A water environment ecological management method and system based on artificial wetlands

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment management, specifically a water environment ecological management method and system based on artificial wetlands, comprising the following steps: measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone in the artificial wetland, calculating the pollutant concentration distribution value and the plant root distribution density at each monitoring point, and obtaining the water quality root distribution characterization value. In the artificial wetland environment, the present invention calculates the pollutant concentration distribution by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone, and performs numerical calculations in combination with the plant root distribution density to construct a water quality root distribution characterization, strengthen the spatial heterogeneity analysis of wetland water quality, and optimize the targeting of pollutant degradation. Based on the water quality root distribution characterization, the plant growth cycle parameters are calculated in combination with the water quality parameters, the relationship between the dynamic changes in water quality and the plant growth status is constructed, and the adaptability of wetland ecological regulation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water environment management, and in particular to a water environment ecological management method and system based on artificial wetlands. Background Art

[0002] Water environment ecological management primarily targets polluted water bodies for treatment and ecological restoration. Through measures such as hydraulic regulation, pollutant degradation, and bio-ecological optimization, water quality is improved and the balance of the aquatic ecosystem is adjusted to achieve the dual goals of pollution control and ecological restoration.

[0003] However, in the existing technologies for water environment management, pollutant removal relies on static hydraulic regulation and lacks adaptive regulation based on the dynamic characteristics of water quality, resulting in a low degree of matching between the degradation processes of different pollutants, affecting the treatment effect. During the ecological restoration process, plant growth monitoring is not coupled with water quality changes, and there is a lack of correlation analysis between plant growth status and pollutant degradation capacity, resulting in a lag in ecological regulation strategies. The impact of photosynthesis on water quality is only based on an overall assessment of plant growth status, without considering the fluctuations in dissolved oxygen concentration during the photosynthesis period, resulting in the pollutant degradation potential during the enhanced photosynthesis period not being fully utilized. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a water environment ecological management method and system based on artificial wetlands.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone of the artificial wetland, calculating the pollutant concentration distribution value and the plant root distribution density at each monitoring point, and obtaining a water quality root distribution characterization value; based on the water quality root distribution characterization value, calculating the water quality parameters and the water quality root distribution characterization value to generate wetland plant growth cycle parameters;

[0007] Collecting plant leaf data to obtain basic plant photosynthetic data; based on the basic plant photosynthetic data, recording the water temperature change curve and the dissolved oxygen change curve within the photosynthesis time period, fitting the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve to generate a plant photosynthetic efficiency index;

[0008] Based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the water inlet flow rate and hydraulic retention time are adjusted, the change range of the water quality parameters after adjustment is measured, and the dynamic value of pollutant treatment is obtained. Based on the dynamic value of pollutant treatment, the pollutant removal amount per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate are calculated to establish the wetland operation control threshold;

[0009] Based on the wetland operation control threshold, the wetland is divided into a water inflow period and a static period, the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone during different time periods are measured, and the wetland system operation parameters are calculated and generated.

[0010] The present invention provides a water environment ecological management system, comprising:

[0011] The water quality root system monitoring module measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone within the constructed wetland. Based on the data from each monitoring point, the pollutant concentration distribution value and plant root distribution density are calculated to obtain the water quality root system characterization value;

[0012] The photosynthetic efficiency analysis module collects plant leaf data based on the water quality root system characterization value, records the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve during the photosynthesis period, fits the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve, and generates the plant photosynthetic efficiency index;

[0013] The ecological control module adjusts the water flow rate and hydraulic retention time based on the plant photosynthetic efficiency index, measures the changes in water quality parameters after adjustment, calculates the pollutant removal per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate, and establishes the wetland operation control threshold;

[0014] The pollutant dynamic analysis module divides the wetland into water inflow period and static period based on the wetland operation control threshold, and then measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone during different time periods to obtain the dynamic value of pollutant treatment;

[0015] The system operation parameter module calculates and generates the wetland system operation parameters based on the dynamic values of pollutant treatment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0017] In an artificial wetland environment, the present invention calculates the pollutant concentration distribution by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone, and performs numerical calculations in combination with the plant root distribution density to construct a water quality root distribution representation, strengthen the spatial heterogeneity analysis of wetland water quality, and optimize the targeting of pollutant degradation. Based on the water quality root distribution representation, the plant growth cycle parameters are calculated in combination with the water quality parameters, and the relationship between the dynamic changes in water quality and the growth status of the plant is constructed to improve the adaptability of wetland ecological regulation. By extracting plant leaf data, recording the changes in water temperature and dissolved oxygen during the photosynthesis time period, and establishing a fitting relationship between the photosynthesis intensity and the dissolved oxygen change, the contribution of photosynthesis to pollutant degradation is quantitatively analyzed. Based on the plant growth cycle parameters and the photosynthetic efficiency index, the water inlet flow rate and the hydraulic retention time are adjusted, the change amplitude of the water quality parameters after adjustment is measured, and the dynamic value of pollutant treatment is constructed, so that the water quality regulation has a dynamic response capability and optimizes the synergistic relationship between the hydraulic retention time and the degradation of pollutants. Combined with the dynamic values of pollutant treatment, the amount of pollutants removed per unit area and the rate of plant biomass growth are calculated. This establishes wetland operational control thresholds, aligning pollutant degradation capacity with plant growth and ensuring ecological adaptability of the wetland's operational mechanisms. Based on the operational control thresholds, the wetland is divided into periods of inflow and quiescent conditions. Dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentrations in the plant root zone are measured during these periods, and wetland system operational parameters are calculated. This allows wetland operational strategies to adapt to the rhythm of water quality changes, improving the wetland's pollutant degradation efficiency and ecological balance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution, a water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone of the artificial wetland, calculate the pollutant concentration distribution value and plant root distribution density at each monitoring point, and obtain the water quality root distribution representation value; based on the water quality root distribution representation value, calculate the water quality parameters and the water quality root distribution representation value to generate the wetland plant growth cycle parameters;

[0022] Collect plant leaf data to obtain basic plant photosynthetic data; based on the basic plant photosynthetic data, record the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve during the photosynthesis period, fit the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve, and generate the plant photosynthetic efficiency index;

[0023] Based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the water inflow rate and hydraulic retention time are adjusted, and the change range of water quality parameters after adjustment is measured to obtain the dynamic value of pollutant treatment. Based on the dynamic value of pollutant treatment, the pollutant removal amount per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate are calculated to establish the wetland operation control threshold;

[0024] Based on the wetland operation control threshold, the wetland is divided into water inflow period and static period, the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone are measured in different time periods, and the wetland system operation parameters are calculated.

[0025] The steps for obtaining the water quality root distribution characterization value are as follows:

[0026] Monitoring equipment was deployed in the constructed wetland to regularly measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone. Water quality data from each monitoring device was collected to obtain the original water quality data set.

