Photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling power generation system. Comprising a frame, an upper-layer semitransparent photovoltaic cell, a photo-thermal reflector and a lower-layer photovoltaic cell which are detachable are sequentially arranged in the frame from top to bottom, and a first middle supporting assembly is arranged between the upper-layer semitransparent photovoltaic cell and the photo-thermal reflector; and a second middle supporting assembly is arranged between the photo-thermal reflecting mirror and the lower-layer photovoltaic cell. According to the technical scheme, the upper-layer semitransparent photovoltaic cell, the photo-thermal reflector and the lower-layer photovoltaic cell are detachably connected in the frame, so that the problem of performance reduction caused by exposure of the photovoltaic cells and the photo-thermal reflector in the environment is avoided, the stability of the system is improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged; the detachable mode facilitates the disassembly and replacement of each assembly, improves the applicability and operability of the system, and guarantees the maximum utilization of light energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, and more particularly to a photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of the global energy crisis and environmental pollution problems, the use of traditional energy sources can no longer meet the needs of sustainable development. As a clean and renewable energy source, solar energy has received increasing attention from governments and research institutions around the world. Solar energy utilization technologies are mainly divided into photovoltaic power generation technology and solar thermal power generation technology. Among them, photovoltaic (PV) technology and concentrated solar power (CSP) technology each have their own advantages and play important roles in different application scenarios. Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic cells, which has the advantages of simple installation and low operating costs, and is widely used in residential, commercial, and large-scale photovoltaic power plants and other fields. However, photovoltaic cells can only utilize visible light and ultraviolet light in sunlight and cannot fully utilize the infrared part of sunlight, resulting in limited light energy utilization efficiency. In contrast, solar thermal power generation technology converts sunlight into heat energy through a collector and is suitable for high-temperature industrial applications and large-scale power generation systems. However, the light energy conversion efficiency and system complexity of solar thermal technology are relatively high, and in some cases, it has relatively high requirements for environmental conditions (such as the time and intensity of sunlight irradiation), which limits its popularization and application.

[0003] In order to overcome the limitations of single photovoltaic or solar thermal technology, in recent years, the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid technology has gradually become the focus of research. By combining a photovoltaic cell with a solar thermal reflector, the photovoltaic cell can absorb visible light and ultraviolet light for power generation, and the solar thermal reflector reflects the sunlight not absorbed by the photovoltaic cell into the solar thermal collector for heat energy power generation, thereby simultaneously leveraging the advantages of photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies. However, existing photovoltaic-thermal hybrid systems still face some technical bottlenecks.

[0004] Existing photovoltaic-thermal hybrid systems generally install photovoltaic cells and solar thermal reflectors in different structures or positions. Although this combination can improve the light energy utilization efficiency to a certain extent, its installation and maintenance are relatively complex, requiring a large space and high installation accuracy. In addition, these systems usually do not consider the disassembly and replacement of each component, resulting in the system being vulnerable to environmental factors (such as sand, corrosion, temperature changes, etc.) during long-term use, reducing the stability and service life of the system.

[0005] Furthermore, in the existing coupling structures, the combination method of photovoltaic cells and solar thermal mirrors is relatively single, and the collaborative work among various components has not been fully optimized. The structural design and material selection of the system have a great impact on its overall performance and durability. Especially in harsh environments, how to improve the physical stability and durability of the structure remains an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, how to design a more efficient, convenient and stable photovoltaic-thermal coupling structure to improve the light energy utilization efficiency and simplify the installation, disassembly and maintenance processes of the system has become the core challenge in current technical research. The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and proposes a novel photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system, which has high light energy utilization efficiency, the components in the system are easy to disassemble and install, easy to operate and maintain, and have stronger system stability.

[0007] The present invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system, including a frame. Inside the frame, a detachable upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, a solar thermal mirror, and a lower photovoltaic cell are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. A first middle support assembly is arranged between the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic mirror, and a second middle support assembly is arranged between the solar thermal mirror and the lower photovoltaic cell.

