Spatial coverage method, apparatus, computer device, readable storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a space domain coverage method and device, computer equipment, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product. A target airway is divided into multiple airway subareas, a base station is provided with an antenna array for emitting multiple beams, and the method comprises the following steps: controlling the antenna array to emit multiple beams for covering the multiple airway subareas respectively, wherein the beam received by a receiving device is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target airway. By adopting the method, the communication cost can be reduced, the safety of an airplane can be improved, and the utilization rate of airplane resources can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a spatial coverage method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] Existing civil airway coverage solutions consist of ground base station systems and aircraft-borne systems, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft's airborne systems include external CPE (Customer Premises Equipment) terminals or large-scale antenna arrays, internal signal modulation and demodulation servers, and indoor distributed small antennas, among other equipment.

[0003] In the existing civil airway coverage scheme, the signal is emitted by the signal source, received by the base station, processed by the baseband processing unit and active radio frequency circuit, and then emitted by the passive antenna. At this time, the conversion from digital signal to analog signal (electromagnetic wave) is completed, and then received by the receiving device on the aircraft. After being processed by the CPE, it is converted from analog signal to digital signal and transmitted to the crew terminal.

[0004] However, existing civil airway coverage schemes rely on aircraft onboard systems and equipment. If each aircraft needs to be equipped with the aforementioned onboard systems and equipment, it will incur huge costs. Moreover, since the added equipment is all electrical equipment, the transmission cables and the electrical equipment themselves will not only increase the safety risks inside the aircraft, but also increase the weight of the aircraft to a certain extent, which may lead to a reduction in passenger capacity and thus cause a waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an airspace coverage method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product that can reduce communication costs, improve aircraft safety, and enhance aircraft resource utilization in response to the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an airspace coverage method, wherein a target airway is divided into multiple airway zones, and a base station is deployed with an antenna array for transmitting multiple beams, the method comprising:

[0007] The antenna array is controlled to transmit multiple beams, each used to cover the multiple waterway sections, wherein the beam received by the receiving device in the target waterway is determined according to the location of the receiving device in the target waterway.

[0008] In one embodiment, the beam received by the receiving device is determined based on the position of the receiving device in the target course, including:

[0009] The receiving device receives a beam corresponding to a target channel subzone, or a base station controls the antenna array to transmit a beam to the target channel subzone.

[0010] The target channel subzone is a channel subzone associated with a location of the receiving device.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0012] The antenna array is controlled to transmit a beam, and the beam changes with the location data of the receiving device.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the multiple beams access the same cell or the multiple beams access different cells.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0015] For any channel subzone, a directional pattern of a target array in the antenna array is determined based on location information of the channel subzone, wherein the target array includes at least one antenna element, and the target array is used to transmit a beam to cover the channel subzone.

[0016] The target array is deployed based on the directional pattern, so that a radiation direction of the target array points to the channel subzone, and a radiation field strength meets a communication requirement of the channel subzone.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, a spacing between the antenna elements in the target array needs to be less than or equal to a target spacing, and the target spacing is determined based on a wavelength and a scanning angle corresponding to the target array.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the determination of the directional pattern of the target array in the antenna array based on the location information of the channel subzone comprises:

[0019] Location information of the receiving device in the channel subzone is obtained, and the location information includes a radiation distance from the target array to the receiving device, a scanning angle of the target array, and an angle between an electric field vector of the target array and the ground;

[0020] The radiation distance, the scanning angle, and the angle between the electric field vector and the ground are substituted into a total field strength calculation formula of the target array, and excitation currents and spacings of the antenna elements in the target array in the total field strength calculation formula are optimized to obtain the directional pattern of the target array.

[0021] In one of the embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0022] For any of the channel subareas, determine a total link loss corresponding to the channel subarea;

[0023] Based on the total link loss and a preset receiving level, determine a transmitting power of the target array.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a spatial coverage device, a target channel is divided into a plurality of channel subareas, a base station is provided with an antenna array for transmitting a plurality of beams, the device comprises:

[0025] A beam transmitting unit is configured to control the antenna array to transmit a plurality of beams for covering the plurality of channel subareas respectively, wherein a beam received by a receiving device in the target channel is determined according to a position of the receiving device in the target channel.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the beam received by the receiving device is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target channel, comprising:

[0027] The receiving device receives a beam corresponding to a target channel subarea, or the base station controls the antenna array to transmit a beam to the target channel subarea;

[0028] The target channel subarea is a channel subarea associated with the position of the receiving device.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the beam transmitting unit is further configured to control the antenna array to transmit a beam, and the beam follows the position data of the receiving device.

[0030] In one of the embodiments, the plurality of beams access the same cell or the plurality of beams access different cells.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, the device further comprises:

[0032] A first determining unit is configured to, for any of the channel subareas, determine a directional pattern of a target array in the antenna array based on position information of the channel subarea, wherein the target array comprises at least one antenna unit, and the target array is configured to transmit a beam to cover the channel subarea;

[0033] A deploying unit is configured to deploy the target array based on the directional pattern, so that a radiation direction of the target array points to the channel subarea, and a radiation field strength meets a communication requirement of the channel subarea.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, a spacing between the antenna units in the target array needs to be less than or equal to a target spacing, and the target spacing is determined based on a wavelength and a corresponding scanning angle of the target array.

[0035] In one embodiment, the first determining unit is further configured to:

[0036] obtain position information of the receiving device in the channel partition, the position information comprising a radiation distance from the target array to the receiving device, a scanning angle of the target array, and an angle between an electric field vector of the target array and the ground;

[0037] substitute the radiation distance, the scanning angle, and the angle between the electric field vector and the ground into a total field strength calculation formula of the target array, and obtain a directional diagram of the target array by optimizing excitation currents and spacings of the antenna elements in the target array in the total field strength calculation formula.

[0038] In one embodiment, the device further comprises:

[0039] a second determining unit configured to determine a total link loss corresponding to the channel partition for any channel partition;

[0040] a third determining unit configured to determine a transmission power of the target array based on the total link loss and a preset receiving level.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the spatial coverage method of any one of the above aspects when executing the computer program.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the spatial coverage method of any one of the above aspects.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the spatial coverage method of any one of the above aspects.

[0044] The aforementioned airspace coverage method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product divide the target airway into multiple airway zones and use multiple beams to cover each airway zone separately. Under this design concept, an antenna array can be controlled to transmit multiple beams, each used to cover multiple airway zones. The beam received by the receiving device in the target airway is determined based on the receiving device's location within the target airway. By employing the airspace coverage method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided in this application, and by using multiple beams to cover each airway zone separately, blind-spot-free coverage of the airway can be achieved. The base station can communicate directly with the communication equipment on the aircraft without relying on the aircraft's onboard systems, thereby reducing communication costs, improving aircraft safety, and effectively increasing the utilization rate of aircraft resources. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the airborne system equipment composition in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a spatial coverage method in one embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the division of the target waterway in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coverage of a multi-beam array across multiple airway zones in one embodiment.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a spatial coverage method in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating step 502 in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the radiation parameters in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of the radiation parameters in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the spatial coverage method in another embodiment;

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the antenna, radio frequency device and base station cell in one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 9a A variation process of the beam tilt angle of the antenna radiation unit feed point in the process of the aircraft flight in one embodiment;

[0057] Figure 9b A variation process of the beam tilt angle of the antenna radiation unit feed point in the process of the aircraft flight in one embodiment;

[0058] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the high and low altitude positions in another embodiment;

[0059] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the signal processing in another embodiment;

[0060] Figure 12 A structural block diagram of the airspace coverage device in one embodiment;

[0061] Figure 13 An internal structural diagram of the computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0063] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , a method for airspace coverage is provided, and the present embodiment is exemplified by the method applied to a base station. In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3a , the target airway is divided into a plurality of airway sub-zones, and the base station is provided with an antenna array for transmitting a plurality of beams, and the plurality of beams are respectively used for covering the plurality of airway sub-zones, and the method comprises the following steps 202, wherein:

[0064] Step 202, controlling the antenna array to transmit a plurality of beams respectively used for covering the plurality of airway sub-zones, wherein the beam received by the receiving device in the target airway is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target airway.

[0065] In this embodiment, the target waterway can be divided into multiple waterway regions, where the size of each waterway region can be the same or different. This embodiment does not specifically limit the method of dividing the waterway regions. An antenna array for transmitting multiple beams is deployed on the base station side. Each beam is used to cover multiple waterway regions, for example, each beam may cover one waterway region, or two beams may cover one waterway region, or so on. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0066] For example, refer to Figure 3b As shown. The target airway is a band of airway width 'a' meters and length 'b' meters. (Example: in the figure, 'a' is 20 kilometers, and 'b' depends on the antenna design and gain, ranging from tens to hundreds of kilometers.) Figure 3b (Taking b = 200 km as an example). To increase antenna gain, this embodiment uses an antenna array to transmit multiple beams to achieve signal coverage of multiple sections of the target route. For example, depending on the specific gain requirements, route coverage can be achieved using 1, 2, 3, ... n beams. The beams can be arranged in a single-column or multi-column matrix manner. (Refer to...) Figure 3b As shown, the beam is a two-column matrix beam pattern used to cover the target waterway.

[0067] That is, Figure 3b The antenna array shown includes antennas capable of generating n beams, which can be connected to the ports of 1, 2, 3, ..., n Remote Radio Units (RRUs). The specific number of RRUs depends on the required base station transmit power. The transmit power of the n beams is maximized when each beam corresponds to an amplifier in one RRU; when two beams share an amplifier, the transmit power of each individual beam is halved, and so on.

