Preparation method of building decoration fireproof material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of aluminum silicate, 20-35 parts of kaolin, 10-25 parts of aluminum oxide, 15-30 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-12 parts of polyaluminosiloxane, 5-10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 3-8 parts of aluminum triphosphate, 0.5-2 parts of titanium carbide, 1-5 parts of alkali-free glass fiber, 15-30 parts of calcium stearate, 20-35 parts of calamine and 0.1-1 part of a silane coupling agent. Wherein the diameter of the alkali-free glass fiber is 8-12 [mu] m. According to the preparation method of the building decoration fireproof material, the building decoration fireproof material shows excellent combustion performance and completely meets strict requirements of GB 8624A-grade standards, the reliability and safety of the building decoration fireproof material under extreme fire conditions are ensured, the oxygen index of the building decoration fireproof material is as high as 38% or above, the index is far better than that of common materials, the building decoration fireproof material shows excellent flame-retardant characteristics, and meanwhile, the building decoration fireproof material can be widely applied to the field of building decoration. The heat conductivity coefficient of the plate is strictly controlled below 0.12 W / (m.K), heat transfer is effectively blocked, and excellent heat insulation protection is provided for buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building decoration, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material. Background Art

[0002] During the process of building decoration, various materials are used, including fireproof materials. Fireproof materials refer to materials with the performance of preventing or retarding the spread of flames, synthetic materials added with a certain matrix with fireproof characteristics, or materials that inherently have high temperature resistance, heat resistance, and flame retardant characteristics. Currently, the main wall insulation materials are polystyrene and polyurethane foam materials. The thermal conductivity of these materials reaches 0.04w / m·k, and the insulation performance is poor. Especially in terms of fireproof performance, it is extremely prominent. Polystyrene is a flammable material that emits a large amount of toxic gases after combustion. In view of the severe situation of building fire prevention, the Ministry of Public Security requires that the thermal insulation materials for civil buildings must use materials with a combustion performance of Class A.

[0003] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a building decoration fireproof material with excellent fireproof performance, good heat insulation effect, and high mechanical strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material. The fireproof material prepared by this method has excellent fireproof performance, good heat insulation effect, and high mechanical strength.

[0005] In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material, including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 - 50 parts of aluminum silicate, 20 - 35 parts of kaolin, 10 - 25 parts of alumina, 15 - 30 parts of titanium dioxide, 6 - 12 parts of polyaluminum siloxane, 5 - 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 3 - 8 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 0.5 - 2 parts of titanium carbide, 1 - 5 parts of alkali-free glass fiber, 15 - 30 parts of calcium stearate, 20 - 35 parts of calamine, 0.1 - 1 part of silane coupling agent; wherein, the diameter of the alkali-free glass fiber is 8 - 12μm, and the surface is pretreated with a silane coupling agent; the titanium dioxide is rutile type, and the particle size ≤ 1μm.

[0006] Furthermore, it further includes at least one of the following components: 1 - 2 parts of silicon nitride, the mass ratio with titanium carbide is 1:1 - 1:2, 10 - 20 parts of expanded perlite, the particle size is 0.5 - 2mm, 2 - 5 parts of hollow microspheres (particle size 10 - 50μm), which are used to enhance the heat insulation performance.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate to the kaolin is 1:0.5 - 1.5, and the alumina purity is ≥98%. The polyaluminosiloxane is a copolymer of methylphenylsiloxane and epoxy-modified siloxane, and its viscosity ranges from 500 to 2000 mPa·s.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the calcium stearate to the calamine is 1:1 - 1:1.5, and the zinc oxide content in the calamine is ≥40%. The silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Mix aluminum silicate, kaolin, alumina, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum tripolyphosphate by ball milling and then pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixture A.

[0011] Step 2: Slurry preparation. Disperse mixture A in 400 - 600 parts of deionized water and perform ultrasonic treatment for 20 - 30 minutes to obtain suspension A. Subsequently, add titanium dioxide and polyaluminosiloxane and stir at 50 - 70°C for 40 - 60 minutes to form homogeneous slurry B.

[0012] Step 3: Reinforcing phase mixing. Add titanium carbide, alkali-free glass fiber, calcium stearate, calamine, and silane coupling agent to slurry B and stir at high speed (800 - 1200 r / min) for 10 - 20 minutes to obtain mixture C.

[0013] Step 4: Microwave-assisted extrusion. Inject mixture C into a twin-screw extruder and perform melt extrusion under the synchronous action of microwave radiation (power 500 - 800 W, time 8 - 15 minutes). The extrusion temperature is controlled in sections as follows: zone 1: 190 - 220°C, zone 2: 230 - 250°C, zone 3: 250 - 270°C, zone 4: 200 - 230°C.

