The invention discloses a structured data self-learning method based on a graph neural network, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, analyzing structured data, extracting entity fields and relation fields, and constructing a structure candidate graph; s2, generating a node embedding
feature matrix, and initializing and recording the
adjacency relation of candidate edges; s3, constructing a graph neural
network model, inputting node features and an adjacent matrix, and defining a task
loss function; s4, evaluating the gradient contribution degree of edge connection by adopting a gradient sensitive sparse adjacency self-learning
algorithm, and updating the graph structure representation; s5, introducing an embedded
interpretability gradient
backtracking mechanism, correcting an edge connection relation and enhancing
interpretability; s6, training the graph neural network by using the corrected structure, and updating the node embedding and graph structure; and S7, outputting a final graph structure and an
interpretability index, and generating a graph modeling
visualization result. According to the method, efficient modeling and explanatory analysis of structured data are realized through a dynamic graph
structure learning and gradient
backtracking mechanism.