Hazardous chemical substance data sharing supervision method and system based on alliance block chain

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a hazardous chemical substance data sharing supervision method and system based on an alliance block chain. A specific implementation mode of the method comprises a data uploading step, and the data uploading step comprises the steps that entities of all links in the life cycle of the hazardous chemical substances collect data of the corresponding links through Internet of Things equipment and store the data into a management system of the entities; submitting supervision data in the corresponding link data to an alliance block chain node corresponding to a supervisor by using a management system of the entity and an interface provided by the supervisor; the supervisor audits the received supervision data, and writes the supervision data into a block chain account book if the supervision data pass the auditing; based on the received supervision data of each link, generating life cycle data of the hazardous chemical substance; and based on the life cycle data, carrying out full life cycle monitoring on the hazardous chemical substance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a method and system for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on a consortium blockchain. Background Art

[0002] Hazardous chemicals have characteristics such as flammability, explosiveness, toxicity, and harmfulness. All links in the whole life cycle, such as production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal, contain huge safety risks. If management is not strengthened, it will directly threaten the safety of public life, property, and the ecological environment, and even cause huge irreparable damage.

[0003] At present, accidents such as leakage, deflagration, and explosion of hazardous chemicals in China are in a high-incidence state. The whole-life-cycle penetration supervision and the whole-process traceability-based refined flow management of hazardous chemicals are still difficult problems. The supervision of hazardous chemicals involves a wide range of fields, and the relationships among participating entities are intricate. For the links of production, storage, use, operation, transportation, and waste disposal of hazardous chemicals, it involves the emergency management department, the public security department, the market supervision department, the ecological environment department, the transportation department (including road, waterway, railway, aviation and other transportation departments), the port management department, the health department, etc.; for the industry planning and layout of hazardous chemical production and storage, it involves the industry and information technology department; for hazardous chemical scientific research activities, it involves the science and technology department and the education department.

[0004] At present, relevant government departments for the supervision of hazardous chemicals have established information-based supervision systems based on the types of hazardous chemicals and stages of the links they supervise, but have not yet achieved efficient cross-departmental and cross-regional data sharing, which is not conducive to the refined traceability supervision of the whole life cycle of hazardous chemicals and the business collaboration of relevant supervision departments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This part of the disclosure is provided to introduce concepts in a brief form, which will be described in detail in the following detailed implementation part. This part of the disclosure is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on a consortium blockchain. The method includes: a data on-chain step, where the data on-chain step includes: entities in each link of the hazardous chemical life cycle collect corresponding link data through Internet of Things devices and store it in the entity's management system; using the entity's management system and the interface provided by the supervisor, submit the supervision data in the corresponding link data to the corresponding consortium blockchain node of the supervisor; the supervisor reviews the received supervision data, and if the review is passed, it is written into the blockchain ledger; generate the life cycle data of the hazardous chemical based on the received supervision data in each link; perform full life cycle monitoring on the hazardous chemical based on the life cycle data; where the Internet of Things device is integrated with a blockchain chip, and the blockchain chip is bound to the Internet of Things device one by one for monitoring the authenticity of the original data before it is uploaded to the chain; where the life cycle of the hazardous chemical includes one or more of the following links: production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal; where the supervisor includes at least one of the following departments: emergency management, public security, quality inspection, environmental protection, transportation, and industry and commerce administration.

[0007] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on a consortium blockchain, including: an infrastructure layer, including: data sensing devices, a transmission network, and a blockchain platform; a sharing and exchange layer, including: a data exchange platform and multiple databases; a supervision application layer, including: multiple supervision systems, where the supervision system is used to implement corresponding types of supervision based on the life cycle data of the hazardous chemical; where the data sensing layer includes one or more of the following: RFID, device monitoring instruments, vehicle navigation sensing facilities, and trusted devices with blockchain chips, and the collected data is stored in a trusted manner on the chain through the blockchain platform, and multiple backups of the data and data immutability are achieved through mutual consensus between the blockchain platform nodes; where the multiple supervision systems include one or more of the following: a life cycle traceability system, a real-time safety monitoring system, a risk analysis and early warning system, an emergency information sharing and collaboration system, and an industry entity credit rating and evaluation system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In combination with the accompanying drawings and with reference to the following specific embodiments, the above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the original elements and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0009] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on a consortium blockchain according to the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the scenario of the method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain;

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of one or more embodiments of the system for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain according to the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 4 It is an exemplary system architecture to which the method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain can be applied;

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0014] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0015] It should be understood that the steps recited in the method embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0016] As used herein, the term "including" and its variants are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description.

[0017] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependent relationships.

[0018] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0019] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0020] One or more embodiments of the present application provide an information platform for dynamic supervision of the whole life cycle data sharing of hazardous chemicals based on the consortium blockchain. In view of the current situation of many participants in the hazardous chemical industry chain, complex relationships among regulatory parties, information islands and regulatory gaps, and relatively high accident risks, the characteristics of trustworthy data sharing and multi-party collaboration of the blockchain are utilized to establish a regulatory platform with trustworthy data sharing throughout the process, high efficiency and orderliness, and large-scale distributed collaboration, so as to solve problems such as untimely and untrustworthy data sharing among various links of hazardous chemical circulation and various regulatory departments, opaque and inaccurate control of the flow direction of hazardous chemicals, and uncoordinated and unintelligent disposal of hazardous chemicals. Improve the information interaction and sharing channels among hazardous chemical producers, operators, transporters, storers, users and relevant regulatory departments at all levels, gradually transform the current static supervision mode with enterprises as the supervision object into a dynamic supervision mode with hazardous chemicals themselves as the tracking object to trigger relevant parties in the entire industrial chain, and supplement it with the industry entity credit score and facility health code established based on trustworthy data to promote enterprises and individuals to actively implement the responsibility for work safety and achieve seamless supervision throughout the whole process from production, storage, transportation, use, operation, waste disposal and other links.