[0027] Based on the original water quality data set, the pollutant-root composite distribution value is calculated using the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, C di represents the pollutant concentration at the i-th monitoring point, D i represents the corresponding root distribution density, P i is the pollutant-root composite distribution value of the i-th monitoring point;

[0030] Based on the pollutant-root composite distribution value, the water quality root distribution characterization value is calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Among them, P i represents the pollutant-root composite distribution value of the i-th monitoring point, W i represents the weight factor of the i-th monitoring point, n is the total number of monitoring points, and Q is the root distribution characterization value of water quality.

[0033] Specifically, monitoring equipment is deployed in artificial wetlands, and the root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value are recorded one by one and the sampling time is marked. Each record is matched with the corresponding geographical location according to the equipment identification. For example, the monitoring results of water temperature are tested in the range of 0℃ to 60℃, the dissolved oxygen concentration is tested in the range of 0mg / L to 15mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is tested in the range of 0mg / L to 50mg / L, and the total phosphorus concentration is tested in the range of 0mg / L to 5mg / L. If the test value exceeds the corresponding range, the operating data of the monitoring instrument is manually compared and the equipment is replaced or calibrated. When data is missing, the records of the same location in adjacent time periods are compared to mark the available data for subsequent calculations. After confirming that the data of each monitoring location are valid and time-aligned, they are arranged in sequence according to the sampling time and the corresponding location information is configured for each sampling information to form corresponding monitoring records. The records of all monitoring locations are then merged into a data file for later analysis, and finally the original water quality data set is obtained.

[0034] The benefit of the formula is that it combines water quality indicators with root growth characteristics by integrating pollutant concentrations and plant root distribution density, and is used to characterize the comprehensive pollution intensity and root action characteristics of each monitoring point, thereby providing more targeted evaluation results for subsequent decision-making on water environment ecological governance.

[0035] C di The steps for obtaining parameters are as follows: first, a sensor that can record indicators such as ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration is set up at each monitoring point in the artificial wetland. The dissolved oxygen concentration and the concentration values of various pollutants are stored separately each time recording, and they are sorted in order of sampling time. Then, according to the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus detection principles, the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration values are measured using colorimetry and spectrophotometry respectively. The data that are not within the range of ammonia nitrogen concentration 0mg / L to 50mg / L and total phosphorus concentration 0mg / L to 5mg / L are manually verified and abnormal results are eliminated. Then, records that are consistent with the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration detection are selected from the processed data, and these concentration values are combined with other pollutant concentration information to obtain C di For example, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration at a monitoring point is 32.1 mg / L and the total phosphorus concentration is 2.47 mg / L, then the concentration data of other trace pollutants are combined and the units are unified to obtain C di In this example, we can add up all the detected pollutant concentration values 24.59 mg / L, 32.1 mg / L, 2.47 mg / L, etc., and remove the invalid records to get C. di =59.16 mg / L as the pollutant concentration value of the monitoring point.

[0036] D iThe parameter acquisition steps are as follows: using the root observation tube pre-buried in the wetland and combining it with the image acquisition equipment, every 48 hours, the growth image data of the plant roots at the corresponding monitoring point are collected, and the total projected area of the roots in the sampling tube observation area is identified by image processing methods. Then, it is compared with the reference area of the observation area to obtain the root distribution density value, and the root distribution density of all observation periods is recorded in a sequence. For example, the root image collected at a certain monitoring point is processed to obtain a root projection area of 5.6 cm2, and the reference area of the observation tube is 8.0 cm2. The root distribution density can be calculated as 5.6 / 8.0=0.70. If the results of multiple recordings are 0.64, 0.68, 0.70, 0.73, etc., the values of the nodes at similar time points can be averaged or interpolated, and 0.70 can be finally used as the D value of this period. i .

[0037] Calculation process:

[0038] The first step is to calculate For example, if the pollutant concentration C at a monitoring point in this period is di =59.16, root distribution density D i =0.70, then:

[0039]

[0040] The second step is to take the square root to get P i :

[0041]

[0042] The results show that for this monitoring point, the composite distribution value formed by the combined effect of pollutant concentration and root distribution density is about 59.24. The larger the value, the more obvious the pollutant load and the corresponding root distribution density is relatively high. It can be used for subsequent analysis and comparison of water quality root distribution characterization at different monitoring points. i Sort or cluster the values to determine their relative position in the overall water quality status.

[0043] The benefit of the formula is that it combines the pollutant-root composite distribution value of each monitoring point with the corresponding weight factor, and by taking the square root of the weight factor, it moderately balances the differences among the monitoring points, so that the final water quality root distribution characterization value can reflect the average level of the overall pollutant load and root distribution status.

[0044] P i The parameter acquisition step is to directly select the calculated pollutant-root composite distribution value for further weighted calculation of this formula. There is no need to obtain it repeatedly here. Just use the previously obtained P i value.

[0045] W i The steps for obtaining the parameters are to assign a weight ranging from 1 to 10 to each monitoring point. The weight is set based on factors such as the geographical location of the monitoring point within the wetland, plant growth conditions, and the distance from the external sewage outlet. Each weight value requires first collecting the distance between the monitoring point and the sewage outlet, the historical average pollutant concentration of the monitoring point, and the root zone activity index. After comparing these data, the ratio is calculated separately, and then the sum is divided by several reference coefficients to obtain the final value. For example, for monitoring points that are closer to the sewage outlet and have a higher historical average concentration, the value is larger. If the monitoring point is 150m away from the sewage outlet, the historical average concentration is 30.22mg / L, and the root zone activity index is 0.72 after image recognition, the three values can be normalized accordingly and then added and divided by 1.87 to obtain the corresponding weight of 7.2, which is updated regularly during the monitoring period.

[0046] The steps for obtaining the n parameter are to count the total number of monitoring points and ensure that the data of all monitoring points are complete and valid during the calculation. For example, if there are currently 20 monitoring locations deployed in the wetland and the observation records are complete, then n = 20. If the data of individual monitoring points are missing in a certain period of time, they need to be excluded or supplemented before calculation.

[0047] Calculation process:

[0048] The first step is to find the sum For example, select 3 sample values from 20 monitoring points: the first monitoring point P1 = 59.24 and W1 = 7.2, the second monitoring point P2 = 42.85 and W2 = 5.6, the third monitoring point P3 = 65.47 and W3 = 9.1, then:

[0049]

[0050] If the results of all monitoring points are added up in sequence, we can get (including the total values of the remaining 17 monitoring points), the sum in this example is 2210.30.

[0051] The second step is to divide by the total number of monitoring points n. In this example, n = 20, and we get:

[0052]

[0053] The results show that the root distribution characterization value of water quality obtained from the 20 monitoring points during the selected period of the example is approximately 110.515. If this value is calculated in subsequent periods and compared with the previous results, the changes in the overall pollutant load and root growth of the artificial wetland can be further judged by the numerical increase and decrease trend and whether it exceeds a certain management threshold.

