025] When drilling holes manually, hold the pneumatic drill handle 4104 with one hand and the dust removal tube 3105 with the other hand. Use the normal vector alignment positioning block 3101 to achieve the normal vector alignment of the hole-making point on the material surface. According to the material to be drilled and the parameters of the pneumatic drill and tool selected for drilling, adjust the indicator on the limit block 1202 to the corresponding scale on the displacement fine-tuning slide 1203. Assume that the thickness of the composite material is The hole-making tool is inserted into the pneumatic drill to a depth of , the tool length is The scale that the indicator mark of the limit block 1202 should be aligned with is ,but , adjust the indicator to , and tighten the limit block locking screw 1201 to fix the position of the limit block. Since the normal direction of this auxiliary device is quickly aligned and acts together with the dust removal module and the feed speed and stroke control module, when manually drilling holes, slowly press the pneumatic drill along the normal direction. The drill bit of the pneumatic drill can contact the material surface vertically and smoothly and feed at a relatively uniform speed, and the holes produced have higher precision and less damage. The feed speed and stroke control module, the normal direction quick alignment and dust removal module, and the quick disassembly and assembly module proposed by the present invention are not limited to the structures of the above embodiments and can be modified in various ways. In short, all modifications within the scope of innovation of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device, characterized in that: The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device comprises a feed speed and stroke control module (1), a quick disassembly module (2) and a normal vector direction quick alignment and dust removal module (3); the pneumatic drill (4) is connected to the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device via the quick disassembly module (2); wherein the feed speed and stroke control module (1) is divided into a feed speed control module (11) and a feed stroke control module (12); The normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module (3) comprises a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101), a normal vector direction alignment component (3102), an auxiliary device front end interface (3103), a dust removal port limiter (3104), a dust removal pipe (3105) and a dust removal port (3106); the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) is fixed on the normal vector direction alignment component (3102), the normal vector direction alignment component (3102) and the auxiliary device front end interface (3103) are connected via threads, when performing complex curved surface alignment, according to the shape of different curved surfaces, the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) with a profiling function is selected, and the normal vector direction alignment component (3102) is installed on the device front end interface C103 via threads, and when performing alignment , so that the normal vector alignment positioning block C101 fits with the curved surface; the normal vector direction rapid alignment and dust removal module (3) uses a three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) to vertically position and protect the drilling surface, so as to achieve accurate and fast vertical alignment of composite material holes on a plane; the chip removal pipeline inside the dust removal pipe (3105) is connected to the inner sleeve (01), so that composite material debris generated during hole making is discharged through the chip removal pipeline under the action of an external vacuum cleaner; the dust removal port limit sill (3104) is arranged at the end of the dust removal pipe (3105) and cooperates with the air guide pipe port of the external vacuum cleaner, and the dust removal port limit sill (3104) limits the relative sliding of the external vacuum cleaner and the dust removal port (3106), so as to ensure stable dust collection; the dust removal port (3106) and the external vacuum cleaner have an interference fit to ensure good air duct tightness.

2. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed speed control module (11) comprises a gas spring, a micro slider and a micro guide rail; the gas spring provides a damping effect, and there are three of them in total. The gas spring is an isolated system, that is, the gas pressure With volume Satisfies the relationship: , is a constant value; the length of the gas spring , compression distance , compression tube cross-sectional area , Damping force satisfy The front and rear ends of the gas spring are respectively fixed to a front fixing hole (1108) located on the inner sleeve (01) and a rear fixing hole (1103) located on the outer sleeve (02) by means of hexagon socket screws (1102), and the gas spring moves simultaneously with the compression of the inner sleeve (01) and the outer sleeve (02); there are two micro guide rails, which are respectively mounted on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the inner sleeve (01), and the micro slider cooperates with the micro guide rails to reduce the deviation from the feed direction caused by the relative movement of the inner sleeve (01) and the outer sleeve (02) when the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device is used, so that the feed stroke of the processor when holding the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device to make holes can be controlled.

3. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed stroke control module (12) comprises a displacement fine-tuning slide (1203), a limit block (1202) and a hydraulic buffer; the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203) is mounted on the lower surface of the outer sleeve (02); the limit block (1202) is mounted on the lower side of the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203); there are two hydraulic buffers, which are mounted in the buffer fixing holes of the inner sleeve (01); the position of the limit block (1202) relative to the displacement fine-tuning slide (1203) is adjusted according to the actual working conditions, and at the end of the drilling process, the rear surface of the hydraulic buffer contacts the front surface of the limit block (1202), so that the multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device provides a damping force opposite to the feeding direction to the pneumatic drill. .

4. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick disassembly and assembly module (2) comprises a fastening screw, a positioning ring (2103), a positioning groove (2104) and a limiting ring (2105); the positioning ring (2103) is installed at a port on the side where the outer sleeve (02) is connected to the pneumatic drill (4); when the pneumatic drill (4) is inserted into the outer sleeve (02), the positioning ring (2103) cooperates with the side surface (4101) of the cylindrical area at the front end of the pneumatic drill to achieve quick positioning of the pneumatic drill (4); the positioning groove (2104) is opened on the inner side of the outer sleeve (02) on which the pneumatic drill (4) is inserted, and the inherent end surface (4102) of the pneumatic drill ) respectively cooperate with the positioning grooves (2104) on both sides to limit the rotation of the pneumatic drill (4) in the outer sleeve (02); a limiting ring (2105) is installed on the inner side of the outer sleeve (02) on which the pneumatic drill (4) is inserted, adjacent to the positioning groove (2104), and the front end surface (4103) of the pneumatic drill is tightly fitted with the limiting ring (2105) to limit the pneumatic drill (4) from sliding along the axis of the sleeve during use; a fastening screw acts on the inherent end face (4102) of the pneumatic drill, and the inherent end face (4102) of the pneumatic drill is clamped by the fastening screw to meet the compatibility of the auxiliary device.

5. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiter is installed on the micro guide rail, and the feed stroke is adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the micro slider stops moving when it moves to the limiter position, that is, the pneumatic drilling feed is terminated.

6. The multifunctional manual drilling auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outwardly inclined and sideways structural design of the three-point normal vector alignment positioning block (3101) helps to improve the stability of the device when making holes.

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