Battery pack control device based on self-locking protection and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack control device based on self-locking protection and a using method thereof, the control device is connected with a battery pack composed of at least two batteries which are connected in parallel, and each battery in the battery pack forms a corresponding charging and discharging loop with a charger and a load respectively; comprising a state identification unit and a self-locking unit, and the state identification unit is arranged on the charging and discharging loop of the corresponding battery. The control switch replaces an isolation diode to control charging and discharging of the battery pack, the problems of energy utilization rate reduction and energy accumulation are avoided, meanwhile, in the running process, the running state of the battery is recognized, on-off of the control switch is further controlled through the self-locking unit, the risk of mutual charging is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. And safe operation of the battery pack under abnormal conditions such as mutual charging of the battery pack is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery pack control, and particularly to a battery pack control device based on self-locking protection and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional electronic devices or electric products often come with only one battery pack as standard. After its power is exhausted, it needs to be charged to restore its usability. As the number of charge-discharge cycles increases, the actual capacity of the battery will decrease, resulting in the situation that the battery is not durable. To address this, the continuous usage time of the device is often extended by using a spare battery pack. However, in the actual operation process, it is not possible to ensure the voltage consistency of the two battery packs installed together. Along with the use of the battery packs, it is easy to have a large voltage difference between the two. And since the internal resistance of the battery is in the milliohm level, a small voltage difference can generate a very large mutual charging current, posing a risk of battery overheating and damage, or even explosion and combustion, affecting the use safety. For multi-battery scenarios with mutual charging risks, the mutual charging phenomenon between two or more groups of batteries is often avoided by using diodes for mutual isolation. However, when the load current is large, the isolation diode will consume some energy due to heating, resulting in a reduction in energy utilization rate. In the face of inductive loads, it is also easy to cause energy accumulation due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, affecting the operation safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a battery pack control device based on self-locking protection and its usage method, which uses a control switch instead of an isolation diode to control the charging and discharging of the battery pack, avoiding the problems of reduced energy utilization rate and energy accumulation. At the same time, during the operation process, the operating state of the battery is identified, and further, the on-off of the control switch is controlled through a self-locking unit to avoid the mutual charging risk and ensure the operation safety of the battery pack under abnormal conditions such as mutual charging of the battery packs.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection is connected to a battery pack composed of at least two batteries connected in parallel. Each battery in the battery pack is respectively connected to a charger and a load to form corresponding charge and discharge circuits, including control switches arranged on each charge and discharge circuit in the battery pack and several control sub-modules equal in number to the batteries in the battery pack. Each control sub-module includes a state recognition unit and a self-locking unit. The state recognition unit is arranged on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery and is electrically connected to the corresponding self-locking unit. The self-locking unit is also electrically connected to the control switch. The state recognition unit recognizes the operating state of the battery pack by collecting electrical data on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery, and correspondingly controls the self-locking unit to turn on or off the control switch, controlling the closing or opening of each charge and discharge circuit of the battery pack.

[0006] The on-resistance of the control switch is extremely low. Compared with the isolation diode that uses unidirectional conductivity to achieve charge and discharge control, the energy loss is smaller, which can effectively improve the energy utilization rate. And the control switch supports external signal control, with higher control flexibility and accuracy, can adapt to the change of the load, and avoid the problem of energy accumulation caused by the change of the load. At the same time, a state recognition unit is set to collect the electrical data of the battery in real time to accurately judge the operating state of the battery pack. Once an abnormal situation such as mutual charging is detected, the self-locking unit will immediately respond and quickly cut off the corresponding charge and discharge circuit through the control switch, effectively preventing the battery from being damaged and ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0007] Further, the state recognition unit at least includes a detection element and a state recognition circuit. The detection element is arranged on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery, and the state recognition circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the detection element to collect the electrical data on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery and recognize the operating state of the battery pack.

[0008] Further, the state recognition unit at least includes an operational amplifier. The first input terminal and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to both ends of the detection element, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the self-locking unit.

[0009] Further, each self-locking unit at least includes a first triode and a second triode that are self-locked with each other. The base of the first triode and the collector of the second triode are connected to a first port. The first port is connected to the output terminal of the state recognition unit, and the emitter of the second triode is connected to the control terminal of the control switch.

