Simulation platform implementation method and system of runway rushing-out prompting and warning system

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation platform implementation method and system for a runway rushing-out prompting and warning system, and the method comprises the steps: S1, taking flight simulation software X-Plane as a simulation environment, and reading flight parameter data; s2, predicting different landing distances at a fixed time interval by using the defined function; s3, evaluating the risk of rushing out of the runway according to the available length of the runway and the terrain clearance of the airplane; and when the risk exists, determining an alarm level according to a preset logic, and sending alarm information of a corresponding level to a pilot. On the basis of a software development kit provided by flight simulation software X-Plane, runway rush-out prompt and alarm system cockpit display function design, landing distance prediction algorithm writing and embedding, ROAAS alarm trigger logic and alarm information prompt design are realized, and the design is displayed through a ROAAS cockpit display function, so that the design is more accurate and reliable. And simpler and more intuitive ROAAS information is provided for a pilot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flight safety assistance systems, and specifically, to a method and system for implementing a simulation platform of a runway overrun prompt and warning system. Background Art

[0002] A runway overrun event is a dangerous situation during the stage from the moment an aircraft touches down on landing until it stops sliding on the ground. Whether an aircraft will overrun on the runway is affected by various factors such as the flight state of the aircraft before touchdown, the inertial characteristics of the aircraft itself, and the current condition of the runway. At the same time, it is also affected by subjective factors such as the pilot's operation actions. Also, during the descent to touchdown stage, the flight safety of the aircraft is affected by ground objects near the runway, low-altitude wind shear above the runway / runway surface conditions, etc. Therefore, preventing runway overrun events has always been one of the key research directions in the field of aviation safety.

[0003] Currently, the research and development of the runway overrun prompt and warning system (ROAAS) and the design of the simulation platform in China are in the initial stage, and there is no substantial progress.

[0004] Patent document CN115826599A discloses a runway overrun perception method and device. Although it can support the implementation of ROAAS-related functions, it does not design and simulate the verification of the simulation platform, and it is impossible to determine the effectiveness of the system and whether it meets industry specifications.

[0005] The present invention aims to design the cockpit display function of the runway overrun prompt and warning system, write and embed the landing distance prediction algorithm, the alarm trigger logic of ROAAS, and the alarm information prompt design based on the flight simulation software X-Plane through the software development kit it provides, and present it through the ROAAS cockpit display function; finally, design the simulation assistance module through MATLAB's GUIDE and implement the primary flight display (PFD), so as to enrich the functions of the ROAAS simulation platform, provide more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for pilots, and finally realize the domestic simulation platform of the runway overrun prompt and warning system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for implementing a simulation platform of a runway overrun prompt and warning system.

[0007] According to a method for implementing a simulation platform of a runway overrun prompt and warning system provided by the present invention, it includes:

[0008] Step S1: Construct the ROAAS cockpit display interface. Using the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the completed plug-in simultaneously, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data;

[0009] Step S2: According to the flight parameter data, use the defined function to calculate the actual landing distance at a fixed time interval, and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD;

[0010] Step S3: According to the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, combine the available runway length and the aircraft's height above the ground to evaluate the risk of overshooting the runway; when there is a risk, determine the warning level according to the preset logic and send a warning message of the corresponding level to the pilot.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes:

[0012] Step S4: Set the start and disable of the ROAAS function;

[0013] Step S5: Design the simulation assistance module through MATLAB, and then complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

[0014] Preferably, the data interaction methods provided by X-Plane include interaction through plug-ins and interaction through the User Datagram Protocol; obtain the parameters required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm based on the XPLMGetDataf function in the SDK provided by X-Plane for subsequent system input, and use the queried parameter path parameter index as the path index of the parameter.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0016] Step S2.1: Use GPS data to calculate the actual landing distance function calculate_GPS_distance(·):

[0017] Obtain the latitude and longitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm according to the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef(“parameter index”)) function, and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is:

[0018]

[0019] where R is the radius of the earth, is the latitude of two points, is the latitude difference between two points, and Δλ is the longitude difference between two points;

[0020] Step S2.2: Based on the predicted landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·), predict the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system using the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during the operation of X-Plane:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, PLD represents the performance landing distance, RMD represents the ROAAS model distance, and TLD represents the typical landing distance; L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, and ΔL is the total correction distance for correcting the parameters that affect the actual landing distance by the algorithm. Dist flare 、Dist trans and Dist end are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the flare, transition, and deceleration rollout phases respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the warning levels are divided into:

[0024] Caution level, indicating that if the aircraft lands in the current state, there is a risk of overshooting the runway, but it can be avoided through timely operations; at this time, the display window shows the word "Caution" and a voice prompt;

[0025] Warning level, indicating that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute a go-around procedure; at this time, the display window shows the words "Warning Go Around" and a voice prompt.

