Blowout preventer for oil exploitation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation equipment, in particular to an oil exploitation blowout preventer which comprises a smashing module composed of a main body module and a cone crusher. The crushing cone is driven by the eccentric shaft to periodically swing, large particles are crushed by combining the gap change of the rolling mortar wall, and meanwhile, the pressure of drilling fluid is reduced by utilizing the inclined plane design; an engine and fluid pressure driving dual-power system is adopted, and energy consumption is remarkably reduced. According to the oil exploitation blowout preventer, pipeline blockage and gate damage can be effectively prevented, and the safety of drilling operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction equipment, and particularly to a blowout preventer for oil extraction used in drilling fluid treatment, which can effectively prevent blowout accidents by crushing large particles in the drilling fluid and reducing the fluid pressure. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling process of oil extraction, the drilling fluid in the wellbore often contains particles, and there are large particles among these particles. These large particles have a certain probability of blocking the pipeline during the transportation of the drilling fluid, resulting in blowout accidents.

[0003] Currently, the methods for dealing with large particles in drilling fluid include solid-liquid separation equipment and chemical reagent treatment. Solid-liquid separation equipment (such as vibrating screens and hydrocyclone desanders) has problems such as low efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor adaptability; chemical reagent treatment has high costs and may pollute the environment. There are also many unavoidable problems with chemical reagent treatment, including easy introduction of new impurities, high costs, and possible impacts on the environment.

[0004] In addition, excessive drilling fluid pressure is likely to damage the gate structure, further increasing the blowout risk. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a blowout prevention device with high efficiency, low energy consumption, and the ability to reduce fluid pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a blowout preventer for oil extraction, which can crush large particles in the drilling fluid and reduce the fluid pressure, having the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption, and more effectively preventing blowout.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is: a blowout preventer for oil extraction, which is characterized in that:

[0007] It includes a main body module and a crushing module,

[0008] The main body module includes a blowout prevention box and a delivery port;

[0009] The crushing module is a cone crusher, and the cone crusher is connected to the main body module through the delivery port;

[0010] The cone crusher includes a crushing chamber, a crushing cone, an eccentric shaft, and a power system; the crushing cone is arranged inside the crushing chamber, the inner wall of the crushing chamber is a bowl liner, the conical surface of the crushing cone is a mantle, and the power system drives the eccentric shaft to drive the crushing cone to perform periodic eccentric rotational motion.

[0011] Preferably, the power system includes a first power driven by an engine.

[0012] Preferably, the power system further includes a second power provided by a horizontal impeller driven by the drilling fluid pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the horizontal impeller is driven by the crushed drilling fluid pressure and transmits power to the eccentric shaft through gear meshing.

[0014] Preferably, the engine drives the eccentric shaft to move through the main shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a large bevel gear is provided on the main shaft, and a small bevel gear is provided at the end of the horizontal impeller, and the large bevel gear meshes with the small bevel gear.

[0016] The drilling fluid enters the crushing chamber through the delivery port and falls onto the crushing cone under the action of gravity. The cone rotates driven by the eccentric shaft. During the rotation, the gap between the crushing cone and the crushing wall decreases, and the large particles are squeezed and ground, and finally crushed into fine particles. This can not only improve the treatment effect but also improve the treatment efficiency. The cone crusher has two powers. One is provided by the engine, which gives power to the bottom crushing cone to drive the eccentric shaft to rotate, and the eccentric shaft drives the cone to rotate; the other is that the drilling fluid after being crushed by the cone drives the bottom horizontal impeller, and the horizontal impeller starts to rotate after receiving the pressure, and can also drive the vertically arranged gear at the bottom to rotate. This method can reduce energy consumption. The surface area of the inclined surface of the cone is relatively large, and the drilling fluid falling on the inclined surface of the cone can reduce part of the pressure, thereby reducing the pressure of the drilling fluid on the gate and finally reducing the occurrence of blowout accidents.

