High-voltage line hidden danger distributed accurate positioning on-line monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power monitoring, and discloses a high-voltage line hidden danger distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device, which comprises a lower shell, an upper shell is mounted at the top of the lower shell, magnetic buckles are arranged in the lower shell and the upper shell, and chucks are rotationally arranged in the lower shell and the upper shell; inner lantern rings are installed in the lower shell and the upper shell, supporting blocks are fixed to the two sides of the lower shell and the two sides of the upper shell, PLC modules are arranged between the inner lantern rings and the supporting blocks, a sliding groove is formed in the chuck, clamping blocks distributed in an annular array are arranged in the chuck, and the clamping blocks slide in the sliding groove. And a limiting plate is fixed at one end of the clamping block. Through cooperation of the clamping block, the clamping disc, the limiting plate and other parts, the equipment can adapt to cables of different thicknesses for installation, meanwhile, the equipment can be rapidly installed through an unmanned aerial vehicle, manual high-altitude operation is not needed, the application range of the equipment is widened, and the operation risk of the equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power monitoring, and particularly to an on-line monitoring device for distributed precise positioning of hidden dangers in high-voltage lines. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the expansion of the scale of the power system and the increase in the area covered by high-voltage lines, the existing high-voltage line monitoring technologies mainly rely on traditional sensor devices and manual inspections for fault detection and positioning. Most of the existing monitoring devices use a single sensor, such as a traveling wave current sensor, a temperature sensor or a vibration sensor, to obtain fault signals and transmit them to the monitoring platform for analysis. Although this technology can monitor the state of high-voltage lines to a certain extent, due to its strong dependence on environmental conditions, it is difficult to provide high-precision positioning results in complex and changeable environments.

[0003] It can be seen that the existing technologies have certain limitations in some aspects, especially in terms of equipment adaptability, safety and efficiency. Most of the existing devices cannot adapt to cables of different thicknesses, resulting in certain difficulties and limitations in installation and unable to achieve unified adaptation. In addition, the installation and maintenance of the devices mostly rely on manual labor, especially when high-altitude operations are required, there are relatively high operation risks. In harsh climate environments, such as heavy snow and freezing conditions, the devices are easily affected by external weather factors, and the outer shells are prone to water accumulation or icing, thus affecting the normal operation of the devices. Moreover, the sensors and monitoring devices in the existing technologies often have difficulty in effectively coping with interference and signal attenuation in complex environments, resulting in low fault positioning accuracy and unable to meet the requirements of the changing power line environments. Therefore, how to improve the applicable range of the devices, reduce the risks of high-altitude operations, and enhance the operation ability of the devices in extreme environments has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technologies, the present invention provides an on-line monitoring device for distributed precise positioning of hidden dangers in high-voltage lines, which solves the problems of insufficient adaptability of the existing high-voltage line monitoring devices, poor operation safety and low fault positioning accuracy in complex environments.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A distributed precise positioning on-line monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines, including a lower shell, an upper shell is installed on the top of the lower shell, magnetic snap buttons are arranged inside both the lower shell and the upper shell, and chuck plates are rotated inside both the lower shell and the upper shell; inner collar rings are installed inside both the lower shell and the upper shell, support blocks are fixed on both sides of the lower shell and the upper shell, a PLC module is arranged between the inner collar ring and the support block, sliding grooves are formed inside the chuck plates, clamping blocks are arranged inside the chuck plates in an annular array, the clamping blocks all slide inside the sliding grooves, one end of each clamping block is fixed with a limiting plate, a first fixing plate is fixed on the side of the limiting plate away from the clamping block, a telescopic rod is installed on one side of the first fixing plate, a support block is installed inside the chuck plate, a double-headed motor is arranged on the top of the support block, a rotating column is rotated inside the support block, the output end of the double-headed motor is fixed on one side of the rotating column, a first connecting rod slides inside the other side of the rotating column, a threaded column is fixed at one end of the first connecting rod away from the rotating column, a second connecting rod is fixed at one end of the threaded column away from the first connecting rod, a gear slides on the outer wall of the second connecting rod, a toothed ring is installed on the side of the chuck plate away from the clamping block, the toothed ring is meshed with the gear, and a connecting component is arranged on one side of the gear.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting component includes a third connecting rod, the third connecting rod rotates on the side of the gear away from the second connecting rod, a convex cylinder at one end of the third connecting rod rotates a second fixing plate, and the second fixing plate is fixed inside the inner collar ring.

[0007] Preferably, a cam is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating column.

[0008] Preferably, pull plates are fixed on the outer walls of both the lower shell and the upper shell.

[0009] Preferably, the threaded column is threaded inside the chuck plate.

[0010] Preferably, the PLC module includes: Multiple sensor units, each sensor unit is used to collect environmental data and line state data at different positions of the high-voltage line; a data processing unit, which is connected to the multiple sensor units, is used to receive the data sent by the multiple sensor units, perform data processing, and accurately locate the fault position according to the time difference inversion method, the fractal correction factor and the multi-scale wave equation; a communication module, which is connected to the data processing unit, is used to send the fault location result, fault type and other relevant data processed by the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform through wireless communication; The background monitoring platform, which is connected to the communication module and receives data from the communication module through wireless communication, is used to perform fault diagnosis, analysis and generate fault handling instructions, and notify relevant personnel for maintenance.

