A kind of automobile transmission shaft assembly torsional fatigue test equipment

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of shaft testing, in particular to a kind of automobile transmission shaft assembly torsional fatigue testing equipment, including test seat, the middle part of test seat is provided with the drive table for controlling the rotation of the shaft to be tested, the top surface of test seat is provided with the moving table connected with the shaft to be tested, the moving table can change the resistance of itself and test seat, the middle part of test seat is provided with center seat, the top of center seat is fixedly connected with adjusting column, a variety of monitoring modules for monitoring the fatigue data of the shaft to be tested are arranged in test seat, through this kind of setting, the real working condition is effectively restored, the shaft is under the torque at the same time, the real bending moment and radial force are brought by revolution, more close to the real stress state of wheel rolling, to improve the authenticity of detection data, and the scene simulation during detection is increased, more detection data indexes are added, more detection data can be obtained, and more accurate measurement results are obtained through data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shaft testing, specifically a torsional fatigue testing device for automotive drive shaft assemblies. Background Technology

[0002] The automotive driveshaft assembly is a key component connecting the gearbox and the drive axle. It is responsible for transmitting the torque and rotational motion generated by the engine to the wheels, enabling the car to generate driving force. As a core safety component for power transmission, the mass testing of the torque performance of the automotive driveshaft is a crucial step in ensuring the reliability of the entire vehicle and preventing mass quality accidents.

[0003] Transmission bearings are subjected to alternating torque and impact loads. Failure of these bearings will directly lead to loss of vehicle control. Batch testing can ensure that each batch of products meets international standards and eliminate the risk of early breakage due to material defects or process fluctuations. Fixed torque measurement methods are often used, in which sensors are installed on fixed supports of motors or loads, and the value of the shaft is measured using the principle of "action and reaction".

[0004] Traditional shaft torsion testing equipment has a relatively simple function. It often only fixes both ends of the shaft and applies torsional force continuously. The test results are obtained hastily by measuring the actual torsional force and torsion angle. However, this test process is completely different from the environment and usage of a vehicle axle in actual use, making it difficult to measure true torsional fatigue test data. Moreover, the measurement method is too simplistic and cannot simulate the various conditions encountered by real vehicle axles, making the obtained test data even less realistic. Therefore, this invention provides a torsional fatigue testing device for automotive driveshaft assemblies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The present invention provides a torsional fatigue testing device for an automotive drive shaft assembly, including a test base, a drive platform for controlling the rotation of the shaft to be tested is provided in the middle of the test base, a movable platform connected to the shaft to be tested is provided on the top surface of the test base, the movable platform can change its resistance to the test base, a center seat is provided in the middle of the test base, an adjusting column is fixedly connected to the top of the center seat, the movable platform is rotatably connected to the adjusting column, the test base is provided with a variety of monitoring modules for monitoring fatigue data of the shaft to be tested, and a locking plate for locking the movable platform is also provided on the outside of the movable platform.

[0007] This setup effectively replicates real-world working conditions, allowing the shaft to withstand torque while generating realistic bending moments and radial forces during revolution, more closely resembling the actual force state of a rolling wheel, thus improving the authenticity of the test data. Furthermore, the simulated testing scenarios enhance the accuracy of various test data indicators, such as simulating the sudden increase in resistance at high speeds, rapid changes in force output direction, and emergency stops under high-speed centrifugal force. This allows for the acquisition of more test data and the generation of more accurate measurement results.

[0008] Preferably, the monitoring module includes a sound receiving module. Multiple sound receiving modules are distributed equidistantly in a ring on the top edge of the test seat, with the sound receiving end facing the center seat. The equidistant ring arrangement of multiple sound receiving modules can effectively record the sound of the moving stage and the vibration sound of the shaft under test. When microcracks or micro-damage occur inside the material, high-frequency stress waves that are inaudible to the human ear are released. The high-sensitivity microphone array can capture these abnormal sound waves and issue an alarm earlier than obvious changes in the torque curve. Moreover, different faults emit different sounds. By analyzing the acoustic spectrum, it is possible to distinguish whether it is crack propagation, bearing wear, or universal joint loosening, which helps to quickly locate the root cause of the problem and obtain real and detailed test data.

[0009] Preferably, a lifting sleeve is fitted onto the outer side of the adjusting column. The lifting sleeve is connected to the drive platform. Multiple lifting components capable of adjusting height and used to support the lifting sleeve are installed on the outer side of the adjusting column. The lifting components can be two support rings, which are fixed to the outer side of the adjusting column with bolts or fasteners. The two support rings are set on the upper and lower sides of the lifting sleeve. Bearings are installed on the contact surface with the lifting sleeve to reduce friction, thereby allowing the height of the lifting sleeve to be adjusted arbitrarily to adapt to test shafts of different models and testing requirements, as well as to moving platforms of different diameters.

