Low-carbon sound screen composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

According to the low-carbon sound screen composite material and the preparation method and application thereof, the composite material is applied to manufacturing of a granular rock plate, mineral wool particles are added in the preparation process of the granular rock plate, the advantages of good sound absorption performance and the like of the mineral wool particles are utilized, meanwhile, the characteristic that the granular mineral wool is easier to disperse uniformly is utilized, and the sound screen performance is improved. The noise reduction effect of the granular rock plate is further improved; meanwhile, the silane coupling agent is added into the raw materials, epoxy groups, amino groups, methacryloyl groups and the like in the silane coupling agent and the surface of a silicon-based material of natural rock particles form a certain cross-linked structure, the strength of the particle rock plate is improved, and the stability under the extreme weather condition is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound barriers, and specifically relates to a low-carbon sound barrier composite material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Technical Background

[0002] With the development of modern society, the problem of noise pollution has become increasingly serious. As an important noise reduction measure, sound barriers are widely used in various fields such as transportation, industry, and construction. However, the common sound barriers currently available have many defects. Traditional metal sound barriers have certain strength, but their sound insulation effect is limited and they are prone to corrosion; some plastic sound barriers are convenient to process, but their durability and fire resistance are poor. At the same time, the overall structural design of existing sound barriers may have deficiencies, affecting their sound insulation and stability, and it is also difficult to meet diverse requirements in terms of aesthetics and environmental protection at the same time.

[0003] As a new type of material, granular rock slab has advantages such as high density, high strength, and good durability, but it also has some disadvantages. Granular rock slabs are usually heavier than other materials (such as plastics or lightweight metals), which may lead to increased construction and transportation costs. Granular rock slabs may crack when subjected to impact or pressure, reducing their service life and may require regular replacement or maintenance. Although granular rock slabs have certain sound insulation performance, in some frequency ranges, their effect may be inferior to other specially designed sound barrier materials (such as composite materials or special foams). Granular rock slabs may be affected under extreme weather conditions (such as high temperature, low temperature, strong wind, etc.), resulting in performance degradation. Therefore, developing a granular rock slab sound barrier with better comprehensive performance for noise reduction is the key focus direction in the industry currently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a low-carbon sound barrier composite material, which includes natural rock particles, inorganic binder, inorganic sound-absorbing material, waterproofing agent, plasticizer, reinforcing agent, and an appropriate amount of modifier. In the low-carbon sound barrier composite material, by weight, the content of rock particles is 150 - 350 parts by weight, the content of inorganic sound-absorbing material is 10 - 100 parts by weight, the content of inorganic binder is 7 - 20 parts by weight, the content of waterproofing agent is 1 - 3 parts by weight, the content of plasticizer is 1 - 3 parts by weight, the content of reinforcing agent is 1 - 3 parts by weight, and the content of modifier is 1 - 3 parts by weight.

[0005] Further, the inorganic binder is one or a mixture of cement and sodium silicate.

[0006] Further, the inorganic sound-absorbing material is slag wool particles.

[0007] Further, the reinforcing agent is one or several of glass fiber and polyester fiber.

[0008] Furthermore, the modifier is a silane coupling agent.

[0009] Furthermore, the silane coupling agent is one or more of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-allyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane.

[0010] The present invention also provides a noise reduction barrier screen, which is characterized by a screen body main body composed of multiple layers of granular rock plates. The granular rock plates of each layer are bonded through a special binder. A metal frame is provided around the screen body main body, and the granular rock plates are made of the above composite material.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the noise reduction barrier screen also includes one or more surface treatment layers such as a fluorocarbon paint coating and a ceramic coating. This can achieve diverse color and texture selections for the noise barrier screen, enabling it to be customized according to different application scenarios (such as the surrounding environments of highways, railways, urban rail transit, etc.), highly integrating with the surrounding landscape, and enhancing the overall aesthetic degree of the environment.