[0021] One or more embodiments of the present application construct a blockchain network composed of hazardous chemical enterprises and multiple regulatory departments in each link based on the consortium chain, realize trustworthy and real-time sharing of information among regulatory departments and anti-tampering and traceability of the whole process information of hazardous chemicals, and break the information barriers between different regulatory departments and transfer links. With the help of technologies such as blockchain, secure multi-party computing and privacy protection, a data security sharing architecture based on models is constructed to provide a reliable data sharing mode of data immobility and model movement to avoid metadata leaving the original institution, and realize the sharing of business data between different regulatory departments and enterprises that is available but not visible. Ensure that relevant business information of hazardous chemical regulatory departments and operating enterprises is not leaked and data is transmitted trustworthily, break the information barriers between different departments, different levels, different regions and enterprises in each link, and provide strong support for joint law enforcement and emergency rescue collaboration.

[0022] One or more embodiments of the present application utilize the trustworthy deposit library and smart contract technology of the blockchain to achieve data security sharing, and combine with data privacy protection technology based on cryptography to realize the reasonable and secure transfer of hazardous chemical supervision data and the privacy protection of hazardous chemical enterprise data according to the supervision responsibilities of regulatory departments.

[0023] One or more embodiments of the present application implement flexible permission control through multi-level encryption. Adopting a strict CA architecture, it has relatively strict control over the access and identity of nodes. It provides trusted services based on smart contracts, including permission control, data exchange traceability, and auditing. Nodes with different identities have different data access permissions, and a pluggable multi-level encryption mechanism is used to protect data security, identity security, communication security, and institutional security.

[0024] One or more embodiments of the present application form a trusted data stream through full-process monitoring. Based on the blockchain, the integrity and immutability of the data on the chain are realized. The blockchain platform links each link in the whole life cycle of hazardous chemicals. The whole-process business data and regulatory law enforcement data are uploaded to the chain after being consensus by each node. The platform monitors the data on the chain in real time to form a complete and trusted data stream of hazardous chemicals.

[0025] One or more embodiments of the present application, trusted data traceability supports evidence collection and accountability. Utilizing the characteristics of the blockchain such as transparency, immutability, and traceability, the state data changes during the life cycle of hazardous chemicals are used to drive the supervision work, which can effectively trace the problems existing in each link, is conducive to the information disclosure of all parties, accident investigation, and implementation of the main responsibility of enterprises for work safety, finding solutions, and improving the efficiency of safety supervision. The data traceable by traditional IT technologies does not have credibility, so it cannot well support evidence collection and accountability.

[0026] One or more embodiments of the present application, the multi-node consortium blockchain network constructed based on blockchain technology has the characteristic of directly uploading data to the chain, optimizing the traditional model of reporting level by level in the information platform, realizing the flattening of the entire supervision network, the equality of information between nodes (departments), greatly shortening the acquisition path between the information source and the supervisor, and improving the response speed and effect of the entire supervision.

[0027] One or more embodiments of the present application support an innovative supervision mode of visualization and mobility. By establishing a trusted credit evaluation system for enterprise legal persons, main enterprise staff, inspection personnel, law enforcement personnel, etc., each subject has a credit score, comprehensively reflecting the industry credit of the subject, expanding the extension and auxiliary means of hazardous chemicals supervision, and enhancing the supervision effect.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows the process of an embodiment of the hazardous chemical data sharing and supervision method based on the consortium blockchain according to the present disclosure. As Figure 1 shown, the hazardous chemical data sharing and supervision method based on the consortium blockchain includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 101, the data uploading step.

[0030] Step 102: Generate life cycle data of hazardous chemicals based on the received supervision data of each link.

[0031] Step 103: Conduct full life cycle monitoring of hazardous chemicals based on the life cycle data.

[0032] The Internet of Things device is integrated with a blockchain chip. Among them, the blockchain chip is bound to the Internet of Things device one by one to monitor the authenticity of the original data before it is uploaded to the chain.

[0033] The supervision parties include at least one of the following departments: emergency management, public security, quality inspection, environmental protection, transportation, and industry and commerce administration.

[0034] The life cycle of the hazardous chemicals includes the following links: production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal.

[0035] In some scenarios, the blockchain-based hazardous chemical supervision platform is built on the basis of the self-owned management systems of enterprises in the relevant links of hazardous chemical production, transportation, storage, operation, use, and waste disposal. Each enterprise system collects data of the corresponding link through Internet of Things devices, stores it in the enterprise's own management system, and then uploads the corresponding supervision data to the blockchain-based hazardous chemical supervision platform in the form of interface calls according to the requirements of the supervision parties for the supervision of the supervision parties.

[0036] According to the requirements of the whole-process supervision and traceability of hazardous chemicals, the supervision and traceability blockchain network of hazardous chemicals consists of various enterprises involved in the transfer links such as hazardous chemical production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal, and supervision departments such as emergency management, public security, quality inspection, environmental protection, transportation, and industry and commerce administration. As shown in the appendix Figure 2 as shown.

[0037] As an example, the emergency management department, as the comprehensive supervision responsible party in the safety management of hazardous chemicals, can view the full life cycle of hazardous chemicals at any time and is responsible for the permission management of each participant in the whole process of hazardous chemical supervision. Departments such as public security, transportation, environmental protection, quality inspection, and industry and commerce obtain data within the corresponding permissions of hazardous chemicals according to the supervision responsibility division and upload the corresponding qualification, inspection, and monitoring information. Various enterprises involved in the links of hazardous chemical production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal are users of the blockchain. The emergency management department assigns permissions and uploads the corresponding hazardous chemical process data as required. Various enterprises do not need to view and store the hazardous chemical information on the blockchain and deposit the information into the blockchain through interaction with the supervision parties on the chain. Therefore, various enterprises are not set as blockchain nodes.

