Bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, installation method and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, an installation method and a test method.The device comprises a torsional fatigue testing machine, a wheel center shaft, a hub and a fixing tool, one end of the wheel center shaft is connected with the torsional fatigue testing machine, the other end of the wheel center shaft is provided with an abutting plate, and the abutting plate is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes distributed in the circumferential direction; the hub is arranged on the wheel center shaft in a sleeving mode, one end of the hub abuts against the abutting plate and is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes, and the other end of the hub is provided with a connecting part. The fixing tool is arranged on the hub in a sleeving mode and connected with the connecting part. Wherein when the anti-loose performance test is carried out on the half-shaft bolts, one ends of the plurality of half-shaft bolts penetrate through the first connecting holes and are connected into the second connecting holes. According to the invention, the assembly state of the drive axle is completely simulated through the assembly mode of the half-shaft bolt and the hub, and an alternating load around the circumferential direction is applied to the half-shaft bolt through the torsional fatigue testing machine, so that the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt is verified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, an installation method and a test method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, especially in the field of automobile manufacturing, the reliability of fasteners is crucial. Fasteners such as bolts and nuts are usually used to connect two or more components to ensure the stability and safety of these components during normal operation. During the operation of the car, due to vibration, impact and other mechanical stresses, fasteners may loosen, resulting in failure of the connection between components and even causing serious safety accidents. Therefore, the anti-loosening performance of fasteners has become an important research direction in the field of mechanical engineering.

[0003] The industry standard QC / T293-1999, namely "Automobile Axle Bench Test Method", uses an axle fatigue machine to verify the static torsional strength and torsional fatigue life of the axle itself, but cannot verify the anti-loosening performance of the axle bolts; the national standard GB / T 3098.1, namely the mechanical properties of fasteners, uses test methods to verify the mechanical and physical properties of the fasteners themselves, but cannot verify the anti-loosening performance of the axle bolts; the existing bolt anti-loosening test method on the market simulates high-frequency vibration and realizes stepless amplitude modulation. During the test vibration process, the fasteners test the linear distribution, rectangular distribution and circumferential distribution anti-loosening characteristics of single bolts and bolt groups of different specifications, but cannot verify the anti-loosening performance of the axle bolts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, installation method and test method, aiming to solve the problem that the prior art cannot verify the anti-loosening performance of half-axle bolts.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device is provided, including: a torsional fatigue testing machine, a wheel center shaft, a wheel hub and a fixing tool, one end of the wheel center shaft is connected to the torsional fatigue testing machine, and the other end is provided with an abutment plate, and a plurality of first connecting holes arranged in a circumferential manner are provided on the abutment plate; the wheel hub is sleeved on the wheel center shaft, one end of the wheel hub abuts the abutment plate and is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes, and the other end is provided with a connecting part; the fixing tool is sleeved on the wheel hub and connected to the connecting part; wherein, when the anti-loosening performance test of the half-axle bolts is carried out, one end of the plurality of the half-axle bolts is passed through the first connecting hole and connected to the second connecting hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device also includes: a torque sensor, which is used to detect the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt and obtain torque information.

[0007] Furthermore, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device also includes: a light oscilloscope, which is used to make the torque information explicit.

[0008] Furthermore, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device also includes: a temperature sensor, which is used to detect the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt, and when the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt reaches a preset temperature, the torsional fatigue testing machine is stopped.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for installing a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, comprising:

[0010] Put the wheel hub on the center axis of the wheel;

[0011] Connecting one end of the wheel center axis to a torsional fatigue testing machine;

[0012] Abutting one end of the wheel hub against an abutment plate at the other end of the wheel center axis;

[0013] The fixing tool is sleeved on the wheel hub and connected to the connecting part at the other end of the wheel hub.

[0014] One end of a plurality of half-axle bolts passes through the first connecting hole and is connected to the second connecting hole.

[0015] The present invention also provides a test method of a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, comprising:

[0016] Select several half-axle bolts as test samples;

[0017] A plurality of the half-axle bolts are distributed circumferentially and penetrate the abutment plate at the other end of the wheel center axis and connected to the wheel hub;

[0018] Starting the torsion fatigue testing machine and applying an alternating asymmetric cyclic load;

[0019] The test results are recorded and whether the half-axle bolts are qualified is determined based on the test results.

[0020] Furthermore, after starting the torsional fatigue testing machine and loading with a prescribed test load, the method further includes:

[0021] The real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt is detected by a temperature sensor, and when the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt reaches a preset temperature, the torsion fatigue testing machine is stopped.

[0022] Furthermore, the recording of test results includes:

[0023] Detecting the real-time torque of the half-shaft bolt by a torque sensor and acquiring torque information;

[0024] The torque information is visualized by a light oscilloscope.