[0054] The steps for obtaining the growth cycle parameters of wetland plants are as follows:

[0055] According to the water quality root distribution characterization value, the wetland plant growth cycle index is calculated using the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, Q is the root distribution characteristic value of water quality, T i is the water temperature at the i-th monitoring point, H i is pH value, S i is the dissolved oxygen concentration, G is the wetland plant growth cycle index;

[0058] Based on the wetland plant growth cycle index, combined with ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration, cycle fitting is performed to form the wetland plant growth cycle parameters.

[0059] Specifically, the formula is beneficial in that it integrates the water quality root distribution characterization values with water temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen concentration, which are key data that directly reflect the plant growth environment. It establishes a multiplication and division relationship by taking the sum and the square root of the sum in the denominator, and finally performs a nonlinear adjustment with the power of 0.8, so that the calculation results can more sensitively capture changes in the growth cycle of wetland plants.

[0060] The steps for obtaining the Q parameter are based on the water quality root distribution characterization value obtained previously.

[0061] T i The parameter acquisition steps are as follows: by continuously recording water temperature values near the monitoring point, the range is generally between 5℃ and 40℃, and associating these water temperature values with a specific time axis. After excluding records that are not in this interval or have abnormal jumps, the temperature values within the stable period are screened out and stored in the water temperature sequence in a separate modeling manner for each monitoring point. Then, the temperature value that matches the period required for cycle calculation is extracted from it and used as T i For example, in daily observation, the water temperature is recorded every 3 hours. The data measured at monitoring point B for several consecutive days are between 17.2℃ and 22.9℃. The average value of the corresponding period, 20.4℃, is taken as the T for a certain calculation. i .

[0062] H i The parameter acquisition steps are as follows: the pH value of the corresponding monitoring point is measured by the online pH sensor and recorded in a list corresponding to the monitoring time. Before each measurement, the pH sensor is compared with a known standard solution to confirm that the measurement error does not exceed 0.1. Then, the abnormal measurement points are eliminated from the processed data to form a set of reliable pH sequences. The pH value suitable for period calculation is then intercepted from the corresponding time period as H. iFor example, the pH value of monitoring point C was measured between 6.7 and 7.4 several times last week. The record with a relatively stable value and no outliers was cut off and the value of 7.1 was used as the H value for this calculation. i .

[0063] S i The parameter acquisition step is to obtain it based on the online detection results of the dissolved oxygen concentration at the monitoring point. Each monitoring point is measured multiple times at least during the day and night period. The range is generally between 0.5mg / L and 12mg / L. After eliminating instantaneous shocks or abnormal values, the dissolved oxygen data of the stable period are averaged and regarded as S i For example, the dissolved oxygen concentration detected at monitoring point D during a day and night is mostly between 5.5mg / L and 8.3mg / L. The average value obtained by sampling 4 times at night and 4 times during the day is 6.4mg / L. This value can be used as the S value for the current period. i .

[0064] Substituting the value into the formula, the result is 91.58, which shows that the wetland plant growth cycle index during this period is 91.58. The larger the value, the higher the adaptability of the plants in the wetland to the external environment and the faster the growth trend. If this value gradually decreases to around 50 in the subsequent period, further adjustments can be considered in water environment management. If it continues to approach or exceed 120, it means that the plants have significantly proliferated, and more detailed monitoring and management of the growth status of wetland plants is needed.

[0065] Based on the obtained wetland plant growth cycle index G, when combining the ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration obtained in the same monitoring period for periodic fitting, first collect the daily records of ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration during the monitoring period, accumulate them at an interval of once every three hours, and form a concentration sequence within the monitoring period. For ammonia nitrogen concentration in the range of 0mg / L to 50mg / L, check and review the records that significantly exceed the range. For total phosphorus concentration in the range of 0mg / L to 5mg / L, compare the test data with the range one by one and mark them as qualified or exceeded. When there are multiple consecutive times exceeding the range or approaching the upper limit, the detection frequency will be increased in subsequent time periods. After forming a valid concentration sequence, the cyclical change trends of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are jointly compared with the wetland plant growth cycle index G obtained previously. A time series model was established to analyze the degree of repeated fluctuations of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus on a daily or even weekly basis. Polynomial fitting or piecewise cubic spline fitting was selected for curve matching to identify peak points and trough points, and the G values corresponding to each peak point and trough point were matched to identify the growth cycle state of plants in the corresponding period. Finally, the fluctuation segment or stable segment in the curve fitting result was associated with the G value and recorded to obtain the wetland plant growth cycle parameters. The specific method for establishing the time series model was as follows: the time series data of ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration were continuously collected during the monitoring period, and recorded at hourly or shorter intervals. The records were first arranged into a sequence in chronological order, and then the mean centering and standard deviation normalization were performed to ensure that the indicators of different numerical scales were comparable. ARI was selected in combination with the sample size of historical observations. The MA(2,1,2) model is used for modeling. Setting p=2 means looking back two steps, d=1 means taking the first-order difference of the sequence, and q=2 means that the model contains two moving average terms. The least squares method is then used to make an initial estimate of each parameter, and the residual sequence is calculated and the white noise characteristics are evaluated. The Ljung-Box test is used to determine whether the residual meets the no-correlation requirement. The autocorrelation function and partial autocorrelation function are observed to fine-tune the values of p and q. The model parameters are corrected according to the fitting results and the training is repeated until it converges to a lower error level and meets the stable explanatory ability of the sequence, and finally a reliable time series model is generated.

[0066] The steps to obtain the plant photosynthetic efficiency index are:

[0067] Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetically active radiation, and net photosynthetic rate were collected, integrated, de-noised, and normalized to form a basic plant photosynthetic dataset.

[0068] Based on the basic plant photosynthesis data set, the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve within the photosynthesis period are recorded to establish photosynthesis time series data;

[0069] Based on the photosynthesis time series data, the plant photosynthetic efficiency index is calculated using the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, E is the index of plant photosynthetic efficiency, F t is the photosynthesis intensity, O t is the dissolved oxygen concentration, L t is photosynthetically active radiation, T t is the water temperature, and t0 to t1 is the photosynthesis recording period.