[0038] In some embodiments, the steps of uploading data to the blockchain include: entities in all links of the hazardous chemical product life cycle collect data of corresponding links through Internet of Things devices and store them in the management system of the entity; the entity submits the supervision data in the corresponding link data to the supervisor by means of interface call; the supervisor audits the received supervision data and writes it into the blockchain ledger after the audit is completed.

[0039] That is to say, hazardous chemical production enterprises need to interact with the blockchain nodes of the emergency management, quality inspection and environmental protection supervision departments during the production process, submit the production data related to hazardous chemicals to the endorsement nodes of the supervision department for review, and write it into the blockchain ledger after the review is completed.

[0040] In some embodiments, the production data of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: product production batch number, product traceability code, production information, product characteristics, product image; among them, the product image file is stored in the form of image characteristics.

[0041] In some embodiments, the transportation data of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: the location, speed, and status information of the transportation carrier collected in real time by the vehicle-mounted Beidou navigation or GPS sensing device during the transportation process of the hazardous chemical transportation entity.

[0042] In some embodiments, the usage data of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: the operating parameters and usage environment information of the usage equipment collected in real time by the equipment monitoring instrument during the usage process of the hazardous chemical usage entity.

[0043] In some embodiments, based on the supervision data of each link received, the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals is generated, including: obtaining the corresponding traceability code of the hazardous chemical, where the traceability code is the unique identification label during the tracing process; based on the traceability code, generating the traceability chain of the life cycle of the hazardous chemical; the supervisor traces and obtains the life cycle data of the hazardous chemical based on the traceability chain.

[0044] The steps of tracing the life cycle of hazardous chemicals include: obtaining the corresponding traceability code of the hazardous chemical, where the traceability code is the unique identification label during the tracing process; generating the traceability chain of the hazardous chemical in the whole life cycle; the supervisor conducts full-process supervision on the life cycle data of the hazardous chemical based on the traceability chain.

[0045] Set up an identification coding mechanism for hazardous chemicals. Assign the corresponding traceability code to the hazardous chemical for use as the unique identification label during the tracing process.

[0046] Set up a hazardous chemical tracing mechanism. Support forward and backward tracing of hazardous chemicals to form a traceability chain for the whole process of production, circulation, and use of hazardous chemicals.

[0047] Set up a multi-level traceability mechanism for hazardous chemicals. In the case where hazardous chemicals are split, corresponding multi-level traceability codes are generated to trace all split hazardous chemicals.

[0048] Set up hierarchical permission control. The Ministry of Emergency Management can provide hierarchical permission management for each regulatory node in the blockchain network, ensuring that each regulatory node can only trace specific data, achieving efficient and secure multi-party data sharing, information traceability, ensuring the integrity of information without loss, and protecting the information of the collected users.

[0049] Set up a traceability audit and early warning mechanism. Traceability audit is an important tool for data circulation. Establish a perfect traceability audit system for the data that has circulated, so that violations and infringements can be traced and discovered in a timely manner. Through the blockchain, the behaviors of all entities participating in data circulation can be transparently recorded, facilitating the data owner to check the data usage records, and combining big data analysis technology to deeply mine the data on the chain, detecting abnormal behaviors in a timely manner and quickly locating abnormal situations, and tracing back to the source of the behavior.

[0050] As an example, the regulatory party can input the traceability code of hazardous chemicals through the platform to query the full life cycle information of the hazardous chemicals from production to waste disposal, including the production records of production enterprises, raw material sources, production processes, quality inspection reports, transportation routes, transportation times, transportation conditions during transportation, storage locations, storage times, storage environments of storage enterprises, sales records and customer information of operating enterprises, usage purposes, usage amounts, post-usage treatment methods of using enterprises, disposal methods, disposal times, and post-disposal environmental monitoring data of waste disposal enterprises, etc., to achieve penetrative supervision of the full life cycle of hazardous chemicals.

[0051] In some embodiments, the full life cycle monitoring of hazardous chemicals based on the life cycle data includes: screening out target hazard sources from the hazardous chemicals according to preset screening rules and in combination with the determined hazard source monitoring objects; obtaining real-time life cycle data based on the entities and traceability chains involved in each link of the life cycle of the target hazard source; wherein the real-time life cycle data includes one or more of the following: production records, raw material sources, production processes, quality inspection reports of production entities, transportation routes, transportation times, transportation conditions during transportation, storage locations, storage times, storage environments of storage entities, sales records and customer information of operating entities, usage purposes, usage amounts, post-usage treatment methods of using entities, disposal methods, disposal times, and post-disposal environmental monitoring data of waste disposal entities; generating status data, source data, and destination data for each link of the target hazard source according to the real-time life cycle data.

[0052] As an example, taking hazardous chemicals as the main line of monitoring and supervision, starting from the production process of hazardous chemicals, identity codes are assigned to hazardous chemicals according to the unit mass of hazardous chemicals or other unified measurement methods, and the safety management target units of hazardous chemicals are refined from carriers to hazardous chemical units, improving the accuracy of information-based safety management of hazardous chemicals. Connect to the hazardous chemical supervision system of "two key points and one major", and include the main hazardous chemical production enterprises, storage enterprises, transportation enterprises and using enterprises involved in it into the blockchain platform. Based on the real-time data and early warnings of hazardous chemical storage facilities and production devices of enterprises, the data and early warnings of combustible and toxic gases, the monitoring and early warnings of safety parameters of dangerous chemical processes, information such as monitoring videos, the hazardous chemical information and real-time status data of transportation carriers, etc., master the source and destination data of hazardous chemicals in each link. According to the national standard "Identification of Major Hazard Sources of Hazardous Chemicals" (GB18218-2018), combined with the identified major hazard source monitoring objects, screen out new major hazard sources for quasi-real-time monitoring and tracking.