[0010] A self-locking unit is set to execute the control of the control switch. The self-locking function of the self-locking unit ensures that after the trigger turn-off action, the control switch can be re-closed only when a manual reset is performed or specific conditions are met, ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0011] Further, it further includes a step-down circuit. The input end of the step-down circuit is connected to the positive electrodes of the batteries in the battery pack, and the output end of the step-down circuit is respectively connected to the state recognition unit and the self-locking unit in each control sub-module to provide corresponding working voltages.

[0012] Further, a voltage-dividing component is also connected to the control switch. The control end of the control switch is respectively connected to the output end of the step-down circuit and the ground through corresponding voltage-dividing components.

[0013] Further, it further includes a protection unit. The protection unit at least includes an anti-spark circuit. The input end of the anti-spark circuit is connected to the charger, and the output end of the anti-spark circuit is respectively connected to the positive electrodes of the batteries in the battery pack through corresponding isolation diodes.

[0014] Further, the protection unit also includes a number of fuse tubes equal to the number of batteries in the battery pack, and each fuse tube is connected in series to the positive electrode of the corresponding battery.

[0015] A usage method of the battery pack control device based on self-locking protection, which is applied to the above-mentioned battery pack control device, includes:

[0016] Collect the electrical data of each charge and discharge loop, and identify the operating state of the battery pack according to the corresponding electrical data;

[0017] When it is identified that the battery pack is in an abnormal operating state of battery mutual charging, start the corresponding self-locking unit, turn off the control switch, and control the corresponding charging loop to disconnect.

[0018] Further, the identifying the operating state of the battery pack according to the corresponding electrical data includes:

[0019] Obtain the output voltage of each battery corresponding to the charge and discharge loop according to the electrical data;

[0020] When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the preset self-locking unit opening voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in an abnormal operating state of battery mutual charging;

[0021] When the output voltage is less than the preset self-locking unit opening voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in a normal operating state.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The on-resistance of the control switch is extremely low. Compared with the isolation diode that uses unidirectional conductivity to achieve charge and discharge control, the energy loss is smaller, which can effectively improve the energy utilization rate. Moreover, the control switch supports external signal control, with higher control flexibility and accuracy, and can adapt to the changes of the load, avoiding the problem of energy accumulation caused by load changes. At the same time, a state recognition unit is set to collect the electrical data of the battery in real time to accurately judge the operating state of the battery pack. Once an abnormal situation such as mutual charging is detected, the self-locking unit will immediately respond and quickly cut off the corresponding charge and discharge circuit through the control switch, effectively preventing the battery from being damaged and ensuring the operating safety of the battery pack.

[0024] (2) A self-locking unit is set to control the control switch. The self-locking function of the self-locking unit ensures that after the trigger turn-off action, the control switch can only be re-closed after manual reset or meeting specific conditions, ensuring the operating safety of the battery pack. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the charging current path of the battery pack under normal conditions in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the discharging current path of the battery pack under normal conditions in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the discharging current path of the battery pack in an abnormal discharging state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the state recognition unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the self-locking unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the buck circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the control switch and its peripheral circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the energy recovery current path in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Markings in the figure: 1. Control switch corresponding to battery A; 2. Control switch corresponding to battery B; 31. Status recognition unit corresponding to battery A; 311. Sampling resistor corresponding to battery A; 312. Operational amplifier corresponding to battery A; 32. Self-locking unit corresponding to battery A; 41. Status recognition unit corresponding to battery B; 411. Sampling resistor corresponding to battery B; 412. Operational amplifier corresponding to battery B; 42. Self-locking unit corresponding to battery B; 5. Anti-spark circuit; 6. Isolation diode; 7. Fuse tube corresponding to battery A; 8. Fuse tube corresponding to battery B; 9. Charger; 10. Step-down circuit; 11. Load. Detailed implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment:

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This embodiment takes a battery pack composed of battery A and battery B as an example, and provides a structural schematic diagram of the battery pack control device in the battery pack charge and discharge control scenario.

