Method and device for determining fault control oil and gas reservoir and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for determining a fault control oil and gas reservoir and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: determining a target layer in a fault region, and enabling the target layer to be a stratum with oil and gas storage capacity; a dissipation layer is selected above the target layer, and a reference layer is selected between the target layer and the dissipation layer; respectively determining seismic attribute plane graphs of the target layer, the dissipation layer and the reference layer; superposing the three seismic attribute plane graphs according to a coordinate system; and according to the superposed seismic attribute plane graph, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target stratum. According to the scheme, whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer is determined based on the thought of seismic geology comprehensive research and the structural geometry rule, the control effect of the fault on reservoir formation can be quickly and accurately judged according to the three-dimensional matching relation of the dissipation layer and the oil and gas reservoir target layer, oil and gas exploration and development well drilling deployment can be effectively guided, and the oil and gas exploration and development efficiency is improved. The drilling success rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas geology, and in particular to a method, device and electronic equipment for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] Oil and gas accumulation refers to the geological process in which oil and natural gas are generated in a sedimentary basin, migrate in the transport layer, and finally fill into the trap to gather and form oil and gas reservoirs. Faults are important transport conductors in oil and gas accumulation, and are the main channels for oil and gas migration. They can communicate hydrocarbon sources, but they can destroy oil and gas reservoirs. It can be said that they directly control oil and gas traps. Usually, the oil and gas migration relationship between the two plates of the fault is determined based on the contact relationship between the two plates of the fault or the smearing effect of mudstone, so as to determine the oil and gas drainage and accumulation effect of the fault. This method cannot accurately determine the oil and gas accumulation effect of the fault on the three-dimensional structural relationship of the target layer and the exudative layer. Therefore, how to accurately and quickly determine the three-dimensional structural accumulation control relationship of the fault on the target layer and the exudative layer is of great significance and economic value to the trap description of the target layer in oil and gas exploration and development. How to determine the oil and gas accumulation effect of the fault has always been a difficulty and focus in oil and gas exploration and development.

[0003] Through patent research, it was found that patents related to fault reservoir formation include "Method for evaluating the opening and closing properties of faults based on fault fracture structure (application number CN201611105453.6)", which calculates the opening and closing probability of faults by the permeability of different fault structure parts; "Method and device for quantitative determination of three-dimensional fault conductivity (application number CN 202010903256.9)", which calculates the mudstone layer thickness and smear parameters of the section in the three-dimensional geological model, calculates the mudstone distribution thickness and section pressure on the section smear displacement, and obtains the three-dimensional section conductivity coefficient; "Method and device for determining fault conductivity parameters (application number CN201611095061.6)" calculates the fault conductivity parameters, fracture conductivity parameters, and fracture conductivity parameters step by step according to the fault mud ratio coefficient and the random sampling number of fractures; and also includes "A method for determining oil and gas reservoirs using fault conductivity probability" The above patents involve fault conductivity, but they are mainly aimed at the contact relationship between the two plates of the fault, and cannot quickly and accurately judge the impact of the fault on the reservoir formation from the three-dimensional matching relationship between the target layer and the escape layer. Summary of the invention

[0004] This specification provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir to solve the problem that the existing methods cannot quickly and accurately determine the influence of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation from the three-dimensional matching relationship between the target layer and the dissipation layer.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, a first aspect of this specification provides a method for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir, including: determining a target layer in the fault area, where the target layer is a formation with oil and gas accumulation capacity; selecting a dissipation layer above the target layer, and selecting a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; respectively determining the seismic attribute plane maps of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; superimposing the three seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system; and judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map.

[0006] In some embodiments, after judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map, it further includes: determining a development plan for the target layer according to the judgment result.

[0007] In some embodiments, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map includes: determining each fault from the superimposed seismic attribute plane map; determining that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the fault only offsets one of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; the target layer and the reference layer are offset by a first fault, and no fault offsets the reference layer and the dissipation layer; the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by a second fault, and no fault offsets the target layer and the reference layer; determining that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the target layer and the reference layer are offset by a first fault, and, the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by a second fault; the target layer, the reference layer, and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault.

