Power battery protection system and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a power battery protection system and a vehicle. The power battery protection system comprises a tray, an elastic locking mechanism and a frame arranged at the bottom of the vehicle. The tray is movably connected to the frame in the first direction and used for containing a power battery. The elastic locking mechanism is arranged between the frame and the tray and can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, and the elastic locking mechanism is in the locking state to limit the tray when the power battery does not have thermal failure; and when the power battery is in a thermal failure state, the elastic locking mechanism is switched to the unlocking state, so that the limiting on the tray is relieved, and the tray is pushed away from the frame. Therefore, when the power battery is subjected to thermal failure, the power battery protection system can quickly transfer the power battery to the outside of the vehicle, so that the safety of the vehicle and passengers is effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a power battery protection system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The power battery is the power source of new energy vehicles. With the continuous improvement of the endurance requirement, the volume and weight of the power battery also increase accordingly. Therefore, in order to save space and balance the vehicle weight, the power battery is usually arranged at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0003] However, during the vehicle driving process, the power battery located at the bottom of the vehicle may be collided by other vehicles or obstacles such as road shoulders, causing the power battery to undergo thermal failure due to extrusion or impact, and then resulting in fire or even explosion, endangering the safety of the vehicle and the passengers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide a power battery protection system and a vehicle, at least solving the problem that the existing power battery undergoes thermal failure due to collision, endangering the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a power battery protection system applied to a vehicle. The width direction of the vehicle is the first direction. The power battery protection system includes: a tray, an elastic locking mechanism, and a frame arranged at the bottom of the vehicle;

[0007] The tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, and the tray is used for placing the power battery;

[0008] The elastic locking mechanism is arranged between the frame and the tray, and can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state. In the state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locking state to limit the tray; in the state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocking state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic locking mechanism includes: a locking component and a first elastic member;

[0010] The locking component is fixedly connected to the frame and movably connected to the tray; in the locking state, the locking component is connected to the tray to limit the tray, and in the unlocking state, the locking component is disconnected from the tray to release the limit on the tray;

[0011] The first elastic member is fixedly connected to the frame and abuts against the tray; in the locked state, the first elastic member is compressed and connected between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first elastic member pushes the tray away from the frame.

[0012] Optionally, the elastic locking mechanism includes: a locking assembly and a first elastic member;

[0013] The locking assembly is fixedly connected to the tray and is movably connected to the frame; in the locked state, the locking assembly is connected to the frame to limit the tray, and in the unlocked state, the locking assembly is disconnected from the frame to release the limitation on the tray;

[0014] The first elastic member is fixedly connected to the tray and abuts against the frame; in the locked state, the first elastic member is compressed and connected between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first elastic member pushes the tray away from the frame.

[0015] Optionally, the first elastic member is a first spring;

[0016] Along the first direction, the first spring has a first end and a second end disposed away from each other, the first end is fixedly connected to the frame, and the second end abuts against the tray;

[0017] In the locked state, the first spring is compressed between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first spring pushes the tray away from the frame.

[0018] Optionally, a limiting hole is provided at one end of the tray close to the elastic locking mechanism;

[0019] At least a part of the locking assembly is movably inserted into the limiting hole;

[0020] In the locked state, at least a part of the locking assembly is inserted into the limiting hole to limit the tray, and in the unlocked state, at least a part of the locking assembly is disengaged from the limiting hole to release the limitation on the tray.

[0021] Optionally, the locking assembly includes: a driving member and a limiting pin;

[0022] The driving member is fixedly connected to the frame, the driving member has an output end, and the limiting pin is disposed at the output end;

[0023] In the locked state, the driving member drives the limit pin to engage with the limit hole to limit the tray; in the unlocked state, the driving member drives the limit pin to release the engagement with the limit hole to release the limit on the tray.

[0024] Optionally, the tray is slidably connected to the frame.

[0025] Optionally, the frame is provided with one of a slide rail or a slide block extending along the first direction;

[0026] The tray is provided with the other of the slide rail or the slider extending along the first direction, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail so that the tray slides relative to the frame along the first direction.

[0027] Optionally, two slide rails are provided, and the two slide rails are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0028] Two sliders are provided, the two sliders are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, and one slider is slidably connected to one slide rail.

[0029] Optionally, the slide rail comprises: a slide groove and a ball bearing;

[0030] The slide groove is extended along the first direction;

[0031] At least a portion of the ball bearing is embedded in the slide groove, and the ball bearing is rollingly connected to at least a portion of the slider, so that the slider slides relative to the slide rail along the first direction.

[0032] Optionally, a plurality of the slide grooves are provided, and a plurality of the balls are embedded in one of the slide grooves.

[0033] Optionally, the power battery protection system further includes an energy absorbing mechanism, which is disposed on a side of the tray away from the elastic locking mechanism, and is used to absorb energy from an external collision.

[0034] Optionally, the energy absorbing mechanism comprises an anti-collision beam and an energy absorbing box which are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and the energy absorbing box is arranged close to the tray.

[0035] Optionally, the energy absorbing box comprises: a box body and a second elastic member;

[0036] A chamber is provided in the box body;

[0037] The second elastic member is disposed in the chamber, and absorbs energy of external collision through elastic deformation of the second elastic member.

[0038] Optionally, a plurality of the chambers are provided, and a plurality of the second elastic members are provided. One of the second elastic members is disposed in one of the chambers.

[0039] Optionally, the second elastic member is a second spring, and the second spring expands and contracts along the first direction to absorb the energy of an external collision.

