Grouting system and grouting method for karst area based on concentration and pressure regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a karst area grouting system and grouting method based on concentration and pressure regulation, the grouting system comprises a slurry preparation system, a filtering system, a grouting system and a computer control system, the computer control system can control the proportion of water, cement, fly ash and a water reducing agent in the slurry preparation system; the grouting pressure of an automatic tube drawing bench and a grouting pump in the grouting system can be controlled, the filtering system can filter caked substances in prepared paste slurry, the compactness of grouting is guaranteed, and a grouting tube can be effectively prevented from being blocked; the grouting method comprises the steps of preparation work before grouting, high-concentration grouting, low-concentration grouting, low-concentration grouting, grouting quality inspection and supplementary grouting, and equipment cleaning and inspection. The mixing quality of the paste slurry is controlled from the source, the paste slurry with different concentrations is prepared according to different proportions, grouting is carried out under different grouting pressures, and the raw material proportion and the grouting pressure of the paste slurry can be automatically adjusted through machine learning and a computer control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower grouting, and particularly to a grouting system and a grouting method in karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation. Background Art

[0002] The geological conditions in karst areas are complex, with soluble rocks widely distributed. The rock mass is mostly carbonate rock or mixed soil layer with well-developed fissures. After long-term water-soluble action, various karst landforms are formed, including karst caves and dissolution fissures, etc. Karst fissures and cavities damage the integrity and continuity of the rock mass. These fissures are like underground pipelines, providing leakage channels for water flow in water conservancy and hydropower projects, increasing the leakage risk. Grouting is an effective treatment method that can fill and reinforce the fissures and cavities in the rock mass, enhance its integrity and strength, and at the same time block the seepage channels to reduce leakage problems.

[0003] Whether the grouting effect can meet the expectations depends crucially on the degree of grouting denseness. If the grouting is not dense, pores still exist, the flow channels are not effectively blocked, and problems such as leakage cannot be solved. In the traditional cement grouting process, there are problems such as a large "absorbed slurry volume", poor perfusion effect. Conventional cement slurry perfusion usually requires multiple intermittent re-grouting, but the effect is still difficult to reach the design standard. Under certain special conditions, such as larger fissures or cavities, although using cement mortar perfusion can complete the perfusion relatively quickly, due to the poor fluidity and insufficient sealing of the slurry, water leakage often occurs. And traditional grouting equipment is prone to pipeline blockage during grouting, resulting in difficult control of fluidity and pressure during the grouting process, affecting the overall grouting effect. When string grouting occurs in the peripheral holes during grouting, the traditional grouting equipment also has the situation of insufficient conveying pressure; the efficiency of the forced mixer is low, the mixing is uneven, it is easy to form lumps, and it is easy to form a bridge during grouting, which may cause blockage of the grouting pipeline and affect the grouting efficiency. Therefore, effective filtration of the paste slurry becomes crucial.

[0004] Secondly, due to problems with grouting materials, such as poor quality, improper proportioning, etc., it will affect its curing strength, setting time and diffusion effect. Insufficient grouting volume and unreasonable grouting sequence result in the slurry being unable to fully fill the target area, leading to ineffective blockage. Therefore, in view of these problems during the paste slurry perfusion process, it is necessary to develop new grouting equipment and methods to improve the efficiency and stability of the grouting equipment, and then ensure the construction quality and efficiency of the grouting project in karst areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grouting system and a grouting method in karst areas based on hierarchical regulation of concentration and pressure, to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above technical background, and to ensure the construction quality and efficiency of the grouting project in karst areas.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grouting system in karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation, comprising:

