Planting method for crop rotation of fructus cnidii and corn in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for fructus cnidii-corn rotation in saline-alkali soil. The planting method comprises the following steps that corn is planted in a land parcel in mid-to-late June in the solar calendar every year, fructus cnidii is planted between corn rows in mid-to-late July, corn is harvested in early October, fructus cnidii is harvested in early June in the solar calendar of the next year, and corn is planted in mid-to-late June after fructus cnidii is harvested. The fructus cnidii is high in adaptability and low in nitrogen fertilizer demand, soil nutrients can be balanced by crop rotation of the fructus cnidii and corn with high nitrogen demand, and soil nutrient imbalance caused by a single crop is avoided. Due to different growth seasons, land resources can be fully utilized through reasonable crop rotation, and the multiple cropping index of the land is increased. The fructus cnidii has a certain medicinal value, the market price is relatively high, and the economic benefits of farmers can be increased by crop rotation of the fructus cnidii and corn. And the problem of poor income caused by incapability of planting winter wheat after corn harvesting or low wheat yield due to water shortage of saline-alkali land blocks is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a planting method for the rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn in saline-alkali land. Background Art

[0002] In the saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta region, after the summer corn is harvested in some areas, due to insufficient water resources, it is impossible to plant winter wheat, or even if winter wheat is planted, due to insufficient watering conditions, the yield of winter wheat is low, resulting in a waste of land resources. Therefore, a new planting method is needed to make full use of saline-alkali land resources and improve land utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a planting method for the rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn in saline-alkali land. Since the growth seasons of Cnidium monnieri and corn are different, reasonable rotation can make full use of land resources and increase the multiple cropping index of the land.

[0004] The present invention provides a planting method for the rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn in saline-alkali land, which includes the following steps:

[0005] Plant corn in the plot in the middle and late June of each solar year, plant Cnidium monnieri between the corn rows in the middle and late July, harvest the corn in early October, harvest Cnidium monnieri in early June of the following year, and after harvesting Cnidium monnieri, plant corn in the middle and late June.

[0006] As a preferred scheme, when planting corn, the plant spacing is set to be 25 - 30 cm, and the row spacing is set to be 60 - 80 cm.

[0007] As a preferred scheme, after planting corn every year, it also includes topdressing chemical fertilizers during the critical growth period of corn.

[0008] As a preferred scheme, during the jointing stage of corn, 13 - 17 kg of urea is topdressed per mu; during the large trumpet-mouth stage of corn, 18 - 22 kg of compound fertilizer is topdressed per mu; during the filling stage of corn, 8 - 12 kg of potassium fertilizer is topdressed per mu.

[0009] As a preferred scheme, after harvesting the corn, it also includes crushing the corn straw and returning it to the field.

[0010] As a preferred scheme, the method for planting Cnidium monnieri includes the following steps:

[0011] Broadcast the seeds of Cnidium monnieri between the corn rows, cover the soil after sowing, and water.

[0012] As a preferred scheme, the thickness of the soil covering is 0.5 - 1.0 cm, and the amount of watering is 1.0 - 1.5 L / m 2 .

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the dosage of the cnidium monnieri seeds is 2 - 3 kg per mu.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the method for harvesting cnidium monnieri includes the following steps:

[0015] When 90% of the cnidium monnieri seeds are mature, harvest the cnidium monnieri. After harvesting, leave the stubble of the cnidium monnieri, crush the stems of the cnidium monnieri and turn them under the soil.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the cnidium monnieri stubble is 10 - 15 cm.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a planting method for crop rotation of cnidium monnieri - corn in saline - alkali land, including the following steps: Plant corn in the plot in the middle and late June of each solar year, plant cnidium monnieri between the corn rows in the middle and late July, harvest the corn in early October, harvest the cnidium monnieri in early June of the following year. After harvesting the cnidium monnieri, plant corn in the middle and late June. The cnidium monnieri of the present invention has strong adaptability and low demand for nitrogen fertilizer. Crop rotation with corn, which has a relatively high nitrogen demand, can balance soil nutrients and avoid soil nutrient imbalance caused by a single crop. Their growth seasons are different, and reasonable crop rotation can make full use of land resources and increase the multiple cropping index of the land. Cnidium monnieri has certain medicinal value and a relatively high market price. Crop rotation with corn can increase the economic income of farmers. Furthermore, it solves the problem in the prior art that due to water shortage in saline - alkali land, winter wheat cannot be planted after corn harvest or the wheat yield is low, resulting in poor economic returns.