[0011] Preferably, the multiple sensor units include: A traveling wave current sensor for collecting traveling wave current signals in a high-voltage line; A vibration sensor for collecting mechanical vibration signals near the high-voltage line; A temperature sensor for collecting temperature change data on the surface of the line; The multiple sensor units process the collected signals through a data fusion algorithm and output comprehensive fault information for further analysis and processing by the data processing unit.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing unit uses the time difference inversion method, the fractal correction factor, the multi-scale wave equation, and the adaptive optimization algorithm for fault location; In the data processing unit, the time difference inversion method includes the time difference of the fault signals measured by multiple sensors. The signal propagation path is determined through the time difference inversion method, and the fault point location is calculated based on the time difference information; The fractal correction factor is used to dynamically correct the propagation speed. The correction factor is adjusted according to the influence of terrain and climate environment factors to ensure accurate positioning. The calculation formula of the time difference inversion method is: where, Δt i,j is the time difference between sensors i and j, representing the time difference of the signal propagation from the fault point to sensors i and j; d i,j is the spatial distance between sensors i and j, representing the physical distance from the fault point to these two sensors; v is the signal propagation speed, usually the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium; ∈(x) is the fractal correction factor, representing the influence of terrain, climate, or other environmental factors on signal propagation, which varies according to the position (x).

[0013] Preferably, the multi-scale wave equation in the data processing unit is used to describe the signal propagation process. The wave equation takes into account the change in the signal propagation path caused by terrain and climate changes in the power line. The modified form of the wave equation is: where, is the Laplace operator, representing the second-order derivative in space, used to describe the expansion and change of the signal in space; u(x,t) is the signal displacement, usually referring to the signal intensity or current value at position x; v is the signal propagation speed, usually referring to the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves or other waves; S(t) is the time scale factor, representing the time scale change in the signal propagation process, used to adjust the propagation speed and consider the influence of environmental factors; the second-order time derivative of the signal u, representing the acceleration or change rate of the signal with time; is with respect to time t 2Taking the second-order partial derivative is usually used to describe the rate of change of a signal or physical quantity over time; f(x,t) is an external disturbance source, representing the external force or excitation source that affects the signal propagation.

[0014] Preferably, the background monitoring platform analyzes the fault type through the received real-time data, generates a processing instruction, and sends the fault processing instruction to the relevant personnel by means of SMS, email or application notification for fault repair and emergency response.

[0015] The present invention provides a distributed precise positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the cooperation among components such as clamping blocks, chucks and limit plates, the device of the present invention can be adapted to cables of different thicknesses for installation. At the same time, the device can also be quickly installed by a drone, eliminating the need for manual high-altitude operation, solving the problems that the device cannot be uniformly adapted to cables of different thicknesses and the operation of high-altitude workers is too dangerous, thereby improving the applicable range of the device and reducing the operation risk of the device.

[0016] 2. Through the cooperation among components such as rotating columns, cams and telescopic rods, when the device encounters extreme weather such as heavy snow, the corresponding device can knock on the outer shell through the telescopic rod that repeatedly extends and retracts by the repeatedly rotating cam, so as to achieve the vibration amplitude that the components can accept, solving the problem that the outer shell is prone to accumulate rainwater and snowflakes, resulting in ice formation on the outer shell and affecting the operation, thereby improving the operation ability of the device in extreme environments.

[0017] 3. Through the technical solution combining multi-sensor data fusion and fractal correction, and using the coordinated work of traveling wave current sensors, vibration sensors and temperature sensors, the high-voltage line faults can be monitored and located in real time and accurately. It also ensures that the fault information obtained from different angles can be effectively integrated, improving the accuracy and robustness of positioning; at the same time, it ensures that efficient signal propagation calculation and precise positioning can be maintained in complex environments, so as to adaptively adjust in the changing power line environment, reduce errors, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is an expanded schematic view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a sectional view of the lower shell of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view at A in Figure 5 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the inner sleeve ring of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the right side structure of the threaded post of the present invention; Figure 7 Distribution diagram of the positions of the PLC modules of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the PLC module of the present invention.