[0026] Preferably, the step S4 includes calling PLUGIN_API in the function start / stop module, and by writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and XPluginDisable(·) function, select the enable and stop of the ROAAS function in the cockpit option setting bar.

[0027] Preferably, the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0028] Step S5.1: Perform data transmission based on the User Datagram Protocol, and communicate with X-Plane by sending and receiving a structure of a certain structure between it and X-Plane;

[0029] Step S5.2: Configure the port number: the input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB;

[0030] Step S5.3: Use X-Plane Connect as middleware to transmit the required parameters in X-Plane flight simulation to MATLAB via the User Datagram Protocol. Write the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm, risk warning and alarm algorithms in MATLAB language to implement the auxiliary ROAAS function development in MATLAB.

[0031] Preferably, the interface of the primary flight display is provided with warning lights of different colors; the green warning light indicates a safe landing, the yellow warning light indicates the triggering of a caution-level alarm, and the red warning light represents a warning-level alarm.

[0032] A simulation platform implementation system of a runway overrun prompt and warning system provided by the present invention includes:

[0033] Module M1: Construct the ROAAS cockpit display interface. Use the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the completed plug-in simultaneously, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data;

[0034] Module M2: According to the flight parameter data, use the defined function to calculate the actual landing distance at fixed time intervals and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD;

[0035] Module M3: According to the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, combine the available runway length and the aircraft's height above the ground to evaluate the risk of overrun; when there is a risk, determine the alarm level according to the preset logic and send the corresponding level of alarm information to the pilot.

[0036] Preferably, it further includes:

[0037] Module M4: Set the start and disable of the ROAAS function;

[0038] Module M5: Design the simulation auxiliary module through MATLAB, and then complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

[0039] Preferably, the data interaction methods provided by X-Plane include interaction through plug-ins and interaction through the User Datagram Protocol; obtain the parameters required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm based on the XPLMGetDataf function in the SDK provided by X-Plane for subsequent system input, and use the queried parameter path parameter index as the path index of the parameter.

[0040] Preferably, the said Module M2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0041] Module M2.1: Function calculate_GPS_distance(·) for calculating the actual landing distance using GPS data:

[0042] Obtain the longitude and latitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm according to the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef(“parameter index”)) function, and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is:

[0043]

[0044] where R is the radius of the earth, is the latitude of the two points, is the latitude difference between the two points, and Δλ is the longitude difference between the two points;

[0045] Module M2.2: Based on the predicted landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·), predict the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system through the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during the X-Plane runtime:

[0046]

[0047] where PLD represents the performance landing distance, RMD represents the ROAAS model distance, and TLD represents the typical landing distance; L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, ΔL is the total correction distance for correcting the parameters that affect the actual landing distance by the algorithm, and Dist flare 、Dist trans and Dist end are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the flare, transition, and deceleration taxiing segments respectively.

[0048] Preferably, the warning levels are divided into:

[0049] Caution level, indicating that if the aircraft lands in the current state, there is a risk of overshooting the runway, but it can be avoided through timely operations; at this time, the display window gives the word “Caution” and a voice prompt;

[0050] Warning level, indicating that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute a go-around procedure; at this time, the display window gives the words “Warning Go Around” and a voice prompt.

[0051] Preferably, the module M4 calls the PLUGIN_API in the function start / stop module. By writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and the XPluginDisable(·) function, the enabling and stopping of the ROAAS function are selected in the cockpit option setting bar.

[0052] Preferably, the module M5 includes the following sub-modules:

[0053] Module M5.1: Transmits data based on the User Datagram Protocol and communicates with X-Plane by sending and receiving a structure of a certain structure between it and X-Plane.

[0054] Module M5.2: Configures the port number: the input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB.

[0055] Module M5.3: Uses X-Plane Connect as middleware to transmit the required parameters in the X-Plane flight simulation to MATLAB via the User Datagram Protocol. Writes the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm and the risk prompt and warning algorithm in the MATLAB language to implement the auxiliary ROAAS function development in MATLAB.