[0040] Optionally, the box body is provided with a collapse hole, and the collapse hole communicates with the chamber.

[0041] Optionally, the box body is a prismatic box body, and the prismatic box body includes a plurality of side edges extending along the first direction;

[0042] The collapse hole is disposed at the side edge.

[0043] Optionally, the energy absorption mechanism further includes a third elastic member, and the third elastic member is disposed on a side of the anti-collision beam away from the energy absorption box.

[0044] Optionally, the third elastic member is an energy absorption leaf spring.

[0045] Optionally, the elastic locking mechanism includes a control module, and the control module is configured to control the elastic locking mechanism to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state;

[0046] In a state where the power battery does not have a thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism to be in the locked state to limit the pallet; in a state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism to switch to the unlocked state to release the limit on the pallet and push the pallet away from the frame.

[0047] Optionally, the control module includes: a controller and a thermal failure sensor;

[0048] The controller includes an input end and an output end. The input end is electrically connected to the thermal failure sensor, and the output end is electrically connected to the elastic locking mechanism. The thermal failure sensor is configured to obtain thermal failure information of the power battery, and the controller controls the elastic locking mechanism to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state based on the thermal failure information.

[0049] Optionally, the thermal failure sensor includes at least one of a displacement sensor and a smoke sensor.

[0050] Optionally, the controller includes an input end;

[0051] The power battery protection system further includes an emergency switch, which is electrically connected to the input end to switch the elastic locking mechanism to the unlocked state through the controller.

[0052] Optionally, the power battery protection system further includes a power connector, which is used to transmit the current and voltage generated by the power battery to the electrical equipment of the vehicle.

[0053] The controller includes an output end, and the power connector is electrically connected to the output end. In the state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the controller controls the power connector to disconnect.

[0054] In a second aspect, the present application also discloses a vehicle, which includes the power battery protection system according to any one of the above.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, since the power battery protection system includes: a tray, an elastic locking mechanism, and a frame disposed at the bottom of the vehicle; the tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, and the tray is used to place the power battery; the elastic locking mechanism is disposed between the frame and the tray and can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. In the state where the power battery has not had a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state to limit the tray. In the state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame. In this way, on the one hand, since the frame and the tray are provided, and the tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, the tray on which the power battery is placed can be easily pulled out from the side of the vehicle, facilitating the maintenance of the power battery. On the other hand, since the elastic locking mechanism is provided, and the elastic locking mechanism can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. Among them, in the state where the power battery has not had a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state to limit the tray, so that the position of the tray and the frame is relatively fixed, and the power battery is reliably fixed at the bottom of the vehicle. In the state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame, so that the power battery that has a thermal runaway is quickly transferred to the outside of the vehicle, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0056] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0058] Figure 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a power battery protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2 is the second of the schematic structural diagrams of a power battery protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 is the third of the schematic structural diagrams of a power battery protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 is the assembly schematic diagram of the slide rail and the slider provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 5 is the schematic structural diagram of an energy absorption mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 6 is the schematic structural diagram of an energy absorption box provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Reference numerals: 1. Frame, 11. Slide rail, 111. Slide groove, 112. Ball, 2. Tray, 21. First side plate, 22. Second side plate, 23. Third side plate, 24. Limit hole, 3. Elastic locking mechanism, 31. First elastic member, 32. Locking assembly, 321. Limit pin, 322. Driving member, 4. Energy absorption mechanism, 41. Anti-collision beam, 42. Energy absorption box, 421. Box body, 4211. Chamber, 4212. Collapsible hole, 422. Second elastic member, 43. Third elastic member, 5. Controller, 6. Displacement sensor, 7. Smoke sensor, 8. Emergency switch, 9. Power connector, X. First direction, Y. Second direction, Z. Third direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] The embodiments of this application provide a power battery protection system. The power battery protection system of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0070] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a power battery protection system provided by the embodiments of this application. Refer to Figure 4 , which shows an assembly schematic diagram of a slide rail and a slider provided by the embodiments of this application. Refer to Figure 5 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of an energy absorption mechanism provided by the embodiments of this application. Refer to Figure 6 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of an energy absorption box provided by the embodiments of this application.