[0008] A slurry preparation system, the slurry preparation system includes a water tank, a cement material bin, a fly ash material bin, a water reducer material bin, a cement slurry mixer, and a secondary mixer. A centrifugal pump is arranged in the water tank, and the centrifugal pump is connected to the cement slurry mixer through a water delivery pipe. The cement material bin is connected to the cement slurry mixer through a first pneumatic conveying pipe. The cement slurry mixer is connected to the secondary mixer through a first screw conveyor. The fly ash material bin and the water reducer material bin are respectively connected to the secondary mixer through a second pneumatic conveying pipe and a third pneumatic conveying pipe. Vacuum negative pressure pumps are arranged on the first pneumatic conveying pipe, the second pneumatic conveying pipe, and the third pneumatic conveying pipe. A glass tube liquid level gauge is arranged in the water tank, and electronic weighing meters are arranged at the bottoms of the cement material bin, the fly ash material bin, and the water reducer material bin;

[0009] A filtration system, the filtration system includes a paste slurry storage tank, a filter screen, and a vibrator. The paste slurry storage tank is connected to the secondary mixer through a second screw conveyor. A filter screen is arranged above the paste slurry storage tank, and a vibrator is arranged on the filter screen;

[0010] A grouting system, the grouting system includes a grouting pipe and a mortar pump. The mortar pump is connected to the paste slurry storage tank. A pressure gauge and an automatic regulating valve are arranged on the mortar pump. The automatic regulating valve is connected to the grouting pipe, and an automatic pipe pulling machine is arranged on the grouting pipe;

[0011] A computer control system, the computer control system is respectively connected to the glass tube liquid level gauge, the electronic weighing meter, the pressure gauge, and the automatic pipe pulling machine.

[0012] Preferably, a high-definition camera is arranged on the mortar pump. The high-definition camera is used to collect paste slurry image information. The high-definition camera is connected to the computer control system, and the computer control system intelligently adjusts the paste slurry ratio and the operating parameters of the mortar pump through machine learning.

[0013] The present invention combines artificial intelligence and precisely and automatically adjusts the paste slurry ratio and the operating parameters of the mortar pump through machine learning to ensure that the flow rate, grouting pressure, and quality of the paste slurry are in the best state.

[0014] Preferably, both the cement slurry mixer and the secondary mixer adopt double-shaft screw mixers.

[0015] The use of double-shaft screw mixers solves the problems of uneven mixing and low efficiency of traditional single-shaft mixers when dealing with high-viscosity paste slurries, can improve the uniformity of fly ash and cement in the paste slurry, and is suitable for high-concentration grouting.

[0016] Preferably, the grouting pipe is designed in a segmented manner, and each segment is connected through a quick-connect interface.

[0017] The segmented design of the grouting pipe and its connection through a quick-connect interface facilitate quick disassembly and connection.

[0018] Preferably, the filter screen has a double-layer structure, including an upper mesh sheet and a lower mesh sheet. The upper mesh sheet has larger pores, and the lower mesh sheet has smaller pores.

[0019] The double-layer design of the filter screen improves the filtering effect of lumps, ensures the quality of the paste slurry, and can effectively prevent the blockage of the grouting pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the filtration system further includes a slag collection tank and a slag discharge tank. A number of springs are provided on the paste slurry storage tank. The top of the springs is connected to the filter screen. A vibrator support is fixed on the filter screen. The vibrator is fixed on the vibrator support. The edge of the filter screen is fixed with a slag collection tank, and the corner of the slag collection tank is connected with a slag discharge tank.

[0021] The spring design can improve the filtering effect of the filter screen, and the slag collection tank and the slag discharge tank can directly collect the lumpy substances quickly.

[0022] The present invention also provides a paste slurry grouting method based on concentration and pressure regulation in karst areas, including the following steps:

[0023] S1. Preparation work before grouting in the construction area;

[0024] S2. High-concentration grouting. First, according to the geological characteristics of the karst area, input the preset paste slurry ratio into the computer control system. The slurry mixing system automatically performs the first slurry mixing. The prepared paste slurry is filtered by the filtration system and then stored in the paste slurry storage tank. Connect the grouting pipe to the karst pores for grouting;

[0025] S3. Low-concentration grouting. When the high-concentration grouting is about to end, perform the second slurry mixing in the same way. The concentration of the second slurry mixing is lower than that of the first slurry mixing. After the high-concentration grouting ends, start the low-concentration grouting. When performing the low-concentration grouting, the grouting pressure of the mortar pump is greater than that during the high-concentration grouting;

