Nanoscale silicon coating material and preparation method of high-silicon-content glass fiber cloth

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fiber materials, and discloses a nanoscale silicon coating material and a preparation method of high-silicon-content glass fiber cloth. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of a silicon source, 25-35 parts of a solvent, 5-10 parts of a dispersing agent, 5-15 parts of a drying promoter, 2-8 parts of an accelerant, 1-5 parts of a coupling agent, 10-20 parts of a silicon dioxide supplement, 1-3.5 parts of nanoscale wax powder, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 5-10 parts of a toughening agent and 20-40 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the high-silicon-content glass fiber cloth is simple, the temperature resistance of the glass fiber cloth is remarkably improved, the temperature resistance of the glass fiber cloth can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the content of silicon dioxide in the coating, and compared with an existing fiber component changing or acid pickling treatment method, the temperature resistance of the glass fiber cloth is greatly improved. The original mechanical performance and structural strength of the fiber cloth can be kept, the cost and energy consumption are reduced, and the fiber cloth has wide application prospects and higher economic benefits in various high-temperature application fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fiber materials, and particularly to a preparation method of a nano-scale silicon coating material and a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content. Background Art

[0002] A glass fiber cloth is a fabric woven from slender glass fibers, which has high strength, light weight, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent electrical insulation properties. It is widely used in fields such as construction, transportation, electronics and electricity, industry and aerospace, and is used as a waterproof layer, heat insulation material, reinforced composite material, circuit board substrate and high-performance components, etc.

[0003] Although the existing ordinary glass fiber cloth has good mechanical and heat resistance properties, its application under some extreme high temperature conditions is still limited. Its general heat resistance is only about 550°C. Although the heat resistance performance can be improved by changing the fiber composition such as increasing the silica content or pickling treatment, these methods all have obvious drawbacks: changing the fiber composition needs to be adjusted from the raw material stage, resulting in a more complex production process and a significant increase in cost; while pickling treatment can improve the heat resistance, but it will produce holes or cracks on the fiber surface, destroying its integrity and mechanical strength. The cost of the glass fiber cloth treated by these two methods is usually several times higher than that of the untreated product, and the economy is poor, which limits its wide application in some high-performance and cost-sensitive fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and to provide a preparation method of a nano-scale silicon coating material and a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nano-scale silicon coating material, comprising 5-15 parts by weight of a silicon source, 25-35 parts of a solvent, 5-10 parts of a dispersant, 5-15 parts of a drying accelerator, 2-8 parts of a promoter, 1-5 parts of a coupling agent, 10-20 parts of a silica supplement, 1-3.5 parts of nano-scale wax powder, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 5-10 parts of a toughening agent and 20-40 parts of deionized water.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the silicon source is silicon tetrachloride; the solvent is absolute ethanol; the dispersant is at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyacrylic acid; the drying accelerator is at least one of ethyl acetate, acetone and polyacrylate; the promoter is at least one of acrylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile and ammonium persulfate; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-550; the silica supplement is at least one of tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetramethylsilane, tetraethoxysilane and sodium silicate; the nano wax powder is at least one of polyethylene wax powder and polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168; the toughening agent is at least one of epoxy modified polyester, acrylic resin and polyurethane dispersion.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it includes the following steps: A1: Weigh the silicon source and the solvent by weight respectively, dissolve the silicon source in the solvent, and perform ultrasonic treatment for a certain time to prepare a colloid; A2: Weigh the dispersant, drying accelerator, promoter, coupling agent, silica supplement, nano wax powder, antioxidant, toughening agent and deionized water by weight respectively; A3: Add deionized water to the stirring device, add the dispersant, turn on the stirring device, and continuously stir for 5-10 min; A4: Add the pretreated colloid into the stirring device and continuously stir for 10-20 min; A5: Add the drying accelerator in three batches to the stirring device, and stir for 1-3 min for each batch; A6: Add the promoter, and at the same time add a buffer solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.5-9.5, and stir for 10-15 min; A7: Add the coupling agent, set the stirring speed to 200-300 r / min, and stir for 15-20 min; A8: First heat-treat the silica supplement, and after the heating is completed, add it to the stirring device and stir for 20-30 min; A9: Add the nano wax powder, antioxidant and toughening agent, set the stirring speed to 400-600 r / min, stir for 10-15 min, and perform vacuum degassing treatment for 5-10 min to finally obtain the nano silicon coating material.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after the colloid is prepared in A1, the pH range of the colloid is maintained at 8-9, and the particle size in the colloid is 10-80 nm.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power of the ultrasonic wave in A1 is 30-100w, and the treatment time of the ultrasonic wave is 30-60min; the stirring speed in A3-A6 is set to 200-400r / min; during the stirring in A3-A6, the stirring temperature is maintained at 20-25°C; the pretreatment step of the colloid in A4 is to adjust the pH of the colloid to 8-9, and the colloid is treated by ultrasonic wave, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 100w-500w; the treatment time of the ultrasonic wave is 5-20min; the buffer solution in A6 is a sodium carbonate solution; in A8, the silica supplement is heat-treated at 80°C for 30min.

[0011] A method for preparing a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content, using any one of the above-mentioned nano-scale silicon coating materials, includes: S1: preparing the nano-scale silicon coating material according to a ratio; S2: treating the surface of the glass fiber cloth with an electric heating roller; S3: after winding the glass fiber cloth, placing it into a coater; S4: preheating the prepared coating material and then putting it into the coater, and evenly coating it on the glass fiber cloth through the coater; S5: after coating, performing a heat treatment on the coated glass fiber cloth; S6: after the heat treatment is completed, performing an ultrasonic treatment on the coated glass fiber cloth; S7: drying the coated glass fiber cloth to finally obtain a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preheating temperature in S4 is 60°C-80°C, and the preheating time is 5-10min; the heating temperature in S5 is 80-100°C, and the heating time is 10-20min; the power of the ultrasonic treatment in S6 is 100-500w, and the treatment time is 5min-20min; the drying temperature in S7 is 80°C-100°C, and the drying time is 30-40min.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method includes multiple coatings. The specific steps of multiple coatings are: after the ultrasonic treatment in S6 is completed, the glass fiber cloth is preliminarily dried, the drying temperature is 80°C-100°C, and the drying time is 10-20min. After drying, the preliminarily dried glass fiber cloth is placed back into the coater, and S4-S5 are repeated, and finally the S7 drying treatment is performed to obtain the glass fiber cloth.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after the S7 step in the preparation method, an ultraviolet low-temperature curing treatment is further included. The dried glass fiber cloth is irradiated for 1-5 minutes under the condition that the ultraviolet light intensity is 100-300mW / cm 2 , and then the glass fiber cloth is cured at 30-50°C for 40-120min.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Improve heat resistance performance: By coating the nano-scale silicon coating material proposed in this application, the heat resistance performance of the fiberglass cloth is improved, reducing the limitations of the fiberglass cloth in high-temperature scenarios. Moreover, the silica content in the coating can be adjusted as needed, thus flexibly controlling the heat resistance performance of the fiberglass cloth and improving the flexibility and practicality of the application of this coating;

[0017] 2. Maintain structural strength: After coating with the nano-scale silicon coating material, the structural strength of the fiberglass cloth is improved. Compared with the pickling treatment method, this solution will not generate holes or cracks on the fiber surface, thus maintaining the integrity and mechanical strength of the fiber cloth;

[0018] 3. Economy: Compared with the existing method of changing the composition of the fiber cloth, this solution does not need to be adjusted from the raw material stage, simplifies the production process, reduces production costs, and the preparation and coating processes of the coating material are relatively simple with low energy consumption. Compared with complex production processes, it has better economic benefits. Secondly, the components in the coating are relatively mild, and the environmental friendliness is improved compared with the pickling treatment method. Moreover, the formula and coating thickness of the coating material can be adjusted according to actual needs, making the production more flexible and adaptable to different application scenarios. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart for the preparation of a nano-scale silicon coating material proposed by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0021] A nano-scale silicon coating material includes: 5-15 parts by weight of a silicon source, 25-35 parts of a solvent, 5-10 parts of a dispersant, 5-15 parts of a drying accelerator, 2-8 parts of a promoter, 1-5 parts of a coupling agent, 10-20 parts of a silica supplement, 1-3.5 parts of nano-scale wax powder, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 5-10 parts of a toughening agent, and 20-40 parts of deionized water. In this application, the dispersant can prevent the silica in the silica supplement from aggregating in the colloid, ensuring that the silica particles are evenly dispersed in the colloid. Moreover, the dispersant can also form a protective film by adsorbing on the surface of the silica particles to prevent the silica particles from settling during storage.

[0022] Further, the silicon source is silicon tetrachloride. Specifically, high-purity silicon powder and chlorine gas are reacted in a high-temperature and certain-pressure environment. The temperature is usually between 300-500 °C, and the pressure is generally 1-5 atmospheres. The generated silicon tetrachloride gas is cooled and separated to obtain solid silicon tetrachloride; the solvent is anhydrous ethanol; the dispersant is at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and polyacrylic acid. The above dispersants can effectively prevent the agglomeration of the silica supplement in the colloid and ensure the uniform dispersion of the particles; the drying accelerator is at least one of ethyl acetate, acetone, and polyacrylate. The drying accelerator can accelerate the drying process of the coating, shorten the drying time, improve production efficiency, and the drying accelerator helps the coating maintain uniformity during drying and avoid cracks or peeling; the promoter is at least one of acrylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile, and ammonium persulfate. The above promoters can accelerate the chemical reaction in the coating material and improve the curing speed of the coating; the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-550; the silica supplement is at least one of tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetramethylsilane, tetraethoxysilane, and sodium silicate. The above silica supplements can provide an additional source of silica and increase the silica content in the coating; the nano-scale wax powder is at least one of polyethylene wax powder and polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder. The nano-scale wax powder can provide lubricity, improve the smoothness of the coating surface, and reduce friction; the antioxidant is at least one of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168; the toughening agent is at least one of epoxy-modified polyester, acrylic resin, and polyurethane dispersion.

[0023] Further, the preparation steps of the nano-scale silicon coating material are as follows:

[0024] A1: Weigh the silicon source and the solvent by weight respectively. Dissolve the silicon source in the solvent and perform ultrasonic treatment for a certain time to prepare a colloid. Specifically, after the colloid is prepared in A1, the pH range of the colloid is maintained at 8-9, the particle size in the colloid is 10-80 nm, the power of the ultrasonic wave in A1 is 30-100 w, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 30-60 min. Under the condition of pH value of 8-9, the colloid has high stability, is not easy to agglomerate or precipitate, which is convenient for the mixing of the silica supplement in the colloid through the dispersant. The particle size of silica in the colloid is 10-80 nm. This particle size range is relatively small, which helps the uniform dispersion of silica particles in the colloid and avoids agglomeration. The nano-scale silica particles can form a denser and more uniform microstructure, improve the uniformity and denseness of the coating, and the nano-scale silica particles can also improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating. By controlling the pH value of the colloid at 8-9 and the silica particle size at 10-80 nm, the stability, adhesion performance, chemical reactivity of the colloid, and the mechanical properties, optical properties, and corrosion resistance of the final product can be significantly improved;

[0025] A2: Weigh dispersant, drying accelerator, promoter, coupling agent, silica supplement, nano wax powder, antioxidant, toughening agent and deionized water by weight parts respectively.

[0026] A3: Add deionized water into the stirring device, and then add the dispersant. Start the stirring device and stir continuously for 5 - 10 min. First, stir the dispersant evenly to prepare for the subsequent dispersion of silica, ensuring that the subsequent silica can be evenly mixed with the dispersant after entering the stirring device.

[0027] A4: Add the pretreated colloid into the stirring device and stir continuously for 10 - 20 min. Specifically, the pretreatment steps of the colloid in A4 are to adjust the pH of the colloid to 8 - 9. The alkaline pH range helps to improve the stability of the colloid, prevent precipitation, and treat the colloid by ultrasonic wave. The power of the ultrasonic wave is 100 w - 500 w, and the treatment time of the ultrasonic wave is 5 - 20 min. The ultrasonic treatment can effectively break the agglomeration phenomenon in the colloid and make the silica particles more evenly dispersed.

[0028] A5: Add the drying accelerator into the stirring device in three batches, and stir for 1 - 3 min for each batch. Adding in batches can avoid too high local concentration and ensure the uniform distribution of the drying accelerator in the whole solution.

[0029] A6: Add the promoter, and at the same time add a buffer solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.5 - 9.5. The alkaline pH range helps to improve the stability of the colloid, prevent precipitation, and stir for 10 - 15 min. And the stirring speed in A3 - A6 is set to 200 - 400 r / min. Such a stirring speed can prevent the agglomeration of silica particles and ensure the uniform dispersion of each component in the solution. Further, the stirring temperature is maintained at 20 - 25 °C during the stirring process in A3 - A6. Specifically, the buffer solution in A6 is sodium carbonate solution. The sodium carbonate solution can be used as a buffer solution to help maintain the pH of the solution within the range of 8 - 9, improve the stability of the colloid, and prevent precipitation.

[0030] A7: Add the coupling agent, and set the stirring speed to 200 - 300 r / min and stir for 15 - 20 min.

[0031] A8: First, heat - treat the silica supplement. After the heating is completed, add it into the stirring device and stir for 20 - 30 min. Specifically, the silica supplement in A8 is heat - treated at 80 °C for 30 min. The heat - treatment can improve the dispersibility of the silica supplement and make it easier to be evenly distributed in the solution.

[0032] A9: Add nanoscale wax powder, antioxidant and toughening agent, set the stirring speed to 400 - 600 r / min, stir for 10 - 15 min, conduct vacuum degassing treatment for 5 - 10 min, and finally obtain the nanoscale silicon coating material.

[0033] Through the above steps, it can ensure the uniform dispersion and full mixing of each component in the nanoscale silicon coating material, thereby improving the stability, bonding performance, drying efficiency, chemical reaction rate of the coating material and the quality of the final product. The design of each step is to optimize the material properties and make the coating material show the best effect in practical applications.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This example is prepared according to the above preparation steps of the nanoscale silicon coating material, and the specific process is as follows:

[0036] A1: Weigh 750 g of silicon tetrachloride and 3750 g of absolute ethanol, put the silicon tetrachloride into the absolute ethanol, and prepare a colloid by ultrasonic treatment at 30 w for 30 min.

[0037] A2: Weigh 750 g of polyethylene glycol, 750 ml of ethyl acetate, 300 ml of acrylic acid, 150 ml of silane coupling agent KH-550, 1500 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 150 g of polyethylene wax powder, 150 g of antioxidant 1010, 750 g of acrylic resin and 3000 ml of deionized water.

[0038] A3: Add deionized water to the stirring device, add polyethylene glycol, turn on the stirring device, set the rotation speed of the stirring device to 200 r / min, and stir continuously for 5 min.

[0039] A4: Adjust the pH of the colloid to 9, and treat the colloid under ultrasonic conditions of 100 w for 5 min. After the treatment is completed, add the treated colloid into the stirring device, set the rotation speed of the stirring device to 200 r / min, and stir continuously for 10 min.

[0040] A5: Add ethyl acetate to the stirring device in three batches. The first batch is 225 ml, the second batch is 225 ml, and the third batch is 300 ml. Set the rotation speed of the stirring device to 200 r / min, and stir for 1 min for each batch.

[0041] A6: Add acrylic acid, and at the same time add sodium carbonate solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 9. Set the rotation speed of the stirring device to 200 r / min, and stir for 10 min.

[0042] A7: Add silane coupling agent KH-550, set the stirring speed to 400 r / min, then set it to 200 - 300 r / min and stir for 15 min;

[0043] A8: First, heat tetraethyl orthosilicate at 80 °C for 30 min. After heating, add it to the stirring device and stir for 20 min;

[0044] A9: Add polyethylene wax powder, antioxidant 1010 and acrylic resin, set the stirring speed to 400 r / min, stir for 10 min, and perform vacuum degassing for 5 min to finally obtain a nano-scale silicon coating material, denoted as Sample 1.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This example is prepared according to the above preparation steps of the nano-scale silicon coating material. The difference from Example 1 is that in step A1, 1500 g of silicon tetrachloride and 7500 g of absolute ethanol are weighed. Other steps are the same as those in Example 1. The finally obtained nano-scale silicon coating material is denoted as Sample 2.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This example is prepared according to the above preparation steps of the nano-scale silicon coating material. The difference from Example 1 is that in step A1, 3000 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate is weighed. Others are the same as those in Example 1. The finally obtained nano-scale silicon coating material is denoted as Sample 3.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The difference between the nano-scale silicon coating material provided in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is as follows:

[0051] In the colloid prepared in step A1, the content of silicon dioxide is 1%, and it does not contain tetraethyl orthosilicate. Others are the same as those in Example 1. The finally obtained nano-scale silicon coating material is denoted as Sample 4.

[0052] Detect the silicon dioxide content in the above samples:

[0053] Referring to the relevant regulations of GB / T 9345.1 "Plastics - Determination of ash content - Part 1: General method" and ISO 3451 "Plastics - Determination of ash content", the test results are as follows:

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from the data in Table 1: The silica content in the nano-scale silicon coating material prepared in this application can be directly adjusted according to the silicon source and silica supplement in the raw materials. When the silica content in the silicon source increases, the silica content in the nano-scale silicon coating material also increases. When the silica supplement increases, the silica content in the nano-scale silicon coating material also increases. In summary, the silica content of the nano-scale silicon coating material in this application can be adjusted at any time by directly adjusting the silica content in the colloid and the content of the silica supplement.

[0057] A preparation method of a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content uses any one of the above-configured nano-scale silicon coating materials and includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: Prepare the nano-scale silicon coating material in proportion;

[0059] S2: Use an electric heating roller to treat the surface of the glass fiber cloth;

[0060] S3: After winding up the glass fiber cloth, place it into a coating machine;

[0061] S4: Preheat the prepared coating material and then put it into the coating machine, and evenly coat it on the glass fiber cloth through the coating machine. It can be coated on one side or both sides of the glass fiber cloth. The specific position and area can be flexibly coated according to actual needs. Specifically, the preheating temperature of the coating material is 60°C - 80°C, and the preheating time is 5 - 10 min;

[0062] S5: After coating, heat-treat the coated glass fiber cloth. Specifically, the heating temperature is 80 - 100°C, and the heating time is 10 - 20 min;

[0063] S6: After heating, perform ultrasonic treatment on the coated glass fiber cloth. Specifically, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 100 - 500 w, and the treatment time is 5 min - 20 min;

[0064] S7: Dry the coated glass fiber cloth to finally obtain a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content. Specifically, the drying temperature is 80°C - 100°C, and the drying time is 30 - 40 min.

[0065] Furthermore, the preparation method of the glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content includes multiple coatings. The specific steps of multiple coatings are as follows: After the ultrasonic treatment in step S6 is completed, perform preliminary drying on the glass fiber cloth. The drying temperature is 80°C - 100°C, and the drying time is 10 - 20 min. After drying, place the preliminarily dried glass fiber cloth back into the coating machine, repeat S4 - S5, and finally perform the S7 drying treatment to obtain the glass fiber cloth.

[0066] Further, after the S7 step in the preparation method, an ultraviolet low-temperature curing treatment is also included. The dried fiberglass cloth is irradiated for 1-5 minutes under the condition that the ultraviolet light intensity is 100-300 mW / cm 2 , and then the fiberglass cloth is cured for 40-120 min under the condition of 30-50 °C.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This example is prepared according to the above preparation method of the high-silicon-content fiberglass cloth, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0069] S1: Use the nano-scale silicon coating material configured in Example 1;

[0070] S2: Use an electric heating roller to treat the surface of the fiberglass cloth;

[0071] S3: After winding the fiberglass cloth, place it into a coater;

[0072] S4: Preheat the prepared coating material at 60 °C for 4 min, then put it into the coater and evenly coat it on one side of the fiberglass cloth through the coater;

[0073] S5: After coating, perform a heating treatment on the coated fiberglass cloth at 80 °C for 10 min;

[0074] S6: After heating, perform ultrasonic treatment on the coated fiberglass cloth at a power of 100 w for 5 min;

[0075] S7: Dry the fiberglass cloth at 80 °C for 30 min to obtain the finished high-silicon-content fiberglass cloth, which is denoted as sample A.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Different from Example 4, in step S1, use the nano-scale silicon coating material configured in Example 2, and keep other steps the same. The finally prepared high-silicon-content fiberglass cloth is denoted as sample B.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] Different from Example 4, in step S1, use the nano-scale silicon coating material configured in Example 3, and keep other steps the same. The finally prepared high-silicon-content fiberglass cloth is denoted as sample C.

[0080] Example 7

[0081] Different from Example 1, after the ultrasonic treatment in step S6 is completed, the fiberglass cloth is preliminarily dried at a drying temperature of 90 °C and a drying time of 15 min. After drying, the preliminarily dried fiberglass cloth is placed back into the coater, and S4 - S5 are repeated. Finally, the S7 drying treatment is carried out to obtain the fiberglass cloth. The finished product of the high - silicon - content fiberglass cloth after secondary coating is denoted as sample D.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] Directly use the common ordinary fiberglass cloth on the market without any treatment, denoted as sample E.

[0084] Perform analysis on the continuous working temperature, ultimate working temperature, and elastic modulus performance of the above samples:

[0085] It should be noted that the fiberglass cloths used in Examples 4 - 7 and Comparative Example 2 are all E - glass fiber cloths with a weight of 660 g / m 2 , with dimensions of 500 mm x 500 mm x 0.3 mm, and the coating weight per coating is 10 g;

[0086] Among them, the continuous working temperature refers to the temperature that the sample can withstand for a long time under normal working conditions. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) or thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to determine the thermal stability of the material at high temperatures. Through these tests, the decomposition temperature and weight loss of the material at high temperatures can be determined, thereby inferring its continuous working temperature. The ultimate working temperature refers to the highest temperature that the sample can withstand in a short time, which is usually determined before the performance of the material drops sharply. Specifically, refer to ISO 11357 "Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) of Plastics" and ISO 11358 "Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Plastics". The higher the corresponding data values of these two indicators, the better the temperature resistance performance of the sample;

[0087] The elastic modulus refers to the rigidity of the sample within the elastic deformation range, referring to ISO 527 - 1:2019 "Plastics - Determination of Tensile Properties - Part 1: General Principles".

[0088] The test results are as follows in the table:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] In the table, for samples A, B, C, and D coated with the nanoscale silicon coating material, compared with sample E without the coating, the continuous working temperature and the maximum working temperature of samples A - D are higher than those of sample E. This indicates that the nanoscale silicon coating material proposed in this application can improve the heat resistance of glass fiber cloth when applied to it. Secondly, among the silica contents of the coating materials, sample A < sample B < sample C, and in the corresponding continuous working temperature and maximum working temperature parameters, sample A < sample B < sample C. This shows that an increase in the silica content in the coating is beneficial to improving the high-temperature resistance of glass fiber cloth. Secondly, sample D was coated twice, and the silica content is higher than that of samples A - C. The corresponding continuous working temperature and maximum working temperature are also higher than those of A - C, thus verifying the influence of the silica content in the coating on the heat resistance of glass fiber cloth. Further, the elastic moduli of the above samples A - D are slightly greater than that of sample E, which indicates that the rigidity and structural stability of samples A - D are better than those of sample E, that is, the glass fiber cloth coated with the nanoscale silicon coating proposed in this application is strengthened in terms of structural strength. In summary, the nanoscale silicon coating material prepared in this application can greatly improve the high-temperature resistance of glass fiber cloth and also improve its structural strength when applied to glass fiber cloth.

[0092] Comparative Example 3

[0093] For an E-glass fiber cloth with dimensions of 500 mm x 500 mm x 0.3 mm and a weight of 840 g / m 2 Pickling treatment was carried out. Briefly, the glass fiber cloth was soaked and cleaned with deionized water, then placed in hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10% for the glass fiber cloth, the temperature was maintained at 40 °C, and the pickling time was 10 minutes. Subsequently, the pickled glass fiber cloth was put into a 1% sodium carbonate solution for neutralization, then rinsed with deionized water and dried. The final glass fiber cloth product obtained was designated as sample F (after testing, the continuous working temperature of this sample F was 1005 °C and the weight was 630 g).

[0094] The structural strengths of samples A and sample F were analyzed. Among them, the tensile strength is the maximum ability of a material to resist failure under tensile load, and the fatigue strength refers to the ability of a material to resist fatigue failure under alternating load. The test methods for tensile strength and elastic modulus refer to ISO 527 - 1:2019 "Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles", and the fatigue strength specifically refers to ASTM D3479 - 19 "Standard test method for fatigue properties of fiber-reinforced plastic composites".

[0095]

[0096] As can be seen from the above table, the tensile strength, elastic modulus and fatigue degree of sample A and sample E are better than those of sample F. This indicates that the mechanical properties and structural strength of the pickled glass fiber cloth will decrease significantly, which limits the application scenarios of the glass fiber cloth. The values of the tensile strength, elastic modulus and fatigue degree of sample A are slightly higher than those of sample E, which indicates that the structure of the high-silica-content glass fiber cloth proposed in this application has been improved after treatment. Secondly, the pH value of the glass fiber cloth product after pickling treatment is 4.1, and too low pH value will corrode metals and affect the overall service life. Therefore, the product obtained after such pickling treatment is limited in application when used for protection and heat insulation on the metal surface. The pH value of the high-silica glass fiber cloth product obtained in this application remains neutral, so it has a wider range of application scenarios.

[0097] In summary, the nano-scale silicon coating material proposed in this application is applied to the glass fiber cloth, and the heat resistance of the obtained high-silica-content glass fiber cloth is greatly improved. Compared with the methods of changing the composition of the fiber cloth or pickling, the method proposed in this application has a simple process flow, is easy and flexible to operate in practice, has good economic benefits, saves energy, and more importantly, does not damage the structural strength of the glass fiber cloth, and has high application value and a wide range of application scenarios.

[0098] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nano-scale silicon coating material, characterized in that: include: The invention discloses a novel nanostructured carbon foam comprising 5-15 parts of silicon source, 25-35 parts of solvent, 5-10 parts of dispersant, 5-15 parts of drying accelerator, 2-8 parts of promoter, 1-5 parts of coupling agent, 10-20 parts of silicon dioxide supplement, 1-3.5 parts of nano wax powder, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 5-10 parts of toughening agent and 20-40 parts of deionized water.

2. The nano-scale silicon coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicon source is silicon tetrachloride; The solvent is anhydrous ethanol; The dispersant is at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, sodium lauryl sulfate and polyacrylic acid; The drying accelerator is at least one of ethyl acetate, acetone and polyacrylate; The accelerator is at least one of acrylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, azobisisobutyronitrile and ammonium persulfate; The coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-550; The silicon dioxide supplement is at least one of ethyl orthosilicate, tetramethylsilane, tetraethoxysilane and sodium silicate; The nano wax powder is at least one of polyethylene wax powder and polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder; The antioxidant is at least one of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168; The toughening agent is at least one of epoxy-modified polyester, acrylic resin and polyurethane dispersion.

3. The nano-scale silicon coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A1: Weigh the silicon source and the solvent respectively by weight, dissolve the silicon source in the solvent, and treat with ultrasound for a certain period of time to prepare a colloid; A2: Weigh the dispersant, drying accelerator, accelerator, coupling agent, silica supplement, nano wax powder, antioxidant, toughening agent and deionized water respectively according to weight; A3: Add deionized water and dispersant to the stirring device, turn on the stirring device, and continue stirring for 5-10 minutes; A4: Add the pre-treated colloid into the stirring device and continue stirring for 10-20 minutes; A5: Add the drying accelerator into the stirring device in three batches, stirring each batch for 1-3 minutes; A6: Add the accelerator and buffer to adjust the pH of the solution to 8.5-9.5, and stir for 10-15 minutes; A7: Add coupling agent, set the stirring speed to 200-300r / min, and stir for 15-20min; A8: First, heat the silica supplement, add it to the stirring device after heating, and stir for 20-30 minutes; A9: Add nano wax powder, antioxidant and toughening agent, set the stirring speed to 400-600r / min, stir for 10-15min, perform vacuum degassing for 5-10min, and finally obtain nano silicon coating material.

4. The nano-scale silicon coating material according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the colloid is prepared in A1, the pH range of the colloid is maintained at 8-9, and the particle size of the colloid is 10-80 nm.

5. The nano-scale silicon coating material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power of ultrasound in A1 is 30-100w, and the treatment time of ultrasound is 30-60min; In A3-A6, the stirring speed is set to 200-400 r / min; During the stirring process in A3-A6, the stirring temperature is maintained at 20-25°C; The pretreatment step of the colloid in A4 is to adjust the pH of the colloid to 8-9, and treat the colloid by ultrasonic wave, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 100w-500w; the ultrasonic wave treatment time is 5-20min; The buffer in A6 is sodium carbonate solution; In A8, the silica supplement was heated at 80°C for 30 minutes.

6. A method for preparing a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content, characterized in that: Using any one of the nano-scale silicon coating materials as described in claims 1-5, comprising: S1: Prepare nano-scale silicon coating materials according to proportion; S2: Use electric heating roller to treat the surface of glass fiber cloth; S3: After the glass fiber cloth is rolled up, it is placed into a coating machine; S4: preheating the prepared coating material and then putting it into a coating machine, and evenly coating it on the glass fiber cloth through the coating machine; S5: After the coating is completed, the coated glass fiber cloth is heated; S6: After the heating is completed, the coated glass fiber cloth is subjected to ultrasonic treatment; S7: Drying the coated glass fiber cloth to finally obtain a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content.

7. The method for preparing a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preheating temperature in S4 is 60°C-80°C, and the preheating time is 5-10 minutes; The heating temperature in S5 is 80-100°C and the heating time is 10-20min; The power of the ultrasonic treatment in S6 is 100-500w, and the treatment time is 5min-20min; The drying temperature in S7 is 80°C-100°C, and the drying time is 30-40 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method includes multiple coatings, and the specific steps of the multiple coatings are: after completing the ultrasonic treatment in S6, the glass fiber cloth is preliminarily dried, the drying temperature is 80°C-100°C, and the drying time is 10-20 minutes. After the drying is completed, the preliminarily dried glass fiber cloth is placed back into the coating machine, and S4-S5 are repeated, and finally S7 drying treatment is performed to obtain the glass fiber cloth.

9. The method for preparing a glass fiber cloth with a high silicon content according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method further includes a low-temperature ultraviolet curing treatment after step S7, wherein the dried glass fiber cloth is subjected to ultraviolet light with an intensity of 100-300 mW / cm 2 The glass fiber cloth is irradiated for 1-5 minutes under the conditions of 30-50°C and then cured for 40-120 minutes under the conditions of 30-50°C.

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