Protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet and protection method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution cabinets, and particularly discloses a protection type high-voltage power distribution cabinet and a protection method thereof.The protection type high-voltage power distribution cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a mounting rack and an electrical element, a controller and a temperature sensor electrically connected with the controller are arranged in the cabinet body, and a separation mechanism used for separating the electrical element from the mounting rack is arranged in the cabinet body; the cabinet body is also internally provided with a cooling and fire extinguishing assembly used for cooling and extinguishing abnormal electrical elements. The separating mechanism comprises a heat conducting plate arranged on the side, close to the mounting frame, of the electrical element, a heat insulation plate fixedly connected to the mounting frame, a breaking assembly and an ejection assembly, the breaking assembly is used for cutting off a wire on the electrical element, and the ejection assembly is used for separating the electrical element from the heat insulation plate. According to the invention, the abnormal electrical element is separated from the mounting rack through the separation mechanism, so that the abnormal electrical element is directly sprayed by the fire extinguishing substance and is also located in the fire extinguishing substance scattered at the bottom in the cabinet body, and the fire extinguishing effect of the electrical element is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power distribution cabinets, and in particular to a protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet and a protection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A power distribution cabinet is a device used to distribute, control and protect electricity, and is widely used in industrial, commercial and residential buildings. A power distribution cabinet usually contains electrical components such as circuit breakers, fuses, contactors, relays, etc. to manage the distribution of electricity and the protection of circuits.

[0003] High-voltage distribution cabinets are usually equipped with protection devices, such as overload protection devices, which automatically cut off the power when the current is overloaded; temperature monitoring devices, which monitor the temperature fluctuations inside the cabinet; leakage protection devices, which prevent fires caused by leakage. However, conventional protection devices cannot cool down or extinguish electrical components that have already generated high temperatures or even caught fire. Therefore, some distribution cabinets are also equipped with automatic fire extinguishers to spray fire extinguishing substances on abnormal power electronic components that are high in temperature or on fire.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: although the automatic fire extinguisher can spray fire extinguishing substances on abnormal electrical components more accurately, since the electrical components have a more complex structure and are located in the air, it is difficult for the fire extinguishing substances to effectively cool down the abnormal electrical components. Since the electrical components in the same row are close to each other, the burning electrical components can easily spread the fire to the normal electrical components adjacent to them, making the fire more difficult to control and further increasing the losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problem that fire of electrical components is easy to spread and the fire extinguishing effect is poor, the present application provides a protective high-voltage distribution cabinet and a method of using the same.

[0006] The present application provides a protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet and a method of using the same, which adopts the following technical solutions: A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet, comprising a cabinet, a mounting frame and electrical components, characterized in that: a controller and a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller are arranged in the cabinet, a separation mechanism for separating the electrical components from the mounting frame is arranged in the cabinet, and a cooling and fire extinguishing assembly for cooling and extinguishing abnormal electrical components is also arranged in the cabinet; The separation mechanism includes a heat conducting plate arranged on the side of the electrical component close to the mounting frame, a heat insulating plate fixed to the mounting frame, a breaking assembly and an ejection assembly, wherein the breaking assembly is used to cut off the wires on the electrical component, and the ejection assembly is used to separate the electrical component from the heat insulating plate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the temperature sensor detects that a certain electrical component has an abnormally high temperature phenomenon, the controller controls the cooling and fire-extinguishing component to cool down and extinguish the abnormal electrical component. When the temperature of the abnormal electrical component still rises, the heat conduction plate transfers the temperature of the abnormal electrical component to the breaking component, and then the breaking component cuts off the wire of the abnormal electrical component. After the wire is cut off, the ejection component ejects the abnormal electrical component, so that the abnormal electrical component is separated from the insulation board and falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet. Then the controller controls the fire-extinguishing component to spray fire-extinguishing substances at the electrical component that falls on the bottom of the cabinet. At this time, it is difficult for the abnormal electrical component to spread the high temperature and fire to other electrical components. In addition to being directly sprayed with the fire-extinguishing substances, the abnormal electrical components at this time are also in the fire-extinguishing substances scattered at the bottom of the cabinet, further improving the fire-extinguishing effect on the electrical components.