[0026] S4. Low-concentration grouting. After the low-concentration grouting ends and solidifies for 24 hours, perform the third slurry mixing in the same way. The concentration of the third slurry mixing is lower than that of the second slurry mixing. After the slurry mixing ends, start the low-concentration grouting. When performing the low-concentration grouting, the grouting pressure of the mortar pump is higher than that during the low-concentration grouting;

[0027] S5. Use ground penetrating radar to detect the grouting quality. If the grouting does not meet the standard, carry out supplementary grouting to ensure the grouting quality;

[0028] After the supplementary grouting is completed and the inspection meets the standards, clean and inspect all the equipment in the grouting system;

[0029] S7. Perform machine learning on the image information collected during the grouting process through the computer control system to optimize and adjust the grouting plan.

[0030] Preferably, the preparatory work before grouting in step S1 includes: conducting a geological survey of the construction area to understand conditions such as soil, rock type, pore structure, groundwater level, etc., and analyzing the pore distribution and size of the geological layer; removing sundries, obstacles, waste, etc. in the construction area to ensure the smooth entry and installation of equipment; assembling and debugging the equipment of the grouting system.

[0031] Preferably, in the higher-concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.6:0.07, and the grouting pressure is set at 0.2 Mpa; in the lower-concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.7:0.06, and the grouting pressure is set at 0.3 Mpa; in the low-concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.64:0.05, and the grouting pressure is set at 0.4 Mpa.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. By adopting a grouting method with hierarchical regulation of concentration and pressure, the present invention can fill different pore structures, and can significantly improve the density, strength and uniformity of perfusion.

[0034] 2. In the grouting system of the present invention, a negative-pressure pneumatic conveying device is used to convey cement, fly ash and water reducer. The negative pressure effect of the air flow is used to convey cement and fly ash to the mixer, which can effectively avoid material leakage, caking and uneven conveying, and improve the mixing efficiency.

[0035] 3. The present invention uses a double-shaft spiral mixer to solve the problems of uneven mixing and low efficiency of traditional single-shaft mixers when dealing with high-viscosity slurries, can improve the uniformity of fly ash and cement in the slurry, and is suitable for high-concentration slurries.

[0036] 4. The present invention uses a screw conveyor for conveying, effectively solving the problems of possible unsmooth conveying and blockage during the conveying of high-concentration paste slurries, improving the stability during the conveying of paste slurries, being suitable for continuous conveying of paste slurries with a higher consistency. The continuous stirring effect of the screw conveyor can avoid material precipitation, ensure that the material always remains in a uniform state during the conveying process, and avoid the occurrence of pipe blockage problems.

[0037] 5. By setting up a double filter and equipping it with a vibrator, the present invention can effectively prevent caked substances from entering the grouting pipeline. The different pore sizes of the double-layer filter help to filter caked materials of different sizes in layers, and the vibration generated by the vibrator can timely shake off the caked substances in the filter net, thus avoiding the problem of pipe blockage and improving the reliability and stability of paste grouting.

[0038] 6. The present invention combines an electronic weighing scale, a glass tube level gauge, a pressure gauge, an automatic regulating valve, a computer control system and an automatic pipe pulling machine to realize the intelligent control of the grouting process. The pressure gauge monitors the pipeline pressure of the grouting pipe in real time, and the computer control system automatically adjusts the conveying pressure of the mortar pump to keep it within a suitable range to ensure the stability of the grouting process. Through machine learning, the paste ratio is intelligently adjusted. At the same time, the automatic pipe pulling machine precisely controls the pulling speed through a servo motor and sets a tension warning value to prevent equipment damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grouting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grouting pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Reference numerals: 1. Water tank; 2. Cement material bin; 3. Fly ash material bin; 4. Water reducing agent material bin; 5. Cement slurry mixer; 6. Secondary mixer; 7. Centrifugal pump; 8. Glass tube level gauge; 9. Water delivery pipe; 10. First screw conveyor; 11. First pneumatic conveying pipe; 12. Second pneumatic conveying pipe; 13. Third pneumatic conveying pipe; 14. Vacuum negative pressure pump; 15. First electronic weighing scale; 16. Second electronic weighing scale; 17. Third electronic weighing scale; 18. Paste storage tank; 19. Filter net; 20. Vibrator; 21. Second screw conveyor; 22. Spring; 23. Slag collection tank; 24. Slag discharge tank; 25. Vibrator support; 26. Grouting pipe; 26-1. Rubber protective layer; 26-2. Fixed strip; 26-3. Wire mesh sheet; 27. Mortar pump; 28. Pressure gauge; 29. Automatic regulating valve; 30. Automatic pipe pulling machine; 31. Computer control system; 32. High-definition camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] As shown Figure 1 in the figure, a grouting system and grouting method in karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation include a slurry preparation system, a filtration system, a grouting system, and a computer control system.