[0014] Step 5: Molding and curing. After the extruded material is molded by a mold, pre-cure at 80 - 100°C for 1 - 2 hours, then raise the temperature to 120 - 150°C for final curing for 3 - 5 hours, and finally cool naturally to demold.

[0015] Furthermore, the microwave treatment adopts an intermittent mode, with an intermittent period of 30 seconds every 2 minutes of treatment, and the total treatment time is 10 - 15 minutes. The moisture content of the extruded material is ≤3%.

[0016] Furthermore, the alkali-free glass fiber is pretreated, including soaking in a silane coupling agent solution with a mass fraction of 5% - 10% for 30 - 60 minutes and drying at 80 - 100°C until the moisture content is ≤2%.

[0017] Further, the ultrasonic treatment frequency is 20 - 40 kHz and the power is 300 - 500 W to promote uniform dispersion of the raw materials.

[0018] Further, the combustion performance of the board meets the GB 8624 Class A standard, with an oxygen index ≥ 38% and a thermal conductivity ≤ 0.12 W / (m·K), and a compressive strength ≥ 25 MPa

[0019] Further, the surface of the fireproof board is coated with a fireproof coating. The coating contains an inorganic coating prepared by the sol - gel method, with a coating thickness of 50 - 100 μm and an adhesion to the substrate ≥ 3 MPa.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material of the present invention exhibits excellent combustion performance, fully meeting the strict requirements of the GB 8624 Class A standard, ensuring its reliability and safety under extreme fire conditions. Its oxygen index is as high as 38% or above, which far exceeds that of ordinary materials, demonstrating its excellent flame - retardant characteristics. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the board is strictly controlled below 0.12 W / (m·K), effectively blocking the transfer of heat and providing excellent heat insulation protection for the building.

[0022] In terms of mechanical properties, the fireproof board of the present invention also performs excellently. Its compressive strength reaches or exceeds 25 MPa, and it can withstand large external forces without being easily damaged, thus ensuring the structural stability and safety of the building.

[0023] In addition, to further improve the fireproof performance and service life, the surface of the fireproof board of the present invention is also carefully coated with a fireproof coating. This coating is prepared by the advanced sol - gel method to form an inorganic coating. The coating thickness is accurately controlled between 50 and 100 microns. This coating not only enhances the fireproof performance of the board but also ensures a very high adhesion between it and the substrate, with an adhesion not less than 3 MPa, effectively preventing the coating from peeling off or detaching during long - term use and further extending the service life of the board.

[0024] In summary, the fireproof material of the present invention exhibits excellent performance in terms of combustion performance, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and the fireproof coating, providing a strong guarantee for the fire safety of buildings. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below.

[0026] A preparation method of a building decoration fireproof material, comprising raw materials in the following parts by weight: 35-50 parts of aluminum silicate, 20-35 parts of kaolin, 10-25 parts of alumina, 15-30 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-12 parts of polyaluminum siloxane, 5-10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 3-8 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 0.5-2 parts of titanium carbide, 1-5 parts of alkali-free glass fiber, 15-30 parts of calcium stearate, 20-35 parts of calamine, 0.1-1 part of silane coupling agent; wherein, the alkali-free glass fiber has a diameter of 8-12 μm and its surface is pretreated with a silane coupling agent; the titanium dioxide is rutile type and the particle size is ≤1 μm.

[0027] Further, it further comprises at least one of the following components: 1-2 parts of silicon nitride, the mass ratio with titanium carbide is 1:1-1:2, 10-20 parts of expanded perlite with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm, 2-5 parts of hollow microspheres (particle size 10-50 μm), for enhancing the heat insulation performance.

[0028] Further, the mass ratio of aluminum silicate to kaolin is 1:0.5-1.5, and the purity of alumina is ≥98%, and the polyaluminum siloxane is a copolymer of methylphenylsiloxane and epoxy modified siloxane, and its viscosity range is 500-2000 mPa·s.

[0029] Further, the mass ratio of calcium stearate to calamine is 1:1-1:1.5, and the zinc oxide content in calamine is ≥40%, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane.

[0030] Further, it comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment, ball-mill and mix aluminum silicate, kaolin, alumina, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum tripolyphosphate, and then pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixture A;

[0032] Step 2: Slurry preparation, disperse mixture A in 400-600 parts of deionized water, perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30 minutes to obtain suspension A; then add titanium dioxide and polyaluminum siloxane, and stir at 50-70 °C for 40-60 minutes to form homogeneous slurry B;

[0033] Step 3: Reinforcing phase mixing, add titanium carbide, alkali-free glass fiber, calcium stearate, calamine and silane coupling agent to slurry B, and stir at high speed (800-1200 r / min) for 10-20 minutes to obtain mixture C;

[0034] Step 4: Microwave-assisted extrusion. Inject mixture C into a twin-screw extruder and perform melt extrusion under the simultaneous action of microwave radiation (power 500 - 800 W, time 8 - 15 minutes). The extrusion temperature is controlled in sections as follows: zone 1: 190 - 220 °C, zone 2: 230 - 250 °C, zone 3: 250 - 270 °C, zone 4: 200 - 230 °C;

[0035] Step 5: Molding and curing. After the extruded material is molded by a mold, it is pre-cured at 80 - 100 °C for 1 - 2 hours, then heated to 120 - 150 °C for final curing for 3 - 5 hours, and finally cooled naturally to demold.