[0025] Further, the detecting the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt by a torque sensor and obtaining torque information includes:

[0026] Get the minimum test torque M min =0.1*K 1 *M j / 2;

[0027] Get the maximum test torque M max =1.1*K 1 *M j / 2;

[0028] Get the test alternating load amplitude M a =M j / 2;

[0029] Among them, K 1 is the safety factor, the value is 1.2, M j Calculate the torque for the half-shaft test.

[0030] Further, judging whether the half-axle bolt is qualified according to the test result includes:

[0031] When the number of tests is not less than the preset number of times, and the torque attenuation rate of each half-shaft bolt is not greater than the preset percentage, the half-shaft bolt is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention provides a bench test device, installation method and test method for bolt anti-loosening performance, wherein the device includes: a torsional fatigue testing machine, a wheel center shaft, a wheel hub and a fixing tool, wherein one end of the wheel center shaft is connected to the torsional fatigue testing machine, and the other end is provided with an abutment plate, and a plurality of first connecting holes arranged in a circumferential manner are provided on the abutment plate; the wheel hub is sleeved on the wheel center shaft, one end of the wheel hub abuts the abutment plate and is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes, and the other end is provided with a connecting portion; the fixing tool is sleeved on the wheel hub and connected to the connecting portion; wherein, when the anti-loosening performance test of the half-axle bolts is performed, one end of the plurality of half-axle bolts is passed through the first connecting hole and connected to the second connecting hole. The present invention has multiple half-axle bolts distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the wheel. The assembly method of the half-axle bolts and the wheel hub completely simulates the assembly state of the drive axle. The half-axle bolts and the wheel hub are subjected to a torsion test on the assembly assembly through a torsion fatigue testing machine. Alternating loads in a circumferential direction are applied to the half-axle bolts, which can simulate the states of automobile driving and braking, thereby verifying the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolts. Compared with traditional verification methods, the efficiency is higher and the verification is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device from a first perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device from a second perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view AA provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wheel center shaft provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wheel hub provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a method for installing a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic flow chart of a test method of a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 A test load-test time coordinate system is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Description of the symbols in the figure:

[0043] 1. Torsion fatigue testing machine;

[0044] 2. wheel center axis; 21. abutment plate; 22. first connection hole;

[0045] 3. wheel hub; 31. second connecting hole; 32. connecting portion;

[0046] 4. Fix the tooling;

[0047] 5. Half-axle bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0051] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0052] Combination Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, comprising: a torsional fatigue testing machine 1, a wheel center shaft 2, a wheel hub 3 and a fixing tool 4, wherein one end of the wheel center shaft 2 is connected to the torsional fatigue testing machine 1, and the other end is provided with an abutment plate 21, and the abutment plate 21 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 22 arranged in a circumference; the wheel hub 3 is sleeved on the wheel center shaft 2, one end of the wheel hub 3 abuts the abutment plate 21 and is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes 31 corresponding to the first connecting holes 22, and the other end is provided with a connecting portion 32; the fixing tool 4 is sleeved on the wheel hub 3 and connected to the connecting portion 32; wherein, when the anti-loosening performance test of the half-axle bolts 5 is performed, one end of the plurality of half-axle bolts 5 is passed through the first connecting hole 22 and connected to the second connecting hole 31.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, multiple half-axle bolts 5 are distributed in a circle around the wheel center axis 2, and the assembly method of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 completely simulates the assembly state of the drive axle, that is, the bolt tightening torque, the gluing method of the half-axle and the wheel hub 3, and the outer oil seal assembly position of the wheel hub 3 are completely the same as the assembly state of the drive axle. The fixing tool 4 stabilizes the assembly of the wheel hub 3, the wheel center axis 2 and the half-axle bolts 5, so that the assembly method of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 is further equivalent to the assembly state of the automobile drive axle. The assembly assembly of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 is subjected to a torsion test by a torsional fatigue testing machine 1, and an alternating load in a circumferential direction is applied to the half-axle bolts 5, which can simulate the state of automobile driving and braking, thereby verifying the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolts 5. Compared with the traditional verification method, the efficiency is higher and the verification is more accurate.

[0054] Specifically, the fixing fixture 4 and the connecting portion 32 are connected together by a connecting piece 41, which further simulates the assembly state of the automobile drive axle.

[0055] In some embodiments, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device further includes: a torque sensor (not shown), which is used to detect the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt 5 and obtain torque information.

[0056] In this embodiment, the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt 5 is detected by a torque sensor and the torque information is obtained, thereby obtaining the torque information of the half-axle bolt 5 under simulated automobile driving, braking and other conditions, and the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolt 5 can be verified more intuitively and quickly.