[0068] In one exemplary embodiment, multiple beams can access the same cell or multiple beams can access different cells. For example, when system capacity is sufficient, 1, 2, 3, ... n beams can be connected and configured into one cell (or sector). When system capacity needs to be increased, these n beams can be flexibly configured into multiple cells, thereby increasing system capacity through frequency reuse. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the cells configured with the beams.

[0069] For any channel section of the target channel (hereinafter referred to as the first channel section for clarity), the antenna array can be divided into target arrays to radiate the first channel section, that is, multiple beams emitted by the target array can cover the first channel section. The target array consists of at least one antenna element.

[0070] In an example embodiment, the beams received by the receiving device can include beams determined according to a position of the receiving device in the target lane.

[0071] The receiving device receives beams corresponding to the target lane partition, or the base station controls the antenna array to emit beams to the target lane partition; wherein the target lane partition is a lane partition associated with the position of the receiving device.

[0072] In an example embodiment, the method can further include:

[0073] When the receiving device meets the beam emission condition corresponding to the target lane partition, the target linear array is controlled to emit beams, wherein the beam emission condition includes that the receiving device is in the target lane partition, or the receiving device is in an adjacent lane partition of the target lane partition.

[0074] In one example, the beams can flexibly emit signals according to the position of the aircraft, and beams that do not cover the aircraft can not be emitted to save power. In an example, the position data of the receiving device can be obtained in real time, and the target lane partition can be determined based on the position of the receiving device, for example, the lane partition in which the position data of the receiving device is located is taken as the target lane partition, or the lane partition in which the position information of the receiving device is located and a preset number (for example, 1, 2, …) of adjacent lane partitions before and after the lane partition are taken as the target lane partition. The determination manner of the target lane partition is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0075] The base station can control the target array corresponding to the target lane partition to emit beams, and the target arrays corresponding to other lane partitions except the target lane partition do not emit beams, so that power and communication resources can be saved.

[0076] In another example, each target array can emit beams, and the receiving device can control to receive only part or all of the beams corresponding to the lane partitions, that is, to receive only the beams corresponding to the target lane partition. During the emission and propagation of each beam, a certain degree of signal crosstalk is inevitably generated. By selective reception, the influence of such crosstalk on the target signal can be reduced, so that the quality and clarity of the received signal can be improved, that is, the interference from other beams can be effectively reduced. Moreover, the receiving device can concentrate on receiving part of the beams, and the receiving device can concentrate its signal processing resources on these beams. For example, more resources and processing capacity can be invested in signal amplification, demodulation, etc., so as to enhance the processing effect of the target beam signal, improve the reliability of communication, and reduce the probability of signal loss or error.

[0077] In an example embodiment, the method can further include:

[0078] The antenna array is controlled to transmit a beam, the beam following changes in position data of the receiving device.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the receiving device can acquire its own position information in real time and transmit the position data to the base station. The base station dynamically adjusts the direction and angle of the beam according to the position data, using phased array antenna technology or digital beamforming technology, so that the beam always points to the receiving device. For example, the base station beam can continuously track the user during movement, ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0080] In this way, not only can the receiving device maintain good communication connection during movement, reduce the interruption time during switching, and improve user experience. Moreover, since the beam is concentratedly directed to the receiving device, the influence of interference sources from other directions is reduced, which can improve the reliability and stability of communication and reduce the bit error rate.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to FIG. 1, the method can further include the following steps 402 to 404, wherein: Figure 4

[0082] Step 402, for any channel partition, based on the position information of the channel partition, determining a directional diagram of a target array in the antenna array, wherein the target array includes at least one antenna element, and the target array is used to transmit a beam covering the channel partition;

[0083] Step 404, deploying the target array based on the directional diagram, so that the radiation direction of the target array points to the channel partition, and the radiation field strength meets the communication demand of the channel partition.

[0084] Exemplarily, the directional diagram of the target array in the antenna array can be calculated based on the position information of any channel partition (for clarity, referred to as the first channel partition below). The directional diagram is used to describe the distribution of the signal radiated by the antenna in space, i.e., the radiation intensity of the antenna in each direction. That is, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the radiation direction of the target array in the antenna array can be set according to the position of the first channel partition, so that the beam transmitted by the target array can accurately cover the target channel partition. The target array is an array formed by part or all of the antenna elements in the antenna array, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not make specific limitations on the target array.

[0085] By analogy, the directional diagram of each array can be determined, so that the multiple beams transmitted by the antenna array can accurately cover each channel partition.

[0086] ​In the embodiments of the present application, after obtaining the directional diagram of the target array, the target array can be deployed based on the directional diagram of the target array. For example, the azimuth and elevation of each antenna unit in the target array can be determined through the directional diagram, and then each antenna unit is set based on the azimuth and elevation, so that the radiation direction of the target array points to the first lane partition, so that the beam transmitted by the target array can cover the entire first lane partition. Alternatively, the phase and amplitude of the target array can also be adjusted through the directional diagram to ensure that the main lobe (the strongest radiation direction) of the antenna array directly aligns with the first lane partition. In this way, the radiation energy of the antenna can be maximized, and the communication efficiency can be improved.

