Powdery biomass chlorate explosive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chlorate explosives, and discloses a powdery biomass chlorate explosive and a preparation method thereof, the powdery biomass chlorate explosive specifically comprises the following raw materials by mass: 100-120 parts of biomass powder, 100-200 parts of chlorate, 50-100 parts of white sugar, 10-30 parts of alkali, 3-5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2-4 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 5-6 parts of organosilicon, 10-12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 400-500 parts of water. The surface of the explosive matrix is coated with the modified carbon fiber, the modified bamboo charcoal powder, the organic silicon and the pentaerythritol acrolein resin, so that a compact structure is formed among the explosive matrixes, and the explosive power of the explosive is enhanced; the lamellar structure of the composite layered material on the surface of the modified carbon fiber can absorb external stress, and the situation that the explosive power of the explosive is reduced due to jolt and vibration in the transportation process and vibration impact in the launching process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chlorate explosives, and specifically to a powdery biomass chlorate explosive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Industrial explosives, also known as civil explosives, are substances that take oxidants and combustibles as the main body and explode by their own energy under the action of a certain external energy. When explosives explode, they will release a large amount of heat energy and generate high-temperature and high-pressure gases, which play a role in destroying, throwing, compressing, etc. on the surrounding substances, and are widely used in various aspects such as coal mining and metallurgy, petroleum geology, transportation, hydropower, forestry construction, metal processing, mine exploitation, and controlled blasting.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used blasting methods include explosive blasting and gas blasting. Among them, explosive blasting is the most commonly used method, which is suitable for large-scale blasting projects, and different types of explosives can be selected to achieve specific blasting effects; while gas blasting is a method that uses high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide injection and instantaneously releases the generated air pressure to achieve the blasting effect. Its blasting efficiency is not as good as that of explosives, it is inconvenient to implement, and the cost is relatively high. Commonly used explosives for explosive blasting include ammonium nitrate explosive, ammonium oil explosive, and emulsion explosive. Since ammonium nitrate explosive will produce many harmful substances, it has been discontinued. Currently, the most commonly used explosives have poor compressive performance and mechanical strength, are easily affected by bumps and vibrations during transportation and vibration impacts during launching, resulting in a reduction in the explosion power of the explosives, and the explosives are easily hygroscopic and caking, with poor stability, affecting the explosion performance of the explosives. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a powdery biomass chlorate explosive and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem that the explosive is easily affected by vibration impacts during launching, resulting in a reduction in the explosion power of the explosive.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 - 120 parts of biomass powder, 100 - 200 parts of chlorate, 50 - 100 parts of white sugar, 10 - 30 parts of alkali, 3 - 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2 - 4 parts of modified bamboo carbon powder, 5 - 6 parts of silicone, 10 - 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 400 - 500 parts of water; The modified carbon fiber is prepared by mixing graphene oxide, amino titanium boride nanopowder, and hexagonal boron nitride flakes modified with polydopamine, and then depositing them on the surface of carbon fiber; The modified bamboo carbon powder is obtained by mixing and reacting ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution, sodium borohydride solution, and bamboo carbon powder, and then mixing and reacting with stearic acid.

[0006] A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add chlorate, white sugar, and alkali to 2 / 3 portion of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the biomass powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 500 - 600 r / min for 30 - 40 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 20 - 30 min, take it out, dry at 50 - 60 °C for 20 - 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, organosilicon, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 portion of water, and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 40 - 50 °C for 20 - 30 min, take it out, and dry to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0007] Further, the biomass powder is selected from any one of wood powder, straw powder, and coarse bran; Further, the particle size of the biomass powder is 10 - 200 mesh.

[0008] Further, the chlorate is selected from sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate.

[0009] Further, the alkali is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

[0010] Further, the organosilicon is trimethoxysilane.