[0071] As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, the present application provides a power battery protection system, which is applied to a vehicle. The power battery protection system includes: a tray 2, an elastic locking mechanism 3, and a frame 1 disposed at the bottom of the vehicle; the tray 2 is movably connected to the frame 1 along a first direction X, and the tray 2 is used for placing a power battery; the elastic locking mechanism 3 is disposed between the frame 1 and the tray 2 and can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. In a state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism 3 is in the locked state to limit the tray 2; in a state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism 3 switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray 2 and push the tray 2 away from the frame 1.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, since the frame 1 and the tray 2 are provided, and the tray 2 is movably connected to the frame 1 along the first direction X, the tray 2 on which the power battery is placed can be easily pulled out from the side of the vehicle, facilitating the maintenance of the power battery. On the other hand, since the elastic locking mechanism 3 is provided, and the elastic locking mechanism 3 can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. Among them, in a state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism 3 is in the locked state to limit the tray 2, so that the positions of the tray 2 and the frame 1 are relatively fixed, and the power battery is reliably fixed at the bottom of the vehicle. In a state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism 3 switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray 2 and push the tray 2 away from the frame 1, so that the power battery that has undergone thermal runaway is quickly transferred outside the vehicle, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0073] It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present application, the width direction of the vehicle is the first direction X, the length direction of the vehicle is the second direction Y, and the height direction of the vehicle is the third direction Z, and the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0074] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the elastic locking mechanism 3 includes: a locking component 32 and a first elastic member 31; the locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and is movably connected to the tray 2; in the locked state, the locking component 32 is connected to the tray 2 to limit the tray 2, and in the unlocked state, the locking component 32 is disconnected from the tray 2 to release the limit on the tray 2; the first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and abuts against the tray 2; in the locked state, the first elastic member 31 is compressed and connected between the frame 1 and the tray 2, and in the unlocked state, the first elastic member 31 pushes the tray 2 away from the frame 1.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the elastic locking mechanism 3 includes a locking component 32 and a first elastic member 31. The locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and is movably connected to the frame 1. In the locked state, the locking component 32 is connected to the frame 1 to limit the tray 2. In the unlocked state, the locking component 32 is disconnected from the frame 1 to release the limit on the tray 2. The first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and abuts against the frame 1. In the locked state, the first elastic member 31 is compressed and connected between the frame 1 and the tray 2. In the unlocked state, the first elastic member 31 pushes the tray 2 away from the frame 1.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, due to the provision of the locking component 32 and the first elastic member 31, the locking and unlocking of the tray 2 can be achieved. Specifically, in the state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the locking component 32 is connected to the tray 2 to limit the tray 2 to achieve locking of the tray 2. At this time, the first elastic member 31 is in a compressed state. In the state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the locking component 32 is disconnected from the tray 2 to release the limit on the tray 2. At the same time, the first elastic member 31 expands to push the tray 2 away from the frame 1 to achieve unlocking of the tray 2, which is beneficial to the rapid transfer of the thermally failed power battery and effectively protects the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0077] It should be noted that in the drawings shown in the embodiments of the present application, only the case where the locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and is movably connected to the tray 2, and the first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and abuts against the tray 2 is shown. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can also have the case where the locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and is movably connected to the frame 1, and / or the first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and abuts against the frame 1. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the connection manners of the locking component 32, the first elastic member 31 with the tray 2 and the frame 1, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs.

[0078] The following combines the attached Figures 1 to 3 A detailed description is given to the case where the locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and is movably connected to the tray 2, and the first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and abuts against the tray 2. For the case where the locking component 32 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and is movably connected to the frame 1, and / or the first elastic member 31 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and abuts against the frame 1, those skilled in the art can make corresponding adjustments with reference to the above case.

[0079] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the first elastic member 31 is a first spring; along the first direction X, the first spring has a first end and a second end disposed away from each other, the first end is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the second end abuts against the tray 2; in the locked state, the first spring is compressed between the frame 1 and the tray 2, and in the unlocked state, the first spring pushes the tray 2 away from the frame 1.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, since the first end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the frame 1, a reliable connection of the first spring can be achieved. Since the second end of the first spring abuts against the tray 2, when the locking assembly 32 releases the limit on the tray 2, the first spring extends, thereby pushing the tray 2 away from the frame 1 to achieve the rapid transfer of the power battery.

[0081] It should be noted that one first spring or at least two first springs can be provided in the embodiments of the present application. The present application does not limit the number of the first springs provided, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs. It can be understood that when at least two first springs are provided, the at least two first springs are spaced along the second direction Y, so as to disperse the elastic force and push the tray 2 away from the frame 1 smoothly.

[0082] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, a limiting hole 24 is provided at one end of the tray 2 close to the elastic locking mechanism 3; at least part of the locking assembly 32 is movably inserted into the limiting hole 24; in the locked state, at least part of the locking assembly 32 is inserted into the limiting hole 24 to limit the tray 2, and in the unlocked state, at least part of the locking assembly 32 is disengaged from the limiting hole 24 to release the limit on the tray 2.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, since the limiting hole 24 is provided on the tray 2, the limit on the tray 2 or the release of the limit on the tray 2 can be achieved through the movable insertion of the limiting hole 24 and the locking assembly 32. This limiting method is simple and reliable, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the power battery protection system.

[0084] It should be noted that, in the case where the locking assembly 32 is fixedly connected to the tray 2 and movably connected to the frame 1, the limiting hole 24 should be correspondingly arranged on the frame 1, and specifically can be opened on the slide rail 11 of the frame 1, so that the limiting of the tray 2 or the release of the limiting of the tray 2 can be achieved through the movable plugging of the limiting hole 24 and the locking assembly 32. In addition, in order to achieve reliable plugging of the limiting hole 24 and the locking assembly 32, the axial direction of the limiting hole 24 is set at an angle with the first direction X, and the angle includes but is not limited to 30°, 75°, 90°, 120°, 150° or other angles, which are not limited here, and can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the axial direction of the limiting hole 24 is parallel to the second direction Y, that is, the axial direction of the limiting hole 24 is set at an angle of 90° with the first direction X, so that the plugging reliability of the limiting hole 24 and the locking assembly 32 can be further improved.

[0085] Specifically, the locking assembly 32 includes: a driving member 322 and a limiting pin 321; the driving member 322 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, the driving member 322 has an output end, and the limiting pin 321 is arranged at the output end; in the locked state, the driving member 322 drives the limiting pin 321 to cooperate with the limiting hole 24 to limit the tray 2; in the unlocked state, the driving member 322 drives the limiting pin 321 to release the connection with the limiting hole 24 to release the limitation of the tray 2.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, since the tray 2 is provided with a limiting hole 24, the locking assembly 32 includes a limiting pin 321, and the tray 2 can be limited by the matching and plugging of the limiting hole 24 and the limiting pin 321. This limiting method is simple and reliable, and is conducive to simplifying the structure of the power battery protection system.