[0087] That is, in the embodiments of the present application, the phase and geometric layout of the target array can be adjusted to optimize the radiation directional diagram, so that the main lobe points to the first lane partition, and the radiation field strength of the antenna array in the first lane partition can meet the communication requirements, for example: to meet the minimum signal strength requirement or to achieve higher communication quality.

[0088] For example, assuming that in the air traffic management system, there is a lane partition located in the east direction of the antenna array, and the communication requirement is to require a higher signal strength to support high-speed data transmission. Then, the radiation main lobe of the target array can be aligned in the east direction, and the phase and position of each antenna unit can be adjusted based on the directional diagram to maximize the radiation intensity of the main lobe, while reducing interference in other directions.

[0089] The above space coverage method divides the target lane into multiple lane partitions, and uses multiple beams to cover each lane partition. Under this design concept, the antenna array can send multiple beams for covering multiple lane partitions, and the beam received by the receiving device is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target lane. By using the space coverage method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the multiple beams can cover each partition of the lane, which can realize non-blind coverage of the lane. The base station can directly communicate with the communication equipment on the aircraft without relying on the aircraft on-board system equipment, thereby reducing the communication cost, improving the safety of the aircraft, and effectively improving the utilization rate of aircraft resources.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the spacing between the antenna units in the target array needs to be less than or equal to the target spacing, which is determined based on the wavelength and the corresponding scanning angle of the target array.

[0091] For example, when the beam tilt angle is constant, the spacing between antenna elements in the target array can be determined by the main lobe beamwidth, the first sidelobe beamwidth, and the beamwidths of other grating lobes. Specifically, the target spacing can be calculated based on the wavelength and the scanning angle corresponding to the target array. The spacing between antenna elements in the target array and the target spacing can be constrained by the following formula (I), that is, the spacing between antenna elements in the target array needs to satisfy formula (I):

[0092]

[0093] Where d represents the spacing between antenna elements, θ represents the scanning angle corresponding to the target array, and λ represents the wavelength. This represents the target spacing. In fact, formula (a) can have different variations, which are not enumerated in this embodiment. For example, formula (a) can be transformed to obtain... in Constraints, etc.

[0094] In this embodiment, for antenna arrays with ultra-wide scanning angles, it is generally impossible to simultaneously achieve optimal solutions for both the array topology and the antenna element beamwidth. This is because for an array composed of multiple antenna elements, the smaller the spacing d between the antenna elements, the larger the beamwidth coverage. However, excessively small spacing can lead to complex beamwidth characteristics, potentially introducing sidelobes or other interference components. Conversely, a larger spacing d results in a smaller beamwidth coverage, thus limiting the coverage. Therefore, to balance beamwidth coverage and signal strength, the spacing between antenna elements must satisfy the constraint of formula (I), meaning that when the scanning angle is 90°, d must be less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the operating wavelength.

[0095] In one exemplary embodiment, reference is made to Figure 5 As shown, in step 402, determining the radiation pattern of the target array in the antenna array based on the location information of the airway partition may include the following steps 502 to 504, wherein:

[0096] Step 502: Obtain the position information of the receiving device within the airway section. The position information includes the radiation distance from the target array to the receiving device, the scanning angle of the target linear array, and the angle between the electric field vector sent by the target array pointing to the receiving device and the ground.

[0097] Step 504: Substitute the radiation distance, scanning angle, and the angle between the electric field vector and the ground into the total field strength calculation formula of the target array. By optimizing the excitation current and spacing of each antenna element in the target array in the total field strength calculation formula, the radiation pattern of the target array is obtained.

[0098] In the embodiments of the present application, the position information of the receiving device in the channel partition (for example, the first channel partition) can be acquired Wherein, r represents the radiation distance from the target array (or the base station) to the receiving device, and θ represents the scanning angle of the target array, represents the included angle between the electric field vector of the target array and the ground.

[0099] The calculation process of the position information of the receiving device in the channel partition will be introduced below.

[0100] For example, the coordinate position (x, y, z) of the receiving device in the first channel partition can be obtained by positioning. The specific positioning method for obtaining the coordinate position is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the coordinate mentioned in the embodiments of the present application is a spherical coordinate system with the base station as the center, which will not be described below. Wherein, z is the height of the first channel partition, x represents the position of the receiving device on the length of the channel, and y represents the position of the receiving device on the width of the channel. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein d4 is the radiation distance (km), which can also be represented as r, d1 is the projection length (km) of the radiation distance on the coordinate position of the receiving device, d2 is the horizontal distance (km) between the base station and the receiving device, which can also be represented as y, d3 is the position (km) of the receiving device on the length of the channel, which can also be represented as x, and d5 is the height (km) of the channel, which can also be represented as z. Figure 6a and Figure 6b Wherein, d4 is the radiation distance (km), which can also be represented as r, d1 is the projection length (km) of the radiation distance on the coordinate position of the receiving device, d2 is the horizontal distance (km) between the base station and the receiving device, which can also be represented as y, d3 is the position (km) of the receiving device on the length of the channel, which can also be represented as x, and d5 is the height (km) of the channel, which can also be represented as z.