[0038] The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection is connected to a battery pack composed of at least two batteries connected in parallel. Each battery in the battery pack is respectively connected to a charger and a load to form corresponding charge and discharge circuits, including control switches arranged on each charge and discharge circuit in the battery pack and several control sub-modules with the same number as the number of batteries in the battery pack. Each control sub-module includes a status recognition unit and a self-locking unit. The status recognition unit is arranged on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery and is electrically connected to the corresponding self-locking unit. The self-locking unit is also electrically connected to the control switch. The status recognition unit recognizes the operating state of the battery pack by collecting electrical data on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery, and correspondingly controls the self-locking unit to turn on or off the control switch, thereby controlling the closing or opening of each charge and discharge circuit of the battery pack.

[0039] For a battery pack with multiple batteries, each battery in the battery pack will form an independent charge and discharge circuit with the charger and the load respectively. Even if one of the batteries has a problem, it will not affect the operation of the entire battery pack.

[0040] Considering that along with the use of the battery pack, it is easy to have a large voltage difference between the batteries in the battery pack. Independent control switches are arranged in the charge and discharge circuits. At the same time, the status recognition unit is used to monitor the operating condition of the battery pack in real time, so as to turn off the corresponding control switch in time when the electrical data of one of the batteries is abnormal, cut off the corresponding charge and discharge circuit, and ensure the operating safety.

[0041] The control switch can be a MOS transistor, an IGBT component, etc., which can be controlled to be turned on and off according to an external signal. In this embodiment, an N-type MOS transistor with a built-in diode is specifically used as the loop switch, eliminating the need for an external diode and further simplifying the circuit.

[0042] Moreover, a self-locking unit is further provided to control the control switch. The self-locking function of the self-locking unit ensures that after the trigger turn-off action, the control switch can only be re-closed when a manual reset is performed or specific conditions are met, ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0043] Combined with Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram shown, taking a battery pack including battery A and battery B as an example, in the normal state, the charging current path and the discharging current path of the battery pack are respectively as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0044] From Figure 2 it can be seen that in the normal charging state, the current flows out from the charger, passes through the anti-spark circuit and the isolation diode, then enters the positive electrode of the battery, and then flows out from the negative electrode of the battery and returns to the negative electrode of the charger, thus forming a complete charging loop.

[0045] From Figure 3 it can be seen that in the normal discharging state, after the battery is connected to the load, the control switch is default turned on, the discharging loop is closed, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the battery, passes through the fuse tube, then enters the load, and then passes through the sampling resistor and the control switch and returns to the negative electrode of the battery.

[0046] In the abnormal discharging state, that is, there is a mutual charging phenomenon and the voltage of battery A is higher than that of battery B, the discharging current path of the battery pack is as Figure 4 shown.

[0047] Among them, the state recognition unit at least includes a detection element and a state recognition circuit. The detection element is arranged on the charging and discharging loop of the corresponding battery, and the state recognition circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the detection element to collect the electrical data on the charging and discharging loop of the corresponding battery and identify the operation state of the battery pack.

[0048] The state recognition unit can collect the electrical data on the charging and discharging loop of the corresponding battery through the detection element, such as voltage, current and other data, and then analyze and identify the abnormal conditions based on the above data to realize the drive control of the self-locking circuit.

[0049] The detection element can be components such as a sampling resistor and a sampling capacitor.

[0050] Moreover, in this embodiment, the voltage value is specifically used as the recognition parameter to realize the judgment of the operation state of the battery.

[0051] On this basis, the state recognition unit at least includes an operational amplifier. The first input terminal and the second input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to both ends of the detection element, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the self-locking unit.

[0052] Taking the state recognition unit provided on the charge and discharge circuit of one of the batteries A as an example, its overall circuit is as Figure 5 shown, including a sampling resistor R1, an operational amplifier U1, resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7 provided on the charge and discharge circuit of battery A.

[0053] It can be Figure 5 seen that the sampling resistor R1 is connected in series on the charge and discharge circuit of battery A. The MS1 terminal of the sampling resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of battery A, and the GND1 terminal of the sampling resistor R1 is connected to the negative electrode of battery A. The output terminal MS1_OUT of the operational amplifier U1 is the output terminal of the corresponding state recognition unit and is connected to the corresponding self-locking unit.