[0008] Optionally, the breaking component includes a heat-conducting shell having a cavity and being sleeved on the wire, a potassium permanganate layer, a diaphragm and a glycerol layer arranged in the heat-conducting shell, the heat-conducting shell is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate, the diaphragm separates the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerol layer, and the diaphragm is easily broken when exposed to high temperature.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the electrical component generates high temperature, the heat conducting plate transfers the temperature on the electrical component to the heat conducting shell. After the heat conducting shell is heated, the diaphragm inside the heat conducting shell shrinks and ruptures, so that the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerin layer contact each other. Since the temperature of the heat conducting shell is high, the reaction speed of the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerin layer is accelerated, so that the potassium permanganate and the glycerin react violently in a very short time and release a large amount of heat. The high heat after the reaction is transferred to the wire through the heat conducting shell, so that the wire is melted, thereby completing the cutting operation of the wire on the electrical component.

[0010] Optionally, the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell is provided with air holes, the cavity wall of the heat-conducting shell is also provided with a diaphragm, the glycerin layer is close to the inner layer of the heat-conducting shell, and the potassium permanganate layer is close to the outer layer of the heat-conducting shell.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction after the potassium permanganate layer contacts the glycerol layer will also produce more gas. The air holes facilitate the gas to be discharged from the heat-conducting shell to avoid other dangerous situations. The potassium permanganate layer is on the side close to the air holes, which also makes it easier for the gas to flow into the air holes from the internal gaps of the potassium permanganate layer. Under normal circumstances, the diaphragm isolates the potassium permanganate from contact with the outside world to prevent the potassium permanganate from being reduced.

[0012] Optionally, the breaking assembly further comprises a cutter and an expansion block disposed in the heat-conducting shell, wherein there are two cutters which are arranged vertically on both sides of the wire, and the expansion block is located at one end of the cutter close to the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerol layer react to release heat, the expansion block expands due to the heat, and the extrusion cutter moves toward the direction close to the wire. The wire in a molten or softened state at high temperature is also easier to be cut by the cutter, avoiding the phenomenon that the wire cannot be completely melted by relying solely on high temperature.

[0014] Optionally, the ejection assembly includes a heat-conducting tube fixedly connected to one end of the heat-conducting plate near the heat-conducting plate, a bursting bottle arranged in the heat-conducting tube, and a heat-conducting piston fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate, the heat-conducting piston is inserted into the heat-conducting tube and is hot-melt welded to the heat-conducting tube, the bursting bottle contains a substance that expands when exposed to high temperature, and when the pressure in the bursting bottle is high, the bursting bottle breaks.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerol layer react to release a large amount of heat, part of the heat is transferred to the heat conducting plate through the heat conducting shell, and finally transferred to the heat conducting piston and the heat conducting pipe. Together with the part of the heat originally transferred from the electrical components, the bursting bottle is heated, the material in the bursting bottle tends to expand, and the pressure on the bursting bottle increases sharply until it exceeds the bearing range of the bursting bottle and breaks. At this time, the heat conducting piston is pushed away from the heat insulation board by the high pressure. In the whole process, since the breaking process of the wire is fast and the heat transfer takes time, the wire breaks first and then the heat conducting piston is ejected.

[0016] Optionally, the cooling and fire extinguishing assembly includes a fire extinguishing tank fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet and a wire-controlled nozzle arranged on the fire extinguishing tank, and the nozzle is electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, no matter the abnormal electrical component is fixed in the air or falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet, the temperature sensor can accurately locate the heat source and convert the position into an electrical signal to feed back to the controller. The controller controls the nozzle to aim at the heat source and spray out fire extinguishing substances with high accuracy.

[0018] Optionally, a thermistor is connected between the fire extinguisher tank and the nozzle, and a connection point between the fire extinguisher tank and the thermistor points to an inner bottom wall of the cabinet.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the wire-controlled sprinkler fails to open normally due to an accident such as a power outage, the temperature inside the cabinet continues to rise until the temperature inside the cabinet reaches the set value of the thermistor, the thermistor ruptures, and the sprinkler is separated from the fire extinguisher tank. At this time, the fire extinguisher tank sprays fire extinguishing substances to the bottom of the cabinet. Since the electrical components are separated by the separation mechanism and fall to the bottom of the cabinet, the high-temperature electrical components are sprayed with the fire extinguishing substances, and the fallen electrical components are also soaked in the fire extinguishing substances.

[0020] Optionally, the bottom wall of the cabinet body is inclined downward toward the cabinet door.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the electrical components are ejected to the bottom wall of the cabinet, they fall to the bottom of the inclined surface of the inner wall of the cabinet, and at the same time, the fire extinguishing material sprayed from the fire extinguisher tank also gathers at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the cabinet, further strengthening the cooling and fire extinguishing treatment of the electrical components.