[0010] Preferably, a servo motor for providing power is installed at one end of the drive platform near the lifting sleeve, and a universal coupling is installed at the other end of the drive platform. A connecting plate is installed at the end of the universal coupling, and an outer ring rail is fixed to the outer side of the center seat. A support arm connected to the outer ring rail is installed at the bottom of the drive platform. By changing the orientation of the end of the universal coupling, a tangential angle can be given to the shaft under test. At this time, the application of torque and the state of shear force acting on the shaft will change significantly, mainly simulating the actual use of the axle when encountering bumpy or uneven road surfaces, so as to more comprehensively test the performance data of the axle. At this time, the height of the drive platform is higher than the fixed position of the moving platform. The moving platform and the shaft under test can be directly connected, or a steering gear can be used for steering connection. With the support of the support arm, part of the weight of the drive platform is distributed, which can ensure the stable rotation process of the large-mass drive platform.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting plate is also installed at one end of the moving stage near the drive stage, and a locking platform is fixedly connected to the other end of the moving stage. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder for controlling the movement of the locking plate is provided on the outside of the locking plate. When it is necessary to lock the moving stage to statically measure the torsional compressive strength data of the shaft to be tested, the moving stage is moved to a position flush with the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder is activated to push the locking plate forward and connect it with the locking platform, thus completing the locking function of the moving stage.

[0012] Preferably, multiple annular partitions are fixed to the top surface of the test base, forming annular moving rails between adjacent partitions. The width of the moving stage is the same as that of the moving rails. A permanent magnet module is installed inside the moving stage, and multiple electromagnet modules are installed inside the moving rails. The annular partitions divide the top surface of the test base into multiple independent moving rails, which not only prevents the moving stage from derailing during testing, but also allows for the independent operation of electromagnet modules in different areas of each rail through the cooperation of the electromagnet modules and permanent magnet modules. When it is necessary to increase the resistance of the moving stage, the electromagnet modules can be used to attract the moving stage, thereby increasing the movement resistance of the moving stage. Meanwhile, the electromagnet modules in front of the moving stage generate a repulsive force. Under this dual action, the change in resistance can be adjusted to a higher level, increasing the upper limit of the device's measurement. Furthermore, it is not necessary for all modules to be turned on simultaneously; they only need to be turned on one step before use, reducing losses and allowing the position of the moving stage to be determined in real time to ensure the accuracy of various data. At the same time, this versatile and controllable adjustment method is more suitable for the multi-functional testing process of the device.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the moving rail has multiple docking grooves arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The monitoring module also includes multiple pressure sensors, which are installed in the docking grooves. When the moving platform passes by, it can compress the pressure sensors. The pressure sensors can be three-dimensional force sensors, measuring the vertical force, tangential force, and lateral force exerted by the moving platform on the pressure sensors at that moment. Combined with the wheel radius, the output torque of the shaft under test is calculated from the tangential force; the radial load of the shaft under test is calculated from the vertical force; and the axial force of the shaft under test is calculated from the lateral force. By acquiring data on the shaft under test in real time under three operating conditions, the detection quality is further improved. At the same time, when testing different moving rails, the pressure sensors can be removed and placed in the corresponding docking grooves, without having to fill all the docking grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring module further includes an acceleration detection module disposed on the outside of the shaft to be tested. The acceleration detection module includes two end blocks, each with a replaceable replacement disc mounted on its opposite side. A monitoring chip is fixedly connected inside each end block. The two end blocks are fixed together by bolts. The acceleration detection module needs to be directly connected to the shaft to be tested. As the shaft rotates, the tiny mass block inside the acceleration detection module will displace due to centrifugal force, inertia, and changes in the direction of gravity. By analyzing the electrical signal generated by this displacement, radial vibration and tangential acceleration can be extracted. At the same time, by utilizing the periodic change of the gravitational component, the shaft's rotational speed, angular acceleration, and rotational position can be calculated. The core of these three factors combined is to evaluate whether the dynamic transmission quality of the shaft is stable, whether there is backlash, and whether it deforms under impact. This is something that traditional fixed testing cannot obtain. The two replacement discs can be adapted to the curvature of the shaft to be tested, thereby ensuring that the two end blocks are firmly attached to the surface of the shaft to be tested, and then fixed with bolts. The monitoring chip is the actual part used for testing.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side of the test seat is provided with an outer protective frame, and a sealing door is slidably engaged with the outer side of the outer protective frame. A top shaft connected to the sealing door is installed on the top of the outer protective frame. A sliding groove is opened on the outer side of the outer protective frame, and a stop post is fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding groove. A sliding platform is fixedly connected to the outer side of the outer protective frame. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder is slidably engaged with the sliding platform. The outer protective frame protects the testing process and reduces accidents. The sealing door is opened and closed by rotation. The sliding platform is used to connect the hydraulic telescopic cylinder and can also control the sliding of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, thereby using test shafts of different lengths and ensuring the connection between the locking plate and the platform.