[0019] Wherein, 1. Lower shell; 2. Upper shell; 3. Magnetic snap; 4. Chuck; 5. Clamping block; 6. Limiting plate; 7. Sliding groove; 8. First fixing plate; 9. Telescopic rod; 10. Inner sleeve ring; 11. Support block; 12. Double-headed motor; 13. Rotating column; 14. First connecting rod; 15. Threaded post; 16. Second connecting rod; 17. Cam; 18. Gear; 19. Second fixing plate; 20. Third connecting rod; 21. Pulling plate; 22. Tooth ring; 23. PLC module. Specific embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1: Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a distributed precise positioning on-line monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines, including a lower shell 1, an upper shell 2 is installed on the top of the lower shell 1, magnetic snap buttons 3 are arranged inside both the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, and clamping plates 4 are rotated inside both the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2; inner collar rings 10 are installed inside both the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, support blocks 11 are fixed on both sides of the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, a PLC module 23 is arranged between the inner collar rings 10 and the support blocks 11, a chute 7 is opened inside the clamping plate 4, clamping blocks 5 arranged in an annular array are arranged inside the clamping plate 4, the clamping blocks 5 all slide inside the chute 7, a limiting plate 6 is fixed at one end of the clamping block 5, a first fixing plate 8 is fixed on the side of the limiting plate 6 away from the clamping block 5, a telescopic rod 9 is installed on one side of the first fixing plate 8, a support block 11 is installed inside the clamping plate 4, a double-headed motor 12 is arranged on the top of the support block 11, a rotating column 13 is rotated inside the support block 11, the output end of the double-headed motor 12 is fixed on one side of the rotating column 13, a first connecting rod 14 slides inside the other side of the rotating column 13, a threaded column 15 is fixed at one end of the first connecting rod 14 away from the rotating column 13, a second connecting rod 16 is fixed at one end of the threaded column 15 away from the first connecting rod 14, a gear 18 slides on the outer wall of the second connecting rod 16, a toothed ring 22 is installed on the side of the clamping plate 4 away from the clamping block 5, the toothed ring 22 meshes with the gear 18, and a connecting component is arranged on one side of the gear 18; the connecting component includes a third connecting rod 20, the third connecting rod 20 is rotated on the side of the gear 18 away from the second connecting rod 16, a convex cylinder at one end of the third connecting rod 20 rotates a second fixing plate 19, and the second fixing plate 19 is fixed inside the inner collar ring 10; a cam 17 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating column 13; pull plates 21 are fixed on the outer walls of both the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2; the threaded column 15 is threaded inside the clamping plate 4.

[0022] Specifically, during the installation process of the device, first, a drone can be used to accurately transport the position of the clamping pull plate 21 to ensure that it is transported to the designated installation position. When the pull plate 21 is clamped by the drone and stably sent to the target position, then the opening and closing degree between the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 is controlled by adjusting the clamping tightness of the drone. At this time, after being transported to the designated position, the cable can be positioned at the center of the device, and further, the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 are controlled to close through the pull plate 21. This ensures that the magnetic snap buttons 3 can be magnetically adsorbed, so that the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 are completely closed, and the cable is firmly wrapped between them.

[0023] Meanwhile, the cable is not only wrapped between the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, but also positioned at the circular hole in the middle of the chuck 4. In this structure, both sides of the support block 11 are made of rubber material and are extruded and deformed to closely fit the cable, effectively blocking the gap and preventing external environmental factors from interfering with the equipment. To further enhance stability, the double-headed motor 12 is started to drive the rotating column 13 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating column 13, the first connecting rod 14 is driven by the rotating column 13, so that the threaded column 15 also rotates synchronously. Due to the thread design, the rotation of the threaded column 15 drives the first connecting rod 14 to slide inside the rotating column 13, and at the same time, the second connecting rod 16 also rotates with the threaded column 15 to maintain synchronization.

[0024] During this process, both the first connecting rod 14 and the second connecting rod 16 are equipped with limiting strips to ensure that they do not interfere with the free rotation of the threaded column 15 and the gear 18 while sliding. When the gear 18 rotates, it drives the toothed ring 22 to rotate together through the tooth engagement between the toothed ring 22, thereby driving the overall circular chuck 4 to rotate to a certain extent. The chuck 4 is installed between the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 and can rotate moderately at its respective installation positions to avoid overall detachment, so that the chuck 4 can operate stably.

[0025] The rotation of the chuck 4 is realized through the arranged sliding groove 7 and the arc-shaped channel, so that the clamping block 5 slides under the constraint of the limiting plate 6. This design effectively avoids the rotation of the clamping block 5 when the chuck 4 rotates, thereby restricting the clamping block 5 to only approach and disperse when the position of the sliding groove 7 changes. In addition, the telescopic rod 9 and the first fixing plate 8 work together to ensure that the clamping block 5 does not change its position as the chuck 4 rotates, further ensuring that the cable is clamped and stable, and ensuring the fixation of the cable during the equipment installation process.

[0026] During the whole process, the threaded column 15 completes precise adjustment with the rotation, ensuring the stability of the equipment. Even when the double-headed motor 12 is not working, the stable rotation of the threaded column 15 can ensure that the clamping block 5 always maintains the clamping effect on the cable and avoids the loosening of the cable.

[0027] And when the rotating column 13 rotates, the correspondingly arranged cam 17 rotates around the rotating column 13. Furthermore, through the eccentric setting, the end set as a soft rubber head continuously knocks on the position of the upper shell 2. At the same time, if the rotating column 13 rotates back and forth repeatedly, the corresponding telescopic rod 9 will continuously be in a telescopic state, so that the end of the soft rubber head of the telescopic rod 9 can continuously knock on the lower shell 1 or the upper shell 2 to cooperate with the cam 17 to make the lower shell 1 or the upper shell 2 vibrate slightly. In this way, in extremely cold weather, the equipment can make rainwater unable to accumulate and freeze through this vibration, and snowflakes can also be shaken off to a certain extent when it snows.