[0072] Specifically, when collecting chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetically active radiation and net photosynthetic rate, it is necessary to place the optical sensors used for detection above the wetland plant community at a certain distance in advance, and obtain the time series data of photosynthetically active radiation in a continuous monitoring mode of 8 hours a day. For the detection of net photosynthetic rate, the gas analysis equipment is used to record the change in carbon dioxide concentration in the gas around the plants during a specific period of time. At the same time, the spectrometer is used to detect the fluorescence emission peak of the plant leaves, and the collected fluorescence signal is paired with the radiation intensity data. The most basic sliding window method is used to perform differential calibration on the signal curve fluctuations one by one, and then the potential outliers are cleared by point-by-point comparison. If there are multiple outliers exceeding the acceptable range defined by the system within a certain period of time (for example, if the photosynthetically active radiation is lower than 10μmol / m2·s or higher than 2000μmo l / m2·s), further intensive sampling will be carried out in the subsequent tests, so that chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and net photosynthetic rate records at more detailed time points can be obtained. After that, all the collected records will be compared one by one to eliminate the obviously unreasonable data caused by equipment failure. When the remaining data are normalized, the minimum and maximum values of photosynthetically active radiation are used as the standard benchmark, and the fluorescence intensity and net photosynthetic rate are also mapped between 0 and 1. In this way, the data dimensions between different observation locations and different time periods can be unified. Finally, after normalization, the data are merged and output into a unified data table. By chronologically arranging the data table, a basic plant photosynthetic data set can be formed.

[0073] Based on the obtained plant photosynthesis basic data set, it is necessary to record the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve during the photosynthesis period. The water temperature detection equipment is set near the root system and the value is recorded every 30 minutes. The dissolved oxygen detection equipment is placed in the same area and tracked using a set of sensors in the range of 0 mg / L to 15 mg / L. If the dissolved oxygen detection results are continuously close to 15 mg / L in certain time periods, the recording frequency is increased to every 10 minutes according to the encrypted detection strategy. At the same time, the water temperature and dissolved oxygen data are mapped to the same time scale and linear interpolation is performed to ensure that the two curves are equal at each time point. With corresponding values, when there is missing data in certain intervals, refer to the two adjacent valid records. When there are less than two data references, conduct on-site inspection and supplementary measurement. After obtaining a relatively complete water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve in this way of sorting out time period by time, detect whether there are large-scale jump points for both, such as a sudden change of water temperature exceeding 3°C or a sudden change of dissolved oxygen exceeding 5 mg / L. When this happens, continue to compare the detection records in subsequent time periods. When the water temperature and dissolved oxygen data of all time periods are integrated in chronological order, they are marked and synchronously sorted as two time series, and finally the photosynthesis time series data is established.

[0074] The benefit of the formula is that it utilizes the multiplicative relationship between photosynthetic intensity and dissolved oxygen concentration, and increases the influence of dissolved oxygen in the product by 1.3. At the same time, the square sum of photosynthetically active radiation and water temperature is integrated in the denominator to characterize the influence of external environmental factors. Finally, the overall result is adjusted by 0.9 power, so that the calculated plant photosynthetic efficiency index can more sensitively reflect the dynamic changes under different environmental conditions.

[0075] Parameter F t The acquisition steps are as follows: first, the photosynthesis intensity near the plant leaves is recorded in real time within a selected time range. The photosynthesis intensity can be reflected by measuring the carbon dioxide consumption rate or oxygen release rate. It can also be compared with the effective photosynthesis efficiency data generated by chlorophyll fluorescence detection. The original recorded values of the photosynthesis intensity are arranged in chronological order and abnormal peaks are removed. Then, these records are resampled or interpolated according to the interval of each time point (for example, one record every 10 minutes), and finally a continuous F is formed in the range of t0 to t1. t Distribution sequence, for example, from 8:00 to 18:00, every 10 minutes, 60 records can be obtained in one day. If a record is too different from the previous and next one, it will be checked on site and corrected or eliminated, and finally summarized into F tFor example, in actual monitoring on a certain day, the sequence may remain at around 1.5 (unit can be mgCO2 / L·h) in the initial period, peak at 5.2 at noon, and gradually drop to 2.7 in the afternoon.

[0076] Parameter O t The acquisition steps are to continuously monitor the dissolved oxygen by placing a dissolved oxygen sensor in the water body and record the measured value as O t If the dissolved oxygen sensor range is 0mg / L to 15mg / L, the actual detection data must be monitored and must not exceed the range. At the same time, the instrument must be compared with the standard saturated dissolved oxygen value before each sampling. After collecting complete records, abnormal points are eliminated and compared with F t The corresponding time synchronization forms the same number of nodes O t Sequence, for example, between 8:00 and 18:00, O t It is as low as 4.1 mg / L in the morning, rises to 8.6 mg / L at noon, and drops again to 5.3 mg / L in the afternoon. After converting these data series into discrete time series with units of 10 minutes, it is convenient for point-by-point calculation in subsequent integration operations.

[0077] Parameter L t The acquisition steps are as follows: using the photosynthetically active radiation detection information obtained above, the observation data of effective radiation are statistically analyzed in segments during the same period (8:00-18:00), and the recorded values every 10 minutes are mapped to specific moments. Then, the records with unreasonable ranges (such as less than 10 μmol / m2·s or greater than 2000 μmol / m2·s) are eliminated and compared with the F t , O t Pairing, so that the photosynthetic active radiation value can be taken out at each time period to form L t Sequence, for each moment if the observed effective radiation value is within the acceptable range, then the value is directly used as L t , and finally all the moments of L t For example, the photosynthetically active radiation may be only 50 μmol / m2·s in the initial period, rising to 1800 μmol / m2·s at noon, and then falling back to about 400 μmol / m2·s in the afternoon. At this time, a relatively complete L t sequence.

[0078] Parameter T t The acquisition steps are to use the water temperature sensor to continuously monitor in the selected time period, record once every 10 minutes, and keep the temperature value (unit ℃) consistent with the previous time node to form T tSequence, at this time, it is necessary to ensure that the actual test results remain in a reasonable range (for example, 5℃ to 40℃). For data that may jump, water temperature comparison or additional temperature measurement should be performed to eliminate abnormal readings, and finally t 、F t and L t After alignment, a multi-column data table is formed. For example, the water temperature is stable at 17°C in the morning, gradually rises to 23°C at 1 pm, and drops to 21°C after 5 pm. By arranging these discrete time values, T t .

[0079] The steps for obtaining parameters t0 and t1 are as follows: manually set the photosynthesis recording time period, which can usually be selected from sunrise to afternoon according to observation needs. It can also be studied for a specific period of low light environment at night. For example, to adapt to the growth of wetland plants, t0 = 8, t1 = 18 can be determined. By continuously recording F at each node within this 10-hour period, the photosynthesis data can be recorded. t , O t 、L t 、T t , forming a fully covered time series data. If the time period needs to be changed or subdivided later, new t0 and t1 can be defined in other daily time periods and data can be collected again. In this example, t0 = 8 and t1 = 18 are just a selection method. Users can also select different time periods based on real-time monitoring conditions. They only need to ensure that the corresponding observation data and time nodes can be fully matched.