[0016] Preferably, the monitoring module further includes an optical module, which is fixed to the top edge of the outer protective frame. An electric slide rail is also fixed to the top inner side of the outer protective frame. A hanging rod is fixed to the moving end of the electric slide rail, and a spray gun is fixed to the bottom of the hanging rod. To ensure the optical module can better observe the surface condition of the shaft under test, white primer is sprayed onto the surface of the shaft under test using the spray gun, followed by random spraying of black paint. This allows the optical module to better observe the surface condition of the shaft under test and directly measure the axial, circumferential, and radial displacements at each point on the shaft surface. Through mathematical calculation of the circumferential displacement, the torsional angle and shear strain can be derived. Furthermore, the axial bending can be calculated to assess whether the shaft is bent. Compared to traditional sensors that only measure one point, this module can directly see where the deformation is greatest and where cracks first appear along the entire shaft, thereby improving test accuracy.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for automotive driveshaft assemblies described in this invention effectively replicates real working conditions through the setting of the annular test seat. This allows the shaft to withstand torque while its revolution generates realistic bending moments and radial forces, more closely resembling the actual force state of a rolling wheel, thereby improving the authenticity of the test data. Simultaneously, due to the simulation of the testing scenario, multiple test data indicators are added, such as simulating the sudden increase in resistance during high-speed driving, rapid changes in the output direction of force, and emergency stop tests under high-speed centrifugal force. This allows for the acquisition of more test data and the obtaining of more accurate measurement results.

[0019] 2. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for automotive driveshaft assemblies described in this invention, through the equidistant circular arrangement of multiple sound receiving modules, can effectively record the sound of the moving platform and the vibration sound of the shaft under test. When microcracks or micro-damage occur inside the material, high-frequency stress waves that are inaudible to the human ear are released. The high-sensitivity microphone array can capture these abnormal sound patterns, issuing an alarm earlier than obvious changes in the torque curve. Moreover, different faults emit different sounds. By analyzing the acoustic spectrum, it is possible to distinguish whether it is crack propagation, bearing wear, or universal joint loosening, helping to quickly locate the root cause of the problem and thus obtain real and detailed test data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second-view perspective perspective view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the outer protective shell and test socket of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the test stand and drive stage of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the central base and the movable platform of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the adjusting column and driving platform of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the acceleration detection module of the present invention;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Outer protective frame; 2. Sealing door; 3. Top shaft; 4. Test seat; 5. Stop post; 6. Slide groove; 7. Optical module; 8. Electric slide rail; 9. Sliding table; 10. Hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 11. Locking plate; 12. Drive table; 13. Center seat; 14. Moving table; 15. Sound receiving module; 16. Shaft to be tested; 17. Partition plate; 18. Moving rail; 19. Docking groove; 20. Pressure sensor; 21. Hanging rod; 22. Spray gun; 23. Outer ring rail; 24. Adjusting column; 25. Lifting sleeve; 26. Servo motor; 27. Universal coupling; 28. Connecting plate; 29. ​​Acceleration detection module; 30. Clamping table; 31. End block; 32. Replacement plate; 33. Monitoring chip; 34. Support arm. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a torsional fatigue testing device for an automotive driveshaft assembly, comprising a test base 4, a drive platform 12 for controlling the rotation of a shaft 16 to be tested is provided in the middle of the test base 4, a movable platform 14 connected to the shaft 16 to be tested is provided on the top surface of the test base 4, the movable platform 14 is capable of changing its resistance to the test base 4, a center seat 13 is provided in the middle of the test base 4, an adjusting column 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the center seat 13, the movable platform 14 is rotatably connected to the adjusting column 24, the test base 4 is provided with a variety of monitoring modules for monitoring fatigue data of the shaft 16 to be tested, and a locking plate 11 for locking the movable platform 14 is also provided on the outside of the movable platform 14.