[0101] According to the Pythagorean theorem, the projection length (km) d1 of the radiation distance on the coordinate position of the receiving device can be represented by formula (two), and the radiation distance (km) d4 can be represented by formula (three):

[0102] D2 2 +3 2 =1 2 Formula (two)

[0103] d1 2 +5 2 =4 2 Formula (three)

[0104] In this way, the coordinate values of the receiving device on the x coordinate axis and the y coordinate axis can be respectively taken as d3 and d2, so that d1 can be calculated. Further, the coordinate value of the receiving device on the z coordinate axis can be taken as d5, and d4 (that is, the radiation distance r) can be calculated. At this time, the values of d1, d2, d3, d4 and d5 are known, and the size of the radiation angle θ can be solved next. The size of the radiation angle θ is shown in formula (four) and formula (five):​

[0105]

[0106] After the calculation of formula (four) and formula (five), rounding to one decimal place and θ.

[0107] After obtaining the position information of the receiving device in the first channel partition , the can be further substituted into the total field strength calculation formula of the target array, wherein the total field strength calculation formula of the target array is shown in the following formula (six) to formula (eight).

[0108]

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Wherein, E represents the total field strength of the target array, e -jkr is a complex number, j is an imaginary unit, represents the total directivity factor of the target array, represents the element factor, represents the array factor, A is the loss factor, N is the total number of antenna elements in the target array, I n is the excitation current complex vector of the nth antenna element, z n is the coordinate of the nth antenna element on the Z axis, and k is the propagation coefficient.

[0112] After obtaining the total field strength calculation formula of the target array, the excitation current of each antenna element in the target array and the distance between the antenna elements can be optimized, so as to obtain the optimal solution of the radiation pattern of the target array in the coordinate position of the receiving device, which can be used as the directivity pattern of the target array to guide the deployment of the target array, so that the target array can cover the entire channel partition, and the radiation field strength meets the communication demand of the channel partition.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment, referring to Figure 7 the above method can further include the following steps 702 to 704, wherein:

[0114] Step 702, for any channel partition, determining the total link loss corresponding to the channel partition;

[0115] Step 704, determining the transmission power of the target array based on the total link loss and the preset receiving level.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present application, after the radiation distance between the receiving device and the base station in the waterway partition is calculated, the distance loss (dBm) e2 can be calculated based on the radiation distance, as shown in formula (IX), and then the total link loss (dBm) value e1 can be calculated based on the distance loss e2, as shown in formula (X):

[0117] e2 = 32.4 + 20log 10 f + 20log 10 d4 formula (IX)

[0118] e1 = e2 + e3 formula (X)

[0119] Wherein, d4 is the radiation distance (km), f is the frequency (MHz), e1 is the total link loss (dBm), e2 is the distance loss (dBm), and e3 is the known fuselage penetration loss (dBm). The actual received level (dBm) of the receiving terminal can be calculated by the total link loss e1, as shown in formula (XI):

[0120] RSRP = EIRP - e1 formula (XI)

[0121] Wherein, RSRP is the actual received level value (dBm) of the receiving terminal, e1 is the total link loss (dBm), and EIRP is the transmission power. In this way, the preset receiving level of the receiving terminal can be preset, the transmission power required for the target array for the waterway partition can be calculated by formula (XI), and then the strength of the received signal of the receiving terminal can be ensured by increasing the transmission power of the target array.

[0122] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described below through specific examples.

[0123] The existing communication solution between the base station and the aircraft is to install an airborne CPE as a relay, place the antenna of the airborne CPE outside the fuselage, and reduce the penetration loss caused by the fuselage penetration. The airspace coverage method provided by the embodiments of the present application is to increase the antenna gain through the multi-beam antenna form to compensate for the fuselage penetration loss, so as to achieve the contradiction of eliminating the airborne CPE device.

[0124] Referring to Figure 3b The target waterway is taken as an example of a waterway with a coverage width of 20 kilometers and a length of 200 kilometers. In the embodiments of the present application, array antennas are used to complete the design through multi-beam. According to the specific gain requirement, the waterway coverage can be completed by 1, 2, 3, … n beams. The arrangement of the beams can be completed by single column or multi-column matrix type. In the schematic diagram, the beams are covered by two-column matrix type beams to complete the signal coverage of a certain waterway.

[0125] Referring to Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the system can generate an n-beam antenna, which can be connected to the ports of 1, 2, 3, … n radio frequency devices RRU. The number of specific radio frequency devices RRU is related to the required base station transmission power. When each beam corresponds to an RRU amplifier, the transmission power of the n-beam is the largest. When two beams share an amplifier, the transmission power of a single beam is halved, and so on.