[0087] In a specific application, the tray 2 includes two first side panels 21 arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and a second side panel 22 and a third side panel 23 arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, wherein the third side panel 23 is arranged close to the elastic locking mechanism 3. In one embodiment, an L-shaped connecting plate is arranged on the side of the third side panel 23 away from the center of the tray 2, and the L-shaped connecting plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate arranged perpendicular to each other, wherein the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the tray 2, and a limiting hole 24 is arranged on the second connecting plate.

[0088] It should be noted that the driving member 322 in the embodiment of the present application is a motor. The locking assembly 32 in the embodiment of the present application can be provided with one or at least two. The present application does not limit the number of the locking assemblies 32, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to needs. In some embodiments, at least two locking assemblies 32 are provided. Correspondingly, at least two L-shaped connecting plates are provided on the third side plate 23 of the tray 2, and one limiting hole 24 is provided on one L-shaped connecting plate. In this way, through the cooperation and insertion of one limiting hole 24 and one locking assembly 32, the limiting reliability of the elastic locking mechanism 3 for the tray 2 can be further improved, so that the power battery is reliably fixed at the bottom of the vehicle. As Figure 2 shown, in one embodiment, two locking assemblies 32 are provided, and the two locking assemblies 32 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the third side plate 23 along the second direction Y.

[0089] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the tray 2 is slidably connected to the frame 1.

[0090] As Figure 4 shown, the frame 1 is provided with one of a slide rail 11 or a slider extending along the first direction X; the tray 2 is provided with the other of a slide rail 11 or a slider extending along the first direction X, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail 11 so that the tray 2 slides relative to the frame 1 along the first direction X.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, since the frame 1 is provided with one of a slide rail 11 or a slider, correspondingly, the tray 2 is provided with the other of a slide rail 11 or a slider. In this way, through the sliding connection of the slider to the slide rail 11, the tray 2 can slide relative to the frame 1 along the first direction X. This sliding connection method can reduce the frictional resistance between the tray 2 and the frame 1, which is beneficial to the tray 2 being smoothly pushed away from the frame 1 to realize the rapid transfer of the power battery.

[0092] It should be noted that in the drawings shown in the embodiments of the present application, only the case where the slide rail 11 is provided on the frame 1 and the slider is provided on the tray 2 is shown. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can also set the slider on the frame 1 and the slide rail 11 on the tray 2. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0093] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, two slide rails 11 are provided, and the two slide rails 11 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X; two sliders are provided, and the two sliders are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y, and one slider is slidably connected to one slide rail 11.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, since two slide rails 11 and two sliders are provided, and the two slide rails 11 and the two sliders are oppositely arranged along the second direction Y, and one slider is slidably connected to one slide rail 11. In this way, the sliding stability of the tray 2 can be improved, which is beneficial to the smooth pushing of the tray 2 away from the frame 1, realizing the rapid transfer of the power battery.

[0095] In a specific application, as Figure 3 shown, the two sliders are oppositely arranged at both ends of the tray 2 along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the two slide rails 11 are oppositely arranged at both ends of the frame 1 along the second direction Y. Specifically, in order to simplify the structure of the tray 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the first side plate 21 of the tray 2 is used as the slider, and the first side plate 21 is slidably connected to the slide rail 11, so as to realize the movement of the tray 2 relative to the frame 1 along the first direction X.

[0096] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the slide rail 11 includes: a chute 111 and a ball 112; the chute 111 extends along the first direction X; at least part of the ball 112 is embedded in the chute 111, and at least part of the ball 112 is in rolling connection with the slider, so that the slider slides relative to the slide rail 11 along the first direction X.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, since the chute 111 and the ball 112 are provided, and at least part of the ball 112 is embedded in the chute 111. In this way, through the rolling connection of at least part of the ball 112 with the slider, the frictional resistance between the tray 2 and the frame 1 can be further reduced, enabling the rapid transfer of the power battery and effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0098] It should be noted that multiple chutes 111 can be provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the multiple chutes 111 are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the respective sliding surfaces of the slider, where the sliding surface refers to the surface of the slider participating in the sliding. In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the first side plate 21 serving as the slider has a first side surface and a second side surface oppositely arranged along the first direction X, and a third side surface and a fourth side surface arranged along the third direction Z, where the first side surface, the third side surface and the fourth side surface are sliding surfaces. Correspondingly, two chutes 111 are arranged at positions corresponding to the first side surface of the slide rail 11, and one chute 111 is respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the third side surface and the fourth side surface. In addition, in order to improve the sliding reliability between the slide rail 11 and the slider, multiple balls 112 are embedded in each chute 111.

[0099] As Figure 5 shown, the power battery protection system further includes an energy absorption mechanism 4, and the energy absorption mechanism 4 is arranged on the side of the tray 2 away from the elastic locking mechanism 3, and the energy absorption mechanism 4 is used for absorbing the energy of an external collision.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, due to the provision of the energy absorption mechanism 4, when the tray 2 and the power battery located in the tray 2 are collided with obstacles such as other vehicles or road shoulders, a part of the collision energy can be absorbed, thereby reducing the damage to the power battery and reducing the possibility of thermal failure of the power battery.