[0008] In some embodiments, three seismic attribute plane maps are superimposed according to a coordinate system, including: setting the fault area in the first seismic attribute plane map of the target layer to a first color, setting the fault area in the second seismic attribute plane map of the reference layer to a second color, setting the fault area in the third seismic attribute plane map of the dissipation layer to a third color, setting the non-fault areas in each seismic attribute plane map to a fourth color, where the first color, the second color, the third color, and the fourth color are all different, superimposing the colors of the pixel points at the same coordinate position in the three seismic attribute plane maps, and the first color, the second color, and the third color form a fifth color after superposition, the first color and the second color form a sixth color after superposition, the second color and the third color form a seventh color after superposition, and the fifth color, the sixth color, the seventh color, and the fourth color are all different.

[0009] In some embodiments, according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map, it is determined whether the fault has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, including at least one of the following: determining that the fault in the area indicated by the fifth color has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer; the fault in the area where the sixth color and the seventh color are connected has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0010] The second aspect of this specification provides a method for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir, including: determining a target layer in the fault area, where the target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity; selecting a dissipation layer above the target layer, and selecting a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; where the reference layer is selected within a predetermined height above the target layer; respectively determining the seismic attribute plane maps of the dissipation layer and the reference layer; superimposing the two seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system; and determining whether the fault has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map.

[0011] In some embodiments, according to the superimposed seismic attribute plane map, it is determined whether the fault has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, including: determining each fault from the superimposed seismic attribute plane map; in the case where each fault only offsets the reference layer or only offsets the dissipation layer, determining that the fault has no damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer; determining that the fault has a damaging effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault.

[0012] In some embodiments, two planar maps of seismic attributes are superimposed according to a coordinate system, including: setting the fault area in the second planar map of seismic attributes of the reference layer to the ninth color, setting the fault area in the third planar map of seismic attributes of the dissipation layer to the tenth color, setting the non-fault areas in each planar map of seismic attributes to the fourth color, where the ninth color, the tenth color, and the fourth color are different from each other; superimposing the colors of the pixel points at the same coordinate position in the two planar maps of seismic attributes, and the ninth color and the tenth color form an eleventh color after superimposition, the ninth color and the fourth color form a twelfth color after superimposition, and the tenth color and the fourth color form the fourth color after superimposition; the tenth color, the eleventh color, and the fourth color are different from each other.

[0013] In some embodiments, according to the superimposed planar map of seismic attributes, it is determined whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, including: determining that the fault in the area indicated by the eleventh color has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0014] The third aspect of this specification provides a device for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir, including: a first determination unit for determining a target layer in a fault area, where the target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity; a selection unit for selecting a dissipation layer above the target layer and a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; a second determination unit for respectively determining the planar maps of seismic attributes of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; a superimposition unit for superimposing the three planar maps of seismic attributes according to a coordinate system; a judgment unit for determining whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed planar map of seismic attributes; or, the second determination unit is used to respectively determine the planar maps of seismic attributes of the dissipation layer and the reference layer; correspondingly, the superimposition unit is used to superimpose the two planar maps of seismic attributes according to a coordinate system.

[0015] The fourth aspect of this specification provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, the processor and the memory are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor realizes the steps of the method according to any one of the first aspects by executing the computer instructions.

[0016] The method, device, and electronic device for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir provided in this specification determine a dissipation layer above the target layer, select a reference layer color for auxiliary judgment between the dissipation layer and the target layer, superimpose the planar maps of seismic attributes of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer according to a coordinate system, and determine whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposition result, that is, determine whether there is a fault that offsets the target layer and the dissipation layer, so that the oil and gas in the target layer escapes and is difficult to be stored in the target layer.