[0126] When the system capacity is sufficient, 1, 2, 3, … n beams can be connected and configured to a cell (or sector). When the system capacity needs to be increased, the n beams can be flexibly configured as multiple cells to increase the capacity of the system through frequency reuse.

[0127] The coverage scheme of the partitioned coverage is to cover multiple sections, and multiple beams are used for coverage in each section. This new type of channel coverage is suitable for ground-to-air coverage communication systems responsible for transmitting and receiving signals, which can include base stations and antenna units contained therein, and can effectively achieve partitioned coverage and achieve blind spot-free coverage effect, with a wide communication range. A base station can transmit and receive communication within a range of 200 km long and 20 km wide. While ensuring flight quality, the number of base stations is reduced, and the cost is reduced. In the same base station, each partitioned antenna gradually changes from far to near in a "domino" distribution (see Figure 3b As shown in the figure), each antenna points to a different θ and Accurate setting of the θ and of the corresponding area will achieve blind area-free coverage.

[0128] In the airspace coverage scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application, the transmission power of the base station can be adjusted. For example, the signal strength RSRP received by the passengers on the aircraft is determined by the transmission power of the base station and the total link loss. Under certain conditions of total link loss, by adjusting the transmission power of the base station, the signal strength received by the passengers on the aircraft can be enhanced.

[0129] Referring to Figure 9a With 9bAs shown, the variation of the beam angle of the antenna radiation unit feed point to the aircraft during the flight of the aircraft is shown. Exemplarily, the beam angle of each antenna radiation unit feed point to the aircraft is determined by the flight height, and is different at different flight levels. The higher the flight level, the greater the angle between the feed direction and the ground. In the case of consistent flight level, from far to near, for example, when the aircraft is at the position of 1 or N+1 flight channel partition, when flying from far to near to the distance of 3 or N+3 flight channel partition, the angle between the feed direction and the ground is continuously increased; from near to far, for example, when the aircraft is at the position of N-1 or 2N-1 flight channel, to the distance of N or 2N flight channel, the angle between the feed direction and the ground will continuously decrease.

[0130] The deployment process of the antenna array will be introduced below.

[0131] The antenna array element spacing is set: the multiple antenna units for radiating the same flight channel region are linearly arranged and can form a linear array. For the antenna array with super wide scanning angle, in most cases, it is impossible to simultaneously optimize the array topology and the antenna unit beam, so for an array, the element spacing d must satisfy the above formula (I) to balance the coverage range and signal energy.

[0132] The setting of the antenna array pattern beam width, excitation current, angle, etc.: first, the antenna unit can be regarded as a point source for ideal state analysis. Exemplarily, when there are two point sources 1 and 2 on the ground and there is a receiving device at a certain position P in the air, the amplitude (or also called field strength) of the point source 1 is E0, wherein E0 can be expressed by the following formula (twelve):

[0133] E0=E'0sin(θ) Formula (twelve)

[0134] Wherein, E'0 is the field strength of the linear array radiated to the position of the receiving device at the scanning angle θ, and E0 is the field strength corresponding to the point source 1. The amplitude of the point source 2 is aE0, wherein 0≤a≤1; let the phase difference of the two point sources be δ, then the total electric field E radiated by the two point sources can be expressed by the following formula (thirteen) to formula (sixteen):

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Wherein, β is the propagation coefficient, is the angle between the electric field vector sent by the ground base station to the receiving device and the ground when the receiving device is at a certain position, is the phase lobe diagram of the point source 1, is the phase lobe diagram of the point source 2.

[0138] Similarly, the point source can be extended to n point sources, each arranged on the same straight line, and the distance between adjacent point sources is d, which forms a linear array. When all point sources are isotropic and have equal amplitudes, the total field strength E of the linear array radiated to the location of the receiving device can be expressed as shown in the following formula (seventeen):

[0139]

[0140] After obtaining this formula, the radiation of the antenna array of the ground base station in the entire coordinate position of the receiving device can be further derived when the array elements have unequal amplitudes, unequal phases, and unequal distances.

[0141] The following derivation process still uses ideal point sources to replace the array elements in the array. Let the first element from left to right in the linear array be located at the origin of the imaginary coordinate system, and its coordinate is z0. The excitation current of the antenna is I0. All other array elements are arranged on the Z axis, and the coordinate of the nth-1 element on the Z axis is zn-1. The excitation current complex vector of the nth-1 element is In-1. Let the distance between the array and the receiving device be r, then the electric field generated by the nth element at the coordinate The electric field generated by the nth element at the coordinate

[0142]

[0143] where A is a loss factor related to the form of the array element, which can be understood as the difference from the ideal point source caused by the specific structure or specific working mode of the array element; is the array element factor, k = β = ω(με) 1 / 2 = 2π / λ, further, according to formula (eighteen), the total field strength E of the linear array can be derived as formula (six) to formula (eight).