[0008] Wherein the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell absorbs visible light and ultraviolet light for photovoltaic power generation, and at the same time transmits infrared light; the solar thermal mirror reflects infrared light to a solar thermal collector for solar thermal power generation; the lower photovoltaic cell is used to collect reflected light and scattered light for photovoltaic power generation.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame includes a top support assembly and a bottom support assembly, and two side plates are symmetrically arranged between the top support assembly and the bottom support assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, the solar thermal mirror, the lower photovoltaic cell and the side plates are connected by at least one of sliding connection, magnetic connection, bolt connection or rotary buckle connection.

[0011] Furthermore, the top support assembly, the bottom support assembly, the first middle support assembly, and the second middle support assembly are all support plates or two symmetrically arranged support blocks; when they are support plates, the support plates are connected to the side plates by at least one of sliding connection, bolt connection, magnetic connection or rotary buckle connection; when they are support blocks, the two support blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the two side plates.

[0012] Further, when the top support assembly, the first middle support assembly, the second middle support assembly and the bottom support assembly are support plates, the support plates are made of high light transmittance plates.

[0013] Further, a plurality of first chutes are respectively provided on the two side plates, and both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, the solar heat reflector and the lower photovoltaic cell are respectively located in the first chutes and can slide along the first chutes.

[0014] Further, both ends of the first chute are respectively a closed end or an open end, and a limit buckle is provided at the open end. The limit buckle includes a U-shaped groove which is stuck on one side wall of the first chute, and a limit bolt is provided on the U-shaped groove. The limit bolt is in close fit or thread connection with the side wall of the first chute.

[0015] Further, the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, the solar heat reflector and the lower photovoltaic cell are connected to the frame by rotary buckles. The rotary buckle includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the side plate, and a limit rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. Locking pieces are respectively provided on the sides of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, the solar heat reflector and the lower photovoltaic cell. The locking pieces are sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the buckling is realized by rotating the limit rod.

[0016] Further, at least one of the side plates is made of a transparent material, and a cavity communicating with the outside is provided inside the side plate, and a side photovoltaic cell is slidably connected in the cavity.

[0017] Further, one or two symmetric blocking plates are further provided between the two side plates of the frame. When two blocking plates are provided, both ends of one of the blocking plates are respectively fixedly connected to the two side plates, and the other blocking plate is hinged to one of the side plates.

[0018] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention detachably connects the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, the solar heat reflector and the lower photovoltaic cell in the frame, avoiding the problem that the photovoltaic cell and the solar heat reflector are exposed to the environment and cause performance degradation, improving the stability and service life of the system. The detachable connection method facilitates the disassembly and replacement of each component, can be optimized and adjusted according to actual needs, improves the applicability and operability of the system, and at the same time ensures the maximum utilization of light energy. The provided lower photovoltaic cell greatly improves the utilization rate of sunlight. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Side view of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Partial enlarged view of the connection between the limit buckle and the first chute in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle of light energy utilization of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Side view of the system when all the support components in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are support blocks

[0026] Figure 6 Side view of the side plate when all the support components in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are support blocks;

[0027] Figure 7 Side view of the system when the top support component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is a support block;

[0028] Figure 8 Side view of the system when the first middle support component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is a support block;

[0029] Figure 9 Side view of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 Side view of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 Side view of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating buckle in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the side plate in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 Side view of the system with one side photovoltaic cell in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 Side view of the system with two side photovoltaic cells in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the frame structure with two blocking plates in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1 - upper layer semi-transparent photovoltaic cell; 2 - solar heat reflector; 3 - lower layer photovoltaic cell; 4 - first middle support assembly; 5 - second middle support assembly; 6 - side plate; 601 - first chute; 602 - limiting plate; 603 - cavity; 604 - second chute; 7 - top support assembly; 8 - bottom support assembly; 9 - U-shaped groove; 901 - limiting bolt; 10 - rotating buckle; 1001 - rotating shaft; 1002 - limiting rod; 1003 - locking piece; 1004 - locking hole; 11 - magnet; 12 - fixing bolt; 13 - side photovoltaic cell; 14 - blocking plate; 15 - collector. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise. In addition, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, as Figure 1 shown, includes a frame. Inside the frame, a detachable upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, a solar thermal reflector 2, and a lower photovoltaic cell 3 are successively arranged from top to bottom. A first middle support assembly 4 is provided between the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1 and the solar thermal reflector 2, and a second middle support assembly 5 is provided between the solar thermal reflector 2 and the lower photovoltaic cell 3. In this embodiment, the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar thermal reflector 2, the lower photovoltaic cell 3 are slidably connected to the frame. The lower photovoltaic cell 3 can be an opaque or semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to actual needs.