[0053] In some embodiments, the full life cycle monitoring of hazardous chemicals based on the life cycle data includes: based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals, applying a risk identification algorithm to predict and warn of potential risks; wherein, the generation steps of the risk identification algorithm include: based on the accidents that have occurred and the data involved in the accidents that have occurred, applying a data analysis algorithm to generate the rule information of hazardous chemical accidents; generating a risk identification algorithm based on the rule information.

[0054] As an example, based on the whole-process trusted shared data in the links of production, storage, transportation, operation, use, waste disposal, etc. of hazardous chemicals, the platform uses big data analysis technology, applies a risk identification algorithm, predicts and warns of potential risks, greatly improves the ability to detect potential safety hazards, and enables potential risks to be detected, prevented and treated in a timely and effective manner. Based on the analysis of trusted data, the big data platform finds out the specific rules of hazardous chemical accidents, helps to prevent accidents caused by potential reasons, and eliminates potential risks to prevent the occurrence of hazardous chemical accidents from the source.

[0055] In some embodiments, the full life cycle monitoring of hazardous chemicals based on the life cycle data includes: based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals, pre-configuring the warning levels, alarm levels and corresponding collaboration rules of business scenarios; when an emergency warning or accident occurs, according to the corresponding collaboration rules, notify the relevant regulatory parties and send them information; send accident notices or warning notices to relevant individuals and send individual action guides.

[0056] Here, the information includes one or more of the following: action measures, relevant hazardous chemical parameters, location, layout, internal and external emergency rescue facilities and personnel.

[0057] Here, the individual action guidelines include one or more of the following: personal protection, first aid measures, fire protection measures, and leakage emergency handling.

[0058] As an example, based on the full-process data sharing of hazardous chemicals, it supports pre-configuring the warning, alarm levels, and response measures for different business scenarios. When an emergency warning or accident occurs, according to the corresponding collaboration rules, relevant departments such as emergency management, public security fire protection, transportation, medical and health, and ecological environment can obtain the action measures they need to take, as well as accurate information such as the parameters, location, layout, internal and external emergency rescue facilities and personnel of the relevant hazardous chemicals in a timely manner, providing strong technical support for the implementation of emergency plans, emergency command and dispatch, and the allocation of emergency resources. At the same time, the system can send accident or warning notifications to relevant individuals through terminals such as mobile phone APPs, and inform them of action guidelines such as personal protection, first aid measures, fire protection measures, and leakage emergency handling.

[0059] In some embodiments, the method further includes: establishing a credit rating evaluation model for hazardous chemical enterprises and their personnel based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals; generating a credit score for the enterprise entity and a credit score for the personnel according to the evaluation model; where the personnel include one or more of the following: production personnel, management personnel, inspectors, warehouse keepers, transportation personnel, and law enforcement personnel.

[0060] As an example, based on the data uploaded to the blockchain at each link of hazardous chemicals, establish a credit rating evaluation model for hazardous chemical enterprises and their main personnel, encourage positive behaviors and professional qualities, generate credible rating evaluation indicators, use the credit score as an important evaluation and reward indicator for relevant personnel, mobilize the enthusiasm of all participants in the full process of hazardous chemicals, promote the construction of a bottom-up active supervision mechanism, provide important support for improving the quality and efficiency of hazardous chemical supervision, and thus deeply reduce the probability of various accidents. The industry entities to be evaluated include enterprises and their production and management personnel, inspectors, warehouse keepers, transportation personnel, experts, and law enforcement personnel at each link, and relevant government staff such as administrative approval can also be included.

[0061] In some embodiments, the blockchain's smart contract is used to control the data permissions of the regulatory party, share data based on peer-to-peer data transmission between nodes, and record the data exchange between nodes through the blockchain.

[0062] As an example, business isolation is achieved through namespaces to realize partition consensus for internal transactions in the blockchain network; support privacy protection at the transaction granularity, while ensuring the effective isolation of privacy data and the authenticity of transaction data; restrict the roles and users accessing the data through smart contracts and access control policies; for sensitive information, only upload the digital digest or encrypted data to the blockchain.

[0063] Please refer toFigure 3 , which shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a hazardous chemicals data sharing and supervision system based on a consortium blockchain according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A hazardous chemicals data sharing and supervision system based on a consortium blockchain is shown, comprising: an infrastructure layer, a shared exchange layer, and a supervision application layer.

[0064] The infrastructure layer includes: data sensing equipment, transmission network and blockchain platform; the shared exchange layer includes: hazardous chemicals library, enterprise library, personnel library and data exchange platform; the regulatory application layer includes: supervision of hazardous chemicals based on their life cycle data.

[0065] Here, the data perception layer includes one or more of the following: RFID, equipment monitoring instruments, vehicle-mounted navigation sensor facilities and trusted devices with blockchain chips. The collected data is stored on the blockchain platform in a trusted manner, and multiple backups of the data and data immutability are achieved through mutual consensus between the nodes of the blockchain platform.

[0066] Here, the supervision of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: life cycle traceability, real-time safety monitoring, hazard risk analysis and early warning, emergency information sharing and coordination, and entity credit rating evaluation.

[0067] The technical architecture of the information system for sharing dynamic supervision of the entire life cycle of hazardous chemicals based on the alliance blockchain provided in this embodiment includes three layers: infrastructure layer, shared exchange layer, and supervision application layer. The system establishes a full-process supervision alliance chain for hazardous chemicals that adapts to complex scenarios, connects the resources of various regulatory departments for hazardous chemicals, realizes information flow symmetry in hazardous chemicals supervision, and forms a complete hazardous chemicals supervision traceability system; based on the hazardous chemicals supervision traceability system, the data of hazardous chemicals production, operation, storage, transportation, use, and waste disposal are uploaded to the chain to realize refined supervision of hazardous chemicals' full life cycle circulation information.

[0068] In some embodiments, the blockchain platform has a high-performance smart contract engine that allows different smart contract execution engines to be connected and implement a verification signature algorithm based on GPU or FPGA acceleration.