[0056] Preferably, the interface of the primary flight display is provided with warning lights of different colors; the green warning light indicates a safe landing, the yellow warning light indicates the triggering of a precautionary-level warning, and the red warning light represents a warning-level warning.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. Based on the software development kit provided by the flight simulation software X-Plane and MATLAB, the present invention realizes the design of the cockpit display function of the Runway Overrun Alert and Advisory System (ROAAS), the writing and embedding of the landing distance prediction algorithm, the alert trigger logic of ROAAS, and the alert information prompt design, and finally presents it through the ROAAS cockpit display function, providing more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for the pilot.

[0059] 2. The present invention realizes the design of the simulation auxiliary module through GUIDE of MATLAB, and then completes the design of the primary flight display (PFD), enriches the function of the ROAAS simulation platform, and successfully realizes the simulation of the domestic Runway Overrun Alert and Advisory System.

[0060] 3. The present invention realizes the development of the ROAAS simulation platform by using Visual Studio to call the API of X-Plane, compiling the code for the ROAAS function, embedding the compiled file into the software based on X-Plane, and implementing the ROAAS function by running X-Plane.

[0061] 4. The present invention uses the UDP transport protocol and XPC as middleware to transmit the real-time simulation data of X-Plane to MATLAB, and performs secondary development on the ROAAS algorithm and the transmitted data through MATLAB, thereby realizing the development of the ROAAS-PFD function and providing more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for the simulation platform.

[0062] 5. The present invention uses a Boeing 737-800 model aircraft for system testing, and tests the performance of the ROAAS simulation platform under safe approach landing and risky approach landing conditions respectively, thereby verifying that the alarm rate, false alarm rate and algorithm accuracy rate of the ROAAS simulation platform designed by this solution meet the industry design standards and have good practicability.

[0063] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in the specific implementation manner through the introduction of specific technical features and technical solutions. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the beneficial technical effects brought by the technical features and technical solutions through these introductions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the function module of ROAAS in the present invention.

[0066] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the risk judgment and alarm prompt logic in the present invention.

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the simulation assistance module in the present invention.

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the port number configuration in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of ROAAS-PFD designed and developed through MATLAB's GUIDE in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 6 It is a simulation flow chart of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 7 This is the flowchart of the method of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0072] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] A method for implementing a simulation platform of a runway departure prompt and warning system, comprising:

[0074] Step S1: Construct a ROAAS cockpit display interface. Using the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the completed plug-in simultaneously, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data. The data interaction methods provided by X-Plane include interaction through plug-ins and interaction through the User Datagram Protocol; based on the XPLMGetDataf function in the SDK provided by X-Plane, obtain the parameters required for the X-Plane runtime algorithm for subsequent system input, and use the queried parameter path parameter index as the path index of the parameter.

[0075] Step S2: According to the flight parameter data, use the defined function to calculate the actual landing distance at a fixed time interval, and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD.

[0076] Among them, PLD represents the Performance Landing Distance (PLD);

[0077] RMD represents the ROAAS Model Distance (RMD);

[0078] TLD represents the Typical Landing Distance (TLD);

[0079] Specifically:

[0080] Step S2.1: Use GPS data to calculate the actual landing distance function calculate_GPS_distance(·):

[0081] Obtain the longitude and latitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm according to the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef("parameter index")) function, and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is:

[0082]

[0083] where R is the radius of the earth, is the latitude of the two points, is the latitude difference between the two points, and Δλ is the longitude difference between the two points;

[0084] Step S2.2: Based on the predicted landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·), predict the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system through the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during the X-Plane runtime:

[0085]

[0086] where L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, ΔL is the total correction distance for correcting the parameters that affect the actual landing distance by the algorithm, and Dist flare 、Dist trans and Dist end are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the flare, transition, and deceleration taxi segments respectively.

[0087] Step S3: According to the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, evaluate the risk of overshooting the runway in combination with the available runway length and the aircraft's height above the ground; when there is a risk, determine the warning level according to the preset logic and send a warning message of the corresponding level to the pilot. The warning levels are divided into:

[0088] Caution level, indicating that if the aircraft lands in the current state, there is a risk of overshooting the runway, but it can be avoided through timely operations; at this time, the display window gives the word "Caution" and a voice prompt;

[0089] Warning level, indicating that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute a go-around procedure; at this time, the display window gives the words "Warning Go Around" and a voice prompt.