[0031] The test shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the drive stage 12. The drive stage 12 can drive the test shaft 16 to rotate. During the rotation, the moving stage 14 will also rotate, causing the moving stage 14 to move in a circular motion on the surface of the test base 4. The moving stage 14 can be cylindrical to facilitate its rolling process. At the same time, during the movement of the moving stage 14, the test base 4 can adjust the movement resistance of the moving stage 14, including but not limited to changing the surface roughness of the moving stage 14 to increase or decrease the resistance of the moving stage 14; increasing the movement resistance of the moving stage 14 through magnetic attraction, etc. During the torsional fatigue test, the output power of the drive stage 12 can be kept constant while the movement resistance of the moving stage 14 is continuously changed, thereby realistically simulating the actual usage conditions encountered by the test shaft 16, so as to measure more realistic data. The locking plate 11 can also be used to fix the moving stage 14, applying a test torque with continuously increasing power to the non-rotating test shaft 16, thereby measuring various required data.

[0032] The monitoring module can monitor various data, including but not limited to: optical monitoring: during the movement of the moving stage 14 and the shaft under test 16, it directly measures the axial, circumferential, and radial displacements of every point on the shaft surface. Through mathematical calculation of the circumferential displacement, the torsional angle and shear strain data can be derived; acoustic detection: it captures the high-frequency elastic waves released during crack propagation and bearing noises. By analyzing the acoustic spectrum and locating the sound source, early microscopic damage can be detected; mechanical compression detection: it measures vertical force, tangential force, and lateral force. Combined with the wheel radius, it calculates the output torque of the drive shaft from the tangential force; it calculates the radial load from the vertical force; and it calculates the axial force from the lateral force; and torque, angle, and degree sensors: the torque sensor is usually installed on the fixed end to directly measure the actual torsional force borne by the shaft, and the angle sensor is usually installed on the drive end to measure how many degrees the shaft has been torsioned. The torque versus angle curve is plotted in real time, and the changes in the slope and area of ​​the curve are used to indirectly determine whether fatigue damage has occurred inside the shaft.

[0033] This setup effectively replicates real-world working conditions, allowing the shaft to withstand torque while generating realistic bending moments and radial forces during revolution, more closely resembling the actual force state of a rolling wheel, thus improving the authenticity of the test data. Furthermore, the simulated testing scenarios enhance the accuracy of various test data indicators, such as simulating the sudden increase in resistance at high speeds, rapid changes in force output direction, and emergency stops under high-speed centrifugal force. This allows for the acquisition of more test data and the generation of more accurate measurement results.

[0034] The monitoring module includes a sound receiving module 15, and multiple sound receiving modules 15 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals on the top edge of the test seat 4, with the sound receiving end facing the central seat 13.

[0035] During operation, multiple sound receiving modules 15 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals, which can effectively record the sound of the moving stage 14 moving and the vibration sound of the shaft 16 under test. When microcracks or micro-damage are generated inside the material, high-frequency stress waves that are inaudible to the human ear are released. The high-sensitivity microphone array can capture these abnormal sound patterns and issue an alarm earlier than obvious changes in the torque curve. Different faults emit different sounds. By analyzing the acoustic spectrum, it is possible to distinguish whether it is crack propagation, bearing wear or universal joint loosening, which helps to quickly locate the root cause of the problem and obtain real and detailed test data.

[0036] A lifting sleeve 25 is sleeved on the outside of the adjusting column 24. The lifting sleeve 25 is connected to the drive platform 12. Multiple lifting components that can adjust the height and support the lifting sleeve 25 are installed on the outside of the adjusting column 24.

[0037] During operation, the lifting component can be two support rings, which are fixed to the outside of the adjusting column 24 using bolts or fasteners. The two support rings are set on the upper and lower sides of the lifting sleeve 25. The bearings are installed on the contact surface with the lifting sleeve 25 to reduce friction, so that the height of the lifting sleeve 25 can be adjusted arbitrarily to adapt to different models and testing requirements of the test shaft 16, as well as to the moving stage 14 of different diameters.

[0038] A servo motor 26 for providing power is installed at one end of the drive platform 12 near the lifting sleeve 25. A universal coupling 27 is installed at the other end of the drive platform 12. A connecting plate 28 is installed at the end of the universal coupling 27. An outer ring rail 23 is fixed to the outside of the center seat 13. A support arm 34 connected to the outer ring rail 23 is installed at the bottom of the drive platform 12.