[0069] The blockchain platform actively obtains information about blocks and blocks being consensus so that the storage of its own nodes is consistent with the latest storage status in the system as soon as possible; it supports dynamic node addition and deletion to control the entry and exit of alliance members.

[0070] The blockchain platform uses a visual monitoring platform to achieve node monitoring, block monitoring, node configuration, contract management, transaction data viewing, business data visualization, and receive alarm trigger conditions; contract data is visualized and imported into a relational database for analysis or auditing.

[0071] The blockchain platform conducts business isolation through namespaces; restricts the roles and users accessing data through smart contracts and access control policies.

[0072] As an example, the infrastructure layer consists of data-aware devices, a transmission network, and a blockchain platform. The data awareness layer includes traditional sensing facilities such as RFID, device monitoring instruments, in-vehicle Beidou navigation / GPS, etc., and trusted devices with blockchain chips. The collected data is stored in a trusted manner on the chain through the blockchain platform, and multiple backups of the data and data immutability are achieved through mutual consensus among the nodes of the blockchain platform. The core components of the blockchain platform mainly include a reliable and high-performance consensus algorithm, a high-performance Turing-complete smart contract execution engine, and an enterprise-level security module that supports dynamic members, permission control, and multi-level encryption. The blockchain platform should have the following characteristics:

[0073] High performance; the TPS of the consensus algorithm reaches more than 50,000, and the system latency is less than 300 ms; it has a high-performance smart contract engine, allows different smart contract execution engines to be connected, and supports mainstream development languages; it implements a verification signature algorithm accelerated by GPU / FPGA and can adapt to large-scale concurrent computing.

[0074] High security; it has a pluggable multi-level encryption mechanism, message digest to ensure digital security, and digital signature to ensure identity security; the identity authentication and access mechanism based on the CA system ensures institutional security, and there is a complete certificate and key management.

[0075] High availability; it has a dynamic data failure recovery mechanism, actively requests block and block information being consensus to make the storage of its own node consistent with the latest storage state in the system as soon as possible; it supports dynamic addition and deletion of nodes, facilitating the control of the admission and exit of consortium members; it provides a hot standby switching mechanism.

[0076] Scalability; it supports horizontal expansion of data storage and supports database type replacement; it conducts regular data archiving based on state snapshots to solve the problem of the linear growth of the storage capacity of the blockchain; it adopts a microservices cluster architecture; the smart contract engine is complete and accesses multiple virtual machines.

[0077] Reliability; it rejects traffic exceeding the system set limit through a flow control mechanism; it provides a mechanism for transaction deduplication to prevent replay attacks and double-spending transactions. The transactions are deduplicated according to the transaction hash. When a node verifies a transaction, it will also check whether the transaction has existed before. If it has existed before, it is determined to be a duplicate transaction, and the node will refuse to process this transaction; in a complex network, such as when there are a large number of nodes, frequent network jitters, and diverse node connections, the platform can still maintain stable performance without hindering its original functions.

[0078] Easy to operate and maintain; through the visual monitoring platform, node monitoring, block monitoring, node configuration, contract management, transaction data viewing, business data visualization, etc. are realized. It supports users to set alarm trigger conditions by themselves and send warnings via email, DingTalk, etc.; supports contract data visualization, and can import relational databases for analysis or auditing; supports seamless upgrade of contracts when business rules change without data migration; integrates functions such as blockchain deployment, operation and maintenance, centralized management, consortium chain construction and joining, consortium member management, blockchain contract and application support through the BaaS platform.

[0079] Privacy; business isolation is carried out through namespaces to achieve partition consensus for internal transactions in the blockchain network; supports privacy protection at the transaction granularity, while ensuring the effective isolation of privacy data and the authenticity of transaction data; restricts the roles and users accessing data through smart contracts and access control policies; for sensitive information, only the digital digest or encrypted data is uploaded to the blockchain.

[0080] Compatibility; supports multiple relational or non-relational databases at the bottom layer, and can perform system transplantation between different operating systems, middleware, and databases; realizes third-party compatibility of smart contracts, directly supports the Solidity language, can deploy and execute Ethereum smart contract code, and can also transplant Solidity contracts to other platforms.

[0081] In some embodiments, the data exchange platform records the fingerprint information of the shared data and the access records of the shared data on the blockchain; the data storage adopts the MerkleDAG format for unified data storage; addresses through the root hash of the MerkleDAG of the file; the data exchange platform network is connected into a multi-center peer-to-peer network through a distributed hash table, and the data sharing between the data exchange platform nodes is controlled by permissions through smart contracts on the blockchain, and peer-to-peer data transmission between off-chain nodes.

[0082] The shared exchange layer consists of full-link data views such as hazardous chemical warehouses, enterprise warehouses, and personnel warehouses and a trusted data exchange platform, realizing off-chain trusted storage, traceability of circulation, and security auditing of large-scale data. At the same time, it provides secure data sharing and circulation based on privacy computing and peer-to-peer technology, solving the problem of data sharing between various links in the whole life cycle of hazardous chemicals. Compared with the existing data sharing technologies, the data exchange platform has the following characteristics:

[0083] Secure sharing mechanism; users can select appropriate data sharing methods according to the security levels of data and the different organizational forms of original data. The fingerprint information of data shared through the trusted data exchange platform and the access records of shared data will be uniformly recorded on the blockchain for convenient auditing and tracing. For the data sharing method based on models, at the underlying level, a secure multi-party computing framework is used to ensure that data calculations occur at the data holders, and only the results of the data are shared. This sharing method realizes "data can be used but not seen, data runs less, and models run more".

[0084] Trusted storage engine; the internal storage engine of the trusted data exchange platform uses a format called Merkle DAG for unified storage of data to prevent data from being tampered with and deleted. The data inside the trusted data exchange platform is addressed through content hashes, that is, through the root hash of the Merkle DAG of the file. If the file content is tampered with or lost, it can be discovered in a timely manner. The trusted data exchange platform system implements an algorithm called Proof of Spacetime to monitor the integrity of data in real time.

[0085] Multi-centered architecture; the multi-centered architecture has higher scalability and stronger anti-attack capabilities. The trusted data exchange platform network is connected into a multi-centered peer-to-peer network through a distributed hash table, allowing any number of nodes to connect. The data in the trusted data exchange platform is stored in a decentralized manner, greatly reducing the risk of a single data center being hacked and improving the overall security of data storage. The sharing and transmission of data adopt a peer-to-peer method, and the data suppliers and demanders interact directly, improving the efficiency of data exchange.

[0086] Transparent supervision system; the data sharing between nodes of the trusted data exchange platform is controlled by permissions through smart contracts on the blockchain, and the data transmission between nodes off the chain is peer-to-peer. All records of data exchange between nodes are saved through the blockchain, and the transaction records on the blockchain cannot be changed and can be used for later traceability auditing.

[0087] Regulatory application layer, based on comprehensive and trusted metadata, realizes applications such as the full life cycle traceability of hazardous chemicals, real-time safety monitoring of various facilities / equipment, risk analysis and early warning of hazard sources, emergency information sharing and collaboration, and subject credit rating evaluation, and constructs a complete dynamic supervision system for hazardous chemicals. The specific applications include:

[0088] Hazardous Chemicals Full Lifecycle Traceability System; innovatively integrates blockchain intelligent chips for important hazardous chemicals facilities, including production equipment, transportation carriers, monitoring equipment, etc., enabling relevant facilities to participate in the credibility verification of device data on the chain as light nodes of the blockchain network. The data of each link is recorded on the chain to track the status information of hazardous chemicals during the processes of production, warehousing, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal. Once the information is on the chain, it cannot be tampered with. The chips are bound to the relevant devices during the transfer of hazardous chemicals one by one to ensure the authenticity of the original data before it is uploaded to the chain, solving the problem that it is difficult to achieve credible data traceability with traditional technical methods and strongly supporting the implementation of full lifecycle penetrative supervision of hazardous chemicals. In particular, a credible data supervision system for the whole process of production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal of hazardous chemicals is established to achieve traceable sources, traceable destinations, and controllable states of hazardous chemicals.

[0089] Major Hazard Source Real-time Safety Monitoring System; with hazardous chemicals as the main line of monitoring and supervision, starting from the production process of hazardous chemicals, identity codes are assigned to hazardous chemicals according to the unit mass of hazardous chemicals or other unified measurement methods, and the safety management target units of hazardous chemicals are refined from carriers to hazardous chemical units, improving the accuracy of information-based safety management of hazardous chemicals. Connect to the hazardous chemicals supervision system of "Two Key Points and One Major" (key supervised hazardous chemical processes, key supervised hazardous chemicals, and major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals), incorporate the main hazardous chemical production enterprises, storage enterprises, transportation enterprises, and use enterprises involved into the blockchain platform. Based on the real-time data and early warnings of hazardous chemical storage facilities and production devices of enterprises, flammable and toxic gas data and early warnings, safety parameter monitoring and early warnings of key hazardous chemical processes, monitoring videos, etc., and the hazardous chemical information and real-time status data of transportation carriers, master the source and destination data of hazardous chemicals in each link. According to the national standard "Identification of Major Hazard Sources of Hazardous Chemicals" (GB18218-2018), combined with the determined major hazard source monitoring objects, screen out new major hazard sources for quasi-real-time monitoring and tracking. Credible data improves the monitoring accuracy rate and strongly supports the regulatory authorities to detect and handle problems such as illegal production, illegal transportation, and illegal storage at an early stage.

[0090] Hazardous Chemicals Big Data Analysis and Early Warning System; the platform is based on the full-process credible shared data in the links of production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal of hazardous chemicals. Using big data analysis technology and applying risk identification algorithms, it predicts and warns of potential risks, greatly improving the ability to detect safety hazards, enabling potential risks and hazards to be detected, prevented, and treated in a timely and effective manner. Based on the analysis of credible data, the big data platform finds out the specific laws of hazardous chemical accidents, helps prevent accidents caused by potential reasons, and eliminates risk hazards to prevent the occurrence of hazardous chemical accidents from the source.

[0091] Hazardous Chemical Emergency Linkage and Collaboration System; Based on the full-process data sharing of hazardous chemicals, the Hazardous Chemical Emergency Linkage and Collaboration System supports the pre-configuration of early warning, alarm levels, and response measures for different business scenarios. When an emergency warning or accident occurs, according to the corresponding collaboration rules, relevant departments such as emergency management, public security fire protection, transportation, medical and health, and ecological environment can obtain the action measures they need to take and accurate information such as relevant hazardous chemical parameters, locations, layouts, internal and external emergency rescue facilities and personnel in a timely manner, providing strong technical support for the implementation of emergency plans, emergency command and dispatch, and the allocation of emergency resources. At the same time, the system can send accident or warning notifications to relevant individuals through terminals such as mobile phone APPs, and inform them of action guides such as personal protection, first aid measures, fire protection measures, and leakage emergency handling.

[0092] Hazardous Chemical Industry Entity Credit Evaluation System; The industry entity credit evaluation system is based on the data uploaded to the blockchain at each link of hazardous chemicals, establishes a credit rating evaluation model for hazardous chemical enterprises and key personnel, encourages positive behaviors and professional qualities, generates credible rating evaluation indicators, uses the credit score as an important evaluation and reward indicator for relevant personnel, mobilizes the enthusiasm of all participants in the full process of hazardous chemicals, promotes the construction of a bottom-up proactive supervision mechanism, provides important support for improving the quality and efficiency of hazardous chemical supervision, and thus deeply reduces the probability of various accidents. The industry entities to be evaluated include enterprises at all links and enterprise production and management personnel, inspectors, warehouse keepers, transportation personnel, experts, and law enforcement officers, etc., and relevant government staff such as those engaged in administrative approval can also be included.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 shows an exemplary system architecture to which the method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0094] As Figure 4 shown, the system architecture may include terminal devices 401, 402, 403, a network 406, and a server 405. The network 406 is used to provide a medium for communication links between the terminal devices 401, 402, 403 and the server 405. The network 406 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, etc.

[0095] The terminal devices 401, 402, 403 can interact with the server 405 through the network 406 to receive or send messages, etc. Various client applications can be installed on the terminal devices 401, 402, 403, such as web browser applications, search applications, and news and information applications. The client applications on the terminal devices 401, 402, 403 can receive user instructions and complete corresponding functions according to the user instructions, such as adding corresponding information to the information according to the user instructions.

[0096] The terminal devices 401, 402, and 403 can be hardware or software. When the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403 are hardware, they can be various electronic devices with a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, MP3 players (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), MP4 (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV) players, laptop computers, desktop computers, and so on. When the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403 are software, they can be installed in the above-listed electronic devices. It can be implemented as multiple software or software modules (such as software or software modules for providing distributed services), or can be implemented as a single software or software module. No specific limitation is made here.

[0097] The server 405 can be a server that provides various services. For example, it receives the information acquisition requests sent by the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403, obtains the display information corresponding to the information acquisition requests in various ways according to the information acquisition requests, and sends the relevant data of the display information to the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403.

[0098] It should be noted that the method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed by the terminal device. Correspondingly, the device for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain can be set in the terminal devices 401, 402, and 403. In addition, the method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be executed by the server 405. Correspondingly, the device for sharing and supervising hazardous chemical data based on the consortium blockchain can be set in the server 405.

[0099] It should be understood that Figure 4 the numbers of the terminal devices, the network, and the server in

[0100] are merely illustrative. According to the implementation requirements, there can be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers.

[0100] Next, referring to Figure 5 , which shows an electronic device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure (such as Figure 4The structural schematic diagram of a terminal device or a server in it). The terminal device in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptop computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Tablet Computers), PMPs (Portable Multimedia Players), in-vehicle terminals (such as in-vehicle navigation terminals), etc., and fixed terminals such as digital TVs, desktop computers, etc. Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0101] As Figure 5 shown, the electronic device may include a processing device (such as a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 501, which may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 502 or the program loaded from the storage device 508 into the random access memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 500 are also stored. The processing device 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other through a bus 504. The input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0102] Generally, the following devices may be connected to the I / O interface 505: an input device 506 including, for example, a touch screen, a touchpad, a keyboard, a mouse, a camera, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; an output device 507 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; a storage device 508 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 509. The communication device 509 may allow the electronic device to communicate with other devices wirelessly or wiredly to exchange data. Although Figure 5 the electronic device with various devices is shown, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the shown devices. More or fewer devices may be implemented or had alternatively.

[0103] Particularly, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the process described above with reference to the flowchart may be implemented as a computer software program. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program codes for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication device 509, or installed from the storage device 508, or installed from the ROM 502. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 501, the above-mentioned functions defined in the method of the embodiments of the present disclosure are executed.

[0104] It should be noted that the above-mentioned computer-readable medium in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present disclosure, the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, in which computer-readable program code is carried. Such a propagated data signal may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable signal medium can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted by any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0105] In some embodiments, the client and the server can communicate using any currently known or future-developed network protocol such as HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and can be interconnected with digital data communication in any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include local area networks ("LANs"), wide area networks ("WANs"), the Internet (e.g., the Internet), and end-to-end networks (e.g., ad hoc end-to-end networks), as well as any currently known or future-developed networks.

[0106] The above-mentioned computer-readable medium may be included in the above-mentioned electronic device; or it may exist separately and not be assembled into the electronic device.

[0107] The above computer-readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the following steps for uploading data to the blockchain: The step of uploading data to the blockchain includes: entities in each link of the life cycle of hazardous chemicals collect data of the corresponding link through Internet of Things devices and store the data in the management system of the entity; using the management system of the entity and the interfaces provided by the regulatory party, submit the regulatory data in the data of the corresponding link to the corresponding consortium blockchain node of the regulatory party; the regulatory party reviews the received regulatory data, and if the review is passed, the data is written into the blockchain ledger; based on the received regulatory data of each link, generate the life cycle data of the hazardous chemicals; based on the life cycle data, conduct full life cycle monitoring of the hazardous chemicals; wherein, the Internet of Things devices are integrated with blockchain chips, and the blockchain chips are bound to the Internet of Things devices one by one for monitoring the authenticity of the original data before it is uploaded to the blockchain.

[0108] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages or combinations thereof. The programming languages include, but are not limited to, object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also include conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0109] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, may be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or may be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0110] The units involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in software or in hardware. Among them, the name of a unit does not constitute a limitation on the unit itself in some cases. For example, the selection unit can also be described as "the unit for selecting the first type of pixel".

[0111] The functions described above in this article can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, the exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used include: Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Application Specific Standard Product (ASSP), System on Chip (SOC), Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), and so on.

[0112] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM or Flash Memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0113] The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and the explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the disclosure involved in the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above disclosure concept. For example, the technical solutions formed by mutually replacing the above features with the (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0114] Moreover, although the operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be construed as requiring that the operations be performed in the particular order shown or in a sequential order. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented separately or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0115] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are merely example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for sharing and supervising hazardous chemicals data based on alliance blockchain, characterized in that: The method comprises: Data uploading step, where the data uploading step includes: entities in each link of the hazardous chemicals life cycle collect corresponding link data through IoT devices and store them in the entity's management system; using the entity's management system and the interface provided by the regulator, submit the regulatory data in the corresponding link data to the alliance blockchain node corresponding to the regulator; the regulator reviews the received regulatory data, and writes it into the blockchain account book if the review is passed; Generate life cycle data of hazardous chemicals based on the regulatory data received from each link; Based on the life cycle data, the hazardous chemicals are monitored throughout their life cycle; Wherein, the IoT device is integrated with a blockchain chip, wherein the blockchain chip is bound to the IoT device one by one to monitor the authenticity of the original data before it is uploaded to the chain; The life cycle of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: production, storage, transportation, operation, use, and waste disposal; Among them, the supervisory party includes at least one of the following departments: emergency management, public security, quality inspection, environmental protection, transportation, and industrial and commercial administration.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the regulatory data received from each link, the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals is generated, including: Obtain the traceability code corresponding to the hazardous chemicals, wherein the traceability code is a unique identification label in the traceability process; Based on the traceability code, a traceability chain of the life cycle of hazardous chemicals is generated; Based on the traceability chain, the regulator traces and obtains the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the life cycle data, the hazardous chemicals are monitored throughout their life cycle, including: Screen out target hazardous sources from hazardous chemicals based on preset screening rules and in combination with identified hazardous source monitoring objects; Based on the entities and traceability chains involved in each link of the life cycle of the target hazardous source, real-time life cycle data is obtained; among which, real-time life cycle data includes one or more of the following: production records, raw material sources, production processes, quality inspection reports of production entities, transportation routes, transportation times, and transportation conditions during transportation, storage locations, storage times, and storage environments of storage entities, sales records and customer information of operating entities, purpose of use, usage volume, and post-use treatment methods of use entities, and disposal methods, disposal times, and post-disposal environmental monitoring data of waste disposal entities; Based on the real-time life cycle data, status data, source data and destination data of each link of the target hazard source are generated.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the life cycle data, the hazardous chemicals are monitored throughout their life cycle, including: Based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals, risk identification algorithms are applied to predict and warn potential risks; Among them, the steps of generating the risk identification algorithm include: based on the accidents that have occurred and the data involved in the accidents that have occurred, applying the data analysis algorithm to generate regular information on accidents involving hazardous chemicals; and generating the risk identification algorithm based on the regular information.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the life cycle data, the hazardous chemicals are monitored throughout their life cycle, including: Based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals, pre-configure the warning level, alarm level and corresponding coordination rules of business scenarios; When an emergency warning or accident occurs, notify the relevant supervisory party according to the corresponding coordination rules, and send data information to the relevant supervisory party; send accident notifications or warning notifications to relevant individuals, and send individual action guidelines; The data information includes one or more of the following: action measures, relevant hazardous chemicals parameters, location, layout, internal and external emergency rescue facilities and personnel; Among them, individual action guidelines include one or more of the following: personal protection, first aid measures, fire fighting measures, and emergency treatment of leaks.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the hazardous chemicals life cycle data, a credit rating evaluation model for hazardous chemicals enterprise entities and personnel is established; based on the evaluation model, credit scores for enterprise entities and personnel are generated; wherein the personnel include one or more of the following: production personnel, management personnel, inspectors, warehouse managers, transportation personnel, law enforcement personnel; and / or The authority of regulators over data is controlled through smart contracts on the blockchain, data is shared based on point-to-point data transmission between nodes, and records of data exchanges between nodes are saved through the blockchain.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The production data of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: product production batch number, product traceability code, production information, product features, and product images; among which, product image files are stored in the form of image features; The transportation data of hazardous chemicals includes one or more of the following: the location, speed, and status information of the transport carrier collected in real time by the on-board Beidou navigation or GPS sensor equipment during the transportation of hazardous chemicals; The usage data of hazardous chemicals include one or more of the following: During the use of hazardous chemicals, the entity using the hazardous chemicals collects the operating parameters and usage environment information of the equipment in real time through equipment monitoring instruments.

8. A hazardous chemicals data sharing and supervision system based on alliance blockchain, characterized in that: The system comprises: The infrastructure layer includes: data sensing devices, transmission networks, and blockchain platforms; Shared exchange layer, including: data exchange platform and multiple databases; The supervision application layer includes: a variety of supervision systems, where the supervision system is used to implement corresponding types of supervision based on the life cycle data of hazardous chemicals; The data perception layer includes one or more of the following: RFID, equipment monitoring instruments, vehicle navigation sensor facilities and trusted devices with blockchain chips. The collected data is stored on the blockchain platform in a trusted manner, and multiple backups of data and data immutability are achieved through mutual consensus between blockchain platform nodes. Among them, the various regulatory systems include one or more of the following: life cycle traceability system, real-time safety monitoring system, risk analysis and early warning system, emergency information sharing and collaboration system, and industry entity credit rating and evaluation system.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The blockchain platform has a high-performance smart contract engine, which allows different smart contract execution engines to be connected and implements verification signature algorithms based on GPU or FPGA acceleration; The blockchain platform actively obtains information about blocks and blocks being consensus so that the storage of its own nodes is consistent with the latest storage status in the system as soon as possible; Support dynamic node addition and deletion to control the admission and exit of alliance members; The blockchain platform uses a visual monitoring platform to implement node monitoring, block monitoring, node configuration, contract management, transaction data viewing, business data visualization, and receive alarm trigger conditions; Visualize contract data and import it into a relational database for analysis or auditing; Business isolation is performed through namespaces; roles and users who access data are restricted through smart contracts and access control policies.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The data exchange platform records the fingerprint information of shared data and the access records of shared data on the blockchain; The data exchange platform uses the MerkleDAG format to store data in a unified manner. A data exchange platform, addressed by the root hash of the MerkleDAG of a file; The data exchange platform is connected into a multi-center point-to-point network through a distributed hash table. Data sharing between nodes of the data exchange platform is controlled by permissions through smart contracts on the blockchain, and point-to-point data is transmitted between nodes off the chain.

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