Circularly polarized laminated resonant antenna

Abstract

A circularly polarized laminated resonant antenna provided by the present invention comprises a feed layer, a middle metal layer, a radiation layer and a top metal layer, the feed layer is internally provided with a substrate integrated waveguide structure, energy is fed in from a side edge and is coupled to the radiation layer through a slot of the middle metal layer, the radiation layer is internally provided with a cylindrical resonant cavity, and the cylindrical resonant cavity is coupled to the substrate integrated waveguide structure. A circular metal via hole array is arranged around the cylindrical resonant cavity, a periodic metal diaphragm is arranged in the cylindrical resonant cavity and is used for reducing the resonant frequency of the cylindrical resonant cavity, and the top metal layer is provided with a circular opening, is internally provided with a metal patch and is used for generating circular polarization radiation. The periodic metal diaphragm is introduced into the laminated resonant antenna, so that the size of the laminated resonant antenna is remarkably reduced, meanwhile, efficient circularly polarized wave radiation is realized, the laminated resonant antenna is particularly suitable for a wireless communication system sensitive to the size, and a compact and high-performance antenna solution is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and specifically, to a circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna. Background Art

[0002] In a wireless communication system, as a core component, an antenna is responsible for the transmission and reception of radio waves. Due to its high gain and stable radiation performance, the stacked resonant antenna has become an excellent packaged antenna solution, suitable for various application scenarios such as broadband, high gain, and circular polarization. In recent years, this type of antenna has been widely studied and applied in multiple fields. In addition, a circularly polarized antenna has the ability to receive electromagnetic waves of any polarization, so it has important application value in key fields such as satellite communication and radar detection. However, in compact devices, higher requirements are put forward for the miniaturization of the antenna. Although the stacked resonant antenna has excellent performance, its relatively large volume limits its application in miniaturized systems. How to design a circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna with both high performance and miniaturization has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0003] The key to achieving circularly polarized radiation lies in generating two orthogonal electromagnetic field components with a phase difference of 90 degrees. Although the multi-mode characteristics of the stacked resonant antenna make it easy to meet this requirement, in order to adapt to the strict size limitations of compact systems, new miniaturization design strategies still need to be explored. The present invention proposes an innovative design scheme. By introducing specific structures and technical means, the volume of the antenna is significantly reduced while maintaining its excellent circularly polarized radiation performance, providing an ideal antenna choice for compact wireless communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna. By introducing periodic metal diaphragms inside the stacked resonant antenna, the volume of the stacked resonant antenna is significantly reduced, and at the same time, efficient circularly polarized wave radiation is achieved. It is particularly suitable for size-sensitive wireless communication systems and provides a compact and high-performance antenna solution.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna includes a feeding layer, an intermediate metal layer, a radiation layer, and a top metal layer. A substrate integrated waveguide structure is provided in the feeding layer, and energy is fed in from the side and coupled to the radiation layer through the gap of the intermediate metal layer. A cylindrical resonant cavity is provided in the radiation layer, surrounded by a circular metal via array, and periodic metal diaphragms are arranged inside to reduce the resonant frequency of the cylindrical resonant cavity. The top metal layer is provided with a circular opening and internally provided with a metal patch for generating circularly polarized radiation.

[0007] Preferably, the side of the substrate integrated waveguide structure is a periodic metal via, and TE waves propagate inside it. 10 waves.

[0008] Preferably, the radiation layer is composed of multiple layers of dielectrics, and the number of dielectric layers is determined according to the actual height requirement of the antenna.

[0009] Preferably, the cylindrical resonator operates in the TE 111 mode and simultaneously excites two orthogonal field modes.

[0010] Preferably, the periodic metal diaphragm is circular, and the sizes of the metal diaphragms are the same and symmetrically distributed inside the cylindrical resonator.

[0011] Preferably, the circular opening is located directly above the cylindrical resonator.

[0012] Preferably, the metal patch is a cross-shaped metal patch, which is located at the center of the circular opening of the top metal layer, is coupled to the cylindrical resonator, and generates circularly polarized radiation by rotating a specific angle.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. By introducing a periodic metal diaphragm into the circularly polarized stacked resonator antenna, the present invention effectively reduces the resonance frequencies of the two orthogonal modes, significantly reduces the volume of the stacked resonator antenna, successfully realizes the miniaturization of the antenna, is particularly suitable for size-sensitive wireless communication systems, and provides a compact and high-performance antenna solution;

[0015] 2. By loading a cross-shaped metal patch, the antenna of the present invention can realize circularly polarized radiation;

[0016] 3. The antenna structure proposed by the present invention is compact and compatible with the existing multilayer board processing technology, suitable for large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] By reading the following detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the circularly polarized stacked resonator antenna of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a graph of the return loss of the circularly polarized stacked resonator antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a graph of the gain of the circularly polarized stacked resonator antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4This is the axial ratio curve graph of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the radiation pattern of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna of the present invention in the xoz plane;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the radiation pattern of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna of the present invention in the yoz plane. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Specifically, the present invention provides a circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna, as Figure 1 shown. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna includes a feeding layer 1, an intermediate metal layer 2, a radiation layer 3 and a top metal layer 5. A substrate integrated waveguide structure 7 is provided in the feeding layer 1, and energy is fed in from the side and coupled to the radiation layer 3 through a slot 8 in the intermediate metal layer 2. A cylindrical resonant cavity 4 is provided in the radiation layer 3, surrounded by a circular metal via array 10, and four groups of periodic metal diaphragms 9 are loaded inside, which can effectively reduce the resonant frequency of the cylindrical resonant cavity 4. A circular opening 6 is provided on the top metal layer 5, and a cross-shaped metal patch 11 is built in, which is used to generate circularly polarized radiation.