[0012] This application also discloses a preparation method of granular rock plates, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] S1, raw material preparation: Weigh natural rock particles, inorganic binder, inorganic sound absorption material, waterproof agent, plasticizer, reinforcing agent, and modifier according to a certain proportion;

[0014] S2, mixing and stirring: Put the weighed raw materials into a mixer for sufficient mixing and stirring. The stirring time can be set to 10 - 20 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of the raw materials and form a mixture with a certain plasticity;

[0015] S3, molding and pressing: Pour the mixed mixture into a mold and perform high-temperature and high-pressure molding and pressing through equipment such as a hydraulic press;

[0016] S4, curing and solidifying: Take out the pressed granular rock plates from the mold and place them in a curing chamber for curing and solidifying.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the pressing temperature is set at 150 - 250 °C, and the pressure is 10 - 30 MPa; in step S4, the curing temperature is maintained at 20 - 30 °C, the humidity is 60 - 80%, and the curing time is 7 - 14 days.

[0018] The present invention also provides an application of the above noise reduction barrier screen. The noise reduction barrier screen can be applied in municipal buildings, highways, railways, hotels, airports, and tunnels for noise reduction.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The main raw material of the granular rock slab is natural rock particles, which are widely sourced and environmentally friendly. During the preparation and use processes, compared with some traditional sound barrier materials containing harmful substances (such as some plastic materials that may release harmful gases, etc.), the sound barrier based on the granular rock slab has less impact on the environment, meeting the requirements of modern society for environmentally friendly products;

[0021] (2) During the preparation of the granular rock slab, slag wool particles are added. The slag wool particles mainly use industrial slag (such as blast furnace slag, copper slag, etc.) as raw materials, with low cost and low carbon environmental protection. Its sound absorption principle is similar to that of slag wool fibers. When sound waves propagate in the slag wool particle accumulation, the sound energy will be lost due to the interaction with the internal fibers and pores of the particles. At the same time, the granular slag wool is easier to disperse evenly and can be evenly distributed in the rock slab, further enhancing the noise reduction effect of the granular rock slab;

[0022] (3) During the preparation of the granular rock slab, a silane coupling agent is added. The epoxy group, amino group, methacryloyl group, etc. in the silane coupling agent form a network cross-linked structure with the silicon-based materials on the surface of the natural rock particles and the silicon-based materials in the cement binder, enhancing the strength of the granular rock slab and improving the stability under extreme weather conditions;

[0023] (4) The outer surface of the sound barrier can achieve diverse color and texture selections through different surface treatment methods (such as fluorocarbon paint coating, ceramic coating, etc.), enabling it to be customized according to different application scenarios (such as the surrounding environments of highways, railways, urban rail transit, etc.), highly integrating with the surrounding landscapes, and enhancing the overall aesthetic degree of the environment. Specific embodiments

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound barrier based on a granular rock slab added with a sound absorption material. By optimizing the structural design of the sound barrier and making full use of the characteristics of the granular rock slab and the sound absorption material, it has excellent sound insulation performance, good structural stability, high aesthetic property, and environmental protection characteristics. At the same time, a preparation method of the sound barrier and its application methods in different noise environments are provided to meet the social demand for high-efficiency noise reduction and high-quality sound barrier products.

[0026] The main body of the sound barrier screen is composed of multiple layers of granular rock slabs, and the layers of granular rock slabs are bonded by a special adhesive. The granular rock slab is made of natural rock particles, inorganic binder, inorganic sound-absorbing material, waterproofing agent, plasticizer, strengthening agent and an appropriate amount of modifier through a specific process. Its particle size is distributed within a certain range (for example, 0.5mm - 5mm) to ensure good filling effect and physical properties. The inorganic binder is a mixture of cement and sodium silicate with a mass ratio of 3:1. This ratio of binder has the highest bonding strength, and the strength of the prepared slab is also relatively good;

[0027] Mineral wool is an inorganic fiber material mainly made from industrial slag (such as blast furnace slag, copper slag, etc.). After being melted at high temperature, it is made into a granular form through centrifugation or spraying. The mineral wool particles retain some properties of mineral wool, such as fibrous structure (although in granular form but still having fiber components inside), high porosity, good heat insulation performance, etc., and the particle size can be adjusted according to needs. Mineral wool particles have good sound absorption effect in the medium and high frequency bands. Its sound absorption principle is similar to that of mineral wool fibers. When sound waves propagate in the mineral wool particle accumulation, the sound energy will be lost due to the interaction with the internal fibers and pores of the particles, enhancing the sound absorption ability of the sound barrier screen in the medium and high frequency bands.