[0028] Embodiment 2: Please refer to the appendixFigure 8 , the PLC module 23 includes: Multiple sensor units, each sensor unit is used to collect environmental data and line status data at different positions of the high-voltage line; a data processing unit, which is connected to the multiple sensor units, is used to receive the data sent by the multiple sensor units, perform data processing, and accurately locate the fault location according to the time difference inversion method, fractal correction factor and multi-scale wave equation; a communication module, which is connected to the data processing unit, is used to send the fault location result, fault type and other relevant data processed by the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform through wireless communication; The background monitoring platform, which is connected to the communication module and receives data from the communication module through wireless communication, is used to perform fault diagnosis, analysis and generate fault handling instructions, and notify relevant personnel for maintenance; The multiple sensor units include: A traveling wave current sensor, which is used to collect the traveling wave current signal in the high-voltage line; A vibration sensor, which is used to collect the mechanical vibration signal near the high-voltage line; A temperature sensor, which is used to collect the temperature change data on the surface of the line; The multiple sensor units process the collected signals through a data fusion algorithm and output comprehensive fault information for further analysis and processing by the data processing unit; The data processing unit uses the time difference inversion method, fractal correction factor, multi-scale wave equation and adaptive optimization algorithm for fault location; In the data processing unit, the time difference inversion method includes the time difference of the fault signals measured by multiple sensors. The signal propagation path is determined by the time difference inversion method, and the fault point location is calculated according to the time difference information; The fractal correction factor is used to dynamically correct the propagation speed, and the correction factor is adjusted according to the influence of terrain and climate environment factors to ensure accurate positioning. The calculation formula of the time difference inversion method is: where, Δt i,j is the time difference between sensors i and j, representing the signal propagation time difference from the fault point to sensors i and j; d i,j is the spatial distance between sensors i and j, representing the physical distance from the fault point to these two sensors; v is the signal propagation speed, usually the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium; ∈(x) is the fractal correction factor, representing the influence of terrain, climate or other environmental factors on signal propagation, which varies according to the different position (x); The multi-scale wave equation in the data processing unit is used to describe the signal propagation process. The wave equation takes into account the changes in the signal propagation path due to terrain and climate changes in the power line. The modified form of the wave equation is as follows: Where, is the Laplace operator, representing the second-order derivative in space, which is used to describe the expansion and change of the signal in space; u(x,t) is the displacement of the signal, usually referring to the signal intensity or current value at position x; v is the signal propagation speed, usually referring to the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves or other waves; S(t) is the time scale factor, representing the time scale change in the signal propagation process, which is used to adjust the propagation speed and consider the influence of environmental factors; The second-order time derivative of the signal u, representing the acceleration or change rate of the signal with respect to time; is the second-order partial derivative with respect to time t 2 which is usually used to describe the change rate of the signal or physical quantity with respect to time; f(x,t) is the external disturbance source, representing the external force or excitation source that affects the signal propagation; The background monitoring platform analyzes the fault type through the received real-time data, generates processing instructions, and sends the fault processing instructions to relevant personnel via text message, email, or application notification for fault repair and emergency response.

[0029] Specifically, in the present invention, multiple sensor units are the core components of the distributed precise positioning online monitoring system for hidden dangers in high-voltage lines. Each sensor unit, through close cooperation with other system modules, jointly realizes the real-time monitoring and precise positioning of high-voltage line faults. Each sensor unit can collect real-time status data of the high-voltage line, including current signals, mechanical vibrations, temperature, etc., and processes them through a data fusion algorithm to provide a reliable basis for fault location.

[0030] Generally, the sensor unit includes but is not limited to various types such as traveling wave current sensors, vibration sensors, and temperature sensors. The selection and configuration of each sensor are optimized according to the actual monitoring requirements and line characteristics, so as to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the monitoring system in a complex environment. Multiple sensor units are usually installed at different positions of the transmission line and cooperate with each other to provide comprehensive data support.

[0031] In this embodiment, the traveling wave current sensor is used to collect the traveling wave signal of the current in real time. The traveling wave current sensor is mainly used to detect the current changes caused by faults in high-voltage lines, especially the current fluctuations caused by lightning strikes, tree faults, or equipment failures. The traveling wave current signal will generate instantaneous current pulses during a fault, and the sensor transmits these pulse signals to the data processing unit for further analysis by the fault location system.

[0032] Specifically, the traveling wave current sensor uses high-frequency sampling technology to quickly record and transmit transient traveling wave signals generated in high-voltage lines due to faults or external factors. In the sensor unit, a fast sampling method is adopted, which can capture the current fluctuation signals in a short time, and calculate the propagation time difference through the time difference inversion method, and then deduce the exact location of the fault point.

[0033] As an option, vibration sensors are used to monitor the mechanical vibrations of the surrounding environment of the transmission line, especially the vibrations generated when the line is affected by external forces or factors such as wind deflection. Vibration sensors can efficiently detect the vibration amplitude of the transmission line. Especially when external factors such as wind, snow or animal interference act on the line, the sensor can capture minute vibration changes in real time and feedback them to the data processing unit.

[0034] When the acquisition of vibration signals is used in combination with traveling wave current signals, the fault location accuracy can be improved. In some embodiments, the cooperation between the vibration sensor and the traveling wave current sensor can better identify whether a fault is caused by external forces, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of the system.