[0090] The interface of the primary flight display is equipped with warning lights of different colors; the green warning light indicates a safe landing, the yellow warning light indicates the trigger of the caution-level warning, and the red warning light represents the warning-level warning.

[0091] Step S4: Set the startup and disablement of the ROAAS function; Call PLUGIN_API in the function startup and shutdown module, and by writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and XPluginDisable(·) function, select the enablement and stop of the ROAAS function in the cockpit option setting bar.

[0092] Step S5: Design the simulation assistance module through MATLAB, and then complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

[0093] Specifically:

[0094] Step S5.1: Perform data transmission based on the User Datagram Protocol, and communicate with X-Plane by sending and receiving a structure of a certain structure between it and X-Plane.

[0095] Step S5.2: Configure the port number: The input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB.

[0096] Step S5.3: Use X-Plane Connect as the middleware, transmit the required parameters in the X-Plane flight simulation to MATLAB through the User Datagram Protocol, write the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm and risk prompt and warning algorithms in MATLAB language, and implement the development of the auxiliary ROAAS function in MATLAB.

[0097] The present invention realizes the design of the cockpit display function of the Runway Overrun Alerting and Advisory System (ROAAS), the writing and embedding of the landing distance prediction algorithm, the alert trigger logic of ROAAS, and the design of the alert message prompt based on the software development kit provided by the flight simulation software X-Plane, and finally presents it through the ROAAS cockpit display function, providing more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for pilots.

[0098] The above is the basic embodiment of the present invention. The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through a preferred embodiment.

[0099] Embodiment 1

[0100] The present invention aims to implement the cockpit display function design of the Runway Overrun Alerting System (ROAAS), the writing and embedding of the landing distance prediction algorithm, the alert trigger logic of ROAAS, and the alert message prompt design based on the software development kit provided by the flight simulation software X-Plane, and present it through the ROAAS cockpit display function. Finally, the simulation auxiliary module design is realized through GUIDE of MATLAB, and the Primary Flight Display (PFD) is realized, thus enriching the ROAAS simulation platform function and providing more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for pilots. A domestic runway overrun alerting system simulation platform is realized.

[0101] ROAAS designed according to industry regulations should be in an armed state when the aircraft descends to the target altitude, and immediately feedback different calculated landing distances to the pilot. When there is a risk that the required landing distance of the aircraft is too long and it may overrun the runway, timely and effective prompts and alerts should be provided to the pilot to avoid accidents. Therefore, the functional modules of ROAAS are mainly divided into two parts: different landing distance prediction functions, and risk prompt and alert functions, as Figure 1 shown.

[0102] Step 1: ROAAS cockpit display function design. The ROAAS cockpit display function includes functions such as display window design, window layer movement, and important flight parameter display. One of the functions of X-Plane is the open architecture API, which allows the modification of aircraft and aircraft system data using plugins. The SDK officially provided by X-Plane can provide a good environment and comprehensive documentation for plugin development, and allows third-party programmers to create plugins for X-Plane. Users can write plugins in C / C++ according to their needs, and then use the DataRefs API to allow the plugins to read or exchange data with other plugins for subsequent data operations. Plugins are executable codes running inside X-Plane and exist in the form of dynamic link libraries with the.xpl suffix, which can expand the functions of X-Plane. Plugins are modular, allowing developers to expand the simulator without touching the source code of the simulator. Plugins are programs written in C / C++ or other binary-compatible languages. The advantage of implementing the ROAAS function in the form of a plugin is that this function runs simultaneously with the X-Plane main program, and the main information of ROAAS, such as real-time parameters, predicted values, and alert messages, can be presented in the form of windows through the code.

[0103] Step 1.1: Configure the system development environment through the Visual Studio compiler. In this embodiment, the host system is Windows 11 (64-bit), the development software is MS Visual Studio 2022, the SDK version is XPLM303, the debug configuration is Debug, the debug platform is active (x64), the additional include directory is the XPLM and Widgets directories, and the linker is the link library Libraries-Win.

[0104] Step 1.2: Header file configuration. First, import the basic C / C++ header files required for the project, such as <iostream> 、 <chrono>Et cetera to ensure the normal operation of the compiler. Then import the XPLM header files provided by the official X-Plane SDK, such as XPLMDisplay.h, XPLMGraphics.h, etc., to ensure that the program can correctly obtain the development functions provided by X-Plane.