[0144] Thus, the direction of the base station antenna is Figure 1 Generally expressed. When the position of the receiving device and various receiving devices with communication functions can be determined, we can obtain the three variables in the coordinate of the receiving device Substituting formula (six) to formula (eight) into formula (eighteen), by optimizing the excitation current of each array element and the distance between the array elements, the optimal solution of the radiation pattern of the entire array in the coordinate position of the receiving device can be further obtained, and the gain stability, beam width and other data of the radiation pattern can be further calculated, so as to deploy the antenna array, so that multiple beams sent by the antenna array can effectively cover multiple channel partitions.

[0145] Reference Figure 10As shown, the airspace coverage method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be set in more than one air lane height. The air lane height in the foregoing example is 10 kilometers, which can actually be divided into multiple air lane heights, and multiple coverage schemes can be set in multiple air lane heights at the same time, such as setting a low-altitude area and a high-altitude area, and setting them respectively. Due to the change of the air lane height, the transceiving antenna also changes accordingly, from the original single vibrator structure to a combined structure of multiple different high and low frequency vibrators, which helps to realize and meet the information transceiving requirements of different heights. In one possible implementation, the position and number of base stations can also be changed for optimization design.

[0146] With reference to Figure 11 As shown, the airspace coverage method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to the ground-to-air coverage communication system, which can realize the transceiving function without manual operation when responsible for transmitting and receiving signals. The signal is emitted from the signal source, reaches the antenna base station, is processed by the base station processing unit and the active radio frequency circuit, and is emitted after reaching the antenna array, and the signal is directly accepted by the passengers and crew on the aircraft without manual processing.

[0147] Not only can the communication of the crew and the communication of the passengers on board be realized at the same time, but the communication between the crew and the passengers does not interfere with each other. Moreover, the ground-to-aircraft originally needs a CPE device to realize signal transceiving, and the CPE device needs manual operation, and after using the new air lane coverage communication scheme, communication function can be realized without manual operation. The airspace coverage method provided by the embodiment of the present application has a wider communication range, and one base station can transceive a communication range of 200 km long and 20 km wide. The number of base stations is effectively reduced while ensuring flight quality, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the CPE communication system equipment described above does not need to be installed, which reduces the huge cost generated. Since multiple beams are used in each region, the antennas in each subarea of the same base station are distributed from far to near in a gradual manner. Compared with the existing air lane coverage scheme, this makes the new coverage scheme capable of seamlessly covering a larger range of airspace. After the aircraft flies over the air lane area from far to near, the coordination process between the amplitude and phase of each antenna radiation unit feed point and the corresponding beam hitting the aircraft will change accordingly with the different positions of the aircraft in the subarea. Since the system is responsible for transmitting and receiving signals, no communication equipment other than the receiving device needs to be installed on the aircraft. The cost of the ground-to-air coverage system is greatly reduced, and the flight quality is maintained. The base station coverage is large, so the number of base stations required for the same coverage area is reduced, and the cost required is reduced.

[0148] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts involved in the embodiments described above are shown in sequence according to the arrows, the steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of the steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and the steps can be executed in other sequences. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution sequence of the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be alternately or alternately executed with at least part of other steps or stages.

[0149] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a space domain coverage device for implementing the above-mentioned space domain coverage method. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more space domain coverage device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the space domain coverage method described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] In one exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 12 A space domain coverage device is provided, the target airway is divided into a plurality of airway partitions, a base station is deployed with an antenna array for transmitting a plurality of beams, the device comprises: a beam transmitting unit 1202, wherein,

[0151] The beam transmitting unit 1202 is configured to control the antenna array to transmit a plurality of beams for covering the plurality of airway partitions respectively, wherein the beam received by a receiving device in the target airway is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target airway.

[0152] The above space domain coverage device divides the target airway into a plurality of airway partitions, and uses a plurality of beams to cover each airway partition respectively. Under this design concept, the antenna array can be controlled to transmit a plurality of beams for covering the plurality of airway partitions respectively, wherein the beam received by a receiving device is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target airway. By using the space domain coverage device provided by the embodiments of the present application, the no-blind spot coverage of the airway can be realized by using multiple beams to cover each partition of the airway. The base station can directly communicate with the communication equipment on the aircraft without relying on the aircraft on-board system equipment, thereby reducing the communication cost, improving the safety of the aircraft, and effectively improving the utilization rate of aircraft resources.

[0153] In one embodiment, the plurality of beams access the same cell or the plurality of beams access different cells.

[0154] In one of the embodiments, the distance between the antenna units in the target linear array needs to be less than or equal to a target distance, which is determined based on the wavelength and the corresponding scanning angle of the target linear array.

[0155] In one of the embodiments, the beams received by the receiving device are determined based on the position of the receiving device in the target lane, including:

[0156] The receiving device receives the beams corresponding to the target lane partitions, or the base station controls the antenna array to transmit beams to the target lane partitions;

[0157] In one of the embodiments, the target lane partition is the lane partition associated with the position of the receiving device.

