Slurry circulation working method in vertical tunneling
By using a power generation and pressure reducing device to convert mud pressure energy into electricity in vertical excavation, the problem of energy waste in traditional technology is solved, and the recycling of energy and the reduction of equipment power demand is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510193742.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
AI Technical Summary
In vertical excavation construction, traditional mud systems need to reduce the mud pressure through pressure reducing valves or throttling devices during high-pressure formation operation to avoid blowouts or instability of the well wall, resulting in the dissipation of the pressure differential energy into heat or vibration, resulting in energy waste.
A mud circulation working method in vertical excavation is adopted, and the mud pressure energy is converted into electrical energy by using a power generation and pressure reduction device, for self-use or energy storage of equipment, and energy recycling is realized. The method includes installing a power generation and decompression device in the connecting pipe, and achieving decompression of the mud pressure and power generation of electric energy through a combination of the pressure reduction device and the power generation of the power generation device.
By converting mud pressure energy into electricity, energy recycling is achieved, energy waste is reduced, equipment power demand is reduced, especially during construction in remote areas, and power supply costs are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN120042602A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vertical tunneling equipment, and particularly to a method for working of mud circulation in vertical tunneling. Background Art
[0002] In vertical tunneling construction, a mud circulation system is used to transport cuttings, stabilize the wellbore and cool the drill bit. When the traditional mud system operates in a high-pressure formation, a pressure reducing valve or a throttling device is required to reduce the mud pressure to avoid blowout or wellbore instability. However, in the prior art, the pressure difference energy generated during the pressure reduction process is usually dissipated in the form of heat energy or vibration, resulting in energy waste. In addition, the power demand of vertical tunneling equipment (such as a shaft tunneling machine) is relatively high, especially when constructing in remote areas, the power supply cost is high.
[0003] Therefore, a method for working of mud circulation in vertical tunneling that can solve the above problems is needed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for working of mud circulation in vertical tunneling according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The working method utilizes a mud circulation system, which consists of a slurry inlet pipe, a slurry outlet pipe, a connecting pipe and a power generation and pressure reduction device. By using the power generation and pressure reduction device, the mud pressure energy is converted into electric energy for self-use or energy storage of the equipment, realizing the recycling of energy.
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A method for working of mud circulation in vertical tunneling, the working method comprising: The mud enters the connecting pipe from the slurry inlet pipe and enters the slurry outlet pipe through the connecting pipe to form a circulation; Wherein, the connecting pipe is composed of a first main channel, a second main channel, a first branch channel, a second branch channel and a third branch channel. The first main channel is communicated with the second main channel through the first branch channel, the second branch channel and the third branch channel respectively. The first branch channel and the second branch channel are oppositely arranged and the third branch channel is arranged between the first branch channel and the second branch channel. The first main channel, the second main channel and the third branch channel are all vertically arranged. The first branch channel and the second branch channel both include a first horizontal section, a vertical section and a second horizontal section. The two ends of the vertical section are respectively connected with the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section. A power generation and pressure reduction device is installed inside the connecting pipe. The power generation and pressure reduction device includes a pressure reduction device and a power generation device. The pressure reduction device is installed at the communication part of the first main channel, the first branch channel, the second branch channel and the third branch channel. The power generation device is installed in the first branch channel and the second branch channel; When the mud enters the connecting pipe, the following two flow paths occur: The first flow path: The mud enters the third branch through the pressure reducing device and enters the slurry discharge pipe through the second main channel; The second flow path: The mud enters the first branch and the second branch respectively, drives the power generation device to generate electricity, and enters the second main channel through the first branch and the second branch respectively, and enters the slurry discharge pipe through the second main channel.
[0006] The pressure reducing device includes a sealing block, a spring, a fixing ring and a plugging column. The sealing block is arranged at the connection of the first main channel, the first branch, the second branch and the third branch. The fixing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the third branch. The plugging column has at least two circles. The plugging columns in the same circle are connected by a circumferential connecting piece, and the plugging columns in adjacent circles are connected by a radial connecting piece. The outermost plugging column is connected to the fixing ring. There are at least two circles of sealing block diversion grooves on the sealing block. The number, position and size of the sealing block diversion grooves respectively correspond to the number, position and size of the plugging columns. A plurality of springs are arranged along the circumference of the sealing block and the fixing ring. The top end of the spring is connected to the bottom of the sealing block, and the bottom end is connected to the top of the fixing ring.
[0007] Sealing rings are arranged on the outer peripheral sides of the sealing block and the plugging column.
[0008] A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are respectively arranged on the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section.
[0009] The power generation device is arranged in the vertical section. The power generation device includes an upper cover, a lower cover, a rotor, a stator, a permanent magnet and a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the centers of the upper cover and the lower cover. The rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft. The permanent magnet is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor. The stator is fixed on the inner wall of the vertical section and an armature winding is arranged inside the stator. Upper cover diversion grooves, lower cover diversion grooves and rotor diversion grooves are respectively formed on the upper cover, the lower cover and the rotor. The upper cover diversion grooves, the lower cover diversion grooves and the rotor diversion grooves all have several circles.
[0010] First protrusions and first grooves are alternately arranged on the inner side of the stator. Second protrusions and second grooves are alternately arranged on the outer side of the permanent magnet. The first protrusions are matched with the second grooves, and the second protrusions are matched with the second grooves.
[0011] A rotating sealing ring is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet.
[0012] Ultrasonic vibrators are arranged on the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe and the slurry discharge pipe.
[0013] The inner walls of the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe, and the slurry outlet pipe, as well as the outside of the power generation and pressure reduction device, are all provided with superhydrophobic coatings.
[0014] In the second flow path, when the slurry enters the second main channel through the first branch channel and the second branch channel, the following two situations occur: a. The slurry flowing out of the first branch channel and the second branch channel directly enters the second main channel; b. The slurry flowing out of the first branch channel and the second branch channel collides with each other and then enters the second main channel.
[0015] The advantages of the present invention are: converting the slurry pressure energy into electrical energy for self-use or energy storage of the equipment, realizing the recycling of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the slurry circulation system of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along A-A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along B-B in Figure 4 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along C-C in Figure 5 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along D-D in Figure 6 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along E-E in As Figures 1 - 6 shown, the marks in the figure are respectively represented as: connecting pipe 1, first main channel 11, second main channel 12, first branch channel 13, second branch channel 14, third branch channel 15, first one-way valve 16, second one-way valve 17, pressure reduction device 2, closing block 21, closing block diversion groove 211, spring 22, fixing ring 23, plugging column 24, circumferential connecting piece 25, radial connecting piece 26, power generation device 3, upper cover 31, upper cover diversion groove 311, lower cover 32, lower cover diversion groove 321, rotor 33, rotor diversion groove 331, stator 34, first protrusion 341, first groove 342, permanent magnet 35, second protrusion 351, second groove 352, rotating shaft 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0017] The features of the present invention and other related features are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry: Embodiment: As Figures 1 - 6As shown in the figure, this embodiment relates to a working method for mud circulation in vertical tunneling, which utilizes a mud circulation system. The mud circulation system includes a feed pipe, a discharge pipe, a connecting pipe 1, and a power generation and pressure reduction device. The two ends of the connecting pipe 1 are respectively connected to the feed pipe and the discharge pipe, and the power generation and pressure reduction device is installed inside the connecting pipe 1 to reduce the pressure of the mud and generate electricity. The working method mainly includes the following steps: The mud enters the connecting pipe 1 from the feed pipe and then enters the discharge pipe through the connecting pipe 1 to form a circulation.
[0018] Among them, the connecting pipe 1 is composed of a first main channel 11, a second main channel 12, a first branch channel 13, a second branch channel 14, and a third branch channel 15. The first main channel 11 is respectively connected to the second main channel 12 through the first branch channel 13, the second branch channel 14, and the third branch channel 15. The first branch channel 13 and the second branch channel 14 are arranged oppositely, and the third branch channel 15 is arranged between the first branch channel 13 and the second branch channel 14. The first main channel 11, the second main channel 12, and the third branch channel 15 are all vertically arranged. The first branch channel 13 and the second branch channel 14 both include a first horizontal section, a vertical section, and a second horizontal section. The two ends of the vertical section are respectively connected to the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section. A first one-way valve 16 and a second one-way valve 17 are respectively arranged on the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section. The first one-way valve 16 only allows the mud to flow in (not to flow out), and the second one-way valve 17 only allows the mud to flow out (not to flow in).
[0019] The power generation and pressure reduction device includes a pressure reduction device 2 and a power generation device 3. The pressure reduction device 2 is installed at the connection of the first main channel 11, the first branch channel 13, the second branch channel 14, and the third branch channel 15, and the power generation device 3 is installed inside the first branch channel 13 and the second branch channel 14.