[0105] Step 1.3: Set up event listening and display window. First, set up the event listening mechanism, mainly including: setting the window WindowID; the function draw_ROAAS(·) is used to construct parameters such as XPLMWindowID; the dummy(·) function is used to listen for mouse events, cursor status, scroll wheel events, and keyboard events, etc. Secondly, call the PLUGIN_API provided by the SDK to define the XPluginStart(·) function. First, set the function callback function CallBackDataReader(·), set the function activity interval to 1.00s, then call the event listening, and set the window parameter function params(·) after the plugin starts to implement functions such as layer display, window size, and window dragging. Then call the PLUGIN_API to define the XPluginStop(·) function to set the stop of the ROAAS plugin window display function.

[0106] Step 1.4: X-Plane data interaction. There are two ways of data interaction provided by X-Plane:

[0107] One is through plugins, and the other is through the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) communication protocol.

[0108] One of the functions of X-Plane is the open architecture API, which allows the use of plugins to modify aircraft and aircraft system data. Users can write plugins in C / C++ according to their needs, and then use the DataRefs API in the official provided SDK to allow the plugins to read or exchange data with other plugins for subsequent data operations. In this embodiment, the parameters required for the X-Plane runtime algorithm are obtained based on the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef("parameter index”)) function in the SDK provided by X-Plane, where "parameter index” is the path index of the parameter. The obtained parameters will be used as the input of the subsequent system.

[0109] Step 2: Write and embed the landing distance prediction algorithm. By defining two functions calculate_GPS_distance(·) and calculate_prediction_distance(·), calculate the actual landing distance and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD at intervals of 1.00s respectively.

[0110] Step 2.1: GPS calculates the actual landing distance function calculate_GPS_distance(·): Obtain the longitude and latitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm according to the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef("parameter index")) function, and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is

[0111]

[0112] where R is the radius of the earth, is the latitude of the two points, is the latitude difference between the two points, and Δλ is the longitude difference between the two points.

[0113] Step 2.2: Predict the landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·). Predict the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system based on the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during the X-Plane runtime.

[0114]

[0115] where L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, ΔL is the total correction distance for correcting the parameters that affect the actual landing distance by the algorithm, and Dist flare , Dist trans and Dist end are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the flare, transition, and deceleration taxiing segments respectively.

[0116] Step 3: Set up the ROAAS runway overrun risk judgment module. Based on the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, combined with the available runway length and the aircraft's height above the ground, set different risk judgment and warning prompt logics. As Figure 2 shown.

[0117] Step 3.1: If the judgment module makes a caution-level warning judgment on the input data, indicating that if the aircraft lands in the current state, there is a risk of overrun, but it can be avoided through timely operations, the display window gives the word "Caution" and a voice prompt to remind the pilot of the caution-level risk and the need to make timely adjustments to avoid the risk.

[0118] Step 3.2: If the judgment module makes a warning-level warning judgment on the input data, the display window gives the words "Warning Go Around" and a voice prompt to remind the pilot of the warning-level risk that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute the go-around procedure.

[0119] Step 4: Set the startup and disable of the ROAAS function. In the function startup and shutdown module, call the PLUGIN_API. By writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and XPluginDisable(·) function, the startup and stop of the ROAAS function can be selected in the cockpit option setting bar.

[0120] Step 5: Design of the simulation assistance module. As Figure 3 shown, the designed ROAAS-PFD should provide the following important information to the pilot:

[0121] (1) Flight parameter display: The altitude information includes the altitude above sea level, relative altitude, and radio altitude. The altitude above sea level is the height based on the mean sea level and is crucial for operations such as route flight, altitude maintenance during the cruise phase, and judging the distance between the aircraft and ground obstacles; speed information, such as the indicated airspeed, is one of the most intuitive display contents. When the aircraft approaches the stall speed, the system will issue a warning to the pilot, enabling the pilot to take measures to increase the speed and prevent the aircraft from stalling; attitude information includes the pitch and roll attitudes of the aircraft. The pitch attitude shows the up and down angle of the nose relative to the horizon. When the aircraft is descending, the pilot can clearly see the pitch angle of the aircraft through this indicator, thereby accurately controlling the descent rate of the aircraft.

[0122] (2) Navigation information assistance: The actual landing distance and the remaining available length of the runway are important data during the approach and landing phase of the aircraft. As the aircraft descends onto the runway and starts to taxi, the actual landing distance continuously increases, while the remaining available length of the runway continuously decreases. The pilot needs to continuously monitor these two values to ensure that the aircraft does not overrun the runway.