[0101] Specifically, the energy absorption mechanism 4 includes a bumper beam 41 and an energy absorption box 42 arranged in sequence along the first direction X, and the energy absorption box 42 is arranged close to the tray 2.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present application, due to the provision of the bumper beam 41 and the energy absorption box 42, when the tray 2 and the power battery located in the tray 2 are collided with obstacles such as other vehicles or road shoulders, the outermost bumper beam 41 can absorb part of the collision energy through deformation to reduce the collision energy; when the bumper beam 41 is not sufficient to absorb all the collision energy, the energy absorption box 42 further deforms to absorb part of the collision energy, so that the collision energy is further reduced; at the same time, the first spring of the elastic locking mechanism 3 will also absorb part of the collision energy through its own elastic deformation to further reduce the collision energy. That is, under the multiple energy absorption effects of the bumper beam 41, the energy absorption box 42 and the first spring, the collision energy is continuously reduced, thereby effectively reducing the damage caused to the power battery by the collision, which is beneficial to reducing the possibility of thermal failure of the power battery.

[0103] It should be noted that both ends of the bumper beam 41 in the embodiment of the present application along the second direction Y are fixedly connected to the two first side plates 21 of the tray 2. When the power battery undergoes thermal runaway, the energy absorption mechanism 4 can be ejected together with the tray 2 without affecting the transfer of the power battery. In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of energy absorption boxes 42 are provided. Specifically, the plurality of energy absorption boxes 42 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y on the second side plate 22 of the tray 2, so as to protect the tray 2 and the power battery located in the tray 2 in all directions when the vehicle is collided on the side.

[0104] As Figure 6 shown, the energy absorption box 42 includes: a box body 421 and a second elastic member 422; a chamber 4211 is provided in the box body 421; the second elastic member 422 is arranged in the chamber 4211, and the energy of an external collision is absorbed through the elastic deformation of the second elastic member 422.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, since the box body 421 and the second elastic member 422 are provided, and the second elastic member 422 is located in the chamber 4211 of the box body 421. In this way, when the tray 2 and the power battery located in the tray 2 are collided by obstacles such as other vehicles or road shoulders, on the one hand, the box body 421 undergoes a crushing deformation, and on the other hand, the second elastic member 422 undergoes an elastic deformation. That is, the energy absorption box 42 can convert the collision energy into the structural plastic deformation energy of the box body 421 and the elastic deformation energy of the second elastic member 422, thereby effectively absorbing the collision energy and being beneficial to reducing the damage to the power battery caused by the collision.

[0106] It should be noted that, in order to further improve the energy absorption effect of the energy absorption box 42, a plurality of chambers 4211 are provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the plurality of chambers 4211 are in a honeycomb shape. Correspondingly, a plurality of second elastic members 422 are provided, and one second elastic member 422 is disposed in one chamber 4211. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of the chambers 4211 and the second elastic members 422, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs, such as anti-collision requirements and energy absorption requirements. As Figure 6 shown, in one of the embodiments, four chambers 4211 are provided, and the four chambers 4211 are distributed in a "field" shape, and one second elastic member 422 is disposed in one chamber 4211. In addition, the material of the box body 421 includes but is not limited to aluminum alloy, low-carbon steel or other materials. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the box body 421, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs. It can be understood that when an aluminum alloy box body 421 is used, the weight of the energy absorption box 42 can be reduced, which is beneficial to the lightweight of the power battery protection system.

[0107] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the second elastic member 422 is a second spring, and the second spring expands and contracts along the first direction X to absorb the energy of an external collision. In this way, the collision energy can be converted into elastic deformation energy through the expansion and contraction of the second spring, effectively absorbing the collision energy.

[0108] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the box body 421 is provided with a collapse hole 4212, and the collapse hole 4212 is communicated with the chamber 4211.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, since the collapse hole 4212 is provided, the collapse hole 4212 can reduce the structural strength of the box body 421, making the box body 421 prone to collapse deformation and effectively absorbing the collision energy. In addition, at the moment when the energy absorption box 42 deforms, the air in the chamber 4211 may be compressed into high-pressure air. Since the collapse hole 4212 is communicated with the chamber 4211, the high-pressure air can be discharged, thereby timely relieving the pressure in the chamber 4211.

[0110] Further, the box body 421 is a prismatic box body 421, and the prismatic box body 421 includes a plurality of side edges extending in the first direction X; the collapse holes 4212 are provided at the side edges.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, due to the provision of the prismatic box body 421, the prismatic box body 421 has a simple structure, is easy to process, has a low cost, has appropriate strength and stiffness, and can guide the deformation direction during a collision, so that the energy absorption box 42 can be stably crushed. During the collapse process of the prismatic box body 421, since the side edges of the prismatic box body 421 have greater structural strength than the side surfaces, when the collapse holes 4212 are provided at the side edges, the energy absorption effect of the box body 421 can be improved.

[0112] It should be noted that the prismatic box body 421 can be a triangular prismatic box body 421, a quadrangular prismatic box body 421, a hexagonal prismatic box body 421 or other multi-prismatic box bodies 421, which are not limited herein, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs. In addition, the collapse holes 4212 can be provided at all the side edges of the prismatic box body 421, or can be provided at some of the side edges. In the case where the collapse holes 4212 are provided at the side edges, one collapse hole 4212 can be provided on one side edge, or at least two collapse holes 4212 can be provided. When at least two collapse holes 4212 are provided, the two collapse holes 4212 are spaced along the first direction X on the side edge. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting method and the number of the collapse holes 4212, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to actual needs.