[0022] A protection method for a power distribution cabinet comprises the following steps: S1. Abnormal monitoring inside the cabinet: The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of each electrical component in real time and feeds back the specific situation to the controller; S2, initial cooling of abnormal electrical components: after the temperature sensor senses the abnormally high temperature electrical components, the controller controls the nozzle to aim at the abnormal electrical components and spray out fire extinguishing substances; S3. Separation of abnormal electrical components: When the temperature of the electrical components is too high, the high temperature of the electrical components is transferred to the heat-conducting shell through the heat-conducting plate, causing the diaphragm to rupture, and then the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerin layer to contact and react with each other. A large amount of heat is released during the reaction to fuse the wire. At the same time, a large amount of heat is transferred from the heat-conducting plate to the heat-conducting pipe, causing the bursting bottle to burst due to heat and eject the heat-conducting piston, and finally the electrical components are ejected to the bottom wall of the cabinet; S4. Further cooling of abnormal electrical components: After the abnormal electrical components fall, the controller controls the nozzle to aim at the electrical components on the bottom wall of the cabinet and sprays out the fire extinguishing substance, so that the electrical components are not only sprayed with the fire extinguishing substance but also immersed in the fire extinguishing substance; S5. Fire extinguishing tank fire extinguishing insurance: When the high temperature inside the cabinet causes the nozzle to lose control, the thermistor breaks, and the fire extinguishing material in the fire extinguisher tank loses the restriction of the nozzle and sprays toward the bottom wall inside the body.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the temperature sensor detects that a certain electrical component has an abnormally high temperature, the controller controls the cooling and fire-extinguishing component to cool down and extinguish the abnormal electrical component. When the temperature of the abnormal electrical component still rises, the heat conduction plate transfers the temperature of the abnormal electrical component to the breaking component, and then the breaking component cuts off the wire of the abnormal electrical component. After the wire is cut off, the ejection component ejects the abnormal electrical component, so that the abnormal electrical component is separated from the heat insulation board and falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet. Then the controller controls the fire-extinguishing component to spray the fire-extinguishing substance at the electrical component that falls on the bottom of the cabinet. At this time, it is difficult for the abnormal electrical component to spread the high temperature and fire to other electrical components. In addition to being directly sprayed with the fire-extinguishing substance, the abnormal electrical component is also in the fire-extinguishing substance scattered at the bottom of the cabinet, further improving the fire-extinguishing effect on the electrical component. 2. During the reaction between the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerol layer to release a large amount of heat, the high temperature not only melts the wire but also expands the expansion block, which then pushes the cutter to cut the wire, thus avoiding the phenomenon that the wire cannot be completely melted by relying solely on high temperature; 3. After the potassium permanganate layer and the glycerol layer react to release a large amount of heat, part of the heat is transferred to the heat conducting plate through the heat conducting shell, and finally transferred to the heat conducting piston and the heat conducting tube. Together with the part of the heat originally transferred from the electrical components, the bursting bottle is heated, and the perfluorohexanone in the bursting bottle is vaporized and squeezes the bursting bottle. The pressure on the bursting bottle increases sharply until it exceeds the bearing range of the bursting bottle and breaks. At this time, the heat conducting piston is subjected to high pressure and is pushed away from the heat insulation board. In the whole process, since the wire breaks quickly and heat transfer takes time, the wire breaks first and then the heat conducting piston is ejected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application mainly used to show the mounting frame, electrical components, wires and separation mechanism; Figure 3 is along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA line; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged portion B.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. cabinet; 11. mounting frame; 12. electrical components; 13. wires; 21. controller; 22. temperature sensor; 3. separation mechanism; 31. heat conducting plate; 32. heat insulating plate; 33. breaking assembly; 331. heat conducting shell; 3311. air vent; 332. potassium permanganate layer; 333. diaphragm; 334. glycerin layer; 335. cutter; 336. expansion block; 34. ejection assembly; 341. heat conducting pipe; 342. bursting bottle; 343. heat conducting piston; 4. cooling and fire extinguishing assembly; 41. fire extinguishing tank; 42. nozzle; 5. thermistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] The present application embodiment discloses a protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet. Figure 1-Figure 4The protective high-voltage distribution cabinet includes a cabinet 1, a mounting frame 11 and an electrical component 12. A controller 21 and a temperature sensor 22 electrically connected to the controller 21 are fixedly connected to the mounting frame 11 in the cabinet 1. A separation mechanism 3 for separating the electrical component 12 from the mounting frame 11 is provided in the cabinet 1. A cooling and fire extinguishing component 4 for cooling and extinguishing abnormal electrical components 12 is also provided in the cabinet 1; the separation mechanism 3 includes a heat conducting plate 31 arranged on the side of the electrical component 12 close to the mounting frame 11, a heat insulation plate 32 fixedly connected to the mounting frame 11, a breaking component 33 and an ejection component 34. The breaking component 33 is used to cut off the wire 13 on the electrical component 12, and the ejection component 34 is used to separate the electrical component 12 from the heat insulation plate 32. In the present application, a smoke sensor electrically connected to the controller 21 is also fixedly connected in the cabinet 1.