[0057] In some embodiments, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device further includes: a light oscilloscope (not shown), which is used to make torque information explicit.

[0058] In this embodiment, the optical oscilloscope can convert the torque information into a visual waveform diagram, intuitively displaying the torque change trend, thereby improving the efficiency of judging the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt 5 and providing strong support for the evaluation of the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt 5.

[0059] In some embodiments, the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device also includes: a temperature sensor (not shown), which is used to detect the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt 5. When the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt 5 reaches a preset temperature, the torsional fatigue testing machine 1 is stopped.

[0060] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature change of the half-axle bolt 5 in real time. In the torsional fatigue test, the half-axle bolt 5 generates heat due to friction or torsion. Excessive temperature may cause changes in material properties or loosening of the half-axle bolt 5. By setting a preset temperature, the device can automatically stop the test to prevent the half-axle bolt 5 from overheating and causing inaccurate test results. In a specific application scenario, the preset temperature is 200°C, which can ensure that the half-axle bolt 5 does not affect performance or loosen due to overheating.

[0061] Combination Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for installing a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, comprising steps S10 to S50:

[0062] S10, sleeve the wheel hub 3 on the wheel center axis 2;

[0063] S20, connecting one end of the wheel center axis 2 to the torsional fatigue testing machine 1;

[0064] S30, abutting one end of the wheel hub 3 against the abutment plate 21 at the other end of the wheel center axis 2;

[0065] S40, sleeve the fixing tool 4 on the wheel hub 3 and connect the connecting portion 32 at the other end of the wheel hub 3.

[0066] S50 , passing one end of the plurality of half-axle bolts 5 through the first connecting hole 22 and connecting the ends of the half-axle bolts 5 into the second connecting hole 31 .

[0067] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wheel hub 3 is assembled with the wheel center axis 2, and the wheel hub 3 is stabilized by a fixing tool 4, and a plurality of half-axle bolts 5 are assembled with the wheel hub 3 and the wheel center axis 2. The plurality of half-axle bolts 5 are distributed in a circle around the wheel center axis 2, and the assembly method of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 completely simulates the assembly state of the drive axle, which is convenient for the torsional fatigue testing machine 1 to perform a torsion test on the assembly of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3, thereby verifying the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolts 5.

[0068] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a test method of a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, comprising steps S100 to S400:

[0069] S100, selecting a plurality of half-axle bolts 5 as test samples;

[0070] S200, multiple half-axle bolts 5 are distributed in a circumferential manner and penetrate the abutment plate 21 at the other end of the wheel center axis 2, and are connected to the wheel hub 3;

[0071] S300, starting the torsional fatigue testing machine 1 and applying an alternating asymmetric cyclic load for loading;

[0072] S400, recording the test results and determining whether the half-axle bolt 5 is qualified according to the test results.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of half-axle bolts 5 are selected to be distributed in a circle around the central axis 2 of the wheel, and the assembly method of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 completely simulates the assembly state of the drive axle. The fixing tool 4 stabilizes the assembly of the wheel hub 3, the central axis 2 of the wheel and the half-axle bolts 5, so that the assembly method of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 is further equivalent to the assembly state of the automobile drive axle. The assembly assembly of the half-axle bolts 5 and the wheel hub 3 is subjected to a torsion test by a torsion fatigue testing machine 1, and an alternating load in a circumferential direction is applied to the half-axle bolts 5, which can simulate the states of automobile driving and braking, thereby verifying the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolts 5. Compared with the traditional verification method, the efficiency is higher and the verification is more accurate.

[0074] In some embodiments, after starting the torsional fatigue testing machine 1 and loading with a prescribed test load, the method further includes:

[0075] The real-time temperature of the half-shaft bolt 5 is detected by a temperature sensor, and when the real-time temperature of the half-shaft bolt 5 reaches a preset temperature, the torsion fatigue testing machine 1 is stopped.

[0076] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature changes of the half-axle bolt 5 in real time. In the torsional fatigue test, the half-axle bolt 5 generates heat due to friction or torsion. Excessive temperature may cause changes in material properties or loosening of the half-axle bolt 5. By setting a preset temperature, the device can automatically stop the test to prevent the half-axle bolt 5 from overheating and causing inaccurate test results.

[0077] In some embodiments, the test results are recorded, including:

[0078] The real-time torque of the half-shaft bolt 5 is detected by a torque sensor, and torque information is obtained;

[0079] The torque information is visualized by a light oscilloscope.

[0080] In this embodiment, the torque sensor detects the real-time torque of the half-shaft bolt 5 and obtains torque information, thereby obtaining the torque information of the half-shaft bolt 5 under simulated car driving, braking and other conditions, and can verify the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt 5 more intuitively and quickly; the optical oscilloscope can convert the torque information into a visual waveform diagram, intuitively displaying the changing trend of the torque, thereby improving the efficiency of judging the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt 5, and providing strong support for the evaluation of the anti-loosening performance of the half-shaft bolt 5.