[0018] Before the local rainy season arrives (mid-late July of the solar calendar), sow Cnidium monnieri seeds between the rows of corn, which can ensure the emergence rate of Cnidium monnieri. At the same time, after the emergence of Cnidium monnieri, the corn can provide shade for Cnidium monnieri, which is beneficial to the growth of Cnidium monnieri. Cnidium monnieri passes through the seedling stage between the rows of corn, undergoes winter dormancy, and is harvested in the first ten days to the middle ten days of June of the following solar calendar year; after the harvest of Cnidium monnieri and land preparation, corn is planted. The saline-alkali land is a plot with insufficient water source conditions, where winter wheat cannot be planted after the harvest of corn or the yield of winter wheat is low when planted. The present invention utilizes the saline-alkali land with insufficient water resources for the rotation planting of Cnidium monnieri and corn, and also has the following significances: after the planting of Cnidium monnieri, the seedlings of Cnidium monnieri are relatively small and will not affect the growth and harvest of corn; after the harvest of corn, the corn straw can be crushed and returned to the field. The crushed corn straw can keep warm and moisturize, protect Cnidium monnieri from winter, and the decomposed corn straw can provide nutrients for Cnidium monnieri. Cnidium monnieri has strong saline-alkali tolerance ability, and its roots can secrete some special substances such as organic acids during the growth process. These substances can combine with the salts in the soil, reduce the concentration of salts in the soil solution, and reduce the harm of salts to subsequent crops. Cnidium monnieri absorbs the salts in the soil during the growth process, and the straw is returned to the field after harvest, increasing the organic matter content in the soil, improving the soil structure, and enhancing the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, creating a better soil environment for the growth of corn. When corn grows, its roots are relatively developed and can penetrate deep into the soil layer, physically loosen the soil, improve soil aeration, and the remaining roots and fallen leaves after the harvest of corn can also supplement nutrients to the soil, further maintaining soil fertility, so that the two crops promote each other in improving the soil. The ecological environment of the saline-alkali land is special, such as the distribution of resources such as light, heat, water, and fertilizer varies in different seasons. Cnidium monnieri is sown in autumn, undergoes winter dormancy, and is harvested in summer. It can make full use of the autumn corn to shade and protect the seedlings of Cnidium monnieri, avoiding the idleness of the land in different seasons, greatly increasing the annual multiple cropping index of the land and the output per unit area, and making full and efficient use of the saline-alkali land resources. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Cnidium monnieri has a certain market value, and its planting income can bring additional economic income to farmers. As an important food and feed crop, corn has a stable market demand and relatively high yield, which can guarantee the basic economic income of farmers, improve the comprehensive economic benefits of farmers on the saline-alkali land, and contribute to the sustainable development of the agricultural economy and the increase of farmers' income in the saline-alkali land area. The rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn changes the ecological environment in the field, breaks the survival and reproduction chain of pests and diseases, and reduces the possibility of the continuous accumulation and outbreak of pests and diseases on a single crop. Through the rotation of Cnidium monnieri - corn, the coordinated development of food crops and cash crops is realized on the saline-alkali land, which not only guarantees food security but also provides raw material support for the pharmaceutical industry. Specific implementation mode

[0019] The present invention provides a planting method for the rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn in saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Plant corn in the plot in the middle and late June of the solar calendar every year, plant Cnidium monnieri between the corn rows in the middle and late July, harvest the corn in early October, harvest Cnidium monnieri in early June of the following year. After harvesting Cnidium monnieri, plant corn in the middle and late June.

[0021] Examples of the present invention show that planting Cnidium monnieri from the middle and late June to the late July has no impact on the growth of corn. The emergence rate of Cnidium monnieri planted on July 15 is relatively high, reaching 96%. This is mainly because planting Cnidium monnieri before the rainy season can ensure the emergence rate of Cnidium monnieri. Planting after the rainy season arrives will affect the emergence of Cnidium monnieri. At the same time, after the emergence of Cnidium monnieri, the corn can provide shade for Cnidium monnieri, which is beneficial to the growth of Cnidium monnieri.