[0029] When the temperature sensor 22 detects that a certain electrical component has an abnormally high temperature, the controller 21 controls the cooling and fire-extinguishing component 4 to cool and extinguish the abnormal electrical component 12. When the temperature of the abnormal electrical component 12 still rises, the heat conducting plate 31 transfers the temperature of the abnormal electrical component 12 to the breaking component 33, and then the breaking component 33 cuts off the wire 13 of the abnormal electrical component 12. After the wire 13 is cut off, the ejection component 34 ejects the abnormal electrical component 12, so that the abnormal electrical component 12 is separated from the heat insulation plate 32 and falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet 1. Then the controller 21 controls the fire-extinguishing component to spray the fire-extinguishing substance at the electrical component 12 that falls on the bottom of the cabinet 1. At this time, it is difficult for the abnormal electrical component 12 to spread the high temperature and fire to other electrical components 12. At this time, in addition to being directly sprayed with the fire-extinguishing substance, the abnormal electrical component 12 is also in the fire-extinguishing substance scattered on the bottom of the cabinet 1, further improving the fire-extinguishing effect on the electrical component 12.

[0030] Reference Figure 4 The rupture assembly 33 includes a heat-conducting shell 331 with a cavity and sleeved on the wire 13, a potassium permanganate layer 332, a diaphragm 333 and a glycerol layer 334 arranged in the heat-conducting shell 331, the heat-conducting shell 331 is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate 31, the diaphragm 333 separates the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334, and the diaphragm 333 is easy to break when exposed to high temperature. The heat-conducting shell 331 can be a tungsten shell with high melting point, high strength and high thermal conductivity, and the diaphragm 333 can be a plastic The outer wall of the heat-conducting shell 331 is provided with air holes 3311, and the cavity wall of the heat-conducting shell 331 is also provided with a diaphragm 333. The glycerol layer 334 is close to the inner layer of the heat-conducting shell 331, and the potassium permanganate layer 332 is close to the outer layer of the heat-conducting shell 331. The dosage of the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 is moderate, that is, the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 can fuse the wire 13 after the reaction, but the reaction time will not be too long and too much additional heat will not be generated.

[0031] When the electrical component 12 generates high temperature, the heat conducting plate 31 transfers the temperature of the electrical component 12 to the heat conducting shell 331. After the heat conducting shell 331 is heated, the diaphragm 333 in the heat conducting shell 331 shrinks and ruptures, so that the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 contact each other. Since the temperature of the heat conducting shell 331 is relatively high, the reaction speed of the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 is accelerated, so that the potassium permanganate and the glycerol react violently in a very short time and release a large amount of heat. At the same time, the reacting gas is ejected from the air vent 3311, and the high heat after the reaction is transferred to the wire 13 through the heat conducting shell 331, so that the wire 13 is melted, thereby completing the cutting operation of the wire 13 on the electrical component 12.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 The fracture assembly 33 also includes a cutter 335 and an expansion block 336 arranged in the heat-conducting shell 331. There are two cutters 335, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the wire 13. The expansion block 336 is located at one end of the cutter 335 close to the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell 331. The cutter 335 can be a high heat-resistant material such as an alumina cutter 335 and a silicon carbide cutter 335. The expansion block 336 can be aluminum silicate ceramics, expanded graphite, etc. In this application, the cutter 335 is a silicon carbide cutter 335, and the expansion block 336 is aluminum silicate ceramics.