[0017] Preferably, the gap between the crushing cone and the bowl liner is 3 - 9 mm, and the gap size is periodically adjusted by the eccentric shaft to crush the particulate matter.

[0018] Preferably, the main shaft is supported by a bowl-shaped bearing bush.

[0019] Preferably, the outlet end of the delivery port is connected to the upper part of the crushing chamber.

[0020] Preferably, it is located at the bottom of the cone crusher, and the main shaft is located at the center of the cone crusher.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention:

[0022] The blowout preventer for oil extraction proposed by the present invention can effectively prevent pipeline blockage by driving the crushing cone to swing periodically through the eccentric shaft and combining the change of the gap between the bowl liner to crush large particulate matter;

[0023] The blowout preventer for oil extraction proposed by the present invention reduces energy consumption through a dual power system; the crushed drilling fluid pushes the horizontal impeller to rotate to supplement power and reduce energy consumption;

[0024] The blowout preventer for oil extraction proposed by the present invention, when the drilling fluid falls onto the inclined surface of the cone, the pressure is dispersed due to the increased surface area, reducing the impact on the gate and the risk of gate damage;

[0025] The blowout preventer for oil extraction proposed by the present invention has a compact structure, strong adaptability, and low maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the blowout preventer for oil extraction of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the cone crusher;

[0028] Figure 3 is another view of the blowout preventer for oil extraction.

[0029] Wherein: 1, blowout preventer box, 2, delivery port, 3, engine, 4, crushing chamber, 5, crushing cone, 6, main shaft, 7, eccentric shaft, 8, bowl-shaped bearing bush, 9, large bevel gear, 10, small bevel gear, 11, horizontal gear, 12, crushing wall, 13, mantle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] See Figures 1 - 3 , the present invention proposes a blowout preventer for oil extraction, including a main body module and a crushing module,

[0032] The main body module includes a blowout preventer box 1 and a delivery port 2; the crushing module is a cone crusher, and the cone crusher is connected to the main body module through the delivery port 2; the cone crusher includes a crushing chamber 4, a crushing cone 5, an eccentric shaft 7, and a power system; the crushing cone 5 is arranged inside the crushing chamber 4, the inner wall of the crushing chamber 4 is a mantle 13, the conical surface of the crushing cone 5 is a crushing wall 12, and the power system drives the eccentric shaft 7 to drive the crushing cone 5 to perform periodic eccentric rotational motion. The outlet end of the delivery port 2 is connected to the upper part of the crushing chamber 4.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, seeFigure 1 , the power system includes a first power driven by the engine 3 and a second power provided by the horizontal impeller 11 driven by the drilling fluid pressure.

[0034] Specifically, the horizontal impeller 11 is driven by the crushed drilling fluid pressure, and the power is transmitted to the eccentric shaft 7 through gear meshing. The engine 3 drives the eccentric shaft 7 to move through the main shaft 6. The main shaft 6 is located at the center of the cone crusher and is supported by the bowl-shaped bearing bush 8. A large bevel gear 9 is provided on the main shaft 6, and a small bevel gear 10 is provided at the end of the horizontal impeller 11, and the large bevel gear 9 meshes with the small bevel gear 10.

[0035] Preferably, the engine 3 is located at the bottom of the cone crusher, and the horizontal impeller 11 is located on one side of the bottom of the cone crusher.

[0036] Preferably, the gap between the crushing cone 5 and the mantle 13 is 3-9 mm, and the gap size is periodically adjusted by the eccentric shaft 7 to crush the particulate matter.