[0026] The side of the substrate integrated waveguide structure 7 is a periodic metal via, and the pitch of the vias should be less than one-quarter of the dielectric wavelength, and TE 10 waves propagate inside.

[0027] The radiation layer 3 is composed of multiple layers of dielectrics, and the number of dielectric layers is determined according to the actual height requirement of the antenna.

[0028] The cylindrical resonant cavity 4 operates in the TE 111 mode and simultaneously excites two orthogonal field modes, and the resonant frequencies of these two modes are the same.

[0029] The periodic metal diaphragms 9 are in a circular ring shape, and the sizes of the diaphragms are the same and symmetrically distributed inside the cylindrical resonant cavity 4. The size of the diaphragms is determined according to the miniaturization ratio required by the antenna.

[0030] The circular opening 6 is located directly above the cylindrical resonant cavity 4, and their corresponding sizes are the same. The cross-shaped metal patch 11 is located at the center of the circular opening 6, coupled to the cylindrical resonant cavity 4, and generates circularly polarized radiation by rotating a specific angle, and this angle is determined according to actual requirements.

[0031] Taking a specific circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna as shown in Figure 1 the following as an example, this embodiment specifically provides a design scheme for a circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna with an operating frequency of 60 GHz. The overall structure is realized by using the low-temperature co-fired ceramic process, and the geometric size is 5 mm × 5 mm × 0.864 mm. The dielectric constant of the dielectric material is 5.9, and the loss tangent is 0.002. It consists of nine dielectric layers in total, and the thickness of each layer is 0.096 mm. Among them, the feeding layer 1 consists of five dielectric layers, and the radiation layer 3 consists of four dielectric layers.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the width of the substrate integrated waveguide structure 7 is 1.8 mm, the diameter of the vias it contains is 0.1 mm, and the pitch is 0.25 mm. The size of the slot 8 is 0.85 mm × 0.3 mm. The diameter of the cylindrical resonator 4 is 2.4 mm, and the opening angle corresponding to each of the internal periodic metal diaphragms 9 is 40°, and the width is 0.32 mm. The lengths of the two strips of the cross-shaped metal patch 11 are 0.7 mm and 0.9 mm respectively, the width is 0.25 mm, and the rotation angle is 20°. Figure 2 is the echo loss curve graph of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna. In the frequency band range of 58 GHz to 66.9 GHz, the echo loss of the antenna is less than -10 dB. Figure 3 is the gain curve graph of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna. The gain of the antenna is greater than 6.2 dBi in the frequency band of 58 GHz to 62 GHz. Figure 4 is the axial ratio curve graph of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna. The axial ratio of the antenna is less than 3 dB in the frequency band of 59.2 GHz to 60.8 GHz. Figure 5 is the radiation pattern in the xoz plane of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna, and the 3 dB main lobe beamwidth is 82°. Figure 6 is the radiation pattern in the yoz plane of the circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna, and the 3 dB main lobe beamwidth is 86°.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna, characterized in that: It includes a feeding layer, an intermediate metal layer, a radiation layer and a top metal layer. The feeding layer is provided with a substrate integrated waveguide structure. Energy is fed from the side and coupled to the radiation layer through the gap of the intermediate metal layer. The radiation layer is provided with a cylindrical resonant cavity surrounded by a circular metal via array and a periodic metal diaphragm is arranged inside to reduce the resonant frequency of the cylindrical resonant cavity. The top metal layer is provided with a circular opening and a metal patch is built in to generate circularly polarized radiation.

2. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the substrate integrated waveguide structure is a periodic metal via, and the TE propagation inside it 10 Wave.

3. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation layer is composed of multiple layers of dielectrics, and the number of dielectric layers is determined according to the actual height requirement of the antenna.

4. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical resonant cavity operates at TE 111 mode and excites two orthogonal field modes simultaneously.

5. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periodic metal diaphragms are in the shape of a circular ring, and the metal diaphragms are of the same size and are symmetrically distributed inside the cylindrical resonant cavity.

6. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular opening is located directly above the cylindrical resonant cavity.

7. The circularly polarized stacked resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal patch is a cross-shaped metal patch, which is located at the center of the circular opening of the top metal layer, coupled with the cylindrical resonant cavity, and generates circularly polarized radiation by rotating at a specific angle.

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