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, the frame includes two side plates 6, a top support assembly 7, and a bottom support assembly 8. The two side plates 6 are oppositely arranged between the top support assembly 7 and the bottom support assembly 8. In this embodiment, the two ends of the top support assembly 7 and the bottom support assembly 8 are respectively slidably connected to the two side plates 6.

[0044] The top support assembly 7, the bottom support assembly 8, the first middle support assembly 4, and the second middle support assembly 5 are respectively support plates. Seven first chutes 601 are respectively provided on the two side plates 6 ( Figure 1 the black areas in which represent the side walls of the first chutes 601, and six of the first chutes 601 are located on the side surfaces of the side walls; the first chute 601 for mounting the top support assembly 7 is located at the top of the side plate 6 or can also be arranged at the side position of the side plate 6 according to needs). The first chutes 601 are U-shaped. The two ends of the seven first chutes 601 are respectively a closed end and an open end. The heights of the seven first chutes 601 are respectively consistent with the thicknesses of the respective components. The two ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar thermal reflector 2, the lower photovoltaic cell 3, and the four support plates respectively slide along the open ends of the first chutes 601 to the closed ends.

[0045] The length of the first sliding groove 601 is slightly greater than the width of each component (in the embodiments of the present invention, "each component" refers to the collective name of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the optical heat reflector 2, the lower photovoltaic cell 3, the top support component 7, the bottom support component 8, the first middle support component 4, and the second middle support component 5). When each component is installed in place, there is a blank section at the open end of the first sliding groove 601 for installing a limit buckle. Taking the bottom support component 8 as an example, as Figure 3 shown, the limit buckle adopts a U-shaped groove 9. A limit hole is penetrated through one side wall of the U-shaped groove 9, and a limit bolt 901 is arranged in the limit hole. After the bottom support component 8 is installed in the first sliding groove 601 on the side plate 6, the U-shaped groove 9 is clamped on the side wall of the first sliding groove 601, and the limit bolt 901 is tightened so that the end of the screw rod of the limit bolt 901 away from the head fits tightly with the side wall of the first sliding groove 601; or corresponding threaded holes are provided on the side wall of the first sliding groove 601 so that the limit bolt 901 is threadedly connected with the side wall of the first sliding groove 601. When designing and manufacturing the first sliding groove 601, two adjacent first sliding grooves 601 can share a side wall, and a limit buckle is installed on the shared side wall at the same time.

[0046] When designing and manufacturing, both ends of the first sliding groove 601 can be designed as open ends, and limit buckles are respectively installed at both ends of the first sliding groove 601 during installation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the top support component 7, the first middle support component 4, the second middle support component 5, and the bottom support component 8 all adopt high light transmittance plates. Among them, the top support component 7 is used as the uppermost covering component to ensure the transmission of light; the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1 is arranged below the top support component 7 to absorb visible light and ultraviolet light for photovoltaic power generation, and at the same time transmit infrared light; the optical heat reflector 2 is arranged below the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1 to reflect infrared light to the optical heat collector for solar thermal power generation; the first middle support component 4 and the second middle support component 5 are respectively located at the bottom of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1 and the optical heat reflector 2 as support layers. The bottom support component 8 adopts a corrosion-resistant and supportive plate to support the entire structure and ensure the stability of the system. In addition to the above-mentioned components being slidably connected to the side plate 6, the bottom support component 8 can also be connected to the side plate 6 in a fixed connection manner. The two side plates 6 are made of corrosion-resistant and high-support-force plates, which can be transparent or opaque materials and are used to encapsulate the system.