[0028] Glass fiber has a very high tensile strength and can withstand large loads. Compared with metal materials, glass fiber has a lower density, which can reduce the weight of the overall structure. Glass fiber has good tolerance to chemical substances and environmental factors (such as water, acid, alkali, etc.) and is not easily corroded. Glass fiber can maintain its physical properties at relatively high temperatures and is suitable for high-temperature environments. Glass fiber can be formed through various processes (such as pultrusion, molding, etc.) to meet different design requirements. Glass fiber materials are not easily broken when impacted and have good toughness. Therefore, adding glass fiber to the granular rock slab can significantly improve the stability and strength of the granular rock slab.

[0029] Rock slab particles are usually composed of various natural mineral materials. The following are some common components: Quartz: A common mineral with good wear resistance and chemical stability; Feldspar: Including albite, potassium feldspar, calcium feldspar, etc., which are commonly used to improve the strength and heat resistance of the rock slab; Mica: Having a good layered structure, which can increase the toughness and heat resistance of the rock slab; Calcium carbonate: Such as calcite or limestone, which is commonly used to improve the gloss and texture of the rock slab; Clay minerals: Such as kaolin, which can increase the plasticity and processability of the rock slab; Other minerals: Such as talc, garnet, etc. These mineral materials all contain silicon. During the preparation of the granular rock slab, adding a silane coupling agent, the epoxy group, amino group, methacryloyl group, etc. in the silane coupling agent form a certain cross-linking structure with the silicon-based material surface of the natural rock particles, improving the strength of the granular rock slab and the stability under extreme weather conditions.

[0030] To ensure the overall strength and stability of the sound barrier screen, a metal frame is provided around the main body of the screen. The metal frame can be made of materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, which have good strength and corrosion resistance.

[0031] The surface of the noise-reducing sound barrier screen also includes one or more surface treatment layers such as fluorocarbon paint coating and ceramic coating. This can achieve diverse color and texture selections for the sound barrier screen, enabling it to be customized according to different application scenarios (such as the surrounding environments of highways, railways, urban rail transit, etc.), highly integrating with the surrounding landscape, and enhancing the overall aesthetic degree of the environment.

[0032] To further verify the technical effects of the present invention, the technical effects of the present invention are demonstrated through the following embodiments:

[0033] Example 1

[0034] (1), Select granite as the raw material of natural rock particles, crush it and obtain particles with a particle size between 0.5 mm and 5 mm through screening. Weigh 200 kg of granite particles, and then weigh the inorganic binder according to the ratio of cement: sodium silicate = 3:1, where the cement is 9 kg and the sodium silicate is 3 kg. Weigh 2 kg of waterproof agent and 2 kg of plasticizer as additives, 50 kg of slag wool particles, 2 kg of glass fiber, and 2 kg of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0035] Mixing and stirring example:

[0036] Put the weighed granite particles, cement, sodium silicate, slag wool particles, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, glass fiber, waterproof agent, and plasticizer into a mixer, set the stirring time to 15 minutes, and conduct sufficient mixing and stirring until a mixture with a certain plasticity is formed.

[0037] Molding and pressing example:

[0038] Pour the mixed mixture into a mold, and the mold size is set to 1.5 m in length, 0.8 m in width, and 3 cm in thickness. Perform high-temperature and high-pressure molding and pressing through a hydraulic press, set the pressing temperature to 200 °C, and the pressure to 20 MPa to form a granular rock slab that meets the dimensional requirements.