[0113] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the energy absorption mechanism 4 further includes a third elastic member 43, and the third elastic member 43 is provided on the side of the bumper beam 41 away from the energy absorption box 42.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, due to the provision of the third elastic member 43, the third elastic member 43 is provided on the side of the bumper beam 41 away from the energy absorption box 42. In this way, when the tray 2 and the power battery located in the tray 2 are collided by other vehicles or obstacles such as road shoulders, the third elastic member 43 can absorb the collision energy through its own elastic deformation; and when the collision energy is small, all the collision energy can be converted into elastic deformation energy, thereby protecting the bumper beam 41 from being impacted.

[0115] It should be noted that the third elastic member 43 can be a leaf spring, a spring or other elastic members, which are not limited herein, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs. As Figure 5 shown, in one embodiment, the third elastic member 43 is an energy absorption leaf spring, and the two ends of the energy absorption leaf spring along the second direction Y are respectively fixed to the bumper beam 41.

[0116] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the elastic locking mechanism 3 includes a control module, which is used to control the elastic locking mechanism 3 to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state; in the state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism 3 to be in the locked state to limit the tray 2; in the state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism 3 to switch to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray 2 and push the tray 2 away from the frame 1.

[0117] In the embodiments of the present application, due to the setting of the control module, the elastic locking mechanism 3 can be automatically switched between the locked state and the unlocked state according to the actual situation, thereby improving the switching reliability and switching efficiency of the elastic locking mechanism 3, which is beneficial to quickly transfer the power battery with thermal runaway to the outside of the vehicle and effectively protect the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0118] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the control module includes: a controller 5 and a thermal failure sensor; the controller 5 includes an input end and an output end, the input end is electrically connected to the thermal failure sensor, and the output end is electrically connected to the elastic locking mechanism 3. The thermal failure sensor is used to obtain the thermal failure information of the power battery, and the controller 5 controls the elastic locking mechanism 3 to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state based on the thermal failure information.

[0119] In practical applications, the thermal failure sensor can obtain the thermal failure information of the power battery and transmit the thermal failure information to the controller 5. The controller 5 controls the elastic locking mechanism 3 to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state based on the thermal failure information, thereby realizing the limitation of the tray 2 or releasing the limitation on the tray 2.

[0120] It should be noted that the thermal failure information refers to the information that can indicate the thermal failure of the power battery. Those skilled in the art can adopt different types of thermal failure information for thermal failure monitoring according to actual needs. The electrical connection in the embodiments of the present application can be wire connection or signal connection, which is not limited herein, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. In specific applications, the driving member 322 of the elastic locking mechanism 3 is electrically connected to the output end of the controller 5. Based on the thermal failure information, the controller 5 controls the driving member 322 to rotate forward or backward, thereby realizing the mating insertion or disconnection of the limiting pin 321 and the limiting hole 24.

[0121] In practical applications, the thermal failure sensor includes at least one of a displacement sensor 6 and a smoke sensor 7. In one embodiment, the thermal failure sensor includes a displacement sensor 6 and a smoke sensor 7. The displacement sensor 6 is disposed on one side of the second side plate 22 of the tray 2 close to the energy absorption box 42, and a plurality of displacement sensors 6 are provided. The plurality of displacement sensors 6 are alternately arranged with the energy absorption box 42 along the second direction Y to obtain the displacement change information of the bumper beam 41. The smoke sensor 7 is disposed above the power battery and in the central area of the tray 2 to obtain the smoke and open fire information of the power battery. It should be noted that the smoke sensor 7 can be integrally provided with the controller 5 or separately provided, which is not limited herein.

[0122] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the controller 5 includes an input end; the power battery protection system further includes an emergency switch 8, and the emergency switch 8 is electrically connected to the input end to switch the elastic locking mechanism 3 to the unlocked state through the controller 5.

[0123] In the embodiment of the present application, since the emergency switch 8 is provided, the emergency switch 8 can switch the elastic locking mechanism 3 to the unlocked state through the controller 5. In this way, when the thermal failure sensor fails or needs to be repaired, the power battery can be transferred in time, which is beneficial to further improving the reliability of the power battery protection system and the convenience of repairing the power battery.

[0124] It should be noted that the emergency switch 8 can be disposed at any position of the vehicle, which is not limited herein, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to needs. For the convenience of operation, the emergency switch 8 is generally disposed in the cab.

[0125] In some alternative embodiments of the present application, the power battery protection system further includes a power connector 9, and the power connector 9 is used to transmit the current and voltage generated by the power battery to the electrical equipment of the vehicle; the controller 5 includes an output end, and the power connector 9 is electrically connected to the output end. In the state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the controller 5 controls the power connector 9 to disconnect.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, since the output end of the controller 5 is electrically connected to the power connector 9, in the state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the controller 5 can control the power connector 9 to disconnect. In this way, on the one hand, the vehicle power supply can be cut off in time, which is beneficial to protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers. On the other hand, by disconnecting the power connector 9, specifically, the separation of the male head and the female head of the power connector 9 can avoid the wires of the power connector 9 affecting the transfer of the tray 2, so that the tray 2 can be smoothly pushed away from the frame 1, so that the power battery with thermal runaway can be quickly transferred to the outside of the vehicle, effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0127] The following are several possible application scenarios of the power battery protection system provided by the embodiments of the present application:

[0128] 1. Application scenario where the power battery is subjected to an external collision:

[0129] In this application scenario, the outermost third elastic member 43 absorbs the collision energy through elastic deformation; when the third elastic member 43 is insufficient to absorb the collision energy, the anti-collision beam 41 deforms to absorb part of the collision energy; when the third elastic member 43 and the anti-collision beam 41 are insufficient to absorb the collision energy, the energy-absorbing box 42 further deforms to absorb part of the collision energy. During this process, as the anti-collision beam 41 and the energy-absorbing box 42 continuously deform, the displacement change information of the anti-collision beam 41 obtained by the displacement sensor 6, that is, the distance between the anti-collision beam 41 and the displacement sensor 6 gradually decreases. When the above distance is less than or equal to the preset displacement threshold, the power battery undergoes thermal failure. Subsequently, the controller 5 controls the driving member 322 to rotate, so that the limit pin 321 is disengaged from the limit hole 24, thereby pushing the tray 2 away from the bracket under the action of the first elastic member 31, realizing the transfer of the hazard source, and avoiding the vehicle from catching fire or even exploding due to the thermal failure of the power battery, thus effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0130] 2. Application scenario where the power battery is subjected to high temperature or a fire source:

[0131] In this application scenario, the smoke sensor 7 located in the tray 2 obtains smoke or open fire information. Specifically, it obtains information such as smoke concentration and open fire temperature. When the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the preset smoke concentration threshold, or when the open fire temperature is greater than or equal to the preset open fire temperature, the power battery undergoes thermal failure. Subsequently, the controller 5 controls the driving member 322 to rotate, so that the limit pin 321 is disengaged from the limit hole 24, thereby pushing the tray 2 away from the bracket under the action of the first elastic member 31, realizing the transfer of the hazard source, and avoiding the vehicle from catching fire or even exploding due to the thermal failure of the power battery, thus effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0132] 3. Application scenario where the power battery is simultaneously subjected to an external collision and high temperature or a fire source:

[0133] In this application scenario, the energy absorption mechanism 4 absorbs the collision energy, and the displacement sensor 6 obtains the displacement change information of the anti-collision beam 41, that is, the distance between the anti-collision beam 41 and the displacement sensor 6. At the same time, the smoke sensor 7 obtains the smoke concentration and open fire temperature of the power battery. When any one of the following three situations occurs, that is, when the distance between the anti-collision beam 41 and the displacement sensor 6 is less than or equal to the preset displacement threshold, or when the smoke concentration is greater than or equal to the preset smoke concentration threshold, or when the open fire temperature is greater than or equal to the preset open fire temperature, the power battery undergoes thermal failure. Subsequently, the controller 5 controls the driving member 322 to rotate, so that the limit pin 321 is disengaged from the limit hole 24, and thus the tray 2 is pushed away from the bracket under the action of the first elastic member 31, realizing the transfer of the hazard source, avoiding the vehicle from catching fire or even exploding due to the thermal failure of the power battery, and effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0134] 4. Application scenario for thermal failure sensor failure or power battery maintenance:

[0135] In this application scenario, the staff activates the emergency switch 8, and the controller 5 controls the driving member 322 to rotate, so that the limit pin 321 is disengaged from the limit hole 24, and thus the tray 2 is pushed away from the bracket under the action of the first elastic member 31, which is beneficial to the transfer of the thermally failed power battery or the maintenance of the power battery.

[0136] In summary, the power battery protection system provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, since the power battery protection system includes: a tray, an elastic locking mechanism, and a frame disposed at the bottom of the vehicle; the tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, and the tray is used for placing the power battery; the elastic locking mechanism is disposed between the frame and the tray and can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. In a state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state to limit the tray; in a state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame. In this way, on the one hand, since the frame and the tray are provided, and the tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, the tray on which the power battery is placed can be easily pulled out from the side of the vehicle, facilitating the maintenance of the power battery. On the other hand, since the elastic locking mechanism is provided, and the elastic locking mechanism can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. Among them, in a state where the power battery does not undergo thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state to limit the tray, so that the positions of the tray and the frame are relatively fixed, and the power battery is reliably fixed at the bottom of the vehicle. In a state where the power battery undergoes thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame, so that the power battery in thermal runaway is quickly transferred outside the vehicle, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0138] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, and the vehicle includes the power battery protection system described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the power battery protection system is provided, the power battery can be quickly transferred outside the vehicle when the power battery undergoes thermal failure, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the vehicle and the passengers.

[0139] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the battery protection system is the same as that of the battery protection system described in any one of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are also similar, and will not be elaborated here.

[0140] In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0141] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power battery protection system is applied to a vehicle. The width direction of the vehicle is the first direction. Characterized in that, the power battery protection system includes: a tray, an elastic locking mechanism, and a frame arranged at the bottom of the vehicle; the tray is movably connected to the frame along the first direction, and the tray is used for placing a power battery; the elastic locking mechanism is arranged between the frame and the tray and can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state. In a state where the power battery does not have a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism is in the locked state to limit the tray; in a state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the elastic locking mechanism switches to the unlocked state to release the limit on the tray and push the tray away from the frame.

2. The power battery protection system according to claim 1, Characterized in that, the elastic locking mechanism includes: a locking component and a first elastic member; the locking component is fixedly connected to the frame and is movably connected to the tray; in the locked state, the locking component is connected to the tray to limit the tray, and in the unlocked state, the locking component is disconnected from the tray to release the limit on the tray; the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the frame and abuts against the tray; in the locked state, the first elastic member is compressed and connected between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first elastic member pushes the tray away from the frame.