[0011] Further, the modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add titanium boride nanometer powder to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add aminosilane, stir and react at 60 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h, add graphene oxide, raise the temperature to 80 - 90 °C, stir and react at 300 - 400 r / min for 4 - 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash, and dry to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder; A2. Add hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets to Tris - HCl buffer solution, stir evenly, add dopamine, stir and react for 3 - 5 h, filter, wash, and dry to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine; A3. Add the graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder to deionized water, stir evenly, add the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat at 40 - 60 KHz for 20 - 30 min, let it stand for 20 - 30 min, filter, wash, and dry to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add carbon fiber to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add the composite layered material and aminosilane, stir and mix at 60 - 70 °C for 20 - 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash, and dry to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, during the above A1 reaction process, the silanol groups generated by the hydrolysis of aminosilane can chemically bond with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the titanium boride nanopowder, enabling the grafting of aminosilane onto the surface of the titanium boride nanopowder and endowing the titanium boride nanopowder with the reactive functional group amino; The amino groups contained on the surface of the aminated titanium boride nanopowder can chemically bond with the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in graphene oxide, causing the aminated titanium boride nanopowder to deposit on the surface of graphene oxide, and obtaining graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder.

[0013] Furthermore, during the above A2 reaction process, in the Tris-HCl buffer solution, dopamine can self-polymerize on the surface of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets to form polydopamine, forming polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, which endows the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with excellent adhesion properties and is conducive to adhesion on the surface of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder.

[0014] Furthermore, during the above A3 reaction process, the surface of the polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets contains a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups and has excellent adhesion properties, and can adhere to the surface of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder to obtain a composite layered material.

[0015] Furthermore, during the above A4 reaction process, the silanol groups generated by the hydrolysis of aminosilane can chemically bond with the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of carbon fiber, and the amino groups of aminosilane can combine with the phenolic hydroxyl groups of polydopamine on the surface of the composite layered material, causing the composite layered material to deposit on the surface of carbon fiber and obtaining modified carbon fiber.

[0016] Furthermore, in step A1, the dosage ratio of the titanium boride nanopowder, ethanol, deionized water, aminosilane, and graphene oxide is (1-2) g : (25-35) mL : (8-12) mL : (0.3-0.7) g : (1-3) g.

[0017] Furthermore, in step A2, the dosage ratio of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, Tris-HCl buffer solution, and dopamine is (3-4) g : (40-50) mL : (0.2-0.4) g.

[0018] Furthermore, in step A3, the dosage ratio of the graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder, deionized water, and polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets is (2.2-2.4) g : (90-110) mL : (1.6-2) g.

[0019] Furthermore, in step A4, the dosage ratio of the carbon fiber, ethanol, deionized water, composite layered material, and aminosilane is (1-3) g : (25-35) mL : (8-12) mL : (0.6-1) g : (0.2-0.4) g.

[0020] Furthermore, the particle size of graphene oxide is 3 - 5 μm.

[0021] Furthermore, the particle size of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets is 0.5 - 1 μm.

[0022] Furthermore, the diameter of carbon fiber is 30 - 50 nm and the length is 10 - 15 μm.

[0023] Furthermore, the amino silane is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0024] Furthermore, the modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize bamboo charcoal at 700 - 800 °C for 2 - 4 h, then cool to room temperature, place it in a pulverizer to crush it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder; B2. Mix an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride and a solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, stir evenly, add the bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 20 - 30 min, introduce nitrogen, stir and react for 20 - 30 min, then filter, wash, and dry to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron; B3. Add stearic acid to ethanol, stir evenly, add the bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron, keep the temperature at 20 - 30 °C, stir and react at 750 - 850 r / min for 1 - 2 h, then filter and dry to obtain the modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0025] Furthermore, during the above B1 reaction process, after the bamboo charcoal is pyrolyzed at high temperature, the organic matter in the bamboo charcoal decomposes, exposing a porous structure with a large specific surface area, showing strong adsorption ability and improving the stability of each component in the system.

[0026] Furthermore, during the above B2 reaction process, the porous structure of the bamboo charcoal powder has excellent adsorption performance and can adsorb ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and sodium borohydride into the porous structure of the bamboo charcoal powder. As the reaction proceeds, nano iron powder is synthesized in-situ in the porous structure of the bamboo charcoal powder to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron powder.

[0027] Furthermore, during the above B3 reaction process, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron powder can chemically bond with the carboxyl groups of stearic acid, enabling stearic acid to graft onto the surface of the bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron powder, endowing it with hydrophobic properties to obtain the modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0028] Furthermore, in step B1, the aperture of the sieve is 200 - 300 mesh.

[0029] Furthermore, in step B2, the dosage ratio of the aqueous solution of sodium borohydride, the solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and the bamboo charcoal powder is (45 - 55) mL : (90 - 110) mL : (8 - 12) g.