[0039] During operation, by changing the orientation of the end of the universal coupling 27, a tangential angle can be given to the shaft 16 to be tested. At this time, the application of torque and the state of shear force acting on the shaft will change significantly. This mainly simulates the actual use of the axle when encountering bumpy or uneven road surfaces, and can more comprehensively test the performance data of the shaft. At this time, the height of the drive stage 12 is higher than the fixed position of the moving stage 14. The moving stage 14 and the shaft 16 to be tested can be directly connected, or a steering connection can be used. With the support of the support arm 34, part of the weight of the drive stage 12 is shared, which can ensure the stable rotation of the large-mass drive stage 12.

[0040] A connecting plate 28 is also installed at one end of the moving platform 14 near the drive platform 12. A locking plate 30 connected to the locking plate 11 is fixed at the other end of the moving platform 14. A hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 for controlling the movement of the locking plate 11 is provided on the outside of the locking plate 11.

[0041] During operation, when it is necessary to lock the moving stage 14 to statically measure the torsional compressive strength data of the shaft 16 to be tested, the moving stage 14 is moved to a position flush with the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 is activated to push the locking plate 11 forward and connect it with the clamping table 30, thus completing the locking function of the moving stage 14.

[0042] Multiple annular partitions 17 are fixed to the top surface of the test stand 4, and an annular moving rail 18 is formed between adjacent partitions 17. The width of the moving platform 14 is the same as that of the moving rail 18. A permanent magnet module is provided inside the moving platform 14, and multiple electromagnet modules are installed inside the moving rail 18.

[0043] During operation, the top surface of the test stand 4 is divided into multiple independent moving rails 18 by the annular partition 17. This not only prevents the moving stage 14 from derailing during testing, but also allows for the independent operation of electromagnet modules in different areas of each rail through the cooperation of electromagnet modules and permanent magnet modules. When it is necessary to increase the resistance of the moving stage 14, the electromagnet modules can be used to attract the moving stage 14, thereby increasing the movement resistance of the moving stage 14. Meanwhile, the electromagnet modules in front of the moving stage 14 generate a repulsive force. Under this dual action, the change in resistance can be adjusted to a higher level, increasing the upper limit of the device's measurement. Furthermore, it is not necessary for all modules to be turned on at the same time; they only need to be turned on one step before use, reducing losses and allowing the position of the moving stage 14 to be determined in real time to ensure the accuracy of various data. At the same time, this versatile and controllable adjustment method is more suitable for the multi-functional testing process of the device.

[0044] The surface of the moving rail 18 is provided with a plurality of docking grooves 19, which are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The monitoring module also includes a plurality of pressure sensors 20, which are disposed in the docking grooves 19.

[0045] During operation, the pressure sensor 20 can be pressed by the moving stage 14 as it passes by. The pressure sensor 20 can be a three-dimensional force sensor, measuring the vertical force, tangential force, and lateral force exerted by the moving stage 14 on the pressure sensor 20 at that moment. Combined with the wheel radius, the torque output of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the tangential force; the radial load of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the vertical force; and the axial force of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the lateral force. By acquiring data on the shaft under test 16 in three different operating states in real time, the detection quality is further improved. At the same time, when testing on different moving rails 18, the pressure sensor 20 can be removed and placed in the corresponding docking groove 19 without having to fill the entire docking groove 19.

[0046] The monitoring module also includes an acceleration detection module 29 disposed on the outside of the shaft to be tested 16. The acceleration detection module 29 includes two end blocks 31. A replaceable replacement disk 32 is installed on the opposite side of the two end blocks 31. A monitoring chip 33 is fixedly connected inside the end blocks 31. The two end blocks 31 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0047] During operation, the acceleration detection module 29 needs to be directly connected to the shaft 16 under test. The acceleration detection module 29 rotates with the shaft, and the tiny mass block inside it will be displaced due to centrifugal force, inertia, and changes in the direction of gravity. By analyzing the electrical signal generated by this displacement, radial vibration and tangential acceleration can be extracted. At the same time, by utilizing the periodic changes in the gravitational component, the rotational speed, angular acceleration, and rotational position of the shaft can be calculated. The core of these three factors is to evaluate whether the dynamic transmission quality of the shaft is stable, whether there is backlash, and whether it deforms under impact. This is something that traditional fixed testing cannot obtain. The two replacement discs 32 can be adapted to the curvature of the shaft 16 under test, thereby ensuring that the two end blocks 31 are firmly attached to the surface of the shaft 16 under test, and then fixed with bolts. The monitoring chip 33 is the actual part used for testing.