[0045] 1. Slurry preparation system: The slurry preparation system includes a water tank 1, a cement material bin 2, a fly ash material bin 3, a water reducer material bin 4, a cement slurry mixer 5, and a secondary mixer 6. A centrifugal pump 7 and a glass level gauge 8 are arranged in the water tank. The centrifugal pump 7 is connected to the cement slurry mixer 5 through a water delivery pipe 9. The cement material bin 2 is connected to the cement slurry mixer 5 through a first pneumatic conveying pipe 11. The cement slurry mixer 5 is connected to the secondary mixer 6 through a first screw conveyor 10. The fly ash material bin 3 and the water reducer material bin 4 are respectively connected to the secondary mixer 6 through a second pneumatic conveying pipe 12 and a third pneumatic conveying pipe 13. Vacuum negative pressure pumps 14 are arranged on the first pneumatic conveying pipe 11, the second pneumatic conveying pipe 12, and the third pneumatic conveying pipe 13. First electronic weighing meters 15, second electronic weighing meters 16, and third electronic weighing meters 17 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the cement material bin 2, the fly ash material bin 3, and the water reducer material bin 4.

[0046] The water and cement are respectively conveyed to the cement slurry mixer 5 through the centrifugal pump 7 and the first pneumatic conveying pipe 11 for stirring. After the stirring is completed, the cement slurry is conveyed to the secondary mixer 6 through the first screw conveyor 10. The fly ash and the water reducer are respectively conveyed to the secondary mixer 6 through the second pneumatic conveying pipe 12 and the third pneumatic conveying pipe 13 and mixed and stirred with the cement slurry. The electronic weighing meters arranged at the bottoms of the cement material bin 2, the fly ash material bin 3, and the water reducer material bin 4 are used to accurately control the slurry ratio.

[0047] In this embodiment, both the cement slurry mixer 5 and the secondary mixer 6 adopt double - shaft screw mixers, and the motors are selected as variable - frequency speed - regulating motors. The variable - frequency speed - regulating motors can automatically adjust the rotation speed according to the viscosity of the slurry, avoiding bubbles or overheating caused by too fast stirring and ensuring the stability of the stirring process.

[0048] 2. Filtration system: The filtration system includes a paste slurry storage tank 18, a filter screen 19, and a vibrator 20. The paste slurry storage tank 18 is connected to the secondary mixer 6 through a second screw conveyor 21. A number of springs 22 with different lengths are arranged on the paste slurry storage tank 18. The springs 22 have a certain strength. The top of the spring 22 is inclined and fixedly connected with the filter screen 19. The filter screen 19 has a double - layer structure, including an upper mesh sheet and a lower mesh sheet. The upper mesh sheet has large pores with a pore diameter of 5 mm, and the lower mesh sheet has small pores with a pore diameter of 2 mm. The mesh size can be adjusted according to the actual situation. A vibrator support 25 is fixed on the filter screen 19, the vibrator 20 is fixed on the vibrator support 25, a slag collection tank 23 is fixed at the edge of the filter screen 19, and a slag discharge tank 24 is connected at the corners of the two slag collection tanks 23.