[0080] Calculation process:

[0081] The first step is to To solve, in actual operation, discrete integration is often used for approximate calculation. For example, if 8:00 to 18:00 is divided into 10 hours, and each hour is further divided into 6 nodes (one node every 10 minutes), 60 (F t , O t ) pairing values, each node The integral result is obtained by adding and multiplying by the time step (here the time step is 10 minutes = 1 / 6 hour). For example, if the sum of the calculations at each node is 590.24 and the time step is 0.1667 hours, the numerator is approximately 590.24 × 0.1667 ≈ 98.38.

[0082] The second step is to compare the denominator For calculation, we can also use the same number of nodes and calculate L at each moment. t With T t Square and sum, for example, on 60 nodes, add point by point to get The denominator is

[0083] The third step is to raise the ratio of the numerator to the denominator from the previous step to the power of 0.9:

[0084]

[0085] E=0.407 0.9 ≈0.43

[0086] The results show that the photosynthetic efficiency index of plants during this period is about 0.43. If the monitoring personnel find that the value is close to or exceeds 1 after calculation for several consecutive days, it means that the coupling between photosynthesis intensity and dissolved oxygen concentration has increased. If it is lower than 0.2, it means that the photosynthesis and dissolved oxygen performance are relatively low during the defined time period. It can be combined with the previously obtained F t With O t Other analyses were performed on the sequences.

[0087] The steps to obtain the dynamic value of pollutant treatment are:

[0088] Based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the impact of different growth stages on water quality regulation is analyzed, and the water flow regulation parameters are established in combination with the wetland hydraulic characteristics;

[0089] Based on the inflow flow adjustment parameters, the hydraulic retention time of water in the wetland is calculated. Combined with the water quality root distribution characterization value, the water flow path is simulated, the pollutant diffusion trend is analyzed, and the hydraulic retention time adjustment parameters are generated;

[0090] Based on the hydraulic retention time adjustment parameters, the wetland water inflow rate and hydraulic retention time are adjusted, the adjusted root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration are measured in real time, the change range of the root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration is calculated, and the dynamic value of pollutant treatment is obtained.

[0091] Specifically, based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the corresponding plant growth stage information is first compared with the plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators obtained above, and the wetland plant growth cycle parameters of the corresponding time period at each monitoring point in the water body are divided into different categories such as the initial growth period and the rapid growth period. The records of water quality parameters in these different time periods are retrieved point by point. For example, in the initial growth period, the fluctuation range of dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the root zone can be concentrated at a lower level, and the dissolved oxygen will increase relatively during the rapid growth period. At the same time, combined with the data on the water flow path, flow velocity distribution, and the actual location of the inlet and outlet in the wetland hydraulic characteristics, the absorption and retention of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus by the water body through different vegetation areas are compared one by one. The records of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indicators obtained from daily monitoring are compared with the vegetation growth stage. The comparison results of these data are uniformly summarized into a time period-growth stage correspondence table. Then, in the comparison table, the possible water quality fluctuation areas are divided according to the flow velocity and water body depth. For example, ammonia nitrogen is not easily absorbed in areas with sparse vegetation, while dissolved oxygen may be high in areas with rapid growth. This information is used to calculate the average pollutant concentration at each monitoring point when the water depth is 0.1m to 0.5m and the water flow rate is in the range of 0.01m / s to 0.1m / s in the software, and this average value is compared with the average value of the adjacent time period. If there is a significant difference or exceeds the existing empirical threshold (such as ammonia nitrogen concentration comparison between 0mg / L and 50mg / L, when three consecutive tests are close to the upper limit of 50mg / L, it is marked as requiring intervention), the water flow rate will be refined and adjusted in subsequent steps. After obtaining such statistical results, referring to factors such as the base flow at the entrance and exit of the wetland and the microtopography, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to determine the specific time and magnitude of the appropriate increase or decrease in water inflow, and finally the water flow rate setting that can match the different growth stages is summarized, so that a lower water inflow rate can be maintained in some periods and an increased water inflow rate in other periods. These values are recorded item by item and form the water flow adjustment parameters.

[0092] According to the water flow adjustment parameters generated previously, the hydraulic retention time of the water body in the wetland will be calculated each time the water inlet rate changes. The specific approach is to first collect the effective water volume and water cross-sectional area of each partition in the wetland, and combine this information with the actual water inlet rate to accumulate or calculate the different flow directions and flow sections section by section to form a set of time period-hydraulic retention time correspondences. At this time, if the hydraulic retention time of a section is close to or greater than the specified range (for example, an empirical range is 2 hours to 8 hours, and when it exceeds 8 hours for many consecutive times, it is marked as a high retention risk area), it may be necessary to reduce water inflow or introduce diversion pathways in the subsequent stage. Then, on this basis, the water quality root distribution characterization value is further combined to perform a differential comparison between the hydraulic retention time corresponding to the section with higher plant root density and the hydraulic retention time corresponding to the section with lower density to obtain different The diffusion trend of pollutants in the same section, for example, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus will be absorbed more quickly in the high root density section, and concentration accumulation may occur in the low root density section. For these two extreme cases, the monitoring records of the three pollutants of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are listed one by one and mapped with the residence time. If the diffusion rate of pollutants in a certain section is much greater than the absorption rate of vegetation, the section will be marked in the record as an object that requires strengthened flow rate control, and further simulation calculations will be performed on the flow rate increase or hydraulic retention time reduction of these sections. For example, when the average dissolved oxygen value in a section decreases successively and the ammonia nitrogen concentration increases successively, the water flow parameter will be reduced by 5% and recalculated to obtain new time period-hydraulic retention time data in turn. Finally, the discrete results obtained by these repeated adjustments are combined as several reference point outputs and finally recorded as hydraulic retention time adjustment parameters.

[0093] Based on the hydraulic retention time adjustment parameters, continuous monitoring points are first set up at the wetland inlet and outlet respectively, and the flow rate values obtained by monitoring are compared with the previously adjusted time period-hydraulic retention time correspondence, and the time consumed by the water body through the wetland in different time periods is re-compared. After each modification of the inlet flow rate, the root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration are measured in real time. If an indicator in the test is close to the upper limit of the empirical threshold (for example, ammonia nitrogen is close to 50 mg / L), the inlet flow rate is immediately corrected again. If the dissolved oxygen in the test is stable in the range of 6 mg / L to 9 mg / L and the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations are within a reasonable range, the original The water inlet rate is adjusted and continuously monitored. In the process of such cyclic recording, the water inlet flow rate and the corresponding hydraulic retention time and three key indicators after each adjustment are differentiated. For example, the dissolved oxygen concentration is observed to increase by 1 mg / L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is observed to decrease by 5 mg / L compared with before adjustment. These change ranges are compared with the previous records. If they show changes in the same direction for several consecutive times, it is determined that a relatively stable purification effect can be obtained under this flow adjustment level. Finally, the difference values of dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in multiple time periods are summarized, and an average or weighted evaluation is performed to obtain a comprehensive pollutant removal rate sequence, thereby obtaining the dynamic value of pollutant treatment.