[0030] Further, in step B3, the dosage ratio of stearic acid, ethanol and bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron is (0.4 - 0.6) g : (90 - 110) mL : (2 - 3) g.

[0031] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In the technical solution of the present invention, amino silane is grafted on the surface of titanium boride nano powder, endowing the titanium boride nano powder with a reactive functional group amino, which is beneficial to the deposition of titanium boride nano powder on the surface of graphene oxide; depositing the amino-functionalized titanium boride nano powder on the surface of graphene oxide, on the one hand, graphene oxide serves as a carrier for the titanium boride nano powder, avoiding the agglomeration of the titanium boride nano powder in the explosive and affecting the explosion power of the explosive. On the other hand, boron and titanium in the titanium boride nano powder, as a high-energy fuel, have a high combustion calorific value, significantly improving the energy of the explosive system, thereby enhancing the explosion power of the explosive. Moreover, by utilizing the surface nano effect of the titanium boride nano powder, it has a high chemical reaction activity, improving the combustion stability, persistence and work capacity of the explosive, and significantly improving the work capacity of the explosive and improving the combustion performance of the explosive.

[0032] (2) In the technical solution of the present invention, polydopamine is self-polymerized on the surface of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, making the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets have excellent adhesion performance, which is beneficial to adhere to the graphene oxide surface loaded with titanium boride nano powder; the polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets have excellent adhesion performance and can adhere to the graphene oxide surface loaded with titanium boride nano powder to obtain a composite layered material. On the one hand, the polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and the graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano powder form a composite layered material, and the titanium boride nano powder is in the interlayer, further enhancing the dispersion of the titanium boride nano powder in the explosive. On the other hand, the lamellar structure of the composite layered material can absorb external stress and has high mechanical strength, avoiding the reduction of the explosion power of the explosive caused by the bumping and vibration during transportation and the vibration impact during launching. In addition, the titanium boride nano powder forms a heat conduction layer in the interlayer, and the composite layered material has a large interlayer gap, which is beneficial to the absorption and transfer of heat. The absorbed mechanical energy and heat energy are transferred to the surrounding explosive, improving the explosion power.

[0033] (3) In the technical solution of the present invention, the composite layered material is deposited on the surface of carbon fiber, and the composite layered material adheres to the surface of carbon fiber to form a concavo-convex structure, increasing the surface roughness of carbon fiber, increasing the contact area between carbon fiber and explosive matrix, enhancing the bonding force between the modified carbon fiber and the explosive. Moreover, carbon fiber has an excellent aspect ratio and can form a randomly distributed carbon fiber network around the explosive matrix, having high mechanical strength to avoid the jolting, vibration and impact during the transportation of explosives, and the friction and impact between particles, which may affect the explosion power of the explosive. In addition, when the composite layered material adheres to the surface of carbon fiber, it can effectively avoid the damage of carbon fiber to varying degrees caused by stirring when traditional explosives enhance the mechanical properties by adding carbon fiber, thus seriously affecting the strength and brittleness of the prepared explosive.

[0034] (4) In the technical solution of the present invention, nano iron powder is in-situ synthesized in the porous structure of bamboo charcoal powder. On the one hand, bamboo charcoal powder has a large specific surface area and a porous structure, with strong adsorption ability. After being added to the explosive formulation, it forms hot spots, significantly improving the sensitivity of the explosive and enhancing the explosion power of the explosive. On the other hand, bamboo charcoal powder serves as a carrier to avoid the agglomeration of nano iron powder. Moreover, nano iron has excellent thermal conductivity and a relatively high combustion calorific value, significantly increasing the energy of the explosive system and thus enhancing the explosion power of the explosive. In addition, nano iron powder serves as the supporting framework of bamboo charcoal powder, increasing the mechanical strength of bamboo charcoal powder and avoiding the easy fragmentation of the porous structure of bamboo charcoal powder, which may affect the explosion effect. Stearic acid is grafted on the surface of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron powder, endowing it with hydrophobic properties and avoiding the easy moisture absorption of the porous structure of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron powder, which may cause the explosive to agglomerate easily and have poor stability, affecting the explosion performance of the explosive.