[0037] For the blowout preventer for oil extraction proposed by the present invention, the engine 3 is located at the bottom of the cone crusher and is connected to the eccentric shaft 7 through a transmission device. The crushing chamber is composed of the mantle 13 and the crushing wall 12. The crushing wall 12 is located on the surface of the cone, the mantle 13 is located above the crushing wall 12, and there is a certain space between the crushing wall 12 and the mantle 13. The main shaft 6 is located at the center of the cone crusher. The crushing cone 5 is connected to the main shaft 6 through the eccentric shaft 7. The bowl-shaped bearing bush 8 supports the main shaft 6. The large bevel gear 9 is installed on the main shaft 6, and the small bevel gear 10 meshes with the large bevel gear 9. The bottom vertical and horizontal impeller 11 are located below the device; the rotation of the engine 3 is transmitted to the eccentric shaft 7 through the transmission device, causing the eccentric shaft 7 to perform periodic eccentric rotational motion. The main shaft 6 drives the rotation of the eccentric shaft 7 and the cone to swing, thereby realizing the crushing of the material. The meshing of the large bevel gear 9 and the small bevel gear 10 realizes the transmission of power and the change of rotational speed. The horizontal impeller 11 can apply power to the device.

[0038] During the drilling process, under the action of high pressure, the drilling fluid returns and adheres Figure 1After passing through the main body module in [description], it enters the cone crusher through the conveying port 2. Under the action of gravity, the drilling fluid falls onto the inclined surface of the crushing cone 5, and the pressure of the drilling fluid decreases. The cone crusher is first powered by the engine 3. The crushing cone 5 rotates eccentrically driven by the eccentric shaft 7, and the gap between it and the mantle 13 decreases. The distance interval between the crushing cone 5 and the mantle 13 is 3 - 9 mm. Large particles cannot directly pass through on the side where the distance becomes larger, and the large particles are crushed on the side where the distance becomes smaller. The crushed drilling fluid falls to the horizontal impeller 11, presses the horizontal impeller 11, causing it to rotate, and further drives the operation of the cone crusher to provide the second power. The energy consumption is reduced through a dual power system; the crushed drilling fluid pushes the horizontal impeller to rotate, supplementing power to reduce energy consumption.

[0039] The crushed drilling fluid will not block the conveying pipeline during subsequent transportation, effectively reducing the occurrence of blowout accidents. The pressure of the drilling fluid is reduced at the inclined surface of the cone, so when the drilling fluid reaches the gate, the probability of deforming, cracking, or damaging the gate decreases, and the probability of a blowout accident also decreases.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only the best implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer for oil production, characterized in that: Including the main module and the crushing module, The main body module comprises a blowout prevention box (1) and a delivery port (2); The crushing module is a cone crusher, and the cone crusher is connected to the main module via a conveying port (2); The cone crusher comprises a crushing chamber (4), a crushing cone (5), an eccentric shaft (7) and a power system; the crushing cone (5) is arranged inside the crushing chamber (4), the inner wall of the crushing chamber (4) is a mortar wall (13), the conical surface of the crushing cone (5) is a crushing wall (12), and the power system drives the eccentric shaft (7) to drive the crushing cone (5) to perform periodic eccentric rotational motion.

2. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system comprises a first power driven by an engine (3).

3. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power system also includes a second power provided by a horizontal impeller (11) driven by drilling fluid pressure.

4. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal impeller (11) is driven by the drilling hydraulic pressure after the pulverization, and transmits power to the eccentric shaft (7) through gear meshing.

5. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The engine (3) drives the eccentric shaft (7) to move via the main shaft (6).

6. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A large bevel gear (9) is provided on the main shaft (6), and a small bevel gear (10) is provided at the end of the horizontal impeller (11), and the large bevel gear (9) is meshed with the small bevel gear (10).

7. The oil production blowout preventer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The gap between the crushing cone (5) and the mortar wall (13) is 3-9 mm, and the size of the gap is periodically adjusted by the eccentric shaft (7) to crush the particles.

8. The oil production blowout preventer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main shaft (6) is supported by a bowl-shaped bearing bush (8).

9. The oil production blowout preventer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The outlet end of the conveying port (2) is connected to the upper part of the crushing chamber (4).

10. The oil production blowout preventer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The engine (3) is located at the bottom of the cone crusher, and the main shaft (6) is located at the center of the cone crusher.

Images