[0048] The outer side of the test seat 4 is provided with an outer protective frame 1, and a sealing door 2 is slidably engaged on the outer side of the outer protective frame 1. A top shaft 3 connected to the sealing door 2 is installed on the top of the outer protective frame 1. A sliding groove 6 is opened on the outer side of the outer protective frame 1. Both ends of the sliding groove 6 are fixedly connected with a stop post 5. A sliding table 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the outer protective frame 1. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 is slidably engaged with the sliding table 9.

[0049] During operation, the outer protective frame 1 protects the testing process and reduces accidents; the sealing door 2 is rotated to open and close; the sliding table 9 is used to connect the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10; the sliding table 9 can also control the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 to slide, thereby using test shafts 16 of different lengths to ensure the connection between the locking plate 11 and the clamping table 30.

[0050] The monitoring module also includes an optical module 7, which is fixed to the top edge of the outer protective frame 1. An electric slide rail 8 is also fixed to the top inner side of the outer protective frame 1. A hanging rod 21 is fixed to the moving end of the electric slide rail 8, and a spray gun 22 is fixed to the bottom of the hanging rod 21.

[0051] During operation, to ensure that the optical module 7 can better observe the surface condition of the shaft 16 under test, white primer is sprayed onto the surface of the shaft 16 using a spray gun 22, followed by random spraying of black paint. This allows the optical module 7 to better observe the surface condition of the shaft 16 under test and directly measure the axial, circumferential, and radial displacements of each point on the shaft surface. Through mathematical calculation of the circumferential displacement, the torsional angle and shear strain can be derived. The torsional angle and shear strain can also be directly obtained by calculating the axial bending to assess whether the shaft is bent. Compared with traditional sensors that only measure one point, it can directly see where the deformation is greatest and where the crack appears first on the entire shaft, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0052] During operation, the shaft to be tested 16 is fixedly connected to the drive stage 12. The drive stage 12 can drive the shaft to be tested 16 to rotate. During the rotation, the moving stage 14 will also rotate, causing the moving stage 14 to move in a circular motion on the surface of the test seat 4. The moving stage 14 can be cylindrical to facilitate its rolling process. At the same time, during the movement of the moving stage 14, the test seat 4 can adjust the movement resistance of the moving stage 14, including but not limited to changing the surface roughness of the moving stage 14 to increase or decrease the resistance of the moving stage 14; increasing the movement resistance of the moving stage 14 through magnetic attraction, etc. During the torsional fatigue test, the output power of the drive stage 12 can be kept constant while the movement resistance of the moving stage 14 is continuously changed, thereby realistically simulating the actual usage conditions encountered by the shaft to be tested 16, so as to measure more realistic data. The locking plate 11 can also be used to fix the moving stage 14, applying a test torque with continuously increasing power to the shaft to be tested 16 that cannot rotate, thereby measuring various required data.

[0053] The monitoring module can monitor various data, including but not limited to: optical monitoring: during the movement of the moving stage 14 and the shaft under test 16, it directly measures the axial, circumferential, and radial displacements of every point on the shaft surface. Through mathematical calculation of the circumferential displacement, the torsional angle and shear strain data can be derived; acoustic detection: it captures the high-frequency elastic waves released during crack propagation and bearing noises. By analyzing the acoustic spectrum and locating the sound source, early microscopic damage can be detected; mechanical compression detection: it measures vertical force, tangential force, and lateral force. Combined with the wheel radius, it calculates the output torque of the drive shaft from the tangential force; it calculates the radial load from the vertical force; and it calculates the axial force from the lateral force; and torque, angle, and degree sensors: the torque sensor is usually installed on the fixed end to directly measure the actual torsional force borne by the shaft, and the angle sensor is usually installed on the drive end to measure how many degrees the shaft has been torsioned. The torque versus angle curve is plotted in real time, and the changes in the slope and area of ​​the curve are used to indirectly determine whether fatigue damage has occurred inside the shaft.

[0054] This setup effectively replicates real-world working conditions, allowing the shaft to withstand torque while generating realistic bending moments and radial forces during revolution, more closely resembling the actual force state of a rolling wheel, thus improving the authenticity of the test data. Furthermore, the simulated testing scenarios enhance the accuracy of various test data indicators, such as simulating the sudden increase in resistance at high speeds, rapid changes in force output direction, and emergency stops under high-speed centrifugal force. This allows for the acquisition of more test data and the generation of more accurate measurement results.