[0035] (5) In the technical solution of the present invention, modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, silicone, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and explosive matrix are mixed. The silicon hydroxyl groups of silicone can combine with the hydroxyl groups and ester groups in pentaerythritol acrolein resin through chemical bonds, and then form a cross-linked network structure on the surface of the explosive matrix. Moreover, modified carbon fiber and modified bamboo charcoal powder are embedded in the cross-linked network structure, realizing the coating of modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, silicone and pentaerythritol acrolein resin on the surface of the explosive matrix. The cross-linked network structure formed by silicone and pentaerythritol acrolein resin is conducive to the formation of a dense structure between explosive matrices, enhancing the explosion power of the explosive. In addition, silicone has excellent hydrophobic properties, avoiding the easy moisture absorption and caking of the explosive, which may lead to poor stability and affect the explosion performance of the explosive. Moreover, modified carbon fiber and modified bamboo charcoal powder are embedded in the cross-linked network structure, increasing the cross-linking density and enhancing the mechanical strength of the explosive.

[0036] (6) In the technical solution of the present invention, the powdered biomass chlorate explosive prepared by mixing biomass powder as raw material with chlorate, sugar and alkali has the characteristics of small blasting vibration, small blasting sound, large blasting power, no harmful gas generation, no pollution to the environment, solving the problem of effective utilization of biomass and generating great economic and social benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are as follows, and all reagents used are of analytical grade.

[0039] The biomass powder is wood powder with a particle size of 100 mesh, Lingshou County Bohan Mineral Products Co., Ltd.

[0040] The chlorate is sodium chlorate.

[0041] The base is sodium hydroxide.

[0042] The silicone is trimethoxysilane.

[0043] The particle size of graphene oxide is 4 μm.

[0044] Pentaerythritol acrolein resin, hydroxyl number 8, Liming Chemical Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd.

[0045] Hexagonal nano boron nitride flakes, particle size 0.8μm, Hangzhou Jiupeng New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0046] The carbon fiber has a diameter of 40 nm and a length of 13 μm.

[0047] The aminosilane was gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0048] Bamboo charcoal, Hebei Hengxun Mineral Products Processing Co., Ltd.

[0049] Nano boron powder product number PT-B-500nm, Shanghai Pantian Powder Material Co., Ltd.

[0050] The particle size of titanium powder is 44μm and the purity is 99.5%, Qinghe County Super Resistant Metal Materials Co., Ltd.

[0051] Titanium boron nanopowder is specifically prepared by the following steps: Mix 2 g of nano boron powder and 4 g of titanium powder, use a high-energy nano mill, adopt wet ball milling, add them into a stainless-steel grinding jar. The volume ratio of the stainless-steel grinding jar to the tungsten carbide alloy grinding balls is 10:1. Add 3 g of n-hexane as a protective liquid, ball mill at a rate of 300 r / min for 2 h, then take out the grinding product to obtain titanium boride nano powder.

[0052] Example 1 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of wood powder, 100 parts of sodium chlorate, 50 parts of white sugar, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide, 3 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2 parts of modified bamboo carbon powder, 5 parts of trimethoxysilane, 10 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 400 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 500 r / min for 30 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 20 min, take out, and dry at 50 °C for 20 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo carbon powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 40 °C for 20 min, take out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0053] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 1 g of titanium boride nano powder to 25 mL of ethanol and 8 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.3 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 60 °C for 1 h, add 1 g of graphene oxide, heat up to 80 °C, stir and react at 300 r / min for 4 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano powder; A2. Add 3 g of hexagonal nano boron nitride flakes to 40 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.2 g of dopamine, stir and react for 3 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain poly-dopamine modified hexagonal nano boron nitride flakes; A3. Add 2.2 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanoparticles to 90 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1.6 g of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat for 20 min at 40 KHz, let stand for 20 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add 1 g of carbon fiber to 25 mL of ethanol and 8 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.6 g of the composite layered material and 0.2 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 60 °C for 20 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0054] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. High-temperature carbonize bamboo charcoal at 700 °C for 2 h, then cool to room temperature, place it in a pulverizer to pulverize, and sieve to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a screen aperture of 200 mesh; B2. Mix 45 mL of an aqueous sodium borohydride solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 100 mL of an aqueous ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 8 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 20 min, introduce nitrogen to deoxygenate, stir and react for about 20 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nanoiron; B3. Add 0.4 g of stearic acid to 90 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 2 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nanoiron, keep the temperature at 20 °C, stir and react at 750 r / min for 1 h, filter, and dry in an oven at 40 °C for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0055] Example 2 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 110 parts of wood powder, 150 parts of sodium chlorate, 80 parts of white sugar, 20 parts of sodium hydroxide, 4 parts of modified carbon fiber, 3 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 5.5 parts of trimethoxysilane, 11 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 450 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 550 r / min for 35 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 25 min, take out, and dry at 55 °C for 25 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 45°C for 25 min, take out, and dry at 60°C for 30 min to obtain the powdery biomass chlorate explosive; The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 1.5 g of titanium boride nanometer powder to 30 mL of ethanol and 10 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.5 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 70°C for 1.5 h, add 2 g of graphene oxide, raise the temperature to 85°C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder; A2. Add 3.5 g of hexagonal nanometer boron nitride sheets to 45 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.3 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10 min to obtain hexagonal nanometer boron nitride sheets modified with polydopamine; A3. Add 2.3 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder to 100 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1.8 g of hexagonal nanometer boron nitride sheets modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat at 50 KHz for 25 min, let stand for 25 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10 min to obtain the composite layered material; A4. Add 1.5 g of carbon fiber to 30 mL of ethanol and 10 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.8 g of the composite layered material and 0.3 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 65°C for 25 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80°C for 10 min to obtain the modified carbon fiber.

[0056] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize the bamboo charcoal at 750°C for 3 h, cool to room temperature, place it in a crusher to crush it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 250 meshes; B2. Mix 50 mL of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 100 mL of an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 10 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 25 min, pass nitrogen to deoxidize, stir and react for about 25 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron; B3. Add 0.5 g of stearic acid to 100 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 2.5 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, keep the temperature at 25 °C, stir and react at 800 r / min for 1.5 h, filter, and place in an oven at 40 °C to dry for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0057] Example 3 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 6 parts of trimethoxysilane, 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 30 min, take out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 50 °C for 30 min, take out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0058] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 2 g of titanium boride nano-powder to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 2 h, add 3 g of graphene oxide, heat up to 90 °C, stir and react at 400 r / min for 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder; A2. Add 4 g of hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes to 50 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.4 g of dopamine, stir and react for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes modified with polydopamine; A3. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add 3 g of carbon fiber to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of composite layered material and 0.4 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 70 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0059] The modified bamboo carbon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize bamboo charcoal at 800 °C for 4 h, cool to room temperature, place it in a pulverizer, pulverize it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo carbon powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 300 meshes. B2. Mix 55 mL of an aqueous sodium borohydride solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 110 mL of an aqueous ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 12 g of bamboo carbon powder, stir and mix for 30 min, pass nitrogen to deoxidize, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo carbon powder loaded with nano-iron. B3. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo carbon powder loaded with nano-iron, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and place it in an oven at 40 °C to dry for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo carbon powder.

[0060] Comparative Example 1 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of modified bamboo carbon powder, 6 parts of trimethoxysilane, 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 30 min, take it out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo carbon powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water, and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 50 °C for 30 min, take it out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0061] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 4 g of hexagonal nano boron nitride sheets to 50 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.4 g of dopamine, stir and react for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain poly dopamine modified hexagonal nano boron nitride sheets; A2. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of poly dopamine modified hexagonal nano boron nitride sheets, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; A3. Add 3 g of carbon fiber to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of composite layered material and 0.4 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 70 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0062] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize bamboo charcoal at 800 °C for 4 h, cool to room temperature, place it in a crusher to crush it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 300 meshes; B2. Mix 55 mL of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 110 mL of an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 12 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 30 min, introduce nitrogen to deoxidize, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron; B3. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano iron, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and dry in an oven at 40 °C for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 6 parts of trimethoxysilane, 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. The wood powder is put into a mixer and stirred and mixed at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, then added to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, and stirred continuously for 30 min. Then it is taken out and dried at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix. S3. The modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix are mixed and stirred and mixed at 50 °C for 30 min. Then it is taken out and dried at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0064] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 2 g of titanium boride nanometer powder to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 2 h, add 3 g of graphene oxide, raise the temperature to 90 °C, stir and react at 400 r / min for 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder. A2. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanometer powder to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of hexagonal nanometer boron nitride sheets, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite material. A3. Add 3 g of carbon fiber to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of the composite material and 0.4 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 70 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain the modified carbon fiber.

[0065] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize the bamboo charcoal at 800 °C for 4 h, then cool to room temperature, place it in a crusher to crush it, and sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 300 meshes. B2. Mix 55 mL of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 110 mL of an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 12 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 30 min, pass nitrogen to deoxygenate, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron. B3. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and place in an oven at 40 °C for drying for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0066] Comparative Example 3 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 6 parts of trimethoxysilane, 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 30 min, take out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 50 °C for 30 min, take out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0067] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 2 g of titanium boride nano-powder to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 2 h, add 3 g of graphene oxide, heat up to 90 °C, stir and react at 400 r / min for 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder; A2. Add 4 g of hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes to 50 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.4 g of dopamine, stir and react for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes modified with polydopamine; A3. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; Mix 3 g of carbon fiber and 1 g of composite layered material to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0068] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize bamboo charcoal at 800 °C for 4 h, cool it to room temperature, place it in a pulverizer, pulverize it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 300 meshes. B2. Mix 55 mL of an aqueous sodium borohydride solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 110 mL of an aqueous ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 12 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 30 min, introduce nitrogen to deoxidize, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron. B3. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and place it in an oven at 40 °C to dry for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0069] Comparative Example 4 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of modified bamboo charcoal powder, 6 parts of trimethoxysilane, 12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Put the wood powder into a mixer, stir and mix at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, add it to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, continue to stir for 30 min, take it out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. Mix the modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo charcoal powder, trimethoxysilane, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and the explosive matrix, stir and mix at 50 °C for 30 min, take it out, and dry at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0070] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 2 g of titanium boride nanopowder to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 2 h, add 3 g of graphene oxide, heat up to 90 °C, stir and react at 400 r / min for 6 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder; A2. Add 4 g of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets to 50 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.4 g of dopamine, stir and react for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine; A3. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanopowder to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add 3 g of carbon fiber to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of the composite layered material and 0.4 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 70 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified carbon fiber.

[0071] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. Carbonize bamboo charcoal at 800 °C for 4 h, cool to room temperature, place it in a crusher to crush it, and then sieve it to obtain bamboo charcoal powder with a sieve mesh aperture of 300 mesh; B2. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo charcoal powder, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and dry in an oven at 40 °C for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0072] Comparative Example 5 A powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 120 parts of wood powder, 200 parts of sodium chlorate, 100 parts of white sugar, 30 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, and 500 parts of water; A preparation method of a powdery biomass chlorate explosive, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Add sodium chlorate, white sugar, and sodium hydroxide to 2 / 3 parts of water, stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. The wood powder is put into a mixer and stirred and mixed at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, then added to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, and stirring is continued for 30 min. After taking it out, it is dried at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. The modified carbon fiber, bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, 1 / 3 portion of water and the explosive matrix are mixed and stirred and mixed at 50 °C for 30 min. After taking it out, it is dried at 60 °C for 30 min to obtain a powdery biomass chlorate explosive.

[0073] The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 2 g of titanium boride nano-powder to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 2 h, add 3 g of graphene oxide, raise the temperature to 90 °C, and stir and react at 400 r / min for 6 h. Cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder; A2. Add 4 g of hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes to 50 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.4 g of dopamine, stir and react for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain poly-dopamine modified hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes; A3. Add 2.4 g of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nano-powder to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of poly-dopamine modified hexagonal nano-boron nitride flakes, ultrasonically treat at 60 KHz for 30 min, let stand for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add 3 g of carbon fiber to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of the composite layered material and 0.4 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and mix at 70 °C for 30 min, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain the modified carbon fiber.

[0074] The modified bamboo charcoal powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. The bamboo charcoal is carbonized at 800 °C for 4 h, then cooled to room temperature, placed in a crusher, crushed, and sieved to obtain bamboo charcoal powder, and the screen aperture of the sieve is 300 mesh; B2. Mix 55 mL of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and 110 mL of an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, stir evenly, add 12 g of bamboo charcoal powder, stir and mix for 30 min, pass nitrogen to deoxygenate, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron; B3. Add 0.6 g of stearic acid to 110 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 3 g of bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron, keep the temperature at 30 °C, stir and react at 850 r / min for 2 h, filter, and place in an oven at 40 °C to dry for 24 h to obtain modified bamboo charcoal powder.

[0075] Now, perform performance tests on the powdered biomass chlorate explosives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0076] Load the powdered biomass chlorate explosive prepared above into a polyvinyl chloride tube, seal it, and the charge density is 1.12 g / cm 3 ; Refer to GB / T12440-1990 "Lead Cylinder Compression Method for Measuring the Brisance of Explosives" to measure the brisance. Use the explosion of 50 g of explosives in a polyvinyl chloride tube to compress a lead cylinder, and use the compression value to measure the brisance of the explosives; Refer to GB / T13228-2015 to measure the detonation velocity of the powdered biomass chlorate explosive prepared above; Refer to WJ / T9055-2006 to measure the sympathetic detonation distance of the powdered biomass chlorate explosive prepared above; The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0077] Table 1 Performance Tests of Powdered Biomass Chlorate Explosives Prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the powdered biomass chlorate explosives prepared in Examples 1-3 have relatively high explosion power.

[0078] In Comparative Example 1, the modified carbon fiber prepared by replacing the graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanoparticles with graphene oxide was added to the powdered biomass chlorate explosive, and its explosion performance decreased. This proves that the amino-functionalized titanium boride nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of graphene oxide. Graphene oxide serves as a carrier for titanium boride nanoparticles, preventing the agglomeration of titanium boride nanoparticles in the explosive and affecting the explosion power of the explosive. Moreover, boron and titanium in the titanium boride nanoparticles act as a high-energy fuel, significantly enhancing the explosion power of the explosive. In addition, the titanium boride nanoparticles form a heat-conducting layer in the composite layered material, with a relatively large layer gap between the layers, which is conducive to the absorption and transfer of heat. The absorbed mechanical energy and heat energy are transferred to the surrounding explosives, improving the explosion power.

[0079] In Comparative Example 2, the modified carbon fiber prepared by replacing the polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets was added to the powdery biomass chlorate explosive, and its explosive performance decreased. This proved that polydopamine was self-polymerized on the surface of the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, endowing the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with excellent adhesion properties, which was beneficial for adhering to the surface of graphene oxide loaded with titanium boride nanoparticles to form a layered material. This layered material could absorb external stress, had high mechanical strength, and could prevent the explosive from being jolted and vibrated during transportation and the vibration impact during launch, which could lead to a decrease in the explosive power of the explosive.

[0080] In Comparative Example 3, the modified carbon fiber prepared without adding γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in step A4 was added to the powdery biomass chlorate explosive, and its explosive performance decreased. This proved that γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane could deposit the composite layered material on the surface of the carbon fiber, forming an uneven structure on the surface of the carbon fiber, increasing the surface roughness of the carbon fiber, enhancing the binding force between the modified carbon fiber and the explosive, and the carbon fiber could form a randomly distributed carbon fiber network around the explosive matrix, preventing the explosive from being jolted and vibrated during transportation and the vibration impact, and the friction and impact between particles, which could affect the explosive power of the explosive.

[0081] In Comparative Example 4, the modified bamboo charcoal powder prepared by replacing the bamboo charcoal powder loaded with nano-iron with bamboo charcoal powder was added to the powdery biomass chlorate explosive, and its explosive performance decreased. This proved that in-situ synthesis of nano-iron powder in the porous structure of the bamboo charcoal powder significantly improved the sensitivity of the explosive and the explosive power of the explosive, and the nano-iron powder, as the support framework of the bamboo charcoal powder, increased the mechanical strength of the bamboo charcoal powder, preventing the porous structure of the bamboo charcoal powder from being easily broken, which could affect the explosion effect.

[0082] In Comparative Example 5, in the powdery biomass chlorate explosive prepared without adding trimethoxysilane and pentaerythritol acrolein resin, its explosive performance decreased. This proved that the silanol groups of trimethoxysilane could be chemically bonded to the hydroxyl groups and ester groups in the pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and then a cross-linked network structure was formed on the surface of the explosive matrix. Moreover, the modified carbon fiber and the modified bamboo charcoal powder were embedded in the cross-linked network structure, realizing the coating of the modified carbon fiber and the modified bamboo charcoal powder on the surface of the explosive matrix, which was beneficial for forming a dense structure between the explosive matrices and enhancing the explosive power of the explosive.

[0083] In the description of the specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] The above content is only an example and illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications, supplements, or use similar methods for substitution to the specific embodiments described. As long as it does not deviate from the scope defined by the invention, it shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of biomass powder, 100-200 parts of chlorate, 50-100 parts of white sugar, 10-30 parts of alkali, 3-5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2-4 parts of modified bamboo carbon powder, 5-6 parts of organic silicon, 10-12 parts of pentaerythritol acrolein resin, and 400-500 parts of water; The modified carbon fiber is prepared by mixing graphene oxide, aminated titanium boron nanopowder and hexagonal nano boron nitride sheets modified with polydopamine, and then depositing the mixture on the surface of the carbon fiber. The modified bamboo carbon powder is obtained by mixing and reacting ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution, sodium borohydride solution and bamboo carbon powder, and then mixing and reacting with stearic acid.

2. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified carbon fiber is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add titanium boron nanopowder to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add aminosilane, stir and react at 60-80°C for 1-2h, add graphene oxide, heat to 80-90°C, stir and react at 300-400r / min for 4-6h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash and dry to obtain graphene oxide loaded with titanium boron nanopowder; A2. Add the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets to Tris-HCl buffer, stir evenly, add dopamine, stir and react for 3-5h, filter, wash and dry to obtain polydopamine-modified hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets; A3. The graphene oxide loaded with titanium boron nanopowder is added to deionized water, stirred evenly, and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets modified with polydopamine are added, ultrasonically treated at 40-60KHz for 20-30min, allowed to stand for 20-30min, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a composite layered material; A4. Add carbon fiber to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add composite layered material and aminosilane, stir and mix at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes, cool to room temperature, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified carbon fiber.

3. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the amount ratio of the titanium boron nanopowder, ethanol, deionized water, aminosilane and graphene oxide is (1-2) g: (25-35) mL: (8-12) mL: (0.3-0.7) g: (1-3) g.

4. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A2, the ratio of the hexagonal nano-boron nitride sheet, Tris-HCl buffer and dopamine is (3-4) g: (40-50) mL: (0.2-0.4) g.

5. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A3, the amount ratio of the graphene oxide loaded with titanium boron nanopowder, deionized water and polydopamine-modified hexagonal nano-boron nitride sheets is (2.2-2.4) g: (90-110) mL: (1.6-2) g.

6. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A4, the ratio of the carbon fiber, ethanol, deionized water, composite layered material and aminosilane is (1-2) g: (25-35) mL: (8-12) mL: (0.6-1) g: (0.2-0.4) g.

7. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified bamboo carbon powder is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. The bamboo charcoal is carbonized at 700-800°C for 2-4h, cooled to room temperature, crushed in a grinder, and sieved to obtain bamboo charcoal powder; B2. The sodium borohydride aqueous solution and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution were mixed and stirred, bamboo carbon powder was added, stirred and mixed for 20-30min, nitrogen was introduced, the reaction was stirred for 20-30min, filtered, washed and dried to obtain bamboo carbon powder loaded with nano-iron; B3. Add stearic acid to ethanol, stir evenly, add bamboo carbon powder loaded with nano-iron, maintain the temperature at 20-30°C, stir and react at 750-850r / min for 1-2h, filter and dry to obtain modified bamboo carbon powder.

8. A powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step B1, the mesh size is 200-300 mesh; In step B2, the sodium borohydride aqueous solution, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution and bamboo carbon powder are used in a ratio of (45-55) mL: (90-110) mL: (8-12) g; In step B3, the ratio of the amount of stearic acid, ethanol and bamboo carbon powder loaded with nano-iron is (0.4-0.6) g: (90-110) mL: (2-3) g.

9. A method for preparing a powdered biomass chlorate explosive according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Add chlorate, sugar and alkali to 2 / 3 of water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution; S2. The biomass powder is put into a mixer, stirred and mixed at a rate of 500-600r / min for 30-40min, added to the mixed solution obtained in step S1, stirred for 20-30min, taken out, and dried at 50-60°C for 20-30min to obtain an explosive matrix; S3. The modified carbon fiber, modified bamboo carbon powder, silicone, pentaerythritol acrolein resin, 1 / 3 part of water and explosive matrix are mixed, stirred and mixed at 40-50° C. for 20-30 min, taken out, and dried to obtain a powdered biomass chlorate explosive.

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