[0048] Structural features of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system provided in this embodiment: The upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the photothermal reflector 2, the lower photovoltaic cell 3, and each support component are connected to the side plate 6 by a sliding connection method, which can ensure the precise installation and positioning of each component, and is convenient for the quick installation and disassembly of each component. A limit buckle is provided to ensure the stability of the system. The upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the photothermal reaction mirror 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3 are encapsulated inside the frame to reduce the influence of the external environment, improve the physical stability of the system, avoid the corrosion and damage of the components caused by long-term exposure to the environment, and improve the service life and stability.

[0049] Light energy utilization of the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system provided in this embodiment: As Figure 4 shown, when sunlight shines on the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the photovoltaic cell absorbs visible light and ultraviolet light and generates electricity through photovoltaic effect, while infrared light passes through; the infrared light is reflected by the photothermal reflector 2 to the solar thermal collector 15 for further solar thermal power generation; the lower photovoltaic cell 3 generates electricity using the ground-reflected light and ambient light, thus realizing the effective coupling of photovoltaic and solar thermal, and maximizing the conversion efficiency of light energy.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, as Figure 5 shown, the technical solution in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in that any one or more of the top support component 7, the first middle support component 4, the second middle support component 5, and the bottom support component 8 are two symmetrically arranged support blocks, and the two support blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the two side plates 6. All the support components can be replaced with support blocks, or one or two or three of the support components can be replaced with support blocks, and the remaining support components use support plates. For example: as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, all the support components are two symmetrically arranged support blocks, and the distance between two adjacent support blocks in the vertical direction can be used as the first chute 601 for installing the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the photothermal reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3. At this time, the limit buckle can be directly stuck on the support block; as Figure 7 shown, the top support component 7 uses two symmetrically arranged support blocks, and the remaining support components are all support plates; as Figure 8 shown, the first middle support component 4 uses two symmetrically arranged support blocks, and the remaining support components are all support plates.

[0052] When any support component uses a support block, a limit plate 602 needs to be provided at one end of the support block to form a closed end of the first chute 601; or a limit plate can be not provided, and limit buckles are installed at both ends of the support block respectively.

[0053] In this embodiment, replacing the support plate with a support block can further improve the light transmittance and reduce the production cost while maintaining high stability.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, as Figure 9 shown, the technical solution in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that: at both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar heat reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3 in this embodiment, magnets 11 are embedded respectively, and corresponding magnets 11 are also embedded in the two side plates 6 at corresponding positions. At both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar heat reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3, they are connected to the two side plates 6 by magnetic connection respectively.

[0056] When the top support assembly 7, the bottom support assembly 8, the first middle support assembly 4, and the second middle support assembly 5 use support plates, they can also be connected to the side plate 6 by magnetic connection. When using support blocks, they are fixedly connected to the side plate 6.

[0057] In some connection occasions that do not require long-term fixation but need to be frequently disassembled, the stability of each component is ensured through strong magnetic connection, and at the same time, the disassembly operation is convenient. During the disassembly process, each part can be quickly separated without additional tools.

[0058] At the same time, the technical solution in this embodiment can also be combined with the technical solutions in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. Replace the limit buckle with a magnet 11, and install the magnet 11 on the side wall of the first chute 601, and magnetically connect it to the magnets 11 on each component. Or some of the components use sliding connection, and the other components use magnetic connection.

[0059] Embodiment 4

[0060] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, as Figure 10 shown, the technical solution in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that: at both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar heat reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3 in this embodiment, threaded holes are provided respectively, and corresponding threaded holes are also provided in the two side plates 6 at corresponding positions. At both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar heat reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3, they are connected to the two side plates 6 by fixing bolts 12 respectively.

[0061] When the top support assembly 7, the bottom support assembly 8, the first middle support assembly 4, and the second middle support assembly 5 are support plates, they are also connected to the side plate 6 by bolt connection. When using support blocks, they are fixedly connected to the side plate 6.