[0123] (3) System status prompt and warning: When the aircraft is in adverse conditions such as too high approach speed, too high approach altitude, too strong external wind speed, and poor runway surface conditions, the ROAAS background will trigger through the risk prompt and warning module, and the PFD will generate corresponding visual and auditory warnings. If a caution-level warning is triggered, the PFD provides a yellow warning light and triggers the "Caution” voice warning; if a warning-level warning is triggered, the PFD provides a red warning light and triggers the "Warning Go Around” voice warning. This enables the pilot to quickly understand the system status of the aircraft, assist the pilot in taking emergency measures, and ensure flight safety.

[0124] Step 5.1: UDP data transmission. In addition to supporting data reading and subsequent processing within the software through plugins, X-Plane also supports transmitting and modifying X-Plane data between devices via UDP. Communication with X-Plane can be achieved by sending and receiving structs (structures) of a certain structure via UDP; the byte alignment of these structs must conform to the current Intel 64-bit X-Code alignment. If the largest data type in the struct is int or float, the struct needs to be aligned by 4 bytes, and if it contains double-type data, it needs to be aligned by 8 bytes; data interaction is performed by sending commands to X-Plane, and the format of this command consists of a four-byte command string ending with '\0' plus a data structure.

[0125] Step 5.2: Port number configuration. Since X-Plane and MATLAB are used for ROAAS-PFD design and development on the same computer, data interaction is performed on the local machine, so the default IP address of X-Plane is used. Port communication must be continuously set between the X-Plane port and the MATLAB port, that is, the output port number of X-Plane must be the same as the input port number of MATLAB, and the input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB. In this development, the default communication port number of X-Plane is used, configuring port number 49000 for MATLAB to send and port number 49005 for MATLAB to receive, as Figure 4 shown.

[0126] Step 5.3: ROAAS algorithm call. Using X-Plane Connect (XPC) as the middleware, the required parameters in X-Plane simulated flight can be transmitted to MATLAB via the UDP protocol. By writing the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm and risk warning and alarm algorithms in MATLAB language, the development of the auxiliary ROAAS function can be achieved in MATLAB.

[0127] Step 5.4: PFD interface design. The ROAAS-PFD developed through MATLAB's GUIDE is as Figure 5 As shown in the figure. On the page, the two-dimensional movement trajectory diagram of the aircraft is in the upper left corner. By displaying the longitude and latitude data, it can provide the pilot with the movement position of the aircraft relative to the ground / runway. The main flight parameters are in the upper right corner, including the reference approach speed, flight path angle, radio altitude, and true airspeed. These are the parameters that the pilot needs to focus on when controlling the aircraft to approach and land. The calculation results of the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm are in the lower left corner, providing the pilot with the predicted values of PLD, RMD, and 1.02TLD under four automatic brake gears respectively, and displaying the risk judgment results of the approach and landing through the corresponding warning messages. When the warning program triggers the corresponding warning prompt, the system provides visual and voice prompts, such as "Caution” and "Warning Go Around”. Green indicates a safe landing; yellow indicates the triggering of a caution-level warning; and red represents a warning-level warning.

[0128] Step 6: System simulation and testing. The detailed operation process of the ROAAS simulation platform developed based on X-Plane is as Figure 6 shown. Compile the ROAAS function code into a.xpl file through Visual Studio and configure it in the X-Plane folder. After the host starts the software, the system will synchronously load the ROAAS plugin and put it in a standby state. After the user enters the X-Plane interactive interface, configure the test aircraft type, target airport runway, weather conditions, and time according to the requirements.

[0129] Step 6.1: When selecting the test aircraft type, it is necessary to set the aircraft's center of gravity position, payload weight, total internal fuel weight, and whether the engine is running.

[0130] Step 6.2: When configuring the target airport runway, it is necessary to select the aircraft's relative position to the runway and configure the runway conditions at the same time.

[0131] Step 6.3: Setting the weather conditions includes wind layers, cloud layers, atmospheric conditions, and thermal currents, etc.

[0132] Step 6.4: Setting the time can set any time period according to the target scenario, or synchronize with the real date and time.