[0020] The pressure relief device 2 includes a closing block 21, a spring 22, a fixing ring 23 and a plugging column 24. The closing block 21 is arranged at the communication position of the first main channel 11, the first branch channel 13, the second branch channel 14 and the third branch channel 15. The fixing ring 23 is arranged on the inner wall of the third branch channel 15. There are two circles of plugging columns 24, and the plugging columns 24 in the same circle are connected by a circumferential connecting piece 25, and the adjacent circles of plugging columns 24 are connected by a radial connecting piece 26. The outermost circle of plugging columns 24 is connected to the fixing ring 23. There are two circles of closing block diversion grooves 211 on the closing block 21, and the quantity, position and size of the closing block diversion grooves 211 respectively correspond to the quantity, position and size of the plugging columns 24. A plurality of springs 22 are arranged along the circumferences of the closing block 21 and the fixing ring 23. The top end of the spring 22 is connected to the bottom of the closing block 21, and the bottom end is connected to the top of the fixing ring 23. Sealing rings are arranged on the outer circumferential sides of the closing block 21 and the plugging column 24 for sealing. When the pressure of the mud is small, the spring 22 is compressed (to a small extent). At this time, the first horizontal section is completely closed by the closing block 21, and the closing block diversion grooves 211 are not blocked by the plugging columns 24, and the mud can enter the third branch channel 15 through the closing block diversion grooves 211. When the pressure of the mud is large, the spring 22 is compressed (to a large extent). At this time, the first horizontal section is partially closed by the closing block 21 or not closed by the closing block 21 at all, and the closing block diversion grooves 211 are blocked by the plugging columns 24, and the mud cannot enter the third branch channel 15 through the closing block diversion grooves 211, but the mud can enter the first horizontal section and enter the vertical section through the first one-way valve 16.
[0021] The power generation device 3 is disposed within the vertical section. The power generation device 3 includes an upper cover 31, a lower cover 32, a rotor 33, a stator 34, a permanent magnet 35, and a rotating shaft 36. The two ends of the rotating shaft 36 are respectively rotatably connected to the centers of the upper cover 31 and the lower cover 32. The rotor 33 is fixed on the rotating shaft 36. The permanent magnet 35 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the rotor 33. The stator 34 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical section and an armature winding is provided inside the stator 34. The upper cover 31, the lower cover 32, and the rotor 33 are respectively provided with an upper cover flow guide groove 311, a lower cover flow guide groove 321, and a rotor flow guide groove 331. The upper cover flow guide groove 311, the lower cover flow guide groove 321, and the rotor flow guide groove 331 are respectively provided with two circles, two circles, and one circle, and the upper cover flow guide groove 311, the lower cover flow guide groove 321, and the rotor flow guide groove 331 are each provided with at least two turns in the vertical direction. The inner side of the stator 34 is alternately provided with first protrusions 341 and first grooves 342, and the outer side of the permanent magnet 35 is alternately provided with second protrusions 351 and second grooves 352. The first protrusions 341 are engaged with the second grooves 352, and the second protrusions 351 are engaged with the second grooves 342. A rotating seal ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 35 to serve as a seal. The mud sequentially passes through the upper cover flow guide groove 311, the rotor flow guide groove 331, and the lower cover flow guide groove 321 to form a vortex, realizing the rotation of the rotor 33 (permanent magnet 35), thereby realizing power generation. The setting of the second one-way valve 17 can, on the one hand, prevent the mud in the third branch 15 from entering the second horizontal section, and on the other hand, facilitate the outflow of the mud in the second horizontal section. Among them, when the pressure of the mud flowing out from the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 is small, the mud flowing out from the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 can directly enter the second main channel 12; when the pressure of the mud flowing out from the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 is still very large, the mud flowing out from the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 can be counteracted to further reduce the pressure of the mud.
[0022] Ultrasonic vibrators are provided on the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe 1, and the slurry outlet pipe. The ultrasonic vibrators can be installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe 1, and the slurry outlet pipe, or installed on both the outer wall and the inner wall simultaneously. By injecting clean water into the slurry inlet pipe and simultaneously turning on the ultrasonic vibrators, the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe 1, the slurry outlet pipe, and the power generation and pressure reducing device can be cleaned. Superhydrophobic coatings are provided on the inner walls of the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe 1, and the slurry outlet pipe, as well as on the outside of the power generation and pressure reducing device, which can reduce the adhesion of the mud.
[0023] Specifically, when the mud enters the connecting pipe 1, the following two flow paths will occur: The first flow path: The first horizontal section is completely blocked by the blocking block 21, while the blocking block flow guide groove 211 is not blocked by the blocking column 24. The mud enters the third branch 15 through the blocking block flow guide groove 211 and finally enters the slurry outlet pipe through the second main channel 12.