[0039] Curing and solidifying example:

[0040] Take out the pressed granular rock slab from the mold, place it in a curing chamber, keep the curing temperature at 25 °C, the humidity at 70%, and the curing time at 10 days to ensure that the performance of the granular rock slab reaches the best state.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Compared with Example 1, slag wool particles are not added to the raw materials, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Compared with Example 1, silane coupling agent is not added to the raw materials, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Compared with Example 1, the slag wool added to the raw materials is not granulated, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0047] According to the detection standards: "JT / T646.4-2016, Highway Sound Barrier Part 4: Technical Requirements and Testing Methods for Acoustic Materials", "GB / T 17657-2013, Physical and Chemical Property Tests of Building Materials", the impact resistance test, sound insulation quantity and noise reduction coefficient are measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Flexural strength NRC RW Example 1 45MPa 0.89 56db Example 2 43MPa 0.80 46db Example 3 35MPa 0.89 55db Example 4 44MPa 0.83 50db

[0049] It can be found from Example 1 and Example 2 that the granular rock slab with slag wool particles added has stronger sound insulation effect. By comparing Example 1 and Example 3, it can be found that after adding silane coupling agent, the strength of the granular rock slab is significantly enhanced. This is because the main material in the rock slab contains silicon, and at the same time, the cement in the binder also contains silicon-based materials. After adding silane coupling agent, the epoxy groups, amino groups, methacryloyl groups, etc. in the silane coupling agent form a network cross-linked structure with the silicon-based materials of natural rock particles and the silicon-based materials in the cement binder, improving the strength of the granular rock slab. It can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 4 that after granulating the slag wool, the granular slag wool is easier to disperse evenly. For the finally pressed rock slab, the slag wool particles can be evenly distributed in the rock slab, making the absorption of sound waves more uniform and further improving the noise reduction effect of the granular rock slab.

[0050] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon sound barrier composite material, characterized in that: The low-carbon sound shield composite material comprises natural rock particles, inorganic binder, inorganic sound absorbing material, waterproofing agent, plasticizer, reinforcing agent and appropriate modifier. The low-carbon sound shield composite material comprises 150 to 350 parts by weight of rock particles, 160 to 300 parts by weight of inorganic sound absorbing material, 7 to 20 parts by weight of inorganic binder, 1 to 3 parts by weight of waterproofing agent, 1 to 3 parts by weight of plasticizer, 1 to 3 parts by weight of reinforcing agent and 1 to 3 parts by weight of modifier.

2. The low-carbon sound barrier composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic binder is one or a mixture of cement and sodium silicate.

3. The low-carbon sound barrier composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic sound absorbing material is slag wool particles.

4. The low-carbon sound barrier composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing agent is one or more of glass fiber and polyester fiber; the modifier is a silane coupling agent.

5. The low-carbon sound barrier composite material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The silane coupling agent is one or more of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-epoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-allyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane.

6. A noise reduction barrier, characterized in that: A screen body is composed of multiple layers of granular rock panels, each layer of the granular rock panels is bonded by a special adhesive, and a metal frame is arranged around the screen body, wherein the granular rock panels are made of the composite material according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. The noise reduction barrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the noise reduction barrier also includes one of fluorocarbon paint coating and ceramic coating or a surface treatment layer.

8. A method for preparing the granular rock board as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, raw material preparation: weigh natural rock particles, inorganic binder, inorganic sound absorbing material, waterproofing agent, plasticizer, reinforcing agent and modifier according to a certain proportion; S2, mixing and stirring: put the weighed raw materials into a mixer and mix them thoroughly. The mixing time can be set to 10-20 minutes to ensure that the raw materials are evenly mixed to form a mixture with a certain plasticity; S3, molding and pressing: pouring the mixed material into a mold, and performing high-temperature and high-pressure molding and pressing by a hydraulic press or other equipment; S4, curing and solidification: take the pressed granular rock board out of the mold and place it in a curing room for curing and solidification.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the pressing temperature is set at 150-250° C. and the pressure is 10-30 MPa; in step S4, the curing temperature is maintained at 20-30° C., the humidity is 60-80%, and the curing time is 7-14 days.

10. An application of the noise reduction barrier as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The noise reduction barrier can be used in municipal buildings, roads, railways, hotels, airports, and tunnels for noise reduction.