[0133] After configuring all flight parameters, the user enters the simulated flight interface. At this time, ROAAS is activated in the form of a plug-in and synchronously displayed through the window. The user controls the aircraft to approach and land using the keyboard, mouse, or external joystick device. When the aircraft descends to the specified altitude, ROAAS is activated and obtains flight parameters through the DataRefs API, predicts PLD, RMD, and 1.02TLD in real time, displays important flight parameters in the ROAAS window, and at the same time, the risk prompt and warning module operates to immediately determine whether there is a risk of running off the runway during this approach and landing, and displays the aircraft landing status (Safe / Caution / Warning) through the PFD.

[0134] The invention transmits X-Plane real-time simulation data to MATLAB by adopting the UDP transmission protocol and XPC as middleware, and secondary develops the ROAAS algorithm and the transmitted data through MATLAB, thereby realizing the development of the ROAAS-PFD function and providing more concise and intuitive ROAAS information for the simulation platform.

[0135] The present invention also provides a simulation platform implementation system for a runway overrun prompt and warning system. The simulation platform implementation system for the runway overrun prompt and warning system can be realized by executing the process steps of the simulation platform implementation method for the runway overrun prompt and warning system. That is, those skilled in the art can understand the simulation platform implementation method for the runway overrun prompt and warning system as a preferred implementation manner of the simulation platform implementation system for the runway overrun prompt and warning system.

[0136] Specifically, a simulation platform implementation system for a runway overrun prompt and warning system includes:

[0137] Module M1: Construct a ROAAS cockpit display interface, use the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the completed plug-in at the same time, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data;

[0138] Module M2: According to the flight parameter data, calculate the actual landing distance at a fixed time interval using the defined function, and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD;

[0139] Module M3: According to the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, evaluate the risk of running off the runway in combination with the available runway length and the aircraft's height above the ground; when there is a risk, determine the warning level according to the preset logic and send a warning message of the corresponding level to the pilot.

[0140] It also includes:

[0141] Module M4: Set the start and disable of the ROAAS function;

[0142] Module M5: Conduct simulation-assisted module design through MATLAB, and then complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

[0143] The data interaction methods provided by X-Plane include interaction through plugins and interaction through the User Datagram Protocol; obtain the parameters required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm based on the XPLMGetDataf function in the SDK provided by X-Plane for subsequent system input, and use the queried parameter path parameter index as the path index of the parameter.

[0144] The module M2 includes the following sub-modules:

[0145] Module M2.1: Use GPS data to calculate the actual landing distance function calculate_GPS_distance(·):

[0146] Obtain the longitude and latitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm according to the XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef("parameter index”)) function, and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is:

[0147]

[0148] where R is the radius of the earth, is the latitude of two points, is the latitude difference between two points, and Δλ is the longitude difference between two points;

[0149] Module M2.2: Based on the predicted landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·), predict the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system through the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during the X-Plane runtime:

[0150]

[0151] where L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, ΔL is the total correction distance for correcting the parameters that affect the actual landing distance by the algorithm, and Dist flare , Dist trans and Dist end are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the flare, transition, and deceleration taxiing segments respectively.

[0152] The warning levels are divided into:

[0153] Caution level indicates that if the aircraft lands in its current state, there is a risk of overrunning the runway, but it can be avoided through timely operations. At this time, the display window shows the word "Caution" and a voice prompt.

[0154] Warning level means that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute a go-around procedure. At this time, the display window shows the words "Warning Go Around" and a voice prompt.

[0155] The module M4 includes calling PLUGIN_API in the function start / stop module. By writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and XPluginDisable(·) function, the enabling and stopping of the ROAAS function can be selected in the cockpit option setting bar.

[0156] The module M5 includes the following sub-modules:

[0157] Module M5.1: Transmits data based on the User Datagram Protocol and communicates with X-Plane by sending and receiving a structure of a certain structure between it and X-Plane.

[0158] Module M5.2: Configures the port numbers: the input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB.

[0159] Module M5.3: Uses X-Plane Connect as middleware to transmit the required parameters in the X-Plane simulated flight to MATLAB via the User Datagram Protocol. Writes the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm and risk prompt and warning algorithms in MATLAB language to implement the development of the auxiliary ROAAS function in MATLAB.

[0160] The interface of the primary flight display is equipped with warning lights of different colors; the green warning light indicates a safe landing, the yellow warning light indicates the triggering of the caution-level warning, and the red warning light represents the warning-level warning.

[0161] Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc. to achieve the same functions. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a kind of hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can also be regarded as either software modules for implementing the method or structures within the hardware component.