[0081] In some embodiments, the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt 5 is detected by a torque sensor, and torque information is obtained, including:

[0082] Get the minimum test torque M min =0.1*K 1 *M j / 2;

[0083] Get the maximum test torque M max =1.1*K 1 *M j / 2;

[0084] Get the test alternating load amplitude M a =M j / 2;

[0085] Among them, K 1 is the safety factor, the value is 1.2, M j Calculate the torque for the half-shaft test.

[0086] In this embodiment, the half-axle test calculation torque M of different types of vehicles can be obtained according to the industry standard QC / T293 of the People's Republic of China. j , combined with Figure 8 As shown, according to the minimum torque, maximum torque and alternating load amplitude of the test, the torque information can be made explicit through the optical oscilloscope to intuitively display the torque change trend.

[0087] In some embodiments, judging whether the half-axle bolt 5 is qualified according to the test results includes:

[0088] When the number of tests is not less than the preset number of times, and the torque attenuation rate of each half-shaft bolt 5 is not greater than the preset percentage, the half-shaft bolt 5 is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

[0089] In this embodiment, the torque attenuation rate is an indicator for evaluating the torque change of the connecting member during use. It usually indicates the degree of reduction of the torque applied to the bolt after certain use conditions and time. When the number of tests reaches a certain number, it can be judged whether the half-axle bolt 5 is qualified according to the torque attenuation rate of each half-axle bolt 5. In a specific embodiment, the preset number of times is 50,000 times and the preset percentage is 5%, which can effectively detect the anti-loosening performance of the half-axle bolt 5.

[0090] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device, characterized in that: include: Torsion fatigue testing machine; A wheel center shaft, one end of which is connected to the torsion fatigue testing machine, and the other end of which is provided with an abutment plate, and the abutment plate is provided with a plurality of first connection holes arranged in a circumference; A wheel hub, wherein the wheel hub is sleeved on the central axis of the wheel, one end of the wheel hub abuts against the abutment plate and is provided with a plurality of second connection holes corresponding to the first connection holes, and the other end of the wheel hub is provided with a connection portion; A fixing tool, the fixing tool is sleeved on the wheel hub and connected to the connecting portion; When the anti-loosening performance test is performed on the half-axle bolts, one end of a plurality of the half-axle bolts is passed through the first connecting hole and connected to the second connecting hole.

2. The bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A torque sensor is used to detect the real-time torque of the half-shaft bolt and obtain torque information.

3. The bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: A light oscilloscope is used to visualize the torque information.

4. The bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt, and when the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt reaches a preset temperature, the torsion fatigue testing machine is stopped.

5. A method for installing a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Put the wheel hub on the center axis of the wheel; Connecting one end of the wheel center axis to a torsional fatigue testing machine; Abutting one end of the wheel hub against an abutment plate at the other end of the wheel center axis; The fixing tool is sleeved on the wheel hub and connected to the connecting part at the other end of the wheel hub. One end of a plurality of half-axle bolts passes through the first connecting hole and is connected to the second connecting hole.

6. A test method for a bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Select several half-axle bolts as test samples; A plurality of the half-axle bolts are distributed circumferentially and penetrate the abutment plate at the other end of the wheel center axis and connected to the wheel hub; Starting the torsion fatigue testing machine and applying an alternating asymmetric cyclic load; The test results are recorded and whether the half-axle bolts are qualified is determined based on the test results.

7. The test method of the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: After starting the torsion fatigue testing machine and loading with a prescribed test load, the method further includes: The real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt is detected by a temperature sensor, and when the real-time temperature of the half-axle bolt reaches a preset temperature, the torsion fatigue testing machine is stopped.

8. The test method of the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The test results are recorded, including: Detecting the real-time torque of the half-shaft bolt by a torque sensor and acquiring torque information; The torque information is visualized by a light oscilloscope.

9. The test method of the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The method of detecting the real-time torque of the half-axle bolt by a torque sensor and obtaining torque information includes: Get the minimum test torque M min =0.1*K1*M j / 2; Get the maximum test torque M max =1.1*K1*M j / 2; Get the test alternating load amplitude M a =M j / 2; Among them, K1 is the safety factor, the value is 1.2, M j Calculate the torque for the half-shaft test.

10. The test method of the bolt anti-loosening performance bench test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of judging whether the half-axle bolt is qualified according to the test result includes: When the number of tests is not less than the preset number of times, and the torque attenuation rate of each half-shaft bolt is not higher than the preset percentage, the half-shaft bolt is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is unqualified.

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