[0033] When the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 react and release heat, the expansion block 336 expands due to the heat, and the expansion block 336 squeezes the cutter 335 to move toward the direction close to the wire 13. The wire 13 in a molten or softened state at high temperature is also easier to be cut by the cutter 335, avoiding the phenomenon that the wire 13 cannot be completely melted by relying solely on high temperature.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The ejection assembly 34 includes a heat-conducting pipe 341 fixedly connected to one end of the heat-insulating plate 32 near the heat-conducting plate 31, a bursting bottle 342 arranged in the heat-conducting pipe 341, and a heat-conducting piston 343 fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate 31. The heat-conducting piston 343 is inserted into the heat-conducting pipe 341 and is welded to the heat-conducting pipe 341 by hot melt. The bursting bottle 342 contains a substance that expands when exposed to high temperature, and when the pressure in the bursting bottle 342 is large, the bursting bottle 342 breaks. The substance in the bursting bottle 342 can be a gas that is relatively stable at high temperature, such as carbon dioxide, or a substance that is easily vaporized when exposed to heat, such as perfluorohexanone. The bursting bottle 342 can be made of fragile materials such as hard plastic or glass. In the application itself, the bursting bottle 342 is hard plastic and the substance in the bursting bottle 342 is perfluorohexanone.

[0035] After the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 react to release a large amount of heat, part of the heat is transferred to the heat conducting plate 31 through the heat conducting shell 331, and finally transferred to the heat conducting piston 343 and the heat conducting pipe 341. Together with the part of the heat originally transferred from the electrical component 12, the bursting bottle 342 is heated, and the perfluorohexanone in the bursting bottle 342 is vaporized and squeezes the bursting bottle 342. The pressure on the bursting bottle 342 increases sharply until it exceeds the bearing range of the bursting bottle 342 and breaks. At this time, the heat conducting piston 343 is subjected to high pressure and is pushed away from the heat insulation plate 32. In the whole process, since the breaking process of the wire 13 is relatively fast and the heat transfer takes time, the wire 13 breaks first, and then the heat conducting piston 343 is ejected.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The cooling and fire extinguishing assembly 4 includes a fire extinguishing tank 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet 1 and a wire-controlled nozzle 42 arranged on the fire extinguishing tank 41. The nozzle 42 is electrically connected to the controller 21. A thermistor 5 is connected between the fire extinguishing tank 41 and the nozzle 42, and the connection between the fire extinguishing tank 41 and the thermistor 5 points to the inner bottom wall of the cabinet 1. The inner bottom wall of the cabinet 1 is inclined downward toward the cabinet door. The fire extinguishing tank 41 contains perfluorohexanone. The thermistor 5 is a thermistor glass tube. In other feasible implementations, the fire extinguishing tank 41 can be a carbon dioxide tank, a dry powder tank, etc. The thermistor 5 can be a thermistor alloy tube.

[0037] No matter the abnormal electrical component 12 is fixed in the air or falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet 1, the temperature sensor 22 can accurately locate the heat source and convert the location into an electrical signal to feed back to the controller 21. The controller 21 controls the nozzle 42 to aim at the heat source and spray out the fire extinguishing substance with high accuracy. When the wire-controlled nozzle 42 fails to open normally due to an accident such as a power outage, the temperature in the cabinet 1 continues to rise until the temperature in the cabinet 1 reaches the set value of the thermistor 5. The thermistor 5 ruptures, and the nozzle 42 is separated from the fire extinguishing tank 41. At this time, the fire extinguishing tank 41 sprays the fire extinguishing substance to the bottom of the cabinet 1. Since the electrical component 12 falls to the low place at the bottom of the cabinet 1 after being separated by the separation mechanism 3, the high-temperature electrical component 12 is sprayed with the fire extinguishing substance. At the same time, the fallen electrical component 12 is still soaked in the remaining part of the unvaporized perfluorohexanone liquid.