[0035] In addition, in this embodiment, temperature sensors are used to collect temperature change data on the surface of the transmission line. Especially in the low-temperature environment in winter, line faults may occur due to ice and snow accumulation or coverage. Temperature sensors can accurately measure the temperature changes on the line surface and timely feedback possible danger signals, such as whether there is ice and snow accumulation on the line.

[0036] Temperature sensors can provide important fault warning information. Especially for some potential hidden problems, such as wire damage in the case of icing or high temperature, they can give an alarm and locate in advance before the problem deteriorates further. By fusing with other sensor data, the output of the temperature sensor can be combined with current and vibration data to further improve the accuracy of fault identification.

[0037] In a possible implementation, multiple sensor units transmit the collected data to the data processing unit through wireless communication. The data processing unit conducts comprehensive analysis based on the collected data, and applies the time difference inversion method, fractal correction factor, multi-scale wave equation and adaptive optimization algorithm to accurately locate the fault. The sensor data is quickly transmitted to the data processing unit through the wireless communication network to ensure real-time performance and accuracy.

[0038] On this basis, the time difference inversion method is used to further deduce the exact location where the fault occurs according to the propagation time difference of the fault signals measured by the sensors. The calculation formula of the time difference inversion method is: Wherein: wherein, Δt i,j is the time difference between sensors i and j, representing the time difference of signal propagation from the fault point to sensors i and j; d i,j is the spatial distance between sensors i and j, representing the physical distance from the fault point to these two sensors; v is the signal propagation speed, usually the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium; ∈(x) is the fractal correction factor, representing the influence of terrain, climate or other environmental factors on signal propagation, which varies according to the position (x).

[0039] Through further processing of the time difference inversion and combining with the fusion of sensor data, the data processing unit can achieve accurate fault location. Especially in complex environments, it can effectively eliminate the errors caused by environmental factors.

[0040] In this embodiment, the layout and setting of multiple sensor units are not limited to a single form. In some embodiments, the sensor units can be flexibly adjusted according to the length of the line, environmental characteristics and specific conditions of the installation location. By setting multiple sensor units at different locations, the operation status of the high-voltage line can be comprehensively monitored to ensure full coverage and high-precision fault location.

[0041] At the same time, the cooperation between sensor units also provides stronger data support for fault diagnosis. For example, when multiple sensors detect abnormal signals at the same location, the data processing unit will give priority to the combined results of these signals, increasing the accuracy and reliability of fault location. In this way, the system can quickly identify the nature and location of the fault through the fusion of multi-point data, and take repair measures in time to avoid further equipment damage or accidents.

[0042] As one of the core components of the online monitoring system for distributed precise location of hidden dangers in high-voltage lines, the data processing unit is responsible for receiving and processing data from multiple sensor units. The data processing unit can not only accurately calculate the fault location, but also make dynamic adjustments according to the collected data. Its task is to comprehensively analyze the signals collected by different sensor units and use a variety of advanced algorithms to achieve precise fault location and fault nature analysis.

[0043] Generally, data is transmitted between the data processing unit and multiple sensor units through wireless communication. The data processing unit processes the traveling wave current signal, vibration signal and temperature signal collected by the sensors, and uses technical means such as time difference inversion method, fractal correction factor and multi-scale wave equation to accurately analyze the data, so as to achieve efficient location of the fault location.

[0044] In this embodiment, the data processing unit first performs preliminary data cleaning and denoising by receiving signals from the traveling wave current sensor, vibration sensor, and temperature sensor. Then, the time difference inversion method is used to calculate the fault location based on the signal propagation time difference measured by the sensors. During this process, the data processing unit also takes into account the influence of environmental factors and dynamically adjusts the propagation speed by introducing a fractal correction factor ∈(x).

[0045] As an option, the data processing unit also uses the multi-scale wave equation to model signal propagation, further improving the calculation accuracy of signal propagation in complex environments. The use of the multi-scale wave equation can take into account the propagation effects of signals at different spatial and temporal scales, making the processing process more accurate. Its calculation formula is: where is the second-order spatial derivative of the signal u at position x and time t; v is the propagation speed of the signal; S(t) is the time-scale factor, representing the time-scale adjustment during signal propagation; is the second-order derivative of the signal u with respect to time, representing the acceleration or rate of change of the signal; f(x,t) is the external disturbance source, representing external factors that may affect signal propagation; is the second-order partial derivative with respect to time t 2 is taken.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the data processing unit uses this wave equation to perform real-time analysis on current, vibration, and temperature signals, ensuring accurate modeling of signal propagation at different scales. This multi-scale modeling technique can effectively handle the changes that may occur in the signal in complex environments, especially in complex terrains such as mountains and forests, and can eliminate the signal propagation errors caused by environmental differences.

[0047] Specifically, the data processing unit analyzes the time difference and fluctuation characteristics of signal propagation by performing spatio-temporal fusion on data from multiple sensors, thereby accurately determining the location of the fault point. In addition, the data processing unit also compares the received signals with the historical data model to optimize the fault location result and further improve the fault detection rate and location accuracy of the system.

[0048] As an option, the data processing unit can also be equipped with an adaptive optimization algorithm, such as the particle swarm optimization algorithm PSO, to reduce the positioning error by continuously adjusting system parameters. In practical applications, as the data collected by the sensors is continuously updated, the data processing unit can optimize the parameter settings in real time to make the system better adapt to different environmental conditions.

[0049] In some embodiments, the data processing unit dynamically selects the most suitable optimization algorithm for fault location based on the current environmental conditions, the data measured by the sensors, and the historical data. For example, when the environmental factors change drastically, the system can automatically adjust the parameters in the wave equation to ensure the stability and reliability of the location results.

[0050] As an important part of the distributed precise location online monitoring system for hidden dangers in high-voltage lines, the communication module is mainly responsible for transmitting the fault location results and relevant data calculated by the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform in real time. The role of the communication module is crucial. It not only undertakes the real-time data transmission task of the system but also ensures the rapid transmission and efficient sharing of monitoring information. Cooperating closely with the aforementioned sensor unit and data processing unit, the communication module can ensure the real-time responsiveness and efficiency of the entire system.

[0051] Generally, the communication module plays the role of a bridge for information transmission in the system. It transmits the data from multiple sensor units to the data processing unit through wireless communication, and then transmits the processed data and fault location information to the background monitoring platform. Due to the special environment of high-voltage lines and the long line span, the design of the communication module is required to have strong anti-interference ability and stability.

[0052] In this embodiment, the communication module adopts wireless communication technologies such as GPRS, Wi-Fi, or 5G network protocols to ensure the reliability and real-time nature of data transmission. Specifically, the communication module can select an appropriate communication protocol according to the actual environmental conditions and system requirements. For example, in long-distance and high-speed transmission scenarios, using 5G technology can ensure low latency and large bandwidth of data transmission; while in some areas with more complex environments, it may be more inclined to use low-power wide-area network LPWAN technologies such as NB-IoT or LoRaWAN.

[0053] As an option, the communication module can also ensure that the system can still transmit data through the backup channel when one of the communication channels fails through the redundant design of the wireless network, ensuring the high reliability and continuity of the monitoring system. This redundant design can improve the stability of the system in special environments or extreme situations.

[0054] Specifically, the main functions of the communication module include: Data transmission: Transmit the fault location, fault type, and real-time monitoring data of relevant signals calculated in the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform through wireless communication.

[0055] Signal Encoding and Encryption: To ensure the security of data transmission, the communication module supports signal encoding and encryption technologies. An encryption protocol is adopted during data transmission to prevent data from being stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0056] Real-time Assurance: The communication module can ensure the real-time nature of fault information. When a fault occurs in the system, it can respond quickly and transmit the fault information to the background monitoring platform through the communication module, ensuring that relevant personnel can obtain fault diagnosis and processing instructions in a timely manner.

[0057] In some embodiments, the communication module automatically adjusts the transmission mode according to the received data priority and data volume. For high-priority emergency fault information, the communication module can give priority to transmission through high-speed and low-latency channels such as the 5G network; while for ordinary monitoring data, a communication channel with low power consumption and low bandwidth can be selected to reduce network load.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the communication module can also support data compression technology to reduce the amount of data during transmission, thereby improving the transmission speed and bandwidth utilization. Data compression technology is particularly important for some low-frequency and redundant data such as periodic environmental monitoring data, which can significantly improve the overall transmission efficiency of the system.

[0059] In another possible implementation, the communication module can also include multiple wireless communication interfaces, which can be automatically switched according to the actual environmental conditions and network coverage. For example, when a certain communication interface fails, the system can continue data transmission through the backup interface to ensure the continuity and high availability of the monitoring system.

[0060] The communication module communicates with the data processing unit through a data transmission protocol. Generally, the communication module adopts common wireless communication protocols such as MQTT or HTTP protocols to ensure that data can be transmitted to the background monitoring platform in a short time and has efficient data exchange capabilities. The data is encoded and verified according to a predetermined protocol during transmission to ensure the reliability and integrity of the information transfer process.

[0061] Specifically, the communication module will transmit data from the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform at regular time intervals according to the system settings. For the fault location result, after the data processing unit completes the calculation, the communication module will immediately package and send the fault location information, fault type and related data to the background monitoring platform. After receiving the data, the background monitoring platform immediately analyzes the fault information and generates processing instructions to notify relevant personnel to repair the fault.

[0062] The main function of the background monitoring platform is to process and analyze the data transmitted from multiple sensor units and data processing units. It not only receives and stores a large amount of data from sensors, but also can perform real-time analysis and processing based on the data, so as to diagnose the type of fault, calculate the location of the fault point in the first time, and provide corresponding fault handling suggestions. As the core of the system, the efficiency and stability of the background monitoring platform directly affect the working effect of the entire monitoring system.

[0063] In this embodiment, the background monitoring platform is connected to the communication module through wireless communication, and receives the fault location result, fault type and related monitoring data transmitted from the data processing unit. After these data are further processed by the background monitoring platform, a fault diagnosis report will be generated, and a processing instruction will be automatically generated according to the fault type. Specifically, the fault location results received by the background monitoring platform include: the fault point As an option, the background monitoring platform can compare and analyze the received data with historical monitoring data to check for repetitive faults or potential risks. Based on this analysis, the background monitoring platform can not only quickly diagnose existing faults, but also predict potential fault risks, thus providing an early warning function for the system to help maintenance personnel prevent faults and maintain equipment in advance. Specifically, the background monitoring platform uses its powerful data analysis ability to automatically identify the fault type and possible fault sources, and send real-time fault handling notifications to the staff.