[0017] This solution is based on the idea of comprehensive seismic-geological research. Based on the laws of structural geometry, it determines whether a fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoirs in the target layer, and can quickly and accurately judge the control effect of the fault on hydrocarbon accumulation from the three-dimensional matching relationship between the dissipation layer and the target layer of oil and gas reservoirs. It can effectively guide the deployment of oil and gas exploration and development drilling and improve the drilling success rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir provided in this specification;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for judging whether a fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir in the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plan view;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of another method for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir provided in this specification;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram for judging whether a fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir in the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plan view;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 5 The stratigraphic section along the direction of line A in the coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer shown;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer;

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 7 The stratigraphic section along the direction of line A in the coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer shown;

[0027] Figure 9 is Figure 5 and Figure 7 The result of superimposing the coherence attribute plan views shown according to the coordinate system;

[0028] Figure 10 is forFigure 9 The result of further processing of the superposition operation shown;

[0029] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the device for determining fault-controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs provided in this specification;

[0030] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this specification is shown. Specific embodiments

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0032] How to accurately judge the role of faults in transporting and communicating hydrocarbon accumulation is very important for the exploration and development of oil and gas. Whether in the exploration and development of oil and gas in compressive structures, extensional structures, or strike-slip structures, faults are inevitable structural phenomena to be encountered. The role of underground faults in controlling hydrocarbon accumulation can only be predicted and judged macroscopically based on seismic data. However, the traditional method of using seismic data to analyze the relationship between the two sides of a fault cannot distinguish the three-dimensional control effect of the fault on the hydrocarbon system. Therefore, it is necessary to constrain seismic data based on the laws of structural geometry to determine the control effect of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation.

[0033] Based on the idea of comprehensive seismic geology research, this invention determines whether a fault destroys the hydrocarbon accumulation effect based on the laws of structural geometry, and solves the difficult problem of whether a fault is beneficial or destructive to hydrocarbon accumulation. This is very important for finding hydrocarbon sweet spots (enrichment areas) in both compressive structures and extensional structures, or strike-slip structures, and is also very important for the determination of hydrocarbon reservoirs.

[0034] The control of underground faults on hydrocarbon accumulation can only be predicted and judged macroscopically based on seismic data. However, the traditional method of using seismic data to analyze the relationship between the two sides of a fault cannot distinguish the three-dimensional control effect of the fault on the hydrocarbon system.

[0035] This specification constrains seismic data based on the laws of structural geometry to determine the control effect of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation.

[0036] This specification provides a method for determining fault-controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0037] S10: Determine the target layer in the fault area, and the target layer is a formation with hydrocarbon storage capacity.

[0038] The target layer refers to the reservoir layer of oil and gas, which is the formation with the ability to store oil and gas. The method for determining the target layer with the ability to store oil and gas exists in the prior art and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0039] S20: Select a dissipation layer above the target layer, and select a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer.

[0040] Regardless of how complex and variable the migration after oil and gas production is in terms of its path, stage, driving force, phase state, mode, and process, there are only three results: accumulation into a reservoir, dispersion in underground rock formations and fluids, and loss due to exposure to the surface and the atmosphere. Among them, the formation that can cause the oil and gas reservoir to be exposed to the surface and the atmosphere and result in loss is called the dissipation layer.

[0041] The method for determining the dissipation layer exists in the prior art and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0042] First, the target layer and the dissipation layer can be determined in the seismic profile of the study area, and then a reference layer located between the target layer and the dissipation layer can be selected within the seismic profile.

[0043] The reference layer is used to reference whether the fault communicates and connects the dissipation layer and the target layer.

[0044] In some embodiments, only one reference layer can be selected, and based on this reference layer, the method provided in this specification for determining the fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir can be used to determine whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0045] In some embodiments, multiple reference layers can also be selected. For each reference layer, the method provided in this specification for determining the fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir can be used to determine whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer. Finally, based on the determination results of each reference layer, it can be comprehensively determined whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0046] For example, if it is determined according to reference layer A that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, and it is determined according to reference layer B that the fault does not have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, then it can be comprehensively determined that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer. That is to say, among the selected multiple reference layers, as long as it is determined according to one of the reference layers that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, the comprehensive determination result is that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0047] S30: Respectively determine the seismic attribute plane maps of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer.