[0054] Each of the self-locking units at least includes a first triode and a second triode that are self-locked with each other. The base of the first triode and the collector of the second triode are connected to a first port. The first port is connected to the output terminal of the state recognition unit, and the emitter of the second triode is connected to the control terminal of the control switch.

[0055] Taking the self-locking unit provided on the charge and discharge circuit of one of the batteries A as an example, its overall circuit is as Figure 6 shown, which is composed of two triodes and related resistors and capacitors, specifically including a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2, a resistor R8, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2.

[0056] It can be Figure 6 seen that in this self-locking unit, the resistor R8, the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C2 are further combined to realize the mutual locking of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2. The base of the first triode Q1 and the collector of the second triode Q2 are commonly connected to the first port. The first port is the node for the self-locking unit to interact with the external circuit and can receive the control signal of the corresponding state recognition unit, that is, the first port is connected to the output terminal MS1_OUT of the operational amplifier U1 to receive the control signal sent by it.

[0057] The emitter of the second triode Q2 is the output terminal OCP1 of the self-locking unit and is connected to the control terminal of the control switch, and can output a control signal for turning the control switch on and off.

[0058] The circuit structures of the state recognition units and the self-locking units provided on the charge and discharge circuits of the remaining batteries are the same as those of the state recognition unit of battery A.

[0059] Combined with Figures 1 - 6It can be known that taking battery A as an example, when it is in a normal charging state, the charging current will flow from the negative electrode GND1 of the battery to the ground GND respectively. Therefore, the voltage V at the first input terminal of the operational amplifier in the state recognition unit corresponding to battery A MS1 is greater than the voltage V at the second input terminal GND . After amplification, it is also less than the set self-locking circuit opening voltage and will not trigger the self-locking circuit, and the control switch is default open.

[0060] However, when an abnormal situation occurs, that is, battery A and battery B are in a mutual charging situation, the voltage V of battery B BUS2 is much greater than the voltage V of battery A BUS1 . At this time, the current will flow out from the positive electrode MS2 of battery B, flow into the positive electrode MS1 of battery A, then flow out from the negative electrode GND1 of battery A, pass through the control switch and sampling resistor corresponding to battery A, then pass through the sampling resistor and control switch corresponding to battery B, and return to the negative electrode GND2 of battery B. At this time, the voltage V at the first input terminal of the operational amplifier in the state recognition unit corresponding to battery A MS1 is much greater than the voltage V at the second input terminal GND , and the voltage V at the first input terminal of the operational amplifier in the state recognition unit corresponding to battery B MS2 is less than the voltage V at the second input terminal GND . After being amplified by the operational amplifier, the output terminal voltage V of the state recognition unit corresponding to battery A MS1_out will be greater than the set self-locking circuit opening voltage.

[0061] When the output terminal voltage V of the state recognition unit MS1_out is greater than the set self-locking circuit opening voltage, the first triode Q1 corresponding to battery A will be turned on, thereby pulling the base of the second triode Q2 to a low level, thereby turning on the second triode Q2, and then pulling the base voltage of the first triode Q1 to a high level, realizing the mutual locking of the two triodes, maintaining the on state of the self-locking unit circuit, and then pulling the control terminal of the control switch corresponding to battery A to a low level through the self-locking unit, so that the control switch is turned off, realizing the disconnection of the corresponding charge and discharge loop.

[0062] The input terminal of the step-down circuit is connected to the positive electrodes of each battery in the battery pack, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is respectively connected to the state recognition unit and the self-locking unit in each control sub-module to provide the corresponding working voltage.

[0063] Directly using the power of the battery to supply power to each control sub-module. Taking the battery pack including battery A and battery B as an example, its corresponding step-down circuit is as Figure 7As shown, it includes a step-down chip U2, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a resistor R9, a voltage-regulating capacitor C3, a voltage-regulating capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, and a capacitor C6. Through the step-down circuit, the battery voltage can be reduced to VCC to supply power to the control switch and each control sub-module.

[0064] A voltage-dividing element is also connected to the control switch, and the control terminals of the control switch are respectively connected to the output terminal of the step-down circuit and the ground through corresponding voltage-dividing elements.

[0065] The voltage-dividing element further provides the required voltage for the on / off of the control switch. Taking the control switch corresponding to battery A as an example, its control switch and its peripheral circuit are as Figure 8 shown, including a control switch Q A , a resistor R10, and a resistor R11. Among them, the gate of the control switch is its control terminal and is connected to the self-locking unit.

[0066] To further ensure the safe operation of the battery pack, a protection unit is also provided. The protection unit at least includes an anti-spark circuit. The input end of the anti-spark circuit is connected to the charger, and the output end of the anti-spark circuit is respectively connected to the positive electrodes of each battery in the battery pack through corresponding isolation diodes.

[0067] The protection unit also includes a number of fuse tubes equal to the number of batteries in the battery pack, and each fuse tube is connected in series to the positive electrode of the corresponding battery.

[0068] Among them, the anti-spark circuit can prevent the generation of sparking when connecting or disconnecting the charger, which can protect the battery pack and the charger from damage caused by instantaneous high voltage or high current. And the input end of the anti-spark circuit is directly connected to the charger to receive electrical energy from the charger. Its output end is connected to the positive electrode of each battery in the battery pack through corresponding isolation diodes. This design ensures that each battery can safely receive charging electrical energy, and at the same time avoids direct electrical connection between the batteries, reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0069] The isolation diode plays a role of unidirectional conduction, allowing electrical energy to flow from the charger through the anti-spark circuit to the battery pack, but preventing the electrical energy in the battery pack from flowing back to the charger or other batteries. This helps to maintain electrical isolation inside the battery pack and improve the safety of the system.

[0070] In addition, a fuse tube is connected in series on the charge and discharge loop of each battery. When an abnormal situation such as short circuit or overload occurs in a certain battery or the entire system in the battery pack, the fuse tube will quickly blow and cut off the circuit, thereby preventing the current from continuing to flow and possibly causing fire or equipment damage. And this way of configuring a fuse tube for each battery separately can more precisely control the current of each battery, improving the safety and reliability of the entire battery pack.

[0071] Through each control switch and control sub-module, in addition to being able to avoid the abnormal state of mutual charging between batteries, it is also possible to rely on the flexibility and controllability of the control switch to achieve energy recovery for the load powered by the battery pack.

[0072] The load powered by the battery pack includes, in addition to the external load, the relevant components powered by the battery pack in the control device and the main control circuit board of the external load, etc.

[0073] When the external load is an inductive load, such as a brushed motor or a brushless motor, back electromotive forces of different magnitudes will be generated at each stage of the motor operation. Energy recovery mainly occurs during the process of the motor decelerating and gradually stopping. The main control drive circuit of the motor has been cut off, and there is no drive current, but the motor is still rotating by inertia. At this time, a back electromotive force will be generated. If the energy is not recovered or effectively consumed, it may accumulate on the main power supply, raising the power supply voltage, resulting in overvoltage damage to the components directly connected to the power supply or causing misjudgment of the system.

[0074] Therefore, by recovering its energy, the generated back electromotive force can be recovered and stored in the battery, which not only prevents the system from being damaged, but also recovers and stores the energy, making full use of resources. The entire energy recovery process is similar to treating the inductive load as a generator and charging the battery pack by the generator.

[0075] Taking the battery pack including battery A and battery B as an example, its energy recovery current path is as Figure 9 shown.

[0076] Another aspect of this embodiment also provides a usage method of the battery pack control device based on self-locking protection, including:

[0077] Collect the electrical data of each charge and discharge circuit, and identify the operating state of the battery pack according to the corresponding electrical data;

[0078] When it is identified that the battery pack is in an abnormal operating state of mutual charging between batteries, start the corresponding self-locking unit, turn off the control switch, and control the corresponding charging circuit to disconnect.

[0079] The electrical data of each charge and discharge circuit is collected by the state identification unit. The electrical data includes key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. It can analyze the abnormal state based on the voltage value through an operational amplifier as described in this embodiment, or can analyze the abnormal state by adding a control chip and combining multi-dimensional parameters.

[0080] When an abnormal operating state is identified, the corresponding self-locking unit can be automatically started to promptly turn off the control switch and control the corresponding charging circuit to disconnect.