[0038] The implementation principle of a protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the temperature sensor 22 detects that an electrical component has an abnormally high temperature phenomenon, the controller 21 controls the nozzle 42 to aim at the heat source and spray out the fire extinguishing substance. When the temperature of the abnormal electrical component 12 still rises, the heat conducting plate 31 transfers the temperature of the abnormal electrical component 12 to the heat conducting shell 331. After the heat conducting shell 331 is heated, the diaphragm 333 in the heat conducting shell 331 shrinks and breaks, so that the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 contact each other. Since the temperature of the heat conducting shell 331 is relatively high, the reaction speed of the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 is accelerated, so that the potassium permanganate and glycerol react violently in a very short time and release a large amount of heat. The expansion block 336 expands due to the heat, and the expansion block 336 squeezes the cutter 335 to move in the direction close to the wire 13. The wire 13 in a molten or softened state at high temperature is also more convenient to be cut by the cutter 335. After the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 react to release a large amount of heat, part of the heat is transferred to the heat conducting plate 31 through the heat conducting shell 331, and finally transferred to the heat conducting piston 343 and the heat conducting pipe 341. Together with the part of the heat originally transferred from the electrical component 12, the bursting bottle 342 is heated, and the perfluorohexanone in the bursting bottle 342 is gasified and squeezes the bursting bottle 342. The pressure on the bursting bottle 342 increases sharply until it exceeds the bearing range of the bursting bottle 342 and breaks. At this time, the heat conducting piston 343 is subjected to high pressure and is pushed away from the heat insulating plate 32. In the whole process, since the breaking process of the wire 13 is relatively fast and the heat transfer takes time, the wire 13 breaks first, and then the heat conducting piston 343 is ejected; When the electrical component 12 falls on the bottom wall of the cabinet 1, the controller 21 controls the nozzle 42 to continue to aim at the fallen electrical component 12. When the wire-controlled nozzle 42 fails to open normally due to an accident such as a power outage, the temperature in the cabinet 1 continues to rise until the temperature in the cabinet 1 reaches the set value of the thermistor 5. The thermistor 5 ruptures, and the nozzle 42 is separated from the fire extinguisher tank 41. At this time, the fire extinguisher tank 41 sprays fire extinguishing substances to the bottom of the cabinet 1. Since the electrical component 12 falls to the low place at the bottom of the cabinet 1 after being separated by the separation mechanism 3, the high-temperature electrical component 12 is sprayed with fire extinguishing substances. At the same time, the fallen electrical component 12 is still soaked in the remaining part of the unvaporized perfluorohexanone liquid.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] The present application embodiment discloses a protection method for a power distribution cabinet, referring to Figure 1-4 , the protection method of the distribution cabinet includes the following steps: S1, abnormality monitoring in the cabinet 1: the smoke sensor monitors the smoke condition in the cabinet 1 in real time, and the temperature sensor 22 monitors the temperature condition of each electrical component 12 in real time and feeds back the specific condition to the controller 21; S2, initial cooling of abnormal electrical component 12: after temperature sensor 22 senses abnormally high temperature electrical component 12, controller 21 controls nozzle 42 to aim at abnormal electrical component 12 and spray fire extinguishing material; S3, separation of abnormal electrical components 12: When the temperature of the electrical components is too high, the high temperature of the electrical components 12 is transferred to the heat-conducting shell 331 through the heat-conducting plate 31, so that the diaphragm 333 is broken, and then the potassium permanganate layer 332 and the glycerol layer 334 are in contact with each other and react, and a large amount of heat is released during the reaction to melt the wire 13. At the same time, a large amount of heat is transferred from the heat-conducting plate 31 to the heat-conducting pipe 341, and the bursting bottle 342 bursts after being heated, and then the heat-conducting piston 343 is ejected, and finally the electrical component 12 is ejected to the bottom wall of the cabinet 1; S4, the abnormal electrical component 12 is further cooled: after the abnormal electrical component 12 falls, the controller 21 controls the nozzle 42 to aim at the electrical component 12 on the inner bottom wall of the cabinet 1 and spray the fire extinguishing substance, so that the electrical component 12 is not only sprayed with the fire extinguishing substance but also immersed in the remaining fire extinguishing substance on the inner bottom wall of the cabinet 1; S5, fire extinguishing tank 41 fire extinguishing insurance: when the high temperature in the cabinet 1 causes the nozzle 42 to lose control, the thermistor 5 breaks, and the fire extinguishing material in the fire extinguishing tank 41 loses the restriction of the nozzle 42 and sprays toward the bottom wall of the cabinet.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet, comprising a cabinet body (1), a mounting frame (11) and electrical components (12), characterized in that: The cabinet (1) is provided with a controller (21) and a temperature sensor (22) electrically connected to the controller (21); the cabinet (1) is provided with a separation mechanism (3) for separating the electrical component (12) from the mounting frame (11); the cabinet (1) is also provided with a cooling and fire extinguishing assembly (4) for cooling and extinguishing an abnormal electrical component (12); The separation mechanism (3) comprises a heat conducting plate (31) arranged on a side of the electrical component (12) close to the mounting frame (11), a heat insulating plate (32) fixed to the mounting frame (11), a breaking assembly (33) and an ejection assembly (34); the breaking assembly (33) is used to cut off the wire (13) on the electrical component (12); and the ejection assembly (34) is used to separate the electrical component (12) from the heat insulating plate (32).

2. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breaking assembly (33) comprises a heat-conducting shell (331) having a cavity and being sleeved on the wire (13), a potassium permanganate layer (332) arranged in the heat-conducting shell (331), a diaphragm (333) and a glycerol layer (334), wherein the heat-conducting shell (331) is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate (31), the diaphragm (333) separates the potassium permanganate layer (332) and the glycerol layer (334), and the diaphragm (333) is easily broken when exposed to high temperature.

3. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat-conducting shell (331) is provided with a vent hole (3311), the cavity wall of the heat-conducting shell (331) is also provided with a diaphragm (333), the glycerol layer (334) is close to the inner layer of the heat-conducting shell (331), and the potassium permanganate layer (332) is close to the outer layer of the heat-conducting shell (331).

4. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The breaking assembly (33) further comprises a cutter (335) and an expansion block (336) arranged in the heat-conducting shell (331); there are two cutters (335) arranged vertically on both sides of the wire (13); and the expansion block (336) is located at one end of the cutter (335) close to the outer wall of the heat-conducting shell (331).

5. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejection assembly (34) comprises a heat conducting pipe (341) fixedly connected to one end of the heat insulating plate (32) close to the heat conducting plate (31), a bursting bottle (342) arranged in the heat conducting pipe (341), and a heat conducting piston (343) fixedly connected to the heat conducting plate (31); the heat conducting piston (343) is inserted into the heat conducting pipe (341) and is welded to the heat conducting pipe (341) by heat melting; the bursting bottle (342) contains a substance that expands when exposed to high temperature, and when the pressure in the bursting bottle (342) is relatively high, the bursting bottle (342) breaks.

6. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling and fire extinguishing assembly (4) comprises a fire extinguishing tank (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet (1) and a wire-controlled nozzle (42) arranged on the fire extinguishing ketone tank, wherein the nozzle (42) is electrically connected to the controller (21).

7. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: A thermal tube (5) is connected between the fire extinguishing tank (41) and the nozzle (42), and the connection between the fire extinguishing tank (41) and the thermal tube (5) points to the inner bottom wall of the cabinet (1).

8. A protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the cabinet body (1) is inclined downward in the direction of the cabinet door.

9. A protection method for a power distribution cabinet, according to a protective high-voltage power distribution cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, abnormality monitoring in the cabinet (1): the temperature sensor (22) monitors the temperature status of each electrical component (12) in real time and feeds back the specific situation to the controller (21); S2, initial cooling of abnormal electrical component (12): after the temperature sensor (22) senses the abnormally high temperature electrical component (12), the controller (21) controls the spray head (42) to aim at the abnormal electrical component (12) and spray the fire extinguishing substance; S3. Separation of abnormal electrical components (12): When the temperature of the electrical components is too high, the high temperature of the electrical components (12) is transferred to the heat-conducting shell (331) through the heat-conducting plate (31), causing the diaphragm (333) to rupture, thereby causing the potassium permanganate layer (332) and the glycerol layer (334) to contact and react with each other, and a large amount of heat is released during the reaction to melt the wire (13). At the same time, a large amount of heat is transferred from the heat-conducting plate (31) to the heat-conducting pipe (341), causing the bursting bottle (342) to burst due to the heat and eject the heat-conducting piston (343), and finally causing the electrical components (12) to be ejected to the inner bottom wall of the cabinet (1); S4, further cooling the abnormal electrical component (12): after the abnormal electrical component (12) falls, the controller (21) controls the spray head (42) to aim at the electrical component (12) on the inner bottom wall of the cabinet (1) and spray the fire extinguishing substance, so that the electrical component (12) is not only sprayed with the fire extinguishing substance but also immersed in the fire extinguishing substance; S5, fire extinguishing tank (41) fire extinguishing insurance: When the high temperature in the cabinet (1) causes the nozzle (42) to lose control, the thermistor (5) breaks, and the fire extinguishing material in the fire extinguishing tank (41) loses the restriction of the nozzle (42) and sprays toward the bottom wall of the cabinet.

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