[0036] Furthermore, the microwave treatment adopts an intermittent mode, with an intermittent period of 30 seconds every 2 minutes of treatment, and the total treatment time is 10 - 15 minutes. The moisture content of the extruded material ≤ 3%.

[0037] Furthermore, the alkali-free glass fiber is pretreated, including soaking in a silane coupling agent solution with a mass fraction of 5% - 10% for 30 - 60 minutes, and drying at 80 - 100 °C until the moisture content ≤ 2%.

[0038] Furthermore, the ultrasonic treatment frequency is 20 - 40 kHz and the power is 300 - 500 W to promote uniform dispersion of the raw materials.

[0039] Furthermore, the combustion performance of the board meets the GB 8624 Class A standard, with an oxygen index ≥ 38%, a thermal conductivity ≤ 0.12 W / (m·K), and a compressive strength ≥ 25 MPa

[0040] Furthermore, the surface of the fireproof board is coated with a fireproof coating. The coating contains an inorganic coating prepared by the sol-gel method, the coating thickness is 50 - 100 μm, and the adhesion to the substrate ≥ 3 MPa.

[0041] Example 1: Basic formula and its preparation process

[0042] Raw material ratio (by weight): Aluminum silicate: 40 parts, Kaolin: 25 parts, Alumina: 15 parts

[0043] Titanium dioxide: 20 parts, Polyaluminum siloxane: 8 parts, Magnesium hydroxide: 7 parts, Aluminum tripolyphosphate: 5 parts, Titanium carbide: 1 part, Alkali-free glass fiber (diameter 10 μm, pretreated): 3 parts, Calcium stearate: 20 parts, Calamine (zinc oxide content 45%): 25 parts, Silane coupling agent (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane): 0.5 part

[0044] Preparation steps:

[0045] Raw material pretreatment: Ball-mill and mix aluminum silicate, kaolin, alumina, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum tripolyphosphate, and screen through a 200-mesh sieve.

[0046] Slurry Preparation: Disperse the above mixture in 500 parts of deionized water and perform ultrasonic treatment (frequency: 30 kHz, power: 400 W) for 25 minutes. Subsequently, add titanium dioxide and polyaluminosiloxane and stir at 60 °C for 50 minutes.

[0047] Reinforcing Phase Mixing: Add titanium carbide, pretreated alkali-free glass fiber, calcium stearate, calamine, and silane coupling agent to the slurry and stir at a high speed of 1000 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of all components.

[0048] Microwave-Assisted Extrusion: Feed the mixture into a twin-screw extruder and perform microwave treatment (power: 600 W, intermittent mode: 2 minutes of treatment / 30 seconds of interruption, total treatment time: 12 minutes). The temperature is controlled as follows: Zone 1: 200 °C, Zone 2: 240 °C, Zone 3: 260 °C, Zone 4: 220 °C.

[0049] Curing and Molding: After pre-curing (90 °C, 1.5 hours) and final curing (135 °C, 4 hours), perform cooling and demolding.

[0050] Performance Test Results:

[0051] Oxygen Index: 39%

[0052] Thermal Conductivity: 0.11 W / (m·K)

[0053] Compressive Strength: 28 MPa

[0054] Combustion Performance: Complies with GB 8624 Class A standard

[0055] Adhesion of Surface Inorganic Coating: 3.2 MPa

[0056] Example 2: Optimized Formula and Process Adjustment

[0057] Based on Example 1, add the following raw materials:

[0058] Silicon Nitride: 1.5 parts (mass ratio to titanium carbide is 1:1.2)

[0059] Expanded Perlite: 15 parts (particle size: 1 mm)

[0060] Process Adjustment:

[0061] In Step 3, extend the stirring time to 18 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of expanded perlite. Increase the microwave power to 700 W and shorten the total treatment time to 10 minutes.

[0062] Performance Test Results (improved compared to Example 1):

[0063] Oxygen Index: 41%

[0064] Thermal conductivity: 0.09 W / (m·K)

[0065] Compressive strength: 30 MPa

[0066] Flame spread index: ≤25

[0067] Smoke density grade: ≤75

[0068] Comparative example: Formulation and process without glass fiber and microwave treatment

[0069] Adjustment of raw material ratio:

[0070] Remove E-glass fiber.