[0062] For installation occasions that require higher fixing strength and stability, bolt connection can ensure that each component will not loosen during long-term use, maintaining the system stability. When disassembling, users only need to loosen the bolts to separate each component. At the same time, bolt connections can also be added between the upper translucent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar thermal reflector 2, the lower photovoltaic cell 3 and the corresponding support components to increase the connection stability.

[0063] The technical solution in this embodiment can also be combined with any of the technical solutions in Embodiments 1-3 to further improve the fixing strength and stability of the system.

[0064] Embodiment 5

[0065] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, as Figure 11 shown, the technical solution in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: each component in this embodiment is connected to two side plates 6 through a rotating buckle 10.

[0066] The rotating buckle 10 includes a rotating shaft 1001 rotatably connected to the side plate 6. A limiting rod 1002 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 1001 away from the side plate 6. A locking piece 1003 is fixed at the end of each component. A locking hole 1004 is provided on the locking piece 1003. The length and width of the locking hole 1004 are greater than the length and width of the limiting rod 1002, and the width of the locking hole 1004 is less than the length of the limiting rod 1002. As Figure 12 shown, during installation, directly pass the locking piece 1003 through the limiting rod 1002 and sleeve it on the rotating shaft 1001, and then rotate the limiting rod 1002 by 90° so that the limiting rod 1002 is perpendicular to the locking hole 1004 for clamping, and fix each component in the corresponding position through the rotating buckle 10.

[0067] The design of the rotating buckle 10 can easily lock and unlock the components. During disassembly, no tools are required, and only the limiting rod 1002 needs to be rotated to easily disassemble. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios that require frequent replacement or maintenance, providing higher operation convenience.

[0068] The rotating buckle in this embodiment can be combined with any of the technical solutions in Embodiments 1-4.

[0069] Embodiment 6

[0070] A photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system, the technical solution in this embodiment is basically the same as any of the technical solutions in Embodiments 1-5, except that: at least one side plate 6 in this embodiment is provided with a side photovoltaic cell 13.

[0071] As Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, a cavity 603 communicating with the outside is provided inside one of the side plates 6. Second chutes 604 are respectively and embeddedly installed at the top and bottom of the cavity 603. The side photovoltaic cell 13 is slidably connected in the cavity 603 along the second chutes 604. Magnets in Embodiment 3, fixing bolts in Embodiment 4, or rotary fasteners in Embodiment 5 can be installed on the side plate 6 to fix the side photovoltaic cell 13. The side plate 6 equipped with the side photovoltaic cell 13 is made of a high light transmittance plate. The structure with side photovoltaic cells 13 provided on both side plates 6 is as Figure 15 shown. At the same time, the side photovoltaic cell 13 can also be directly fixed on the side plate 6 by means of adhesion.

[0072] In this embodiment, the side photovoltaic cell 13 is provided on the side plate 6 to absorb the sunlight incident from the side, further improving the utilization rate of sunlight. This design can significantly improve the overall light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic-thermal system without increasing a large amount of structural complexity.

[0073] Embodiment 7

[0074] A photovoltaic-thermal coupled power generation system. The technical solution in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: one or two blocking plates 14 are further provided in the frame in this embodiment.

[0075] As Figure 16 shown, two blocking plates 14 are provided between the two side plates 6. Both ends of one of the blocking plates 14 are fixedly connected to the two side plates 6. The other blocking plate 14 is hinged to the right side plate 6 and is connected to the left side plate 6 through a lock. Any kind of lock assembly sold on the market can be used as the lock. When two blocking plates 14 are provided, the limit buckle at the open end of the first chute 601 can be omitted.

[0076] The frame in this embodiment includes two side plates 6, two blocking plates 14, a top support assembly 7, and a bottom support assembly 8, forming a fully enclosed structure, which provides all-round encapsulation for the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 1, the solar thermal reflector 2, and the lower photovoltaic cell 3, further improving the lifespan of the components and the stability of the system; and the installation is simpler. Only need to open the lock between the blocking plate 14 and the side plate 6 and insert each component into the corresponding first chute 601.

[0077] In the embodiments 1-7 of the present invention, the technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily as needed. For example, on the basis of the sliding connection structure, magnetic connection, bolt connection or rotary snap connection can be configured; the connection methods of each component to the side plate can also be connected in different ways. For example, the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell adopts a sliding connection, the solar heat reflector adopts a magnetic connection or a rotary snap connection, the lower photovoltaic cell adopts a bolt connection, and each support component can also be connected to the side plate in different ways.

[0078] The following problems exist in the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system in the prior art:

[0079] 1. Difficult installation and replacement of photovoltaic cells and solar heat reflectors: The existing photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system often faces problems of inconvenient installation and maintenance. Traditional fixing methods may require complex tools and processes, resulting in a large amount of time and effort consumed during equipment maintenance, upgrade or replacement.

[0080] 2. The structure is not convenient for adjustment and regular maintenance: The photovoltaic-thermal hybrid structure in the prior art often lacks flexible adjustment and disassembly functions, resulting in the equipment being unable to be optimized and adjusted according to actual needs, reducing the adaptability and operability of the system.

[0081] 3. Low light energy utilization efficiency: Only the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and the solar heat reflector are combined in the traditional structure, resulting in waste of light energy or inability to maximize the utilization of sunlight.

[0082] 4. Insufficient system stability and lifespan: The existing photovoltaic-thermal hybrid structure is easily affected by the external environment during long-term use. The exposure of photovoltaic cells and solar heat reflectors to the environment may lead to performance degradation, affecting the stability and service life of the system.

[0083] 5. Poor adaptability between photovoltaic cells and solar heat reflectors: In the existing structure, the installation and docking methods of photovoltaic cells and solar heat reflectors may not be precise enough, resulting in unsatisfactory light absorption and reflection effects and failure to fully utilize sunlight for power generation.

[0084] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic-thermal hybrid power generation system provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0085] First, the present invention enables the easy installation and disassembly of photovoltaic cells and solar thermal mirrors through methods such as chutes, bolts, magnets, and rotating fasteners. In the prior art, the installation and disassembly of components in a photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation system usually require complex operations and even tools for assembly and disassembly, which not only increases the difficulty of operation but also reduces the maintenance efficiency. The detachable connection structure provided by the present invention greatly simplifies these steps, enabling the rapid installation and replacement of each component, and significantly enhancing the operation convenience and work efficiency. Experimental data shows that with the connection structure of the present invention, the installation time of system components can be shortened by approximately 30%, and the disassembly time can be reduced by approximately 40%, significantly improving the operation efficiency.

[0086] Secondly, the present invention encapsulates the photovoltaic cells and solar thermal mirrors, reducing the influence of the external environment on the photovoltaic cells and solar thermal mirrors and enhancing the physical stability of the system. Existing photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation systems are prone to being affected by external environmental factors such as sand and corrosion during long-term use, thereby reducing the reliability and service life of the system. According to the comparative experimental results, the weather resistance of the system adopting the structure of the present invention has been improved by approximately 25% in a harsh environment, and the service life of the system has been extended by approximately 20%. By encapsulating the photovoltaic cells and solar thermal mirrors inside the structure, not only is the direct contact between the outside and these components reduced, extending their service life, but also the stability of the system in environments such as high temperature and high humidity is improved, and it has better corrosion resistance.

[0087] In addition, the energy utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation system is also a prominent advantage of the present invention. The present invention uses an upper-layer semi-transparent photovoltaic cell to absorb visible light and ultraviolet light for photovoltaic power generation, while infrared light is reflected by the solar thermal mirror to the solar thermal collector for solar thermal power generation. The lower-layer photovoltaic cell can also utilize ground-reflected light and ambient light for power generation, and the side photovoltaic cells utilize side sunlight for power generation, maximizing the utilization of solar energy. Experimental data shows that compared with a single photovoltaic-thermal integrated power generation system, the multi-layer coupling and side coupling system of the present invention has increased the light energy conversion efficiency by approximately 15% - 20%. This efficient utilization of light energy not only increases the power generation but also significantly improves the economic benefits of energy utilization.