[0022] When planting corn in the present invention, the plant spacing is set to be 25 - 30 cm, and the row spacing is 60 - 80 cm. As a specific implementation manner, the plant spacing can be 25 cm, 26 cm, 27 cm, 28 cm, 29 cm or 30 cm; the row spacing can be 60 cm, 61 cm, 62 cm, 63 cm, 64 cm, 65 cm, 66 cm, 67 cm, 68 cm, 69 cm, 70 cm, 71 cm, 72 cm, 73 cm, 74 cm, 75 cm, 76 cm, 77 cm, 78 cm, 79 cm or 80 cm. As a specific implementation manner, when planting corn, direct seeding can be adopted, and 2 - 3 seeds are sown in each hole, such as 2 seeds or 3 seeds; the planting density is 3500 - 4500 corn plants per mu, for example, 3500 plants, 3600 plants, 3700 plants, 3800 plants, 3900 plants, 4000 plants, 4100 plants, 4200 plants, 4300 plants, 4400 plants or 4500 plants per mu; as a specific implementation manner, the corn variety is selected as a variety suitable for local planting, such as Zhengdan 958.

[0023] After planting corn every year in the present invention, it also includes topdressing chemical fertilizers during the critical growth period of corn. As a specific implementation manner, during the jointing stage of corn, 13 - 17 kg of urea is topdressed per mu, such as 13 kg, 14 kg, 15 kg, 16 kg or 17 kg; during the large bell-mouth stage of corn, 18 - 22 kg of compound fertilizer is topdressed per mu, such as 18 kg, 19 kg, 20 kg, 21 kg or 22 kg; during the filling stage of corn, 8 - 12 kg of potassium fertilizer is topdressed per mu, such as 8 kg, 9 kg, 10 kg, 11 kg or 12 kg.

[0024] After planting corn every year, it is necessary to check and supplement seedlings in time during the seedling stage of corn to ensure a full stand of seedlings, and water in time according to soil moisture and weather conditions, especially during the critical water demand periods from jointing to tasseling and from tasseling to filling. As a specific implementation method, during the period from jointing to tasseling of corn, the appropriate soil moisture content is 70% - 80% of the field water holding capacity, such as 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79% or 80%; during the period from tasseling to filling, the appropriate soil moisture content is usually 75% - 85% of the field water holding capacity, such as 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79% or 80%.

[0025] After planting corn every year in the present invention, the corn borer can be controlled by dropping phoxim granules into the heart leaves at the late stage of the corn heart leaf stage; the usage method of the phoxim granules is as follows: use 1.5% phoxim granules, with a dosage of 1 - 2 g per plant and put it into the heart leaves, such as 1 g or 2 g per plant put into the heart leaves; or use a dosage of 1.5 - 2.0 kg per mu to drop into the heart leaves, such as 1.5 kg, 1.6 kg, 1.7 kg, 1.8 kg, 1.9 kg or 2.0 kg per mu to drop into the heart leaves; when using, the "three - finger pinch" method can be adopted to sprinkle the granules into the corn heart leaves. The northern leaf blight can be controlled by spraying agents such as carbendazim at the initial stage of the disease. For 50% carbendazim wettable powder, the dosage per mu is 100 g, and it is diluted with 50 - 60 kg of water and then sprayed, such as diluted with 50 kg, 51 kg, 52 kg, 53 kg, 54 kg, 55 kg, 56 kg, 57 kg, 58 kg, 59 kg or 60 kg of water.

[0026] After harvesting the corn in the present invention, it also includes crushing the corn straw and returning it to the field. As a specific implementation method, when the milk line of the corn kernels disappears and the black layer appears, the corn can be harvested; as a specific implementation method, the crushing of the corn straw and returning it to the field means that after crushing the corn straw, it is sprayed on the surface of the plot. The crushed corn straw in the present invention can keep warm and moisturize, protect cnidium fruit from winter, and the decomposed corn straw can provide nutrients for cnidium fruit.

[0027] The method for planting cnidium fruit in the present invention includes the following steps: sowing cnidium fruit seeds in the rows between corn plants, covering the soil after sowing, and watering. As a specific implementation method, the thickness of the covered soil is 0.5 - 1.0 cm, such as 0.5 cm, 0.6 cm, 0.7 cm, 0.8 cm, 0.9 cm or 1.0 cm; the amount of watering is 1.0 - 1.5 L / m 2 such as 1.0 L / m 2 、1.1 L / m 2 、1.2 L / m 2 、1.3 L / m 2 、1.4 L / m 2 or 1.5 L / m 2As a specific implementation method, the dosage of the cnidium monnieri seeds is 2 - 3 kg per mu, such as 2 kg per mu or 3 kg per mu. As a specific implementation method, cnidium monnieri is planted in the first year and does not need to be replanted in the following 3 - 4 years. As a specific implementation method, cnidium monnieri needs shading during the seedling stage, and tall corn just provides growth conditions for it.