[0094] The steps for obtaining the wetland operation control threshold are as follows:

[0095] Analyze the pollutant degradation rate per unit area, extract the degradation characteristics of different pollutant types, and construct pollutant removal data per unit area based on the dynamic values of pollutant treatment;

[0096] Based on the pollutant removal data per unit area, the plant biomass growth rate is calculated. Combined with the plant photosynthetic efficiency index, the contribution rate of photosynthesis to biomass accumulation is analyzed. Combined with the wetland plant growth cycle parameters, the plant biomass growth rate data is generated.

[0097] Based on the plant biomass growth rate data, the wetland operation control threshold is calculated using the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, Y is the wetland operation control threshold, R a is the pollutant removal per unit area, G b is the plant biomass growth rate, S n is the variation range of water quality parameters, P m is the total wetland biomass.

[0100] Specifically, the degradation rate of pollutants per unit area is analyzed. After obtaining detailed data on the change in pollutant concentrations at different monitoring points, the data are divided into several fixed area units to record the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other trace pollutants in each area unit in the time dimension. If the pollutant concentrations in some sections fluctuate greatly due to geographical characteristics or differences in vegetation coverage, it is necessary to identify multiple geographical divisions and track the actual degradation rates within the divisions. Then, pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are classified and sorted in each geographical division. For example, multiple detection records within a day or two days are extracted, and these records are aligned with time and pollutants of the same type are considered as the same group. For example, when ammonia nitrogen records exceed a certain empirical threshold of 50 mg / L, they are specially marked during statistics to distinguish high-pollution concentration samples from normal-concentration samples. Then, during the statistical process, the downward trend of pollutant concentrations is divided into intervals. For example, 24 hours are divided into several 6-hour or 3-hour segments, and ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in different time periods are compared. The specific degradation rate per unit area is judged by numerical values. During the process, monitoring abnormal values need to be excluded. After each time period is completed, the result is differentiated from the previous time period. For example, if ammonia nitrogen drops from 45 mg / L to 39 mg / L, this interval is recorded as a degradation amount of 6 mg / L. Multiple adjacent time periods are accumulated and averaged to obtain the average degradation rate per unit area of the corresponding section. Subsequently, the degradation characteristics of different pollutants are further extracted based on these degradation rates. For example, the average degradation amount of ammonia nitrogen at a temperature of 25°C to 30°C and a water depth of 0.3m to 0.5m, and the average degradation amount of total phosphorus in areas with dense plant roots are calculated. Based on these monitoring results, a pollutant classification degradation characteristic data is gradually constructed. Finally, the data is correlated with the pollutant treatment dynamic values obtained previously. The removal and accumulation amount of pollutants per unit area in each time period are compared section by section, and the changes in pollutant accumulation or removal trends in different area units and different time periods are determined through a unified labeling method. Finally, the pollutant removal data per unit area are aggregated.

[0101] Based on the pollutant removal data per unit area obtained above, regular plant monitoring records are needed to calculate the plant biomass growth rate. For example, the height and canopy coverage of vegetation in wetlands can be periodically tested by random sampling in different zones, and the actual plant mass at different monitoring points can be obtained by combining dry matter determination methods. These records are arranged in chronological order and outliers are excluded. For example, if special weather or strong winds cause too many plants to fall, additional measurements are conducted in subsequent periods. The hourly or daily biomass accumulation of plants is then calculated by comparing the dry mass of vegetation at the beginning and end stages. For example, if the dry mass of plants in a section increases from 2.5kg / m2 in the previous period to 2.8kg / m2, it means an increase of 0.3kg / m2 in a week. , and then combine it with the plant photosynthetic efficiency index obtained earlier to evaluate the contribution ratio of photosynthesis to the accumulation of this part of dry matter, and correspond the records of photosynthetic efficiency index in the same week with the vegetation dry mass increment one by one, and compare it with the removal effect of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the statistical table. For example, compare the dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration records of each day. If the biomass growth rate is observed to be relatively fast when the ammonia nitrogen concentration is maintained in the range of 20mg / L to 25mg / L, this phenomenon will be recorded in the growth cycle parameter data. Finally, based on multiple statistics and comparisons, the biomass accumulation rate in all monitoring periods is summarized, and the relationship between photosynthetic efficiency and biomass growth is regression analyzed and recorded in the final data list to obtain the plant biomass growth rate data.

[0102] The benefit of the formula is that it combines the amount of pollutants removed per unit area with the growth rate of plant biomass. Through the three-dimensional correlation between the amplitude of changes in water quality parameters and the total biomass of wetlands, multiple key indicators in the wetland operation and management process are calculated in a unified manner. By integrating logarithmic and sine functions, as well as nonlinear processing of the cubic root of the denominator, the results can be more flexibly adapted to the dynamic needs of wetland ecosystem management.

[0103] R aThe steps for obtaining parameters are as follows: first, using the previously obtained data on pollutant removal per unit area, for major pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus, calculate the total amount of removal within a certain period of time within the same area unit, and divide it by the area value corresponding to the area unit to obtain the pollutant removal per unit area. If the wetland is divided into multiple geographical zones, it is necessary to calculate the unit area removal of each zone separately and compare them in the same time interval, and then take the average between similar intervals or make a weighted combination according to actual monitoring requirements. For example, in a zone with an area of 500m2, the total ammonia nitrogen removal within a week is 12000mg. Divide 12000mg by 500m2 to get 24mg / m2. If the zone also removes 220mg of total phosphorus, it can be recorded as 220 / 500=0.44mg / m2. Finally, after the comprehensive removal of major pollutants per unit area is converted and added according to the same indicator, these removal amount series are compared or the representative value of a certain period is taken to obtain R a , for example, after the final summary and average, we get R a =24.44mg / m2.

[0104] G b The steps for obtaining the parameters are as follows: first, through the calculated plant biomass growth rate data, classify and denoise the multi-period measurement results to eliminate the interference of abnormal factors such as sudden climate and retain a relatively balanced growth curve; then, the increment of biomass in each period is divided by the dry matter weight or fresh weight by the time to obtain the hourly or daily growth rate sequence; within the same section, take the biomass growth rate sequence of multiple days and then average it to obtain the G in the typical period of the section. b For example, in the 30-day monitoring record, the average biomass of wetland plants increased from 3.1kg / m2 to 4.0kg / m2, so the monthly increase was 0.9kg / m2, which is 0.03kg / m2 per day, recorded as G b =0.03kg / m2·d, and can be converted into hourly or finer-grained data as needed, for example, 0.03 / 24=0.00125kg / m2·h, etc.