[0048] The seismic attribute plan view can be a coherence attribute plan view, a curvature attribute plan view, or a similar seismic attribute plan view.

[0049] The method for determining the seismic attribute plan view of a formation exists in the prior art and will not be elaborated in this specification.

[0050] S40: Superimpose the three seismic attribute plan views according to the coordinate system.

[0051] Each seismic attribute plan view includes the abscissa and ordinate (such as longitude and latitude) for representing the geographical space, and the seismic attribute values at the coordinate points determined by the abscissa and ordinate. Superimposing the three seismic attribute plan views according to the coordinate system means superimposing the seismic attribute values at the same coordinate points in the three seismic attribute plan views to obtain a value, and taking this value as the superimposed value.

[0052] S50: According to the superimposed seismic attribute plan view, determine whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0053] After determining the superimposed seismic attribute plan view, fault information can be obtained therefrom, and then it can be judged whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer based on the fault information. Then, the development plan for the target layer is determined according to whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer. For example, if the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, wells should be avoided to introduce the oil and gas of the hydrocarbon source layer into the target layer; if the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, the oil and gas of the hydrocarbon source layer can be introduced into the target layer and wells can be drilled towards the target layer to better realize the exploitation of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0054] In the case where the seismic attribute plan view is a coherence attribute plan view, since the main principle of the coherence technology is to represent the lateral inhomogeneity of the formation by the similarity of adjacent seismic trace signals in the three-dimensional seismic data volume, so as to determine the faults in the formation. Therefore, each fault can be found in the superimposed coherence attribute plan view, and the communication effect between each fault and the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer can be determined. Furthermore, it can be judged whether each fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer based on the communication effect.

[0055] In the case where the seismic attribute plan view is a curvature attribute plan view, since curvature is used to reflect the degree of bending of a geometric body, it describes the degree of completion of any point on a curve and indicates the degree to which the curve deviates from a straight line. The greater the curvature, the greater the degree of bending of the curve. In structural interpretation, the curvature can be calculated based on the interpretation data of horizons, so that the structural characteristics can be quantitatively described. After smoothing, a fault can be approximately considered to have a change in curvature from positive to negative or from negative to positive. Therefore, fault information can be determined from the curvature changes in the curvature attribute plan view, and thus each fault can be found in the superimposed curvature attribute plan view, and the communication effects between each fault and the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer can be determined. Furthermore, based on the communication effects, it can be judged whether each fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0056] In some embodiments, the method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs provided in this specification can be first used to judge whether each fault in the area where the target layer is located has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, and then a development plan for the target layer can be comprehensively determined based on the judgment results corresponding to each fault. For example, if the judgment results corresponding to each fault are that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer, the oil and gas from the source rock layer can be introduced into the target layer, and wells can be drilled towards the target layer to better realize the exploitation of the oil and gas reservoir.

[0057] As Figure 2 shown, step S50 may include the following steps S51, S52, and S53.

[0058] S51: Determine each fault from the superimposed seismic attribute plan view.

[0059] S52: Determine that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the fault only offsets one of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; the target layer and the reference layer are offset by a first fault, and there is no fault offsetting the reference layer and the dissipation layer; the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by a second fault, and there is no fault offsetting the target layer and the reference layer.

[0060] S53: Determine that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the target layer and the reference layer are offset by a first fault, and, the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by a second fault; the target layer, the reference layer, and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault.

[0061] In some embodiments, S40 includes S41 and S42.

[0062] S41: Set the fault areas in the first seismic attribute plan view of the target layer to the first color, set the fault areas in the second seismic attribute plan view of the reference layer to the second color, set the fault areas in the third seismic attribute plan view of the source rock layer to the third color, and set the non-fault areas in each seismic attribute plan view to the fourth color. The first color, the second color, the third color, and the fourth color are all different from each other.

[0063] S42: Overlay the colors of the pixel points at the same coordinate position in the three seismic attribute plan views. After the first color, the second color, and the third color are overlaid, they form the fifth color. The overlay of the first color and the second color forms the sixth color. The overlay of the second color and the third color forms the seventh color. Only one of the first color, the second color, and the third color forms the eighth color when overlaid with the fourth color, and the overlay of the fourth color with the fourth color remains the fourth color. The fifth color, the sixth color, the seventh color, the eighth color, and the fourth color are all different from each other.