3. The power battery protection system according to claim 1, Characterized in that, the elastic locking mechanism includes: a locking component and a first elastic member; the locking component is fixedly connected to the tray and is movably connected to the frame; in the locked state, the locking component is connected to the frame to limit the tray, and in the unlocked state, the locking component is disconnected from the frame to release the limit on the tray; the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the tray and abuts against the frame; in the locked state, the first elastic member is compressed and connected between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first elastic member pushes the tray away from the frame.

4. The power battery protection system according to claim 2, Characterized in that, the first elastic member is a first spring; along the first direction, the first spring has a first end and a second end arranged away from each other. The first end is fixedly connected to the frame, and the second end abuts against the tray; in the locked state, the first spring is compressed between the frame and the tray, and in the unlocked state, the first spring pushes the tray away from the frame.

5. The power battery protection system according to claim 2, Characterized in that, a limiting hole is arranged at one end of the tray close to the elastic locking mechanism; at least a part of the locking component is movably inserted into the limiting hole; In the locked state, at least a portion of the locking assembly is inserted into the limiting hole to limit the tray, and in the unlocked state, at least a portion of the locking assembly is released from the limiting hole to release the limiting of the tray.

6. The power battery protection system according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The locking assembly comprises: a driving member and a limiting pin; The driving member is fixedly connected to the frame, the driving member has an output end, and the limiting pin is arranged at the output end; In the locked state, the driving member drives the limit pin to engage with the limit hole to limit the tray; in the unlocked state, the driving member drives the limit pin to release the engagement with the limit hole to release the limit on the tray.

7. The power battery protection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The tray is slidably connected to the frame.

8. The power battery protection system according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The frame is provided with one of a slide rail or a slider extending along the first direction; The tray is provided with the other of the slide rail or the slider extending along the first direction, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail so that the tray slides relative to the frame along the first direction.

9. The power battery protection system according to claim 8, It is characterized in that There are two slide rails, and the two slide rails are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; Two sliders are provided, the two sliders are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, and one slider is slidably connected to one slide rail.

10. The power battery protection system according to claim 8 or 9, It is characterized in that The slide rail comprises: a slide groove and a ball bearing; The slide groove is extended along the first direction; At least a portion of the ball bearing is embedded in the slide groove, and the ball bearing is rollingly connected to at least a portion of the slider, so that the slider slides relative to the slide rail along the first direction.

11. The power battery protection system according to claim 10, It is characterized in that A plurality of the slide grooves are provided, and a plurality of the balls are embedded in one of the slide grooves.

12. The power battery protection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The power battery protection system further includes an energy absorbing mechanism, which is disposed on a side of the tray away from the elastic locking mechanism, and is used to absorb energy from external collisions.

13. The power battery protection system according to claim 12, It is characterized in that The energy absorbing mechanism comprises an anti-collision beam and an energy absorbing box which are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and the energy absorbing box is arranged close to the tray.

14. The power battery protection system according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The energy absorption box comprises: a box body and a second elastic member; A chamber is provided in the box body; The second elastic member is disposed in the chamber, and absorbs energy of external collision through elastic deformation of the second elastic member.

15. The power battery protection system according to claim 14, It is characterized in that There are a plurality of the chambers, there are a plurality of the second elastic members, and one second elastic member is disposed in one of the chambers.

16. The power battery protection system according to claim 14 or 15, It is characterized in that The second elastic member is a second spring, and the second spring expands and contracts along the first direction to absorb energy of external collision.

17. The power battery protection system according to claim 14, It is characterized in that The box body is provided with a collapse hole, and the collapse hole is communicated with the chamber.

18. The power battery protection system according to claim 17, It is characterized in that The box body is a prismatic box body, and the prismatic box body includes a plurality of side edges extending along the first direction; The collapse hole is arranged at the side edge.

19. The power battery protection system according to claim 13, It is characterized in that The energy absorbing mechanism further comprises a third elastic member, and the third elastic member is arranged on a side of the anti-collision beam away from the energy absorbing box.

20. The power battery protection system according to claim 19, It is characterized in that The third elastic member is an energy absorbing leaf spring.

21. The power battery protection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The elastic locking mechanism comprises a control module, and the control module is used to control the elastic locking mechanism to switch between the locking state and the unlocking state; When the power battery has not suffered thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism to be in the locked state to limit the tray; when the power battery has suffered thermal failure, the control module controls the elastic locking mechanism to switch to the unlocked state to release the limitation on the tray and push the tray away from the frame.

22. The power battery protection system according to claim 21, It is characterized in that The control module includes: a controller and a thermal failure sensor; The controller includes an input end and an output end, the input end is electrically connected to the thermal failure sensor, and the output end is electrically connected to the elastic locking mechanism, the thermal failure sensor is used to obtain thermal failure information of the power battery, and the controller controls the elastic locking mechanism to switch between the locked state and the unlocked state based on the thermal failure information.

23. The power battery protection system according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The thermal failure sensor includes at least one of a displacement sensor and a smoke sensor.

24. The power battery protection system according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The controller includes an input terminal; The power battery protection system further includes an emergency switch, which is electrically connected to the input end so as to switch the elastic locking mechanism to the unlocked state through the controller.

25. The power battery protection system according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The power battery protection system further includes a power connector, which is used to transmit the current and voltage generated by the power battery to the electrical equipment of the vehicle; The controller includes an output terminal, and the power connector is electrically connected to the output terminal. In a state where the power battery has a thermal failure, the controller controls the power connector to disconnect.

26. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle includes the power battery protection system according to any one of claims 1-25.

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