[0105] S n The steps for obtaining parameters are as follows: first, the variation range of dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc. within the same monitoring period must be extracted from the historical records of water quality testing, and their span from the initial value to the peak or valley value is counted. The maximum change is taken and recorded as the variation range of the water quality parameter. For example, during a certain monitoring period, ammonia nitrogen fluctuates from 15 mg / L to 33 mg / L, and the difference of 18 mg / L is regarded as part of the variation range of this round. If dissolved oxygen also fluctuates from 6 mg / L to 10 mg / L, with a change of 4 mg / L, then in the comprehensive comparison, the average difference of all key indicators or a similar method may be used to obtain S nFor example, during this period, the difference between dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus is calculated as 22.5 mg / L, which is recorded as S n =22.5. If you want to calculate multiple times in multiple periods, you can weight or summarize the change amplitudes in different periods, and take an S for each period. n values, and finally select the amplitude value that best represents the current operating period.

[0106] P m The steps to obtain the parameters are as follows: to express the overall biomass scale of the wetland, it is necessary to comprehensively measure the plant density, root coverage, surface plant coverage, etc. in the partition. For example, by regularly collecting plants in multiple representative areas and measuring their dry matter weight, the results are extrapolated to the entire wetland and measured in kg or t as the unit of measurement. For example, in a wetland with a total area of 10,000 m2, after multiple sampling, the estimated plant dry mass is about 2.4×10 6 kg, then P m =2.4×10 6 kg.

[0107] Calculation process:

[0108] The first step is to calculate ln(R a +1), for example, taking the aforementioned R a =24.44mg / m2, then:

[0109] ln(24.44+1)=ln(25.44)≈3.24

[0110] The second step is to calculate sin(G b ), if G b =0.03kg / m2·d, then:

[0111] sin(0.03)≈0.03

[0112] The third step is to make the difference and take the absolute value:

[0113] |ln(25.44)-sin(0.03)|=|3.24-0.03|=3.21

[0114] Step 4: Calculate For example, select S n =22.5 and P m =2.4×10 6 ,but:

[0115]

[0116] Step 5: Y is obtained:

[0117]

[0118] The results show that the wetland operation control threshold calculated at this time is about 0.0239. If the threshold fluctuates significantly in subsequent monitoring, such as rising above 0.05 or falling below 0.01, further inspection and adjustment may be required in combination with the previously obtained pollutant removal per unit area or biomass growth rate. If the ln(R a +1) and sin(G b ) significantly decreases, which means that the dynamic balance between pollutant removal and plant growth rate tends to change. As the total biomass of wetlands continues to increase, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the impact of this value on the overall threshold.

[0119] The steps for obtaining the operating parameters of the wetland system are as follows:

[0120] Based on the wetland operation control threshold, analyze the water quality fluctuation trend, determine the hydraulic retention characteristics of different time periods, divide the wetland water inflow period and static period, and establish the wetland water inflow period and static period division data;

[0121] Divide data based on the wetland water inflow period and static period, measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone, adjust the sensor measurement interval, record water quality parameters at different time periods, analyze parameter change trends, summarize data characteristics, and generate water quality parameter data at different time periods;

[0122] Based on the water quality parameter data at different time periods, the variation range of water quality parameters is calculated, and the variation patterns of dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration during the water inlet period and the static period are analyzed. The wetland system operation parameters are generated in combination with the wetland operation control threshold.

[0123] Specifically, based on the wetland operation control threshold, it is necessary to continuously observe the changes in water quality status in different time periods, and compare the recent fluctuation records of key indicators such as dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus with the wetland operation control threshold obtained previously. If it is found that the dissolved oxygen has been maintained in the range of 6mg / L to 8mg / L in a certain observation period and the ammonia nitrogen is repeatedly detected to be close to 50mg / L, it is judged that there may be a high load risk in this section. At this time, the hydraulic retention time of this section is measured and recorded under the dispatch of the operator, and the flow rate and hydraulic retention period information in the existing wetland flow configuration plan are combined to calibrate the observation time window. These monitoring and calculation results are compared one by one. If the dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen data show significant changes after extending or shortening the retention time, If the water quality changes, the corresponding relationship between the change and the operation control threshold is marked. After confirming that the data of all key monitoring sections have been recorded and compared with the pre-established effective range, the periods of relatively stable water quality and periods of large fluctuations are screened out in turn. On this basis, combined with the observation records of the geographical location of the monitoring points, plant growth cycle and photosynthesis intensity, several adjacent or overlapping periods are split or merged according to the level of retention characteristics, and finally a period-retention characteristic correspondence table is formed. The periods with high load risks are marked as water inflow periods prone to pollution fluctuations, and the periods that are relatively stable and have obvious pollutant degradation trends are marked as static periods. When the hydraulic retention characteristics of all sections are statistically analyzed, these records are integrated into the data for the division of wetland water inflow periods and static periods.

[0124] According to the data division of the wetland water inflow period and the static period, it is necessary to test the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone in different time periods, and adjust the sensor measurement frequency at the interval set in advance by the management personnel. If a section is judged to be prone to high load risk in the previous analysis, the monitoring interval will be shortened to 30 minutes or less. If the corresponding section is stable in the specified range for multiple tests in the recent period, for example, dissolved oxygen is between 5mg / L and 9mg / L, and ammonia nitrogen is between 10mg / L and 25mg / L, the measurement interval can be relaxed to 1 hour or 2 hours. When the monitoring officially starts, the measured data will be compared with the average value of the same time period one by one. For example, during a 6-hour water inflow period, the root zone dissolved oxygen concentration is recorded every half hour. Deoxygenate and compare each record with the range of 4mg / L to 10mg / L. If three consecutive records show a value less than 4mg / L or greater than 10mg / L, the detection interval will continue to be shortened in the subsequent time period and the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus conditions will be recorded. At the same time, this section will be marked as an abnormal fluctuation period. For the static period, the operator can check whether there is a cumulative change in dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen on the basis of testing once an hour. If it is observed that the ammonia nitrogen has increased by more than 5mg / L compared with the previous period, the phenomenon will be recorded in the parameter change table. After all observations are completed, the dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus data in different time periods are summarized, and the corresponding values are subtracted or averaged to summarize the increase or decrease of the indicators in each time period, and finally generate water quality parameter data for different time periods.