[0064] Correspondingly, S50 can be: Determine that the faults in the area shown by the fifth color (i.e., corresponding to the target layer, the reference layer, and the dissipation layer being offset by the same fault) have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer. The faults in the area where the sixth color and the seventh color are connected (i.e., corresponding to the target layer and the reference layer being offset by the first fault, and the reference layer and the dissipation layer being offset by the second fault) have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0065] This specification also provides a method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs, as Figure 3 shown. This method includes the following steps:

[0066] S310: Determine the target layer in the fault area. The target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity.

[0067] S320: Select a dissipation layer above the target layer and select a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer. Among them, the reference layer is selected within a predetermined height above the target layer.

[0068] S330: Respectively determine the seismic attribute plan views of the dissipation layer and the reference layer.

[0069] S340: Overlay the two seismic attribute plan views according to the coordinate system.

[0070] S350: According to the overlaid seismic attribute plan view, judge whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0071] Compare Figure 1 andFigure 3 It can be seen that Figure 3 the difference between the method shown and Figure 1 is as follows: 1. It is further specified that the reference layer is selected within a predetermined height above the target layer; 2. Only the seismic attribute plan views of the dissipation layer and the reference layer are superimposed. Figure 3 The description of the same part as that in Figure 1 can refer to the above description of the method shown in Figure 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0072] In the method shown in Figure 3 , the height difference (i.e., the above-mentioned predetermined height, which is also the depth difference) between the reference layer and the target layer can be determined according to the depth range of the formation and the pressure of the formation. For example, a larger height difference can be set in places with deeper depths, and a smaller height difference can be set in places with shallower depths; a larger height difference can be set in places with greater formation pressure, and a smaller height difference can be set in places with smaller formation pressure. The determination of the predetermined height makes it such that when the reference layer is offset by the target fault, if the oil and gas of the source rock layer are introduced into the target layer, it will cause the further development of the target fault and thus offset the target layer. Therefore, when the reference layer is selected within a predetermined height above the target layer, it can be considered that the fault offsetting the reference layer means offsetting the target layer.

[0073] Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 4 , step S350 includes the following steps:

[0074] S351: Determine each fault from the superimposed seismic attribute plan view.

[0075] S352: When each fault only offsets the reference layer or only offsets the dissipation layer, determine that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0076] S353: When the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault, determine that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

[0077] For example, Figure 5 is the coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer, Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of the formation in the direction shown by line A in the coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer shown in Figure 5 , Figure 7 is the coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer, Figure 8 is Figure 7 the cross-sectional view of the formation in the direction shown by line A in the coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer shown in Figure 9 is Figure 5 and Figure 7 the result of superimposing the coherence attribute plan views shown according to the coordinate system, Figure 10 is forFigure 9 The result of further processing of the superposition operation shown

[0078] From Figure 6 it can be seen that fault F1 offsets the dissipation layer P3, reference layer P2, and target layer P1, while fault F3 only offsets the dissipation layer P3. However, in Figure 5 the coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer P3 shown, faults F1 and F3 behave the same. Thus, it can be known that through the coherence attribute plan view of the dissipation layer P3, it is impossible to know whether the fault that offsets the dissipation layer P3 also offsets the reference layer P2 (or target layer P1), and thus it is impossible to judge whether an oil and gas dissipation channel can be formed.

[0079] Similarly, from Figure 8 it can be seen that fault F1 offsets the dissipation layer P3, reference layer P2, and target layer P1, while fault F2 only offsets the reference layer P2 and target layer P1. However, in Figure 7 the coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer P2 shown, faults F1 and F2 behave the same. Thus, it can be known that through the coherence attribute plan view of the reference layer P2, it is impossible to know whether the fault that offsets the reference layer P2 also offsets the dissipation layer P1, and thus it is impossible to judge whether an oil and gas dissipation channel can be formed.