[0055] Multiple sound receiving modules 15 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals, which can effectively record the sound of the moving stage 14 moving and the vibration sound of the shaft 16 under test. When microcracks or micro-damage are generated inside the material, high-frequency stress waves that are inaudible to the human ear are released. The high-sensitivity microphone array can capture these abnormal sound patterns and issue an alarm earlier than obvious changes in the torque curve. Different faults emit different sounds. By analyzing the sound spectrum, it is possible to distinguish whether it is crack propagation, bearing wear or universal joint loosening, which helps to quickly locate the root cause of the problem and obtain real and detailed test data.

[0056] The lifting component can be two support rings, which are fixed to the outside of the adjusting column 24 with bolts or fasteners. The two support rings are set on the upper and lower sides of the lifting sleeve 25. The bearings are installed on the contact surface with the lifting sleeve 25 to reduce friction, so that the height of the lifting sleeve 25 can be adjusted arbitrarily to adapt to different models and testing requirements of the test shaft 16, as well as to the moving stage 14 of different diameters.

[0057] By changing the orientation of the end of the universal coupling 27, a tangential angle can be given to the shaft 16 to be tested. At this time, the application of torque and the state of shear force acting on the shaft will change significantly. This mainly simulates the actual use of the axle when encountering bumpy or uneven road surfaces, and can more comprehensively test the performance data of the shaft. At this time, the height of the drive stage 12 is higher than the fixed position of the moving stage 14. The moving stage 14 and the shaft 16 to be tested can be directly connected, or a steering gear can be used for steering connection. With the support of the support arm 34, part of the weight of the drive stage 12 is shared, which can ensure the stable rotation process of the large-mass drive stage 12.

[0058] When it is necessary to lock the moving stage 14 to statically measure the torsional compressive strength data of the shaft 16 to be tested, the moving stage 14 is moved to a position flush with the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 is activated to push the locking plate 11 forward and connect it with the clamping platform 30, thus completing the locking function of the moving stage 14.

[0059] The test stand 4 is divided into multiple independent moving rails 18 by the annular partition 17. This not only prevents the moving stage 14 from derailing during testing, but also allows for the independent operation of electromagnet modules in different areas of each rail through the cooperation of electromagnet modules and permanent magnet modules. When it is necessary to increase the resistance of the moving stage 14, the electromagnet modules can be used to attract the moving stage 14, thereby increasing the movement resistance of the moving stage 14. Meanwhile, the electromagnet modules in front of the moving stage 14 generate a repulsive force. Under this dual action, the change in resistance can be adjusted to a higher level, increasing the upper limit of the device's measurement. Furthermore, it is not necessary for all modules to be turned on at the same time; they only need to be turned on one step before use, reducing losses and allowing the position of the moving stage 14 to be determined in real time to ensure the accuracy of various data. At the same time, this versatile and controllable control method is more suitable for the multi-functional testing process of the device.

[0060] The pressure sensor 20 can be pressed by the moving stage 14 as it passes by. The pressure sensor 20 can be a three-dimensional force sensor, measuring the vertical force, tangential force, and lateral force exerted by the moving stage 14 on the pressure sensor 20 at this moment. Combined with the wheel radius, the torque output of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the tangential force; the radial load of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the vertical force; and the axial force of the shaft under test 16 is calculated from the lateral force. By acquiring the data of the shaft under test 16 in three operating states in real time, the detection quality is further improved. At the same time, when testing on different moving rails 18, the pressure sensor 20 can be removed and placed in the corresponding docking groove 19 without having to fill the entire docking groove 19.

[0061] The acceleration detection module 29 needs to be directly connected to the shaft 16 under test. The acceleration detection module 29 rotates with the shaft, and the tiny mass block inside it will be displaced due to centrifugal force, inertia and changes in the direction of gravity. By analyzing the electrical signal generated by this displacement, radial vibration and tangential acceleration can be extracted. At the same time, by utilizing the periodic change of the gravity component, the rotational speed, angular acceleration and rotational position of the shaft can be calculated. The core of these three factors is to evaluate whether the dynamic transmission quality of the shaft is smooth, whether there is backlash, and whether it deforms under impact. This is something that traditional fixed tests cannot obtain. The two replacement discs 32 can be adapted to the curvature of the shaft 16 under test, thereby ensuring that the two end blocks 31 are firmly attached to the surface of the shaft 16 under test, and then fixed with bolts. The monitoring chip 33 is the actual part used for testing.

[0062] The outer protective frame 1 protects the testing process and reduces accidents; the sealing door 2 allows for rotary opening and closing; the sliding table 9 is used to connect the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10, and the sliding table 9 can also control the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 10 to slide, thereby using test shafts 16 of different lengths to ensure the connection between the locking plate 11 and the clamping table 30.