[0024] Second flow path: The first horizontal section is partially blocked by the blocking block 21 or not blocked by the blocking block 21 at all, and the guiding groove 211 of the blocking block is blocked by the blocking column 24. Mud cannot enter the third branch 15 through the guiding groove 211 of the blocking block, but the mud can enter the first horizontal section and enter the vertical section through the first one-way valve 16; the mud passes through the upper cover guiding groove 311, the rotor guiding groove 331 and the lower cover guiding groove 321 in sequence, forming a vortex to realize the rotation of the rotor 33 (permanent magnet 35), thereby realizing power generation; the mud enters the second horizontal section and enters the second main channel 12 through the second one-way valve 17; and enters the slurry outlet pipe through the second main channel 12. Among them, when the mud enters the second main channel 12 through the second one-way valve 17, the following two situations will occur: a. The mud flowing out of the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 directly enters the second main channel 12; b. The mud flowing out of the first branch 13 and the second branch 14 collides with each other and then enters the second main channel 12.
[0025] The beneficial technical effect of this embodiment is: converting the mud pressure energy into electrical energy for the self-use of the equipment or energy storage, and realizing the recycling of energy.
[0026] Although the above embodiments have detailed the concept and embodiments of the object of the present invention with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims. Therefore, they are not elaborated one by one here.
Claims
1. A mud circulation working method in vertical excavation, characterized in that The working method comprises: The slurry enters the connecting pipe from the slurry inlet pipe, and enters the slurry outlet pipe through the connecting pipe, forming a circulation; Wherein, the connecting pipe is composed of a first main channel, a second main channel, a first branch channel, a second branch channel and a third branch channel, the first main channel is connected to the second main channel through the first branch channel, the second branch channel and the third branch channel respectively, the first branch channel and the second branch channel are arranged opposite to each other and the third branch channel is arranged between the first branch channel and the second branch channel; the first main channel, the second main channel and the third branch channel are all arranged vertically, the first branch channel and the second branch channel each include a first horizontal section, a vertical section and a second horizontal section, and the two ends of the vertical section are connected to the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section respectively; a power generation pressure reducing device is installed inside the connecting pipe, the power generation pressure reducing device includes a pressure reducing device and a power generation device, the pressure reducing device is installed at the connection point of the first main channel, the first branch channel, the second branch channel and the third branch channel, and the power generation device is installed in the first branch channel and the second branch channel; When the mud enters the connecting pipe, the following two flow paths appear: The first flow path: the slurry enters the third branch channel through the pressure reducing device, and enters the slurry outlet pipe through the second main channel; The second flow path: the slurry enters the first branch channel and the second branch channel respectively, drives the power generation device to generate electricity, and enters the second main channel through the first branch channel and the second branch channel respectively, and enters the slurry outlet pipe through the second main channel.
2. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The pressure reducing device comprises a closing block, a spring, a fixing ring and a sealing column. The closing block is arranged at the connecting point of the first main channel, the first branch channel, the second branch channel and the third branch channel. The fixing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the third branch channel. The sealing column is provided with at least two circles. The sealing columns in the same circle are connected by annular connecting pieces, and the sealing columns in adjacent circles are connected by radial connecting pieces. The outermost circle of the sealing columns is connected to the fixing ring. At least two circles of closing block guide grooves are provided on the closing block. The number, position and size of the closing block guide grooves correspond to the number, position and size of the sealing columns respectively. A plurality of springs are arranged along the circumference of the closing block and the fixing ring. The top end of the spring is connected to the bottom of the closing block, and the bottom end is connected to the top of the fixing ring.
3. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The outer circumferences of the sealing block and the blocking column are both provided with sealing rings.
4. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are respectively disposed on the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section.
5. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The power generation device is arranged in the vertical section, and the power generation device includes an upper cover, a lower cover, a rotor, a stator, a permanent magnet and a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the center of the upper cover and the lower cover respectively. The rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft, the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor, the stator is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical section and an armature winding is arranged inside the stator. The upper cover, the lower cover and the rotor are respectively provided with an upper cover guide groove, a lower cover guide groove and a rotor guide groove, and the upper cover guide groove, the lower cover guide groove and the rotor guide groove are respectively provided with a plurality of circles.
6. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The inner side of the stator is alternately provided with first protrusions and first grooves, the outer side of the permanent magnet is alternately provided with second protrusions and second grooves, the first protrusion matches with the second groove, and the second protrusion matches with the second groove.
7. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that A rotating sealing ring is provided on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet.
8. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe and the slurry outlet pipe are all provided with ultrasonic vibrators.
9. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The inner walls of the slurry inlet pipe, the connecting pipe and the slurry outlet pipe and the exterior of the power generation and pressure reducing device are all provided with a super-hydrophobic coating.
10. A slurry circulation working method in vertical excavation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In the second flow path, when the mud enters the second main channel through the first branch channel and the second branch channel, the following two situations occur: a. The mud flowing out of the first branch channel and the second branch channel directly enters the second main channel; b. The mud flowing out of the first branch channel and the second branch channel offset each other and then enters the second main channel.