[0081] Moreover, since each control sub-module is independent, the identification of the abnormal operating state can be accurate to a specific battery. Furthermore, only the corresponding self-locking unit is controlled to start, and the corresponding control switch is turned off, without affecting the operation of other normal batteries, thus ensuring the power supply reliability of the overall battery pack.

[0082] The identification of the battery pack operating state according to the corresponding electrical data includes:

[0083] Obtain the output voltage of the charge and discharge circuit corresponding to each battery according to the electrical data;

[0084] When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the preset self-locking unit opening voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in an abnormal operating state of battery mutual charging;

[0085] When the output voltage is less than the preset self-locking unit opening voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in a normal operating state.

[0086] In the process of identifying the operating state of this battery pack, the identification of the states of the charge and discharge circuits corresponding to each battery is independent. Only when the collected output voltage is higher than the opening voltage of the corresponding self-locking unit, it is determined that there is an abnormal operating state of battery mutual charging in the battery pack, and the specific abnormal battery can be directly located.

[0087] If the control switch is cut off due to mis-triggering, after reconnecting the battery pack to the load, the normal operation of the battery pack can be directly restored. If the normal operation still cannot be restored, then the battery pack is further inspected and replaced.

[0088] The above-described embodiments are only a preferred solution of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. There are other variations and modifications without exceeding the technical solutions described in the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack control device based on self-locking protection is connected to a battery pack consisting of at least two batteries connected in parallel, and each battery in the battery pack forms a corresponding charging and discharging circuit with a charger and a load, characterized in that: It includes a control switch arranged on each charging and discharging circuit in a battery pack and a number of control submodules consistent with the number of batteries in the battery pack, each control submodule includes a state identification unit and a self-locking unit, the state identification unit is arranged on the charging and discharging circuit of the corresponding battery and is electrically connected to the corresponding self-locking unit, the self-locking unit is also electrically connected to the control switch, the state identification unit identifies the operating state of the battery pack by collecting electrical data on the charging and discharging circuit of the corresponding battery, and controls the self-locking unit accordingly to turn on or off the control switch, thereby controlling the closing or opening of each charging and discharging circuit of the battery pack.

2. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The state identification unit at least includes a detection element and a state identification circuit. The detection element is arranged on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery. The state identification circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the detection element to collect electrical data on the charge and discharge circuit of the corresponding battery and identify the operating state of the battery pack.

3. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The state recognition unit at least comprises an operational amplifier, a first input terminal and a second input terminal of the operational amplifier are respectively connected to two ends of the detection element, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the self-locking unit.

4. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the self-locking units includes at least a first transistor and a second transistor that are self-locking with each other, the base of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor are connected to a first port, the first port is connected to the output end of the state recognition unit, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the control end of the control switch.

5. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a step-down circuit, the input end of which is connected to the positive electrode of each battery in the battery pack, and the output end of the step-down circuit is respectively connected to the state recognition unit and the self-locking unit in each control submodule to provide a corresponding working voltage.

6. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control switch is also connected to a voltage dividing element, and the control end of the control switch is connected to the output end of the step-down circuit and the ground through the corresponding voltage dividing element.

7. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protection unit, which includes at least an anti-spark circuit. The input end of the anti-spark circuit is connected to the charger, and the output end of the anti-spark circuit is connected to the positive electrode of each battery in the battery pack through a corresponding isolation diode.

8. The battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protection unit also includes a number of fuses that is consistent with the number of batteries in the battery pack, and each fuse is connected in series to the positive electrode of the corresponding battery.

9. A method for using a battery pack control device based on self-locking protection, applied to the battery pack control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Collect electrical data of each charging and discharging circuit, and identify the operating status of the battery pack according to the corresponding electrical data; When it is identified that the battery pack is in an abnormal operating state of battery mutual charging, the self-locking unit is started, the corresponding control switch is turned off, and the corresponding charging circuit is controlled to be disconnected.

10. The method for using the battery pack control device based on self-locking protection according to claim 9, characterized in that: The identifying the battery pack operating state according to the corresponding electrical data includes: Obtain the output voltage of the corresponding charging and discharging circuit of each battery according to the electrical data; When the output voltage is greater than or equal to the preset self-locking unit start voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in an abnormal operation state of battery mutual charging; When the output voltage is less than the preset self-locking unit start voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is in a normal operating state.

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