[0125] Based on the water quality parameter data of different time periods, first select the initial measured value and the last measured value from the dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus values obtained in each time period for comparison to obtain the change range of each time period. In this process, the abnormal measured values are eliminated or reviewed to confirm that they have indeed fluctuated significantly before being included in the difference sequence. Then, the difference distribution observed in the water inlet period is compared with the difference distribution corresponding to the static period. If the ammonia nitrogen reduction in a certain period exceeds 10 mg / L and is only about 2 mg / L in the static period, it means that the ammonia nitrogen treatment in the monitoring section during the water inlet period is relatively obvious. Obviously, if there are still some periods in which the total phosphorus is detected to gradually increase in the range of 2mg / L to 5mg / L, it is necessary to further strengthen monitoring in subsequent periods. Next, these comparison results are associated with the wetland operation control thresholds obtained previously, and the change amplitude values of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the same period are written into the threshold comparison table. If it is found that it is close to or exceeds a previously set threshold, such as 50mg / L, a corresponding early warning mark is made. Finally, the water quality change records of all water inlet periods and static periods are summarized together, and combined with the threshold comparison results obtained in the previous step to obtain the wetland system operation parameters.

[0126] The present invention provides a water environment ecological management system, comprising:

[0127] The water quality root system monitoring module measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone within the constructed wetland. Based on the data from each monitoring point, the pollutant concentration distribution value and plant root distribution density are calculated to obtain the water quality root system characterization value;

[0128] The photosynthetic efficiency analysis module collects plant leaf data based on the water quality root system characterization value, records the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve during the photosynthesis period, fits the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve, and generates the plant photosynthetic efficiency index;

[0129] The ecological control module adjusts the water flow rate and hydraulic retention time based on the plant photosynthetic efficiency index, measures the changes in water quality parameters after adjustment, calculates the pollutant removal per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate, and establishes the wetland operation control threshold;

[0130] The pollutant dynamic analysis module divides the wetland into water inflow period and static period based on the wetland operation control threshold, and then measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone during different time periods to obtain the dynamic value of pollutant treatment;

[0131] The system operation parameter module calculates and generates the wetland system operation parameters based on the dynamic values of pollutant treatment.

[0132] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any other form. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone of the artificial wetland, calculating the pollutant concentration distribution value and the plant root distribution density at each monitoring point, and obtaining a water quality root distribution characterization value; based on the water quality root distribution characterization value, calculating the water quality parameters and the water quality root distribution characterization value to generate wetland plant growth cycle parameters; Collecting plant leaf data to obtain basic plant photosynthetic data; based on the basic plant photosynthetic data, recording the water temperature change curve and the dissolved oxygen change curve within the photosynthesis time period, fitting the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve to generate a plant photosynthetic efficiency index; Based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the water inlet flow rate and hydraulic retention time are adjusted, the change range of the water quality parameters after adjustment is measured, and the dynamic value of pollutant treatment is obtained. Based on the dynamic value of pollutant treatment, the pollutant removal amount per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate are calculated to establish the wetland operation control threshold; Based on the wetland operation control threshold, the wetland is divided into a water inflow period and a static period, the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone during different time periods are measured, and the wetland system operation parameters are calculated and generated.

2. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the water quality root distribution characterization value are as follows: Monitoring equipment was deployed in the constructed wetland to regularly measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone. Water quality data from each monitoring device was collected to obtain the original water quality data set. Calculating a pollutant-root composite distribution value based on the original water quality data set; Based on the pollutant-root system composite distribution value, a water quality root system distribution characterization value is calculated.

3. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the wetland plant growth cycle parameters are as follows: Calculating a wetland plant growth cycle index based on the water quality root distribution characterization value; Based on the wetland plant growth cycle index, combined with ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration, cycle fitting is performed to form wetland plant growth cycle parameters.

4. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the plant photosynthetic efficiency index are: Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetically active radiation, and net photosynthetic rate were collected, integrated, de-noised, and normalized to form a basic plant photosynthetic dataset. Based on the plant photosynthesis basic data set, record the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve within the photosynthesis time period to establish photosynthesis time series data; Based on the photosynthesis time series data, a plant photosynthetic efficiency index is calculated.

5. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the dynamic value of pollutant treatment are: Based on the wetland plant growth cycle parameters and plant photosynthetic efficiency indicators, the impact of different growth stages on water quality regulation is analyzed, and the water inflow regulation parameters are established in combination with the wetland hydraulic characteristics; Calculating the hydraulic retention time of water in the wetland based on the water inlet flow adjustment parameter, simulating the water flow path based on the water quality root distribution characterization value, analyzing the pollutant diffusion trend, and generating the hydraulic retention time adjustment parameter; Based on the hydraulic retention time adjustment parameters, the wetland water inflow rate and hydraulic retention time are adjusted, the adjusted root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration are measured in real time, the change range of the root zone dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration is calculated, and the dynamic value of pollutant treatment is obtained.

6. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the wetland operation control threshold are as follows: Analyze the pollutant degradation rate per unit area, extract the degradation characteristics of different pollutant types, and construct pollutant removal data per unit area based on the dynamic values of pollutant treatment; Calculating the plant biomass growth rate based on the pollutant removal data per unit area, analyzing the contribution of photosynthesis to biomass accumulation in combination with the plant photosynthetic efficiency index, and generating plant biomass growth rate data in combination with the wetland plant growth cycle parameters; Based on the plant biomass growth rate data, a wetland operation control threshold is calculated.

7. The water environment ecological management method based on artificial wetlands according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the operating parameters of the wetland system are as follows: Based on the wetland operation control threshold, analyzing the water quality fluctuation trend, determining the hydraulic retention characteristics of different time periods, dividing the wetland into water inflow period and static period, and establishing the wetland water inflow period and static period division data; Divide the data according to the wetland water inflow period and the static period, measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone, adjust the sensor measurement interval, record the water quality parameters in different time periods, analyze the parameter change trend, summarize the data characteristics, and generate water quality parameter data for different time periods; Based on the water quality parameter data of the different time periods, the variation range of the water quality parameters is calculated, the variation patterns of the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration during the water inlet period and the static period are analyzed, and the wetland system operation parameters are generated in combination with the wetland operation control threshold.

8. The water environment ecological management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The water quality root system monitoring module measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus concentration, water temperature and pH value in the root zone within the constructed wetland. Based on the data from each monitoring point, the pollutant concentration distribution value and plant root distribution density are calculated to obtain the water quality root system characterization value; The photosynthetic efficiency analysis module collects plant leaf data based on the water quality root system characterization value, records the water temperature change curve and dissolved oxygen change curve during the photosynthesis period, fits the photosynthesis intensity value and the dissolved oxygen change curve, and generates the plant photosynthetic efficiency index; The ecological control module adjusts the water flow rate and hydraulic retention time based on the plant photosynthetic efficiency index, measures the changes in water quality parameters after adjustment, calculates the pollutant removal per unit area and the plant biomass growth rate, and establishes the wetland operation control threshold; The pollutant dynamic analysis module divides the wetland into water inflow period and static period based on the wetland operation control threshold, and then measures the dissolved oxygen concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total phosphorus concentration in the plant root zone during different time periods to obtain the dynamic value of pollutant treatment; The system operation parameter module calculates and generates the wetland system operation parameters based on the dynamic values of pollutant treatment.

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