[0158] In one of the embodiments, the beam transmitting unit is further configured to control the antenna array to transmit a beam, and the beam changes with the position data of the receiving device.

[0159] In one of the embodiments, the multiple beams access the same cell or the multiple beams access different cells.

[0160] In one of the embodiments, the device further includes:

[0161] The first determining unit is configured to determine, for any of the lane partitions, a directional pattern of a target array in the antenna array based on the position information of the lane partition, wherein the target array includes at least one antenna unit, and the target array is used to transmit a beam to cover the lane partition.

[0162] The deploying unit is configured to deploy the target array based on the directional pattern, so that the radiation direction of the target array points to the lane partition, and the radiation field strength meets the communication requirement of the lane partition.

[0163] In one of the embodiments, the distance between the antenna units in the target array needs to be less than or equal to a target distance, which is determined based on the wavelength and the corresponding scanning angle of the target array.

[0164] In one of the embodiments, the first determining unit is further configured to:

[0165] Obtain the position information of the receiving device in the lane partition, and the position information includes the distance from the target array to the receiving device.

[0166] The modules in the above space coverage apparatus can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof, in whole or in part. The modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a memory in a computer device in software form, so as to be invoked and executed by a processor to perform the operations corresponding to the modules.

[0167] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device, which can be a terminal, has an internal structure diagram as shown in Figure 13 The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit, and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for running the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is configured to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is configured to perform wired or wireless communication with external terminals. The wireless communication can be achieved through WIFI, mobile cellular network, near field communication (NFC), or other technologies. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement a space coverage method. The display unit of the computer device is configured to form a visually visible picture, which can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer overlaid on the display screen, or a key, trackball, or touchpad arranged on the shell of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse, etc.

[0168] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 13 The structure shown in the above embodiment is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0169] In an embodiment, a computer device is also provided, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0170] In an embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the method embodiments described above.

[0171] In an embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the method embodiments described above.

[0172] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0173] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0174] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0175] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of spatial coverage, characterized by, A target channel is divided into multiple channel sub-zones, a base station is provided with an antenna array for transmitting multiple beams, and the method comprises: controlling the antenna array to transmit multiple beams for covering the multiple channel sub-zones respectively, wherein the beam received by a receiving device in the target channel is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target channel; for any channel sub-zone, obtaining position information of a receiving device in the channel sub-zone, the position information comprising a radiation distance of a target array to the receiving device, a scanning angle of the target array, and an angle between an electric field vector of the target array and the ground, wherein the target array comprises at least one antenna unit, and the target array is used for transmitting a beam to cover the channel sub-zone; substituting the radiation distance, the scanning angle, and the angle between the electric field vector and the ground into a total field strength calculation formula of the target array, and obtaining a directional diagram of the target array by optimizing excitation currents and spacings of the antenna units in the target array in the total field strength calculation formula; deploying the target array based on the directional diagram, so that the radiation direction of the target array points to the channel sub-zone, and the radiation field strength meets the communication demand of the channel sub-zone.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The beam received by the receiving device is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target channel, comprising: the receiving device receives a beam corresponding to a target channel sub-zone, or the base station controls the antenna array to transmit a beam to the target channel sub-zone; wherein the target channel sub-zone is a channel sub-zone associated with the position of the receiving device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: controlling the antenna array to transmit a beam, and the beam follows the position data of the receiving device.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The multiple beams access the same cell or the multiple beams access different cells.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The spacing between the antenna units in the target array needs to be less than or equal to a target spacing, and the target spacing is determined based on a wavelength and a corresponding scanning angle of the target array.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: for any channel sub-zone, determining a total link loss corresponding to the channel sub-zone; based on the total link loss and a preset receiving level, determining a transmission power of the target array.

7. An airspace coverage apparatus, characterized by, A target channel is divided into multiple channel sub-zones, a base station is provided with an antenna array for transmitting multiple beams, and the device comprises: a beam transmitting unit, configured to control the antenna array to transmit multiple beams for covering the multiple channel sub-zones respectively, wherein the beam received by a receiving device in the target channel is determined according to the position of the receiving device in the target channel; The first determining unit is configured to: for any of the channel sections, acquire position information of the receiving device in the channel section, the position information including a radiation distance of a target array to the receiving device, a scanning angle of the target array, and an included angle between an electric field vector of the target array and the ground, wherein the target array includes at least one antenna unit, and the target array is configured to emit a beam to cover the channel section; and substituting the radiation distance, the scanning angle, and the included angle between the electric field vector and the ground into a total field strength calculation formula of the target array, and optimizing excitation currents and spacings of each of the antenna units in the target array in the total field strength calculation formula to obtain a directional diagram of the target array. The deploying unit is configured to deploy the target array based on the directional diagram, so that a radiation direction of the target array is directed to the channel section, and a radiation field strength meets a communication requirement of the channel section.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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