[0049] The filtering system can filter the paste in the pulp preparation system, filter out agglomerated substances, and prevent the grouting pipe 26 from being blocked during grouting. Under the action of the vibrator 20, the paste is filtered through the filter screen 19 to remove agglomerated substances. The agglomerates are discharged and collected through the slag collection tank 23 and the slag discharge tank 24, ensuring the compactness of grouting.

[0050] 3. Grouting system. The grouting system includes a grouting pipe 26 and a mortar pump 27. The mortar pump 27 is connected to the paste storage tank 18. A pressure gauge 28 and an automatic regulating valve 29 are provided on the mortar pump 27. The automatic regulating valve 29 is connected to the grouting pipe 26, and an automatic pipe pulling machine 30 is provided on the grouting pipe 26.

[0051] In this embodiment, the grouting pipe 26 is a high-pressure rubber grouting pipe, which is composed of a rubber protective layer 26-1, fixing strips 26-2, and wire mesh sheets 26-3. The outer layer is wrapped with a rubber protective layer 26-1, and the rubber protective layer 26-1 is fixed by the wire mesh sheets 26-3. The outer layer of the wire mesh sheets 26-3 is fixed by the fixing strips 26-2 arranged at intervals; in this embodiment, the grouting pipe 26 adopts a segmented design, and each section is connected by a quick-connect joint, which is convenient for quick disassembly and connection. The interface design includes a thread locking mechanism or a snap lock to ensure stable connection without loosening under high-pressure conditions; in this embodiment, the automatic pipe pulling machine 30 is controlled by a servo motor, and a pulling force warning value is set. It is integrated into the computer control system 31 to automatically adjust the pulling speed. When the grouting pressure is too high, the pulling speed is automatically adjusted. When the pulling force exceeds a certain value during pipe pulling, the system automatically stops the pipe pulling operation to prevent equipment damage.

[0052] 4. Computer control system 31. The computer control system 31 is respectively connected to the glass tube liquid level gauge 8, the first electronic weighing scale 15, the second electronic weighing scale 16, the third electronic weighing scale 17, the pressure gauge 28, and the automatic pipe pulling machine 30 and controls them; and a high-definition camera 32 is provided on the mortar pump 27. The high-definition camera 32 is used to collect the image information of the paste, and the high-definition camera 32 is also connected to the computer control system 31, so that the computer control system 31 performs machine learning on the paste ratio and the operating parameters of the mortar pump 27. Through machine learning, the paste ratio and the operating parameters of the mortar pump 27 are automatically and accurately adjusted to ensure that the flow rate, grouting pressure, and paste quality of the paste are in the best state.

[0053] A paste grouting method in karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Preparation work before grouting in the construction area;

[0055] S11: Conduct a detailed geological survey of the construction area to understand conditions such as soil, rock type, pore structure, groundwater level, etc., and analyze the pore distribution and size of the strata.

[0056] S12: Remove sundries, obstacles, waste, etc. within the construction area to ensure that equipment can enter and be installed smoothly.

[0057] S13: Assemble and debug the equipment to ensure that each construction equipment can operate normally, and the interface between each equipment and the pipeline is firmly connected. After the grouting pipe 26 is installed, conduct airtightness and watertightness tests to ensure no slurry leakage. After the equipment is installed, conduct a pressure test with a test pressure of 0.2 MPa to ensure that the grouting pipe 26 and the equipment can withstand the normal working pressure.

[0058] S2. High-concentration grouting

[0059] S21: According to the geological characteristics of the karst area, input the preset paste slurry ratio into the computer control system 31 for slurry preparation. For the first perfusion, use high-concentration paste slurry with a mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer of 1:1:1.6:0.07. First, transport water and cement to the cement slurry mixer 5 with a cement transport pressure of 0.2 - 0.5 MPa, and then start the cement slurry mixer 5 with a stirring speed of 60 r / min to ensure uniform mixing of the slurry.