[0071] Reduce the silane coupling agent to 0.2 parts.

[0072] Process adjustment:

[0073] Step 4 is changed to conventional extrusion (without microwave assistance), and the temperature is uniformly set at 230 °C.

[0074] Prolong the curing time to 2 hours for pre-curing and 5 hours for final curing.

[0075] Performance test results (significantly decreased compared with Example 1):

[0076] Oxygen index: 32%

[0077] Thermal conductivity: 0.18 W / (m·K)

[0078] Compressive strength: 18 MPa

[0079] Combustion performance: Only meets the GB 8624 B1 level standard

[0080] Coating adhesion: 1.5 MPa (the coating is easy to peel off)

[0081] Summarize the experimental data of Example 1, 2 and the comparative example, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0082] Comparison items Example 1 Example 1 Comparative example Oxygen index (%) 39 41 32 Thermal conductivity 0.11 0.09 0.18 Compressive strength (MPa) 28 30 18 Combustion rating Grade A Grade A Grade B1

[0083] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that through component optimization and process innovation, the present invention significantly improves the comprehensive performance of the fireproof material. Examples 1-2 meet the requirements of high strength, light weight and Class A fire protection. The comparative example verifies the necessity of glass fiber and microwave process.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-50 parts of aluminum silicate, 20-35 parts of kaolin, 10-25 parts of aluminum oxide, 15-30 parts of titanium dioxide, 6-12 parts of polyaluminosiloxane, 5-10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 3-8 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 0.5-2 parts of titanium carbide, 1-5 parts of alkali-free glass fiber, 15-30 parts of calcium stearate, 20-35 parts of calamine and 0.1-1 parts of silane coupling agent; wherein the diameter of the alkali-free glass fiber is 8-12 μm, and the surface is pretreated with a silane coupling agent; the titanium dioxide is rutile type, and the particle size is ≤1 μm.

2. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes at least one of the following components: 1-2 parts of silicon nitride, with a mass ratio of 1:1-1:2 to titanium carbide, 10-20 parts of expanded perlite with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm, and 2-5 parts of hollow microspheres (particle size 10-50 μm) to enhance thermal insulation performance.

3. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate to kaolin is 1:0.5-1.5, and the purity of aluminum oxide is ≥98%, and the polyaluminosiloxane is a copolymer of methylphenylsiloxane and epoxy-modified siloxane, and its viscosity ranges from 500-2000mPa·s.

4. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mass ratio of calcium stearate to calamine is 1:1-1:1.5, the zinc oxide content in calamine is ≥40%, and the silane coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or vinyltrimethoxysilane.

5. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Pretreatment of raw materials: aluminum silicate, kaolin, aluminum oxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum tripolyphosphate are ball-milled and mixed, and then passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A; Step 2: Slurry preparation: Disperse mixture A in 400-600 parts of deionized water, and perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30 minutes to obtain suspension A; then add titanium dioxide and polyaluminosiloxane, and stir at 50-70° C. for 40-60 minutes to form homogeneous slurry B; Step 3: Reinforced phase mixing: titanium carbide, alkali-free glass fiber, calcium stearate, calamine and silane coupling agent are added to slurry B, and stirred at high speed (800-1200 r / min) for 10-20 minutes to obtain mixture C; Step 4: Microwave-assisted extrusion, injecting the mixture C into a twin-screw extruder, and melt-extruded under the synchronous action of microwave radiation (power 500-800 W, time 8-15 minutes), and the extrusion temperature is controlled in sections: zone 1 190-220°C, zone 2 230-250°C, zone 3 250-270°C, zone 4 200-230°C; Step 5: Molding and curing. After the extruded material is pressed into shape by the mold, it is pre-cured at 80-100℃ for 1-2 hours, then heated to 120-150℃ for final curing for 3-5 hours, and finally naturally cooled and demolded.

6. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microwave treatment adopts an intermittent mode, with a treatment time of 2 minutes and a rest time of 30 seconds, and a total treatment time of 10-15 minutes. The moisture content of the extrudate is ≤3%.

7. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The alkali-free glass fiber is pretreated, including soaking in a silane coupling agent solution with a mass fraction of 5%-10% for 30-60 minutes, and drying at 80-100° C. to a moisture content of ≤2%.

8. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultrasonic treatment frequency is 20-40kHz and the power is 300-500W to promote uniform dispersion of the raw materials.

9. A method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The combustion performance of the board meets the GB 8624A standard, the oxygen index is ≥38%, the thermal conductivity is ≤0.12W / (m·K), and the compressive strength is ≥25MPa.

10. The method for preparing a fireproof material for building decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the fireproof board is coated with a fireproof coating, which comprises an inorganic coating prepared by a sol-gel method, has a coating thickness of 50-100 μm, and has an adhesion to the substrate of ≥3 MPa.