[0080] When determining the faults controlling the oil and gas reservoir by using the method provided in this specification, the upper dissipation layer P3, middle reference layer P2, and lower target layer P1 can be selected first according to the formation profile information, and the height difference between the middle reference layer P2 and the lower target layer P1 is kept less than a predetermined height; then the coherence attribute plan views of the middle reference layer P2 and the lower target layer P1 are determined respectively, and the fault information of the upper dissipation layer P3 is represented by dark gray (as Figure 5 shown, dark gray is the tenth color), the fault information in the middle reference layer P2 is represented by black (as Figure 7 shown, black is the ninth color), and the non-fault information can be set to white or transparent (the white or transparent color here can be called the background color, that is, the fourth color above). Combine Figure 5 and Figure 7 directly according to the coordinate system and superimpose them to obtain Figure 9 . Further process Figure 9 , set the color of the coordinate positions where black and dark gray are superimposed to black (that is, the eleventh color), set the color of the coordinate positions where black and background color are superimposed to gray (that is, the twelfth color), and set the color of the coordinate positions where dark gray and background color are superimposed to the background color (that is, the fourth color) to obtain Figure 10 .

[0081] Correspondingly, in Figure 10 , the faults in the area shown in black have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer P1, that isFigure 10 Fault layer F1 has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of target layer P1; the faults within the area shown in gray do not have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of target layer P1. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The formation profile shown further verifies this conclusion.

[0082] This specification provides a device for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs, which can be used to implement the method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs described above. As Figure 11 shown, the device includes a first determination unit 10, a selection unit 20, a second determination unit 30, a superposition unit 40, and a judgment unit 50.

[0083] The first determination unit 10 is used to determine a target layer in the fault area, and the target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity.

[0084] The selection unit 20 is used to select a dissipation layer above the target layer and a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer.

[0085] The second determination unit 30 is used to respectively determine the seismic attribute plane maps of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer.

[0086] The superposition unit 40 is used to superpose the three seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system.

[0087] The judgment unit 50 is used to judge whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superposed seismic attribute plane map.

[0088] Alternatively, the second determination unit 30 is used to respectively determine the seismic attribute plane maps of the dissipation layer and the reference layer. Correspondingly, the superposition unit 40 is used to superpose the two seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system.

[0089] The descriptions and functions of the above devices can be understood by referring to the content of the method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0090] This embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device. As Figure 12 shown, the electronic device may include a processor 1201 and a memory 1202, where the processor 1201 and the memory 1202 may be connected through a bus or other means, Figure 12 taking the connection through the bus as an example.

[0091] The processor 1201 may be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 1201 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or a combination of the above chips.

[0092] The memory 1202 is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs in an embodiment of the present invention (for example, Figure 11 The processor 1201 executes various functional applications and data processing of the processor by running the non-transient software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 1202, that is, the method for determining that the fault controls the oil and gas reservoir in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0093] The memory 1202 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required by at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor 1201, etc. In addition, the memory 1202 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 1202 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 1201, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor 1201 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0094] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 1202, and when executed by the processor 1201, the aforementioned method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs is performed.

[0095] The specific details of the above electronic device can be understood by referring to the corresponding descriptions and effects in the method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] This specification also provides a computer storage medium storing computer program instructions which, when executed, implement the steps of the above-described method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs.

[0097] This specification also provides a computer program product including a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-described embodiment methods can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it may include the processes of the above-described method embodiments. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (abbreviation: HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium can also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memories.

[0099] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0100] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments can be specifically implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products with certain functions.

[0101] For convenience of description, when describing the above device, various units are described separately according to functions. Of course, when implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0102] From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods of certain parts of each embodiment of this application.

[0103] This application can be used in numerous general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, and so on.