[0060] S22: The mixed cement slurry is transported to the secondary mixer 6 through the first screw conveyor 10, and fly ash and water reducer are transported to the secondary mixer 6 according to the design ratio with a transport pressure of 0.2 - 0.5 MPa. Start the secondary mixer 6 for mixing, with the rotation speed of the secondary mixer 6 set at 40 - 60 r / min, and automatically adjust the rotation speed of the secondary mixer 6 according to the viscosity of the paste slurry to prevent excessive stirring from generating bubbles or overheating of the slurry. The mixing time is 5 - 10 minutes until the slurry reaches a uniform state.

[0061] S23: The mixed paste slurry enters the filtration system through the second screw conveyor 21. The vibration frequency of the vibrator 20 is set at 20 - 30 times per minute, and the vibration time is 1 - 2 minutes to ensure that impurities can be completely removed. And through the inclined design of the filter screen 19, ensure that lumps can be removed smoothly.

[0062] S24: The filtered paste falls into the paste storage tank and is injected through a mortar pump. The output pressure of the mortar pump 27 is set to 0.2 MPa to ensure that the paste can be injected stably and efficiently. The flow rate of the mortar pump 27 is set to 20 L / min and adjusted according to on-site requirements. The injection pressure of the mortar pump 27 is monitored in real time by a pressure gauge 28, and the computer control system 31 will automatically adjust the output pressure of the mortar pump 27 to ensure that the pressure remains within the set reasonable range, avoiding uneven grouting or equipment damage caused by too high or too low pressure. When the pressure reaches 0.5 MPa, it lasts for about 10 minutes, and the injection stops according to the pressure detection situation.

[0063] S25: During the grouting process, the automatic pipe extractor 30 controls the pipe extraction speed through a servo motor. The pipe extraction speed is set to 0.1 - 0.3 m / min to ensure a smooth pipe extraction process without causing damage to the pipes and equipment. The automatic pipe extractor 30 is equipped with a tension sensor to monitor the tension required during the pipe extraction process in real time. When the tension exceeds the set warning value of 200 - 300 N, the system will automatically stop the pipe extraction operation to avoid equipment damage or construction safety problems.

[0064] S3. Lower concentration grouting

[0065] After 5 hours of higher concentration grouting, start preparing the paste with a lower concentration. The mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.7:0.06. During the injection, the injection pressure is set to 0.3 MPa, the flow rate of the mortar pump 27 is set to 30 L / min, and adjusted according to on-site requirements. When the injection pressure reaches 0.5 MPa, it lasts for about 10 minutes, and the injection stops according to the pressure change situation.

[0066] S4. Low concentration grouting

[0067] After the higher concentration and lower concentration grouting are completed and left to solidify for 24 hours, carry out low concentration grouting with the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer being 1:1:1.64:0.05, and set the injection pressure to 0.4 Mpa.

[0068] S5. Use ground penetrating radar to detect the grouting quality. If the grouting does not meet the standard, carry out supplementary grouting to ensure the grouting quality.

[0069] After the grouting is completed, clean the grouting equipment, including equipment such as the mortar pump 27, the injection pipe 26, the cement slurry mixer 5, and the secondary mixer 6, to prevent blockage, corrosion, and equipment damage. Check the equipment to confirm whether there are problems such as wear. Clean the construction site, remove unnecessary materials, waste, and equipment to ensure the site is clean and tidy.

[0070] S7. Machine learning is performed on the image information collected during the grouting process through the computer control system to optimize and adjust the grouting plan.