[0028] As a specific implementation method, at the initial stage of the leaf spot disease of cnidium monnieri, it can be controlled by spraying with 500 - fold solution of 40% carbendazim once a week for 3 consecutive times; powdery mildew can be controlled by triadimefon, and 25% triadimefon wettable powder is diluted 1500 - 2000 times for spraying, for example, the dilution multiple can be 1500 times, 1600 times, 1700 times, 1800 times, 1900 times or 2000 times. The main pests of cnidium monnieri are the variegated green caterpillar and the sticky caterpillar, which can be killed by phoxim and fenvalerate; phoxim: 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 1000 - 1500 times for spraying, for example, the dilution multiple can be 1000 times, 1100 times, 1200 times, 1300 times, 1400 times or 1500 times; fenvalerate: 2.5% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate is diluted 2000 - 3000 times for spraying, for example, the dilution multiple can be 2000 times, 2100 times, 2200 times, 2300 times, 2400 times, 2500 times, 2600 times, 2700 times, 2800 times, 2900 times or 3000 times.

[0029] The method for harvesting cnidium monnieri according to the present invention includes the following steps: when 90% of the cnidium monnieri seeds are mature, select a sunny day to cut the upper seed branches, dry them in the sun, thresh them and remove impurities. After harvesting, leave the stubble of cnidium monnieri, and crush the cnidium monnieri stalks and turn them over and return them to the field. As a specific implementation method, the height of the cnidium monnieri stubble is 10 - 15 cm, such as 10 cm, 11 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm, 14 cm or 15 cm. As a specific implementation method, when comparing the stubble heights of 0 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm, it is found that as the stubble height increases, the soil organic matter content shows an upward trend, indicating that a higher stubble height is beneficial to the accumulation of soil organic matter; the higher the stubble height, the more obvious the reduction of the soil total salt content, indicating that a higher stubble height has a better effect in inhibiting soil salinity; and a higher stubble height is beneficial to plant growth and the improvement of soil quality.

[0030] As a specific implementation, cnidium monnieri absorbs salts in the soil during its growth process. After harvest, the straw is crushed and plowed back into the field, increasing the organic matter content in the soil, improving the soil structure, enhancing the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, and creating a better soil environment for the growth of maize. When maize grows, its roots are relatively developed and can penetrate deep into the soil layer, physically loosening the soil and improving soil aeration. Moreover, the residual roots and fallen leaves after maize harvest can also supplement nutrients to the soil, further maintaining soil fertility, enabling the two crops to promote each other in terms of soil improvement.

[0031] To further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a planting method of cnidium monnieri - maize rotation in saline - alkali land provided by the present invention in combination with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special requirements for the preparation raw materials, and commercially available products well - known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Effects of different planting times of cnidium monnieri on emergence rate, maize growth and soil nutrients

[0035] (I) Test materials

[0036] Test field: Select a farmland with flat terrain, medium and uniform fertility, and convenient drainage and irrigation. The test site is located at the Chuangyuan Planting Farmers' Professional Cooperative in Wudi County.

[0037] Crop varieties: For cnidium monnieri, a local excellent variety, genuine cnidium monnieri, and for maize, Zhengdan 958.

[0038] (II) Test design

[0039] Setting of planting time: Set 4 treatment groups for the planting time of cnidium monnieri, which are respectively:

[0040] Treatment A: Plant on June 20th in the Gregorian calendar

[0041] Treatment B: Plant on July 1st in the Gregorian calendar

[0042] Treatment C: Plant on July 15th in the Gregorian calendar

[0043] Treatment D: Plant on July 30th in the Gregorian calendar

[0044] Plot setting: Each treatment is set with 4 replicates, totaling 16 plots. The area of each plot is 30 m 2 (length 6 m × width 5 m). A 1.5 - m - wide isolation belt is set between plots to prevent interference between different treatments. The intercropping mode of cnidium monnieri and maize is adopted. Each plot plants 4 rows of maize, with a row spacing of 60 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm; cnidium monnieri is sown between the maize rows.

[0045] During the entire growth period, unified field management was carried out in each plot, including fertilization, pest and disease control, etc. Fertilization was carried out according to the local conventional fertilization rate, and green prevention and control technologies were used for pest and disease control to ensure the normal growth of crops and avoid affecting the test results due to management differences.

[0046] (III) Data collection

[0047] 1. Cnidium monnieri emergence rate: 15 days after sowing Cnidium monnieri, count the emergence number of Cnidium monnieri in each plot and calculate the emergence rate. Emergence rate (%) = (actual emergence number / sowing number) × 100.

[0048] 2. Maize growth indicators: Measure the plant height of maize at the jointing stage, tasseling stage, and filling stage respectively. Randomly select 10 maize plants in each plot for measurement and take the average value.

[0049] 3. Soil nutrient content: On August 30, soil samples of the 0 - 20 cm soil layer were collected from each plot using the five - point sampling method. After mixing evenly, determine the contents of soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Soil organic matter was determined by the potassium dichromate oxidation method (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Soil testing - Part 6: Determination of soil organic matter: NY / T 1121.6 - 2006[S]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2006.); Alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen was determined by the alkaline diffusion method (State Forestry Administration. Determination of nitrogen in forest soil: LY / T 1228 - 2015[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2016.); Available phosphorus was determined by the sodium bicarbonate extraction - molybdenum antimony anti - colorimetric method (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Soil testing - Part 7: Determination of soil available phosphorus: NY / T 1121.7 - 2014[S]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2015.); Available potassium was determined by the ammonium acetate extraction - flame photometry method (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Determination of available potassium and slow - acting potassium content in soil: NY / T 889 - 2004[S]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2005.).

[0050] III. Test data and analysis

[0051] (I) Cnidium monnieri emergence rate

[0052] The results of the Cnidium monnieri emergence rate are shown in Table 1. Through variance analysis, the emergence rate of treatment C was significantly higher than that of treatment D (P < 0.05), indicating that the emergence situation of Cnidium monnieri planted on July 15 was relatively better. In treatment A, watering was not possible after broadcasting, and in treatment D, Cnidium monnieri was soaked in water.

[0053] Table 1 Cnidium monnieri emergence rate

[0054] Treatment Seeding number (grains) Emergence number (plants) Emergence rate (%) Treatment A 500 420 84 Treatment B 500 450 90 Treatment C 500 480 96 Treatment D 500 380 76

[0055] (2) Maize growth indicators (taking plant height as an example, the trends of other indicators are similar)

[0056] The measurement results of maize growth indicators are shown in Table 2. The analysis of variance shows that the plant height of maize in treatment B at each growth stage is significantly higher than that in treatment D (P<0.05), and the difference is not large. Cnidium monnieri does not affect maize growth.

[0057] Table 2 Maize growth indicators

[0058] Treatment Plant height at jointing stage (cm) Plant height at tasseling stage (cm) Plant height at filling stage (cm) Treatment A 60 120 180 Treatment B 65 125 185 Treatment C 63 123 183 Treatment D 58 118 178

[0059] (3) Soil nutrient content

[0060] The measurement results of soil nutrient content are shown in Table 3. Treatment C is relatively high in terms of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents, and there are significant differences with treatments A and D (P<0.05). Cnidium monnieri growth requires nutrients, and the nutrients required for the growth of Cnidium monnieri in treatment C are lower.

[0061] Table 3 Soil nutrient content

[0062] Treatment Organic matter (g / kg) Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg / kg) Available phosphorus (mg / kg) Available potassium (mg / kg) Treatment A 26.5 175.7 28.1 477 Treatment B 27.1 181.7 31.2 487 Treatment C 26.9 179.3 33.8 493 Treatment D 26.8 176.2 30.9 483

[0063] It can be seen from the above experiments that different sowing times of Cnidium monnieri have significant effects on emergence rate, maize growth and soil nutrients. When Cnidium monnieri is sown on July 15, its emergence rate is the highest. Under the intercropping mode with maize, the growth condition of maize is the best, and the change of soil nutrient content is not obvious. Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, July 15 is a more suitable sowing time for Cnidium monnieri.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Setting of stubble height: Set 4 different treatments of stubble height, which are respectively:[[]]

[0066] Treatment A: Stubble height 0 cm (harvested flush with the ground);

[0067] Treatment B: Stubble height 5 cm;

[0068] Treatment C: Stubble height 10 cm;

[0069] Treatment D: Stubble height 15 cm;

[0070] Plot setting: Each treatment is set with 3 replicates, a total of 12 plots, and the area of each plot is 20 m 2 (length 5 m × width 4 m). A 1 m wide isolation belt is set between plots to prevent mutual interference between different treatments.

[0071] Location: Wudi County Chuangyuan Planting Farmers Professional Cooperative.

[0072] (3) Experiment implementation

[0073] