Charging rectification chamber surrounding rock loosening circle testing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine engineering, and particularly discloses a charging rectification chamber surrounding rock loosening circle test method, which comprises the steps of test point arrangement, sound wave data acquisition, sound wave parameter analysis, surrounding rock loosening state analysis, radar detection analysis and surrounding rock loosening test verification. Through multiple rounds of testing and verification, judgment on the loosening state of the surrounding rock is continuously corrected, errors and uncertainty of a single testing method are avoided, the accuracy and reliability of the charging rectification chamber surrounding rock loosening circle testing can be improved to a great extent, a scientific basis is provided for design, construction and maintenance of a chamber, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. According to the method, the underground chamber surrounding rock loosening situation can be accurately judged through comprehensive test point arrangement, accurate data acquisition, scientific parameter analysis, effective loosening probability analysis, comprehensive radar detection and reliable test verification, and powerful technical support is provided for engineering practice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a method for testing the loosening circle of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of mining engineering, the charging and rectifying chamber is one of the important facilities. The stability of its surrounding rock is crucial to the safe operation and service life of the chamber. If the surrounding rock becomes loose, it may cause serious consequences such as deformation and collapse of the chamber structure, which will not only affect normal production operations, but also endanger the lives of personnel. Therefore, accurately testing the loose circle of the surrounding rock of the charging and rectifying chamber and timely grasping the looseness of the surrounding rock are of great significance for taking effective support measures and ensuring the stability of the chamber.

[0003] Traditional methods for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock have some limitations. For example, some methods can only measure a specific parameter of the surrounding rock and cannot fully reflect the changes in the physical properties of the surrounding rock. In terms of acoustic wave testing, traditional methods may not be reasonable in the arrangement of test points and cannot cover the key parts of the chamber, resulting in inaccurate assessment of the loosening of the surrounding rock. Moreover, the collection and analysis methods for parameters such as acoustic wave propagation time, amplitude and frequency are relatively simple and cannot accurately capture the parameter changes caused by slight changes in the surrounding rock.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing charging rectifier chamber surrounding rock loosening zone testing method, in order to more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the surrounding rock loosening situation, the present invention proposes a new charging rectifier chamber surrounding rock loosening zone testing method. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for testing the loosening circle of the surrounding rock of a charging rectifier chamber, in order to solve the technical defects mentioned above.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Test point arrangement: Set up several test points on the top, side and bottom of the charging distillation chamber, and number them in order from top to bottom, from left to right, and from front to back. Then clean the surfaces of several test points, and use coupling agent to stick the acoustic wave transmitting probe and the acoustic wave receiving probe on several test points.

[0008] Step 2. Sonic data acquisition: Use a sonic generating device to emit sonic waves into the interior of the surrounding rock through sonic wave transmitting probes set at each test point according to the set frequency and energy, cooperate with sonic wave receiving probes set at each test point to receive the sonic waves, and simultaneously record the sonic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period;

[0009] Step 3. Sonic parameter analysis: Standardize the sonic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period to obtain the standard propagation time values, standard amplitude values, and standard sonic wave frequency deviation values corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period. At the same time, obtain the differences in the standard deviations of the propagation times, the differences in the standard deviations of the amplitudes, and the differences in the standard sonic wave frequency deviation values corresponding to each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber at each test period;

[0010] Perform calculation and analysis based on the above parameters to obtain the surrounding rock loosening sonic analysis coefficients corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period;

[0011] Step 4. Surrounding rock loosening state analysis: Through statistical analysis of sample data with known surrounding rock states, preliminarily set the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening sonic analysis coefficients artificially, and compare and analyze the surrounding rock loosening sonic analysis coefficients corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period with the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening sonic analysis coefficients to obtain the surrounding rock state signals corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period;

[0012] Step 5. Radar detection analysis: The operator holds the geological radar antenna and moves uniformly along the wall surface of the charging distillation chamber to obtain the reflection signal intensity, electromagnetic wave propagation speed corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period, and the standard reflection signal intensity values and standard electromagnetic wave propagation speed values corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period;

[0013] Step 6. Verification of surrounding rock loosening test: Conduct further verification and analysis on the surrounding rock state signals corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period.

[0014] Furthermore, the sonic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period include the propagation time, amplitude, and frequency deviation value of the sonic wave.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific method for standardizing the sonic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period is as follows:

[0016] Record the sonic wave propagation time corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber at each test period as T i, where \(i\) represents the number of each test point, \(i = 1, 2, \cdots, n\), and \(n\) represents the total number of test point numbers. At the same time, obtain the average acoustic wave propagation time in the non-loosened area of the charging distillation chamber, denoted as \(T\). 0 , use the standard deviation formula to calculate the standard deviation of the acoustic wave propagation time corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber, denoted as \(\sigma\). T , then according to the formula calculate the standard value of the propagation time corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber.

[0017] Similarly, calculate the standard value of the wave amplitude corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber through the acoustic wave amplitude, the standard deviation of the acoustic wave amplitude, and the average acoustic wave amplitude in the non-loosened area corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber.

[0018] Calculate the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber through the acoustic wave frequency deviation value, the standard deviation of the acoustic wave frequency deviation value, and the average acoustic wave frequency deviation value in the non-loosened area corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber.

[0019] Further, the calculation method of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber is as follows:

[0020] Obtain the number of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber, denoted as \(j\), where \(j\) represents the number of each pair of adjacent test points, \(j = 1, 2, \cdots, m\), and \(m\) represents the total number of the numbers of each pair of adjacent test points. By calculating the difference between the standard value of the propagation time, the standard value of the wave amplitude, and the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber, obtain the difference in the standard deviation of the propagation time, the difference in the standard deviation of the wave amplitude, and the difference in the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation corresponding to each pair of adjacent test points in each test period in the charging distillation chamber, denoted as \(\Delta T\) j , \(\Delta A\) j and \(\Delta F\) j ;

[0021] According to the formula calculate the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient \(\gamma\) corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber. i , \(a1\), \(a2\), \(a3\), \(a4\) respectively represent the corresponding weight factors, and \(a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 = 1\).

[0022] Further, the acquisition method of the surrounding rock state signal corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber is as follows:

[0023] Divide the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient into three intervals, and at the same time obtain the boundary values between the three intervals, denoted as k1 and k2 respectively, and k1 < k2. If γ i < k1, it means that the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is stable, and a surrounding rock stability signal is generated;

[0024] If k1 < γ i < k2, it means that the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is abnormal, and a surrounding rock abnormality signal is generated;

[0025] If γ i > k2, it means that the surrounding rock of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is loosened, and a surrounding rock loosening signal is generated.

[0026] Furthermore, the method for further verifying and analyzing the surrounding rock state signals of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period is as follows:

[0027] Similarly, calculate the standard values of the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and obtain the standard values of the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, denoted as and

[0028] By obtaining the geological radar detection data of the known surrounding rock loosening and non-loosening areas in history, constructing a training data set, using a convolutional neural network to learn the training data, combining the comparison results of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient and the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient threshold of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, establishing a surrounding rock loosening area prediction model, and using the surrounding rock loosening area prediction model to set the loosening probability of the surrounding rock as P, where 0 < P < 1;

[0029] After generating the surrounding rock stability signal,

[0030] According to the formula Calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. If λ i < R, it means that the surrounding rock is stable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is determined to be stable; if λ i > R, it means that the surrounding rock is unstable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is determined to be verified, and further test the surrounding rock loosening state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber;

[0031] After generating the abnormal signal and loosening signal of the surrounding rock,

[0032] According to the formula calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficients of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficients of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. If λ i < R, it means that the surrounding rock is stable. Define the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to this test period as verified, and further test the loosening state of the surrounding rock at this test point in the charging distillation chamber; if λ i > R, it means that the surrounding rock is unstable, and define the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to this test period as loosened.

[0033] Advantages of the present invention:

[0034] 1. In the present invention, by setting test points at the top, side and bottom of the charging rectification chamber, the surrounding rock information of different positions of the chamber can be comprehensively obtained. The test points are distributed at certain intervals along the center line and both sides of the arch top at the top, along the straight wall part from top to bottom at the side, and along the center and both sides of the floor at the bottom. This layout can effectively capture the changes of the surrounding rock in each key part of the chamber, avoiding the limitation of single-position testing, and providing a basis for accurately evaluating the overall surrounding rock loosening circle of the chamber; in addition, according to the different requirements of testing the shallow and deep surrounding rocks, high-frequency probes and low-frequency probes are respectively used. The high-frequency probe can obtain higher resolution of the shallow surrounding rock, which helps to discover the subtle changes of the shallow surrounding rock; the low-frequency probe increases the penetration ability of the deep surrounding rock, enabling the test to cover the entire depth range of the surrounding rock, so as to more comprehensively understand the internal structure and state of the surrounding rock.

[0035] 2. In the present invention, by standardizing the acoustic wave propagation time, wave amplitude and frequency deviation value, the data differences caused by factors such as measurement conditions and equipment differences between different test points and test periods are eliminated, making different data comparable. By calculating the standard values of each test point corresponding to each test period, the change laws and trends of the data can be analyzed more accurately. At the same time, calculate the differences of the propagation time, wave amplitude and frequency deviation standard values of adjacent test points, taking into account the spatial correlation of the surrounding rock. The differences between adjacent test points can reflect the changes of the surrounding rock in the local area, which helps to more accurately determine the boundary and range of the surrounding rock loosening circle. By comprehensively considering the differences of multiple adjacent test points, the spatial distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock loosening can be more comprehensively understood.

[0036] 3. In the present invention, standard values of the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed are calculated, and a prediction model for the loosened area of the surrounding rock is constructed using a convolutional neural network. The loosening probability of the surrounding rock is set in combination with the acoustic wave analysis coefficient, making full use of the advantages of ground penetrating radar and acoustic wave testing. Through the deep learning model, the loosened area of the surrounding rock can be predicted more accurately, providing a more reliable guarantee for engineering safety. According to different signals (stable surrounding rock signal, abnormal surrounding rock signal or loosened surrounding rock signal), the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient is calculated and compared with the set threshold range to further verify the state of the surrounding rock. For situations judged as unstable or requiring verification, further testing measures can be taken in a timely manner to ensure an accurate judgment of the loosened state of the surrounding rock. Through multiple rounds of testing and verification, the judgment of the loosened state of the surrounding rock is continuously corrected, avoiding the errors and uncertainties of a single testing method, and greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test for the loosened circle of the surrounding rock of the charging and rectifying chamber, providing a scientific basis for the design, construction and maintenance of the chamber, and contributing to ensuring the safe and stable operation of the chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for testing the loosened circle of the surrounding rock of a charging and rectifying chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] As shown in the present invention and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, words such as "a", "an", "one" and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may also include plural. Generally speaking, the terms "including" and "comprising" only indicate the inclusion of the clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0041] Although the present invention makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of the present invention, any number of different modules can be used and run on the user terminal and / or the server. The modules are only illustrative, and different aspects of the system and method can use different modules.

[0042] In the present invention, flowcharts are used to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the operations before or after may not necessarily be executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously as needed. At the same time, other operations may also be added to these processes, or one or more steps may be removed from these processes.

[0043] Next, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited by the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a method for testing the loosening zone of the surrounding rock of a charging and rectifying chamber includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1. Arrangement of test points: A number of test points are respectively set at the top, sidewalls, and bottom of the charging and rectifying chamber, and the number of test points is numbered in the order from top to bottom, from left to right, and from front to back. Then, the surfaces of the number of test points are cleaned to remove floating slag and loose rock particles, and acoustic emission probes and acoustic receiving probes are pasted on the number of test points using a coupling agent, and the coupling agent can be vaseline;

[0047] It should be noted that the test points located at the top of the charging and rectifying chamber are distributed along the crown centerline and both sides at a certain interval. The sidewalls of the charging and rectifying chamber are divided into the left sidewall and the right sidewall. The test points located on the sidewalls of the charging and rectifying chamber are distributed along the straight wall part from top to bottom at a certain interval. The test points located at the bottom of the charging and rectifying chamber are distributed along the bottom center and both sides at a certain interval;

[0048] For the test of the surrounding rock in the shallower part, high-frequency probes can be used to obtain higher resolution. For the test of the surrounding rock in the deeper part, low-frequency probes can be used to increase the penetration ability.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, in the present invention, by setting test points at the top, sides, and bottom of the charging and rectifying chamber, the surrounding rock information at different positions of the chamber can be comprehensively obtained. The test points are distributed at certain intervals along the center line and both sides of the arch crown at the top, from top to bottom along the straight wall part at the sides, and along the center and both sides of the floor at the bottom. This layout can effectively capture the changes in the surrounding rock at each key part of the chamber, avoiding the limitations of single-position testing, and providing a basis for accurately evaluating the overall loosening zone of the surrounding rock in the chamber. In addition, according to the different requirements for testing the surrounding rock in the shallower and deeper parts, high-frequency probes and low-frequency probes are respectively used. The high-frequency probe can obtain higher resolution of the shallow surrounding rock, which helps to detect subtle changes in the shallow surrounding rock; the low-frequency probe increases the penetration ability into the deep surrounding rock, enabling the test to cover the entire depth range of the surrounding rock, so as to more comprehensively understand the internal structure and state of the surrounding rock.

[0050] Step 2: Acoustic wave data acquisition: Use the acoustic wave generating device to emit acoustic waves into the interior of the surrounding rock through the acoustic wave transmitting probes set at each test point according to the set frequency and energy, and cooperate with the acoustic wave receiving probes set at each test point to receive the acoustic waves. At the same time, record the acoustic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period. The acoustic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period include the propagation time, wave amplitude, and frequency deviation value of the acoustic wave.

[0051] Specifically, for the propagation time of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period, the acoustic wave emitted by the acoustic wave transmitting probe is used as the time starting point, and the acoustic wave received by the acoustic wave receiving probe is used as the time ending point. The time between the time starting point and the time ending point is used as the propagation time of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period.

[0052] For the wave amplitude of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period, the acoustic wave sensor converts the collected acoustic wave into an electrical signal, and then the wave amplitude information of the acoustic wave is extracted by calculating the root mean square value, so as to obtain the wave amplitude of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period.

[0053] For the frequency deviation value of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period, the digital signal processor analyzes the continuously collected acoustic wave signals by using the fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the frequency spectrum diagram of the signal. Then, an adaptive filter is used to automatically track the change of the signal frequency. When it is detected that the signal frequency deviates, the difference between the current frequency and the initial frequency is calculated to obtain the frequency deviation value of the acoustic wave corresponding to each test point in the charging and rectifying chamber at each test period.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, in the present invention, the time when the acoustic wave transmitting probe emits an acoustic wave is used as the starting point of time, and the time when the acoustic wave receiving probe receives the acoustic wave is used as the end point of time to determine the propagation time, accurately obtaining the time information of the acoustic wave propagating in the surrounding rock, providing key data for subsequent judgment of the loosening condition of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the root mean square value calculation is used to extract the acoustic wave amplitude information, effectively converting the acoustic wave collected by the acoustic wave sensor into an electrical signal and accurately calculating the amplitude. The change in the amplitude can reflect the attenuation of the energy of the acoustic wave during propagation, and further reflect the change in the physical properties of the surrounding rock, such as the degree of rock fragmentation, the development of fractures, etc., greatly improving the accuracy of the test results for the loosening of the surrounding rock.

[0055] Step 3. Acoustic wave parameter analysis: Standardize the acoustic wave parameters corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber. Denote the acoustic wave propagation time corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber as T i , where i represents the number of each test point, i = 1, 2, ……, n, and n represents the total number of the numbers of each test point. At the same time, obtain the average acoustic wave propagation time in the non-loosened area in the charging and distillation chamber, denoted as T 0 . Calculate the standard deviation of the acoustic wave propagation time corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber using the standard deviation formula, denoted as σ T . Then, according to the formula calculate the standard value of the propagation time corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber

[0056] Similarly, calculate the standard value of the amplitude corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber through the acoustic wave amplitude, the standard deviation of the acoustic wave amplitude, and the average acoustic wave amplitude in the non-loosened area corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber

[0057] Calculate the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber through the acoustic wave frequency deviation value, the standard deviation of the acoustic wave frequency deviation value, and the average acoustic wave frequency deviation value in the non-loosened area corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber

[0058] Obtain the number of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging and distillation chamber, denoted as j, where j represents the number of each pair of adjacent test points, j = 1, 2, ……, m, and m represents the total number of the numbers of each pair of adjacent test points. By calculating the difference between the standard value of the propagation time, the standard value of the amplitude, and the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation corresponding to each pair of adjacent test points in the charging and distillation chamber, obtain the difference in the standard deviation of the propagation time, the difference in the standard deviation of the amplitude, and the difference in the standard value of the acoustic wave frequency deviation corresponding to each pair of adjacent test points in each test period in the charging and distillation chamber, denoted as ΔT j 、ΔAj and ΔF j ;

[0059] According to the formula calculate the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient γ corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber i , where a1, a2, a3, and a4 respectively represent the corresponding weight factors, and a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 = 1; specifically, the weight factors are artificially set by analyzing samples of multiple known loosened and unloosened areas. If it is considered that the acoustic wave propagation time is more important in judging the loosening of the surrounding rock, then a1 can be set to 0.4, a2 = 0.2, a3 = 0.2, and a4 = 0.2.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, in the present invention, by standardizing the acoustic wave propagation time, wave amplitude, and frequency deviation value, the data differences caused by factors such as measurement conditions and equipment differences between different test points and test periods are eliminated, making different data comparable. By calculating the standard values corresponding to each test point in each test period, the change rules and trends of the data can be analyzed more accurately. At the same time, by calculating the differences between the propagation time, wave amplitude, and frequency deviation standard values of adjacent test points, the spatial correlation of the surrounding rock is considered. The differences between adjacent test points can reflect the changes in the surrounding rock in a local area, which helps to more accurately determine the boundary and scope of the surrounding rock loosening circle. By comprehensively considering the differences of multiple adjacent test points, the spatial distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock loosening can be understood more comprehensively.

[0061] Step Four: Analysis of the surrounding rock loosening state: Through statistical analysis of the sample data of the known surrounding rock state, artificially preliminarily set the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient, divide the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient into three intervals, and at the same time obtain the boundary values between the three intervals, which are respectively denoted as k1 and k2, and k1 < k2. Compare and analyze the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber with the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient thresholds k1 and k2 to obtain the surrounding rock state signals corresponding to each test point in each test period in the charging distillation chamber;

[0062] If γ i < k1, it means that the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to this test period is stable, and a surrounding rock stable signal is generated;

[0063] If k1 < γ i < k2, it means that the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to this test period is abnormal, and a surrounding rock abnormal signal is generated;

[0064] If γ i > k2, it means that the surrounding rock of this test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to this test period is loosened, and a surrounding rock loosening signal is generated;

[0065] Step 5. Radar detection and analysis: The operator holds the ground penetrating radar antenna and moves it uniformly along the wall surface of the charging and distillation chamber, and uses the ground penetrating radar to emit electromagnetic waves into the surrounding rock for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber, recording the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period. Similarly, calculate the standard values of the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and obtain the standard values of the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, which are respectively denoted as and

[0066] By obtaining the ground penetrating radar detection data of the known historical loosened and unloosened areas of the surrounding rock, constructing a training data set, using a convolutional neural network to learn the training data, and combining the comparison results of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient and the threshold of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, establish a prediction model for the loosened area of the surrounding rock, and use the prediction model for the loosened area of the surrounding rock to set the loosening probability of the surrounding rock as P, where 0 < P < 1;

[0067] Step 6. Verification of surrounding rock loosening test: Further verify and analyze the surrounding rock state signals for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period. After generating the surrounding rock stable signal,

[0068] According to the formula calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. If λ i < R, it means that the surrounding rock is stable, and the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to this test period is determined to be stable; if λ i > R, it means that the surrounding rock is unstable, and the surrounding rock state of this test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to this test period is determined to be verified, and further test the loosening state of the surrounding rock at this test point in the charging and distillation chamber;

[0069] After generating the surrounding rock abnormal signal and the surrounding rock loosening signal,

[0070] According to the formula calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient for each test point in the charging and distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. If λ i<R, it indicates that the surrounding rock is stable. The surrounding rock state corresponding to this test point in the charging and distillation chamber during this test period is defined as verified, and further test the loosening state of the surrounding rock at this test point in the charging and distillation chamber; if λ i >R, it indicates that the surrounding rock is unstable, and the surrounding rock state corresponding to this test point in the charging and distillation chamber during this test period is defined as loosened.

[0071] It should be noted that the set threshold range R of the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient is obtained by collecting a large number of ground penetrating radar detection data samples with known surrounding rock states, covering different degrees of surrounding rock loosening. After statistical analysis of the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficients calculated and analyzed for each sample, the threshold range of the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient is artificially set.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, in the present invention, standard value calculations are performed on the reflection signal intensity and the electromagnetic wave propagation speed, and a prediction model for the surrounding rock loosening area is constructed using a convolutional neural network. The loosening probability of the surrounding rock is set in combination with the acoustic wave analysis coefficient, making full use of the advantages of ground penetrating radar and acoustic wave testing. Through the deep learning model, the surrounding rock loosening area can be predicted more accurately, providing a more reliable guarantee for engineering safety. According to different signals (surrounding rock stable signal, surrounding rock abnormal signal or surrounding rock loosening signal), the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient is calculated and compared with the set threshold range to further verify the state of the surrounding rock. For situations judged to be unstable or requiring verification, further test measures can be taken in a timely manner to ensure an accurate judgment of the surrounding rock loosening state. Through multiple rounds of testing and verification, the judgment of the surrounding rock loosening state is continuously corrected, avoiding the errors and uncertainties of a single test method, and can greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of the test of the surrounding rock loosening circle in the charging and rectification chamber, providing a scientific basis for the design, construction and maintenance of the chamber, and helping to ensure the safe and stable operation of the chamber.

[0073] In summary, the method for testing the surrounding rock loosening circle in the charging and rectification chamber proposed in the present invention can accurately judge the loosening situation of the chamber surrounding rock through comprehensive test point layout, accurate data collection, scientific parameter analysis, effective loosening probability analysis, comprehensive radar detection and reliable test verification, providing strong technical support for engineering practice.

[0074] The above formulas are all dimensionless and take their numerical values for calculation. The formula is obtained by collecting a large number of data for software simulation to obtain a formula closest to the actual situation. The magnitude of the coefficient is a specific value obtained by quantifying each parameter. Regarding the magnitude of the coefficient, as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantified value.

[0075] In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of the present invention can be illustrated and described by several patentable types or situations, including any new and useful process, machine, product, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly, various aspects of the present invention can be implemented entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software can be referred to as a "block", "module", "engine", "unit", "component", or "system". In addition, various aspects of the present invention may manifest as a computer product located in one or more computer-readable media, which includes computer-readable program code.

[0076] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0077] The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting thereof. Although several exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will readily understand that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. It should be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and should not be considered limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and modifications to the disclosed embodiments as well as other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. The present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Arrangement of test points; Step 2: Acoustic wave data collection; Step 3, acoustic wave parameter analysis: standardize the acoustic wave parameters of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, obtain the standard value of propagation time, standard value of amplitude and standard value of acoustic wave frequency deviation of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and at the same time obtain the difference of the standard deviation of propagation time, the difference of the standard deviation of amplitude and the difference of the standard value of acoustic wave frequency deviation of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period; then analyze and obtain the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period; Step 4: Analysis of surrounding rock loosening state: By statistically analyzing the sample data of known surrounding rock states, the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient is preliminarily set artificially, and the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient and the threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber for each test period are compared and analyzed to obtain the surrounding rock state signal corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber for each test period; Step 5, radar detection and analysis: the operator moves the geological radar antenna at a uniform speed along the wall of the charging distillation chamber to obtain the reflected signal strength and electromagnetic wave propagation speed of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, as well as the standard value of the reflected signal strength and the standard value of the electromagnetic wave propagation speed of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period; Step 6. Verification of surrounding rock loosening test: Further verification and analysis of the surrounding rock status signals of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period.

2. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of test point arrangement is: set several test points on the top, side and bottom of the charging distillation chamber respectively, and number the test points in order from top to bottom, from left to right, and from front to back, then clean the surfaces of several test points, and use coupling agent to stick acoustic wave transmitting probes and acoustic wave receiving probes on several test points.

3. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of acoustic wave data collection is: use the acoustic wave generating equipment to transmit acoustic waves into the interior of the surrounding rock according to the set frequency and energy through the acoustic wave transmitting probes set at each test point, and cooperate with the acoustic wave receiving probes set at each test point to receive the acoustic waves, and at the same time record the acoustic wave parameters of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period.

4. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound wave parameters corresponding to each test point in the charging distillation chamber for each test period include the propagation time, amplitude and frequency deviation value of the sound wave.

5. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method of standardizing the acoustic wave parameters of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period is as follows: The sound wave propagation time of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period is recorded as T i , i represents the number of each test point, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n represents the total number of test point numbers, and at the same time, the average sound wave propagation time of the unloose area in the charging distillation chamber is obtained, recorded as T0, and the standard deviation formula is used to calculate the standard deviation of the sound wave propagation time of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, recorded as σ T , then according to the formula Calculate the standard value of propagation time for each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period Similarly, the standard value of the amplitude of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period is calculated through the acoustic amplitude of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, the standard deviation of the acoustic amplitude and the average acoustic amplitude of the unloosened area. The standard value of the sound wave frequency deviation of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period is calculated by the sound wave frequency deviation value, the standard deviation of the sound wave frequency deviation value and the average sound wave frequency deviation value of the unloosened area.

6. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation method of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient corresponding to each test period at each test point in the charging distillation chamber is as follows: The number of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber is obtained, which is recorded as j, where j represents the number of each pair of adjacent test points, j=1, 2, ..., m, where m represents the total number of each pair of adjacent test points. By performing difference calculation on the propagation time standard value, amplitude standard value and acoustic wave frequency deviation standard value of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber, the difference of the propagation time standard deviation, the difference of the amplitude standard deviation and the difference of the acoustic wave frequency deviation standard value corresponding to each test period of each pair of adjacent test points in the charging distillation chamber are obtained, which are recorded as ΔT respectively. j , ΔA j and ΔF j ; According to the formula Calculate the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient γ for each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period i , a1, a2, a3, and a4 represent corresponding weight factors respectively, and a1+a2+a3+a4=1.

7. A method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock in a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the surrounding rock state signal corresponding to each test period at each test point in the charging distillation chamber is as follows: The threshold range of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient is divided into three intervals, and the boundary values ​​between the three intervals are obtained, which are recorded as k1 and k2 respectively. If γ i <k1, it means that the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is stable, and a surrounding rock stability signal is generated; If k1<γ i <k2, it means that the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is abnormal, and a surrounding rock abnormality signal is generated; If γ i >k2, it means that the surrounding rock of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is loose, and a surrounding rock loosening signal is generated.

8. The method for testing the loosening zone of surrounding rock of a charging rectifier chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for further verifying and analyzing the surrounding rock state signals corresponding to each test period at each test point in the charging distillation chamber is as follows: Similarly, the standard values ​​of the reflected signal intensity and electromagnetic wave propagation speed at each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period are calculated to obtain the standard values ​​of the reflected signal intensity and electromagnetic wave propagation speed at each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, which are recorded as and By acquiring geological radar detection data of historically known loose and non-loose areas of surrounding rocks, a training data set is constructed, and a convolutional neural network is used to learn the training data. Combined with the comparison results of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient and the threshold of the surrounding rock loosening acoustic wave analysis coefficient corresponding to each test period at each test point in the charging distillation chamber, a surrounding rock loosening area prediction model is established. The surrounding rock loosening probability is set as P using the surrounding rock loosening area prediction model, where 0<P<1; After generating the surrounding rock stability signal, According to the formula Calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. i <R, it means that the surrounding rock is stable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is defined as stable; if λ i >R, it means that the surrounding rock is unstable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is determined as verification, and the surrounding rock loosening state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber is further tested; after generating the surrounding rock abnormal signal and the surrounding rock loosening signal, according to the formula: Calculate the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period, and compare the electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient of each test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to each test period with the set electromagnetic wave analysis coefficient threshold range R. i <R, it means that the surrounding rock is stable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is determined as verification, and the loose state of the surrounding rock of the test point in the charging distillation chamber is further tested; if λ i >R, it means that the surrounding rock is unstable, and the surrounding rock state of the test point in the charging distillation chamber corresponding to the test period is defined as loose.

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