[0071] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation, characterized in that: include: A slurry preparation system, the slurry preparation system comprises a water tank, a cement material bin, a fly ash material bin, a water reducing agent material bin, a cement slurry mixer, and a secondary mixer. A centrifugal pump is arranged in the water tank, the centrifugal pump is connected to the cement slurry mixer through a water pipe, the cement material bin is connected to the cement slurry mixer through a first pneumatic conveying pipe, the cement slurry mixer is connected to the secondary mixer through a first screw conveyor, the fly ash material bin and the water reducing agent material bin are connected to the secondary mixer through a second pneumatic conveying pipe and a third pneumatic conveying pipe respectively, the first pneumatic conveying pipe, the second pneumatic conveying pipe, and the third pneumatic conveying pipe are all provided with a vacuum negative pressure pump, a glass tube liquid level gauge is arranged in the water tank, and electronic weighing meters are arranged at the bottom of the cement material bin, the fly ash material bin, and the water reducing agent bin; A filtration system, wherein the filtration system comprises a paste storage box, a filter screen, and a vibrator. The paste storage box is connected to the secondary mixer via a second screw conveyor. A filter screen is provided above the paste storage box, and a vibrator is provided on the filter screen. A grouting system, the grouting system comprising a grouting pipe and a mortar pump, the mortar pump being connected to the paste slurry storage box, the mortar pump being provided with a pressure gauge and an automatic regulating valve, the automatic regulating valve being connected to the grouting pipe, and the grouting pipe being provided with an automatic pipe pulling machine; A computer control system is provided, wherein the computer control system is respectively connected to the glass tube level gauge, the electronic weighing meter, the pressure gauge and the automatic tube pulling machine.

2. The grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mortar pump is provided with a high-definition camera for collecting slurry image information. The high-definition camera is connected to a computer control system, and the computer control system intelligently adjusts the slurry ratio and the mortar pump operating parameters through machine learning.

3. The grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cement slurry mixer and the secondary mixer both adopt double-shaft screw mixers.

4. The grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting pipe adopts a segmented design, and each segment is connected by a quick-connect interface.

5. The grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen has a double-layer structure, including an upper mesh sheet and a lower mesh sheet, wherein the upper mesh sheet has large pores and the lower mesh sheet has small pores.

6. The grouting system for karst areas based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The filtration system also includes a slag collecting trough and a slag discharging trough. A plurality of springs are arranged on the slurry storage box. A filter screen is connected to the top of the spring. An exciter bracket is fixed on the filter screen. The exciter is fixed on the exciter bracket. A slag collecting trough is fixed on the edge of the filter screen. A slag discharging trough is connected to the corner of the slag collecting trough.

7. A grouting method for a grouting system in a karst area based on concentration and pressure regulation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation work before grouting in the construction area; S2. Grouting with a relatively high concentration, firstly, inputting a preset slurry ratio into the computer control system according to the geological characteristics of the karst area, the slurry mixing system automatically performs the first slurry mixing, the prepared slurry is filtered by the filtering system and then stored in the slurry storage box, and the grouting pipe is connected to the karst pores for grouting; S3. Grouting at a lower concentration, when the grouting at a higher concentration is about to end, the second grouting is carried out using the same method, the concentration of the second grouting is lower than the concentration of the first grouting, and the grouting at a lower concentration is started after the grouting at a higher concentration is completed, and the grouting pressure of the mortar pump during the grouting at a lower concentration is greater than the grouting pressure during the grouting at a higher concentration; S4. Low-concentration grouting: After the low-concentration grouting is completed and solidified for 24 hours, the third grouting is carried out using the same method. The concentration of the third grouting is lower than that of the second grouting. After the grouting is completed, low-concentration grouting begins. During low-concentration grouting, the grouting pressure of the mortar pump is higher than that of the low-concentration grouting. S5. Use geological radar to detect the grouting quality. If the grouting does not meet the standards, carry out supplementary grouting to ensure the grouting quality; S6. After the supplementary grouting is completed and tested to meet the standards, all equipment in the grouting system shall be cleaned and inspected; S7. The image information collected during the grouting process is used for machine learning through a computer control system to optimize and adjust the grouting plan.

8. The grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparatory work before grouting in step S1 includes: conducting geological survey of the construction area to understand the soil, rock type, pore structure, groundwater level and other conditions, and analyzing the pore distribution and size of the geological layer; clearing debris, obstacles, waste, etc. in the construction area to ensure smooth entry and installation of equipment; and assembling and debugging the grouting system.

9. The grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In higher concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.6:0.07, and the grouting pressure is set to 0.2Mpa; in lower concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.7:0.06, and the grouting pressure is set to 0.3Mpa; in low concentration grouting, the mass ratio of cement: water: fly ash: water reducer is 1:1:1.64:0.05, and the grouting pressure is set to 0.4Mpa.

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