[0104] This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0105] Although this application is depicted through embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art know that this application has many variations and changes without departing from the spirit of this application, and it is hoped that the appended claims will include these variations and changes without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining a fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir, characterized in that, it includes: Determine the target layer in the fault area, and the target layer is a formation with oil and gas reservoir capacity; Select a dissipation layer above the target layer, and select a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; Respectively determine the seismic attribute plan views of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; Overlay the three seismic attribute plan views according to the coordinate system; According to the overlaid seismic attribute plan view, judge whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the overlaid seismic attribute plan view, it further includes: Determine the development plan for the target layer according to the judgment result.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the overlaid seismic attribute plan view, includes: Determine each fault from the overlaid seismic attribute plan view; Determine that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the fault only offsets one of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; the target layer and the reference layer are offset by the first fault, and there is no fault offsetting the reference layer and the dissipation layer; the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by the second fault, and there is no fault offsetting the target layer and the reference layer; Determine that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the target layer and the reference layer are offset by the first fault, and, the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by the second fault; the target layer, the reference layer, and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, overlaying the three seismic attribute plan views according to the coordinate system, includes: Set the fault area in the first seismic attribute plan view of the target layer to the first color, set the fault area in the second seismic attribute plan view of the reference layer to the second color, set the fault area in the third seismic attribute plan view of the dissipation layer to the third color, and set the non-fault area in each seismic attribute plan view to the fourth color, and the first color, the second color, the third color, and the fourth color are all different, Overlay the colors of the pixel points at the same coordinate position in the three seismic attribute plan views, and the first color, the second color, and the third color form the fifth color after overlaying, the first color and the second color form the sixth color after overlaying, the second color and the third color form the seventh color after overlaying, and the fifth color, the sixth color, the seventh color, and the fourth color are all different.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the overlaid seismic attribute plan view, includes at least one of the following: Determine that the faults within the area indicated by the fifth color have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer; the faults within the area where the sixth color and the seventh color are connected have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

6. A method for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs, characterized in that, it includes: Determine the target layer in the fault area, and the target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity; Select a dissipation layer above the target layer, and select a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; wherein, the reference layer is selected within a predetermined height above the target layer; Respectively determine the seismic attribute plane maps of the dissipation layer and the reference layer; Overlay the two seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system; According to the overlaid seismic attribute plane map, judge whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, According to the overlaid seismic attribute plane map, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer includes: Determine each fault from the overlaid seismic attribute plane map; When each fault only offsets the reference layer or only offsets the dissipation layer, determine that the fault has no destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer; Determine that the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer in the following cases: the reference layer and the dissipation layer are offset by the same fault.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Overlaying the two seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system includes: Set the fault area in the second seismic attribute plane map of the reference layer to the ninth color, set the fault area in the third seismic attribute plane map of the dissipation layer to the tenth color, and set the non-fault area in each seismic attribute plane map to the fourth color, and the ninth color, the tenth color, and the fourth color are all different, Overlay the colors of the pixel points at the same coordinate position in the two seismic attribute plane maps, and the ninth color and the tenth color form the eleventh color after overlaying, the ninth color and the fourth color form the twelfth color after overlaying, and the tenth color and the fourth color form the fourth color after overlaying; the tenth color, the eleventh color, and the fourth color are all different.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, According to the overlaid seismic attribute plane map, judging whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer includes: Determine that the faults within the area indicated by the eleventh color have a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer.

10. An apparatus for determining fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs, characterized in that, it includes: A first determination unit for determining a target layer in the fault area, and the target layer is a formation with oil and gas storage capacity; A selection unit for selecting a dissipation layer above the target layer and selecting a reference layer between the target layer and the dissipation layer; A second determination unit for respectively determining the seismic attribute plane maps of the target layer, the dissipation layer, and the reference layer; An overlay unit for overlaying the three seismic attribute plane maps according to the coordinate system; A judgment unit, configured to judge whether the fault has a destructive effect on the oil and gas reservoir of the target layer according to the superimposed seismic attribute plan view; Alternatively, the second determination unit is configured to respectively determine the seismic attribute plan views of the escape layer and the reference layer; Correspondingly, the superimposing unit is configured to superimpose two seismic attribute plan views according to a coordinate system.

11. An electronic device characterized in that it comprises a memory and a processor, the processor and the memory are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor realizes the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 by executing the computer instructions.

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