[0063] To ensure that the optical module 7 can better observe the surface condition of the shaft 16 under test, white primer is sprayed onto the surface of the shaft 16 using a spray gun 22, followed by random spraying of black paint. This allows the optical module 7 to better observe the surface condition of the shaft 16 under test and directly measure the axial, circumferential, and radial displacements at each point on the shaft surface. Through mathematical calculation of the circumferential displacement, the torsional angle and shear strain can be derived. The torsional angle and shear strain can also be directly obtained by calculating the circumferential displacement. Furthermore, it can assess whether the shaft is bent by calculating the axial bending. Compared to traditional sensors that only measure one point, it can directly see where the deformation is greatest and where the crack appears first along the entire shaft, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0064] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A torsional fatigue testing device for an automotive drive shaft assembly, comprising a test base (4), wherein a drive platform (12) for controlling the rotation of a shaft (16) to be tested is provided in the middle of the test base (4), a movable platform (14) connected to the shaft (16) to be tested is provided on the top surface of the test base (4), the movable platform (14) is capable of changing its resistance to the test base (4), a center seat (13) is provided in the middle of the test base (4), an adjusting column (24) is fixedly connected to the top of the center seat (13), the movable platform (14) is rotatably connected to the adjusting column (24), a variety of monitoring modules for monitoring fatigue data of the shaft (16) to be tested are provided in the test base (4), and a locking plate (11) for locking the movable platform (14) is also provided on the outside of the movable platform (14). The adjusting column (24) is sleeved with a lifting sleeve (25), which is connected to the drive platform (12). The adjusting column (24) is equipped with multiple lifting components that can adjust the height and support the lifting sleeve (25). Multiple annular partitions (17) are fixed to the top surface of the test seat (4), and an annular moving rail (18) is formed between adjacent partitions (17). The width of the moving platform (14) is the same as that of the moving rail (18). A permanent magnet module is provided inside the moving platform (14), and multiple electromagnet modules are installed inside the moving rail (18). The monitoring module includes a sound receiving module (15), and multiple sound receiving modules (15) are distributed in a ring at equal intervals on the top edge of the test seat (4), with the sound receiving end facing the center seat (13). The drive platform (12) is equipped with a servo motor (26) for providing power at one end near the lifting sleeve (25), and a universal coupling (27) is installed at the other end of the drive platform (12). A connecting plate (28) is installed at the end of the universal coupling (27). An outer ring rail (23) is fixed to the outside of the center seat (13), and a support arm (34) connected to the outer ring rail (23) is installed at the bottom of the drive platform (12).

2. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for automotive driveshaft assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform (14) is also equipped with a connecting plate (28) at one end near the drive platform (12). The other end of the mobile platform (14) is fixedly connected to a locking plate (11) with a locking plate (30). The outer side of the locking plate (11) is provided with a hydraulic telescopic cylinder (10) for controlling the movement of the locking plate (11).

3. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for automotive driveshaft assemblies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the moving rail (18) is provided with multiple docking grooves (19), which are arranged in a ring at equal intervals. The monitoring module also includes multiple pressure sensors (20), which are installed in the docking grooves (19).

4. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for an automotive driveshaft assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring module also includes an acceleration detection module (29) located outside the shaft (16) to be tested. The acceleration detection module (29) includes two end blocks (31). Each end block (31) has a replaceable replacement disk (32) installed on its opposite side. A monitoring chip (33) is fixed inside the end block (31). The two end blocks (31) are fixed together by bolts.

5. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for an automotive driveshaft assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test seat (4) is provided with an outer protective frame (1) on the outside. A sealing door (2) is also slidably connected to the outside of the outer protective frame (1). A top shaft (3) connected to the sealing door (2) is installed on the top of the outer protective frame (1). A sliding groove (6) is opened on the outside of the outer protective frame (1). A stop post (5) is fixed to both ends of the sliding groove (6). A sliding table (9) is fixed to the outside of the outer protective frame (1). The hydraulic telescopic cylinder (10) is slidably connected to the sliding table (9).

6. The torsional fatigue testing equipment for an automotive driveshaft assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring module also includes an optical module (7), which is fixed to the top edge of the outer protective frame (1). An electric slide rail (8) is also fixed to the top inner side of the outer protective frame (1). A rod (21) is fixed to the moving end of the electric slide rail (8), and a spray gun (22) is fixed to the bottom of the rod (21).

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