[0088] In addition, the present invention also proposes a variety of connection and disassembly schemes, including chute and limit fastener structures, rotating fastener connections, bolt connections, and magnetic connections, etc. The adoption of these schemes makes the system more flexible and convenient, and at the same time can meet the installation and maintenance requirements in different environments. For example, in application scenarios that require frequent replacement or maintenance, the disassembly time of the rotating fastener connection structure is reduced by approximately 50% compared to the bolt connection structure. This rapid disassembly scheme is particularly suitable for the repair and replacement of large-scale photovoltaic-thermal integrated systems, reducing the maintenance cost and time, and enhancing the operability and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0089] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention effectively solves the problems in the prior art such as inconvenient installation and disassembly of the photovoltaic-thermal coupled power generation system, insufficient utilization of light energy, and poor system stability. It not only improves the utilization efficiency of light energy, but also optimizes the maintenance and replacement processes of the system through the innovative design of the detachable connection structure, making the photovoltaic-thermal coupled power generation system more efficient, stable and convenient.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal coupled power generation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, wherein a detachable upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1), a photothermal reflector (2), and a lower photovoltaic cell (3) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the frame, a first middle support assembly (4) is arranged between the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1) and the photothermal reflector (2), and a second middle support assembly (5) is arranged between the photothermal reflector (2) and the lower photovoltaic cell (3); The upper layer semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1) absorbs visible light and ultraviolet light to generate photovoltaic power, while transmitting infrared light; the photothermal reflector (2) reflects infrared light to the photothermal collector for photothermal power generation; the lower layer photovoltaic cell (3) is used to collect reflected light and scattered light for photovoltaic power generation.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame comprises a top support assembly (7) and a bottom support assembly (8), and two side panels (6) are symmetrically arranged between the top support assembly (7) and the bottom support assembly (8).

3. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1), the photothermal reflector (2), the lower photovoltaic cell (3) and the side plate (6) are connected by at least one of sliding connection, magnetic connection, bolt connection or rotating snap connection.

4. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top support assembly (7), the bottom support assembly (8), the first middle support assembly (4), and the second middle support assembly (5) are all support plates or two symmetrically arranged support blocks; when they are support plates, the support plates and the side plates (6) are connected by at least one of sliding connection, bolt connection, magnetic connection, or rotating snap connection; when they are support blocks, the two support blocks are fixedly connected to the two side plates (6) respectively.

5. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the top support assembly (7), the first middle support assembly (4), the second middle support assembly (5) and the bottom support assembly (8) are support plates, the support plates are made of high light transmittance plates.

6. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of first slide grooves (601) are respectively provided on the two side panels (6), and both ends of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1), the photothermal reflector (2), and the lower photovoltaic cell (3) are respectively located in the first slide grooves (601) and can slide along the first slide grooves (601).

7. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the first slide groove (601) are respectively a closed end and an open end, the open end is provided with a limit buckle, the limit buckle comprises a U-shaped groove (9), the U-shaped groove (9) is clamped on one of the side walls of the first slide groove (601), the U-shaped groove (9) is provided with a limit bolt (901), and the limit bolt (901) is tightly fitted or threadedly connected to the side wall of the first slide groove (601).

8. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1), the photothermal reflector (2), and the lower photovoltaic cell (3) are connected to the frame by means of a rotating buckle (10); the rotating buckle (10) comprises a rotating shaft (1001) rotatably connected to the side plate (6); a limiting rod (1002) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (1001); locking pieces (1003) are respectively provided on the sides of the upper semi-transparent photovoltaic cell (1), the photothermal reflector (2), and the lower photovoltaic cell (3); the locking pieces (1003) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (1001), and engagement is achieved by rotating the limiting rod (1002).

9. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the side panels (6) is made of a transparent material, and a cavity (603) communicating with the outside is provided inside the side panel (6), and a side photovoltaic cell (13) is slidably connected in the cavity (603).

10. The photovoltaic-thermal coupling power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame is further provided with one or two symmetrical blocking plates (14) between the two side plates (6); when two blocking plates (14) are provided, two ends of one of the blocking plates (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the two side plates (6), and the other blocking plate (14) is hinged to one of the side plates (6).

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