[0064] In some embodiments, the background monitoring platform further combines historical data, real-time monitoring data, and external environmental factors, and uses artificial intelligence algorithms to predict fault trends. In this way, when some fault risks that have not yet fully emerged occur, the platform can issue an alarm in advance, thus avoiding system shutdown or larger-scale faults. For example, by analyzing the data collected by sensors, the background monitoring platform can detect abnormal fluctuations in current, and combine temperature and vibration data to infer whether problems such as line overheating and equipment aging may occur, so as to take maintenance measures in advance.

[0065] Specifically, the background monitoring platform adopts an efficient data processing algorithm to classify and locate faults. When the system receives the fault location result from the data processing unit through the communication module, the background monitoring platform will further analyze the data according to the predetermined algorithm, calculate the specific location of the fault, confirm the fault type such as lightning strike, tree fault, wind deviation, etc., and verify the location result according to historical data. The background platform can also display real-time location information through a visual interface to help operation and maintenance personnel intuitively understand the fault location and the affected range.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the background monitoring platform can not only identify the type of fault, but also generate an emergency response plan through data interaction. Through this emergency response plan, the background monitoring platform can generate repair instructions in real time and notify the inspection personnel or operators to conduct on-site disposal. These repair instructions are sent to the relevant personnel via text messages, emails or application notifications to ensure that the faults are handled in a timely and effective manner.

[0067] In addition, the background monitoring platform can also be connected to an external intelligent operation and maintenance system to provide fault location and early warning data. This function enables the operation and maintenance personnel of the power system to directly view the fault information on the background platform, conduct diagnosis and make decisions. At the same time, the diagnosis and analysis results of the background monitoring platform can be used as the basis for subsequent maintenance and repair work to ensure the reliability and safety of the high-voltage line.

[0068] Specifically, the background monitoring platform includes the following functional modules: Fault diagnosis module: Analyze the received fault signals, automatically determine the type of fault such as lightning strike, tree obstacle, wind deviation, external force damage, etc., and generate a fault report.

[0069] Location analysis module: Based on the fault location information provided by the data processing unit and combined with environmental factors, accurately determine the fault point and draw a fault distribution map.

[0070] Early warning and notification module: When detecting potential fault risks or anomalies, the background monitoring platform issues an early warning through the alarm system and promptly sends the fault information to the relevant personnel via text messages, emails, etc.

[0071] Historical data comparison module: Compare the historical fault data with the current data to check for potential repeated faults in the system and conduct trend prediction.

[0072] As another possible implementation, the background monitoring platform can also perform remote control according to the fault diagnosis results. For example, through the remote control function of the platform, the background monitoring platform can remotely adjust the operating parameters of the equipment in some cases to avoid further deterioration of the fault.

[0073] Working principle: When the device is installed, the clamping plate 21 can be transported to the designated installation position by a drone. At the same time, the degree of opening and closing between the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 is controlled by the tightness of the drone's clamping. When it is transported to the designated position, the cable is placed in the middle of the device. Then, the clamping plate 21 is controlled to close the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, so that the magnetic snap buttons 3 can be magnetically attracted to each other. When the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 are closed, the cable is wrapped in the middle. At this time, in addition to being located between the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2, the cable is also at the circular hole position in the middle of the chuck 4. At this time, both sides of the support block 11 are deformed by extrusion of rubber material, so that it tightly fits with the cable, blocking the gap to prevent the external environment from affecting the device. At the same time, the double-headed motor 12 starts to operate, driving the rotating column 13 to rotate. The rotating rotating column 13 will drive the threaded column 15 to rotate synchronously through the connecting rod 14. When the threaded column 15 rotates, due to the thread, it will drive the connecting rod 14 to slide inside the rotating column 13. At the same time, the connecting rod 16 will also rotate with the threaded column 15 and slide synchronously with the connecting rod 14 inside the gear 18 while rotating. Both the connecting rod 14 and the connecting rod 16 are provided with limit bars, which can slide without affecting their respective abilities to drive the threaded column 15 and the gear 18 to rotate. When the gear 18 rotates, the corresponding connecting rod 20 rotates with the gear 18. Then, under the restriction of the fixed plate 19, the rotation effect is stable. At the same time, the rotating gear 18 will drive the chuck 4, which is combined into a whole circle, to rotate to a certain extent through the meshing of the tooth marks with the tooth ring 22. The chuck 4 is provided at the positions of the lower shell 1 and the upper shell 2 respectively, and it can rotate to a certain extent at its respective installation positions without detaching completely as a whole. In this way, the combined rotating chuck 4 can make the clamping block 5 slide under the limitation of the limiting plate 6 through the setting of the curved channel of the chute 7. And the telescopic rod 9 provided through the fixed plate 8 also restricts the clamping block 5 from rotating with the chuck 4, and it will only move closer and disperse due to the change in the position of the chute 7, so that the cable can be clamped by the clamping block 5, thereby stabilizing the installation position of the device. At the same time, after the rotation of the threaded column 15 determines the stability, even if the double-headed motor 12 does not operate, the clamping block 5 clamping the cable will not loosen.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines, comprising a lower shell (1), characterized in that: An upper shell (2) is installed on the top of the lower shell (1); magnetic buckles (3) are arranged inside the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (2); and a chuck (4) is rotatable inside the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (2); inner rings (10) are installed inside the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (2); support blocks (11) are fixed on both sides of the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (2); a PLC module (23) is arranged between the inner ring (10) and the support block (11); a slide groove (7) is opened inside the chuck (4); clamping blocks (5) distributed in a ring array are arranged inside the chuck (4); the clamping blocks (5) all slide inside the slide groove (7); a limiting plate (6) is fixed at one end of the clamping block (5); a fixing plate (8) is fixed on the side of the limiting plate (6) away from the clamping block (5); one side of the fixing plate (8) A telescopic rod (9) is installed, a support block (11) is installed inside the chuck (4), a double-headed motor (12) is arranged on the top of the support block (11), a rotating column (13) is rotated inside the support block (11), the output end of the double-headed motor (12) is fixed on one side of the rotating column (13), a connecting rod (14) is slid inside the other side of the rotating column (13), a threaded column (15) is fixed on the end of the connecting rod (14) away from the rotating column (13), a connecting rod (16) is fixed on the end of the threaded column (15) away from the connecting rod (14), a gear (18) is slid on the outer wall of the connecting rod (16), a gear ring (22) is installed on the side of the chuck (4) away from the clamping block (5), the gear ring (22) is meshed with the gear (18), and a connecting component is arranged on one side of the gear (18).

2. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting assembly comprises a connecting rod three (20), wherein the connecting rod three (20) rotates on the side of the gear (18) away from the connecting rod two (16), and a protruding cylinder at one end of the connecting rod three (20) rotates with a fixing plate two (19), and the fixing plate two (19) is fixed inside the inner ring (10).

3. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A cam (17) is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating column (13).

4. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Pull plates (21) are fixed to the outer walls of the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (2).

5. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The threaded column (15) is threaded inside the chuck (4).

6. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The PLC module (23) comprises: A plurality of sensor units, each of which is used to collect environmental data and line status data at different positions of the high-voltage line; a data processing unit, which is connected to the plurality of sensor units, is used to receive data sent by the plurality of sensor units, perform data processing, and accurately locate the fault position according to the time difference inversion method, fractal correction factor and multi-scale wave equation; A communication module, which is connected to the data processing unit and is used to send the fault location result, fault type and other related data processed by the data processing unit to the background monitoring platform through wireless communication; The background monitoring platform is connected to the communication module and receives data from the communication module through wireless communication, which is used to diagnose and analyze faults, generate fault handling instructions, and notify relevant personnel to perform maintenance.

7. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The plurality of sensor units include: A traveling wave current sensor, which is used to collect traveling wave current signals in high voltage lines; A vibration sensor is used to collect mechanical vibration signals near high-voltage lines; A temperature sensor is used to collect temperature change data on the circuit surface; The multiple sensor units process the collected signals through a data fusion algorithm and output comprehensive fault information for further analysis and processing by the data processing unit.

8. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The data processing unit uses a time difference inversion method, a fractal correction factor, a multi-scale wave equation and an adaptive optimization algorithm to locate the fault; In the data processing unit, the time difference inversion method includes the arrival time difference of the fault signal measured by multiple sensors, the signal propagation path is determined by the time difference inversion method, and the fault point position is calculated according to the time difference information; The fractal correction factor is used to dynamically correct the propagation speed. The correction factor is adjusted according to the influence of terrain and climate environmental factors to ensure accurate positioning. The calculation formula of the time difference inversion method is: Among them, Δt i,j is the time difference between sensors i and j, indicating the signal propagation time difference from the fault point to sensors i and j; d i,j is the spatial distance between sensors i and j, indicating the physical distance between the fault point and the two sensors; v is the propagation speed of the signal, usually the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium; ∈(x) is the fractal correction factor, indicating the influence of terrain, climate or other environmental factors on signal propagation, which varies according to the position (x).

9. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The multiscale wave equation in the data processing unit is used to describe the propagation process of the signal. The wave equation takes into account the changes in the signal propagation path in the power line due to terrain and climate change. The modified form of the wave equation is: in, is the Laplace operator, which represents the second-order derivative in space and is used to describe the expansion and change of the signal in space; u(x,t) is the displacement of the signal, usually referring to the signal strength or current value at position x; v is the propagation speed of the signal, usually referring to the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves or other fluctuations; S(t) is the time scale factor, which represents the change in the time scale during the signal propagation process and is used to adjust the propagation speed and consider the influence of environmental factors; The second-order time derivative of the signal u represents the acceleration or rate of change of the signal over time; For time t 2 The second-order partial derivative is usually used to describe the rate of change of a signal or physical quantity over time; f(x, t) is an external disturbance source, which represents an external force or excitation source that affects signal propagation.

10. The distributed accurate positioning online monitoring device for hidden dangers of high-voltage lines according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The background monitoring platform analyzes the fault type through the received real-time data, generates processing instructions, and sends the fault processing instructions to relevant personnel through SMS, email or application notification to perform fault repair and emergency response.

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