[0162] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.< / chrono> < / iostream>

Claims

1. A simulation platform implementation method for a runway overrun prompt and warning system, characterized in that: include: Step S1: Build the ROAAS cockpit display interface, use the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the compiled plug-in at the same time, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data; Step S2: According to the flight parameter data, the actual landing distance at a fixed time interval is calculated using the defined function, and PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD is predicted; Step S3: Based on the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, the risk of overrunning the runway is assessed in combination with the available length of the runway and the height of the aircraft above the ground; when there is a risk, the warning level is determined according to the preset logic, and a warning message of the corresponding level is issued to the pilot.

2. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: Step S4: Setting the activation and disabling of the ROAAS function; Step S5: Perform simulation-assisted module design through MATLAB to complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

3. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data interaction methods provided by X-Plane include interaction through plug-ins and interaction through the User Datagram Protocol. The XPLMGetDataf function in the SDK provided by X-Plane obtains the parameters required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm for input to subsequent systems, and uses the queried parameter path parameter index as the path index of the parameter.

4. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 comprises the following sub-steps: Step S2.1: Calculate the actual landing distance using GPS data Function calculate_GPS_distance(·): The XPLMGetDataf(XPLMFindDataRef("parameter index")) function is used to obtain the longitude and latitude data required by the X-Plane runtime algorithm and calculate the real-time flight distance. The formula is: Where R is the radius of the Earth, are the latitudes of the two points, is the latitude difference between the two points, Δλ is the longitude difference between the two points; Step S2.2: Based on the predicted landing distance function calculate_prediction_distance(·), the PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD required by the ROAAS system is predicted using the aircraft parameters and environmental parameters obtained during X-Plane runtime: Among them, PLD represents performance landing distance, RMD represents ROAAS model distance, TLD represents typical landing distance; L ref is the reference landing distance of the aircraft in the current configuration, ΔL is the sum of the corrected distances of the parameters that affect the actual landing distance. flare 、Dist trans and Dist end They are the initial predicted landing distances of the aircraft in the final approach leveling phase, transition phase and deceleration roll phase respectively.

5. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm levels are: Alert level means that if the aircraft lands in the current state, there is a risk of running off the runway, but it can be avoided through timely operation; at this time, the display window gives the word "Caution" and voice prompts; Warning level means that the aircraft cannot land safely and must execute a go-around procedure; at this time, the display window gives the words "Warning GoAround" and a voice prompt.

6. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S4 includes calling PLUGIN_API in the function start-stop module, and selecting the enablement and stop of the ROAAS function in the cockpit option setting column by writing the XPluginEnable(·) function and the XPluginDisable(·) function.

7. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises the following sub-steps: Step S5.1: Data transmission is performed based on the User Datagram Protocol, and communication is performed with X-Plane by sending and receiving structures of a certain structure between the X-Plane and the X-Plane; Step S5.2: Configure the port number: the input port number on X-Plane is the output port number on MATLAB; Step S5.3: Using X-Plane Connect as the middleware, the required parameters in the X-Plane simulated flight are transmitted to MATLAB through the User Datagram Protocol, and the ROAAS landing distance prediction algorithm and the risk prompt and warning algorithm are written in MATLAB language to realize the auxiliary ROAAS function development in MATLAB.

8. The simulation platform implementation method of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interface of the primary flight display is equipped with warning lights of different colors; the green warning light indicates a safe landing, the yellow warning light indicates that the standby level alarm is triggered, and the red warning light represents a warning level alarm.

9. A simulation platform implementation system for a runway overrun warning and alert system, characterized in that: include: Module M1: Build the ROAAS cockpit display interface, use the flight simulation software X-Plane as the simulation environment, run its main program and the written plug-in at the same time, and use the open architecture API and DataRefs API provided by X-Plane to read or exchange flight parameter data; Module M2: Based on the flight parameter data, use the defined function to calculate the actual landing distance at a fixed time interval and predict PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD; Module M3: Evaluate the risk of runway overrun based on the predicted PLD / RMD / 1.02TLD, combined with the available runway length and the aircraft's altitude; when there is a risk, determine the warning level according to the preset logic and send a warning message of the corresponding level to the pilot.

10. The simulation platform implementation system of the runway overrun prompt and warning system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Module M4: Set the start and stop of the ROAAS function; Module M5: Use MATLAB to perform simulation-assisted module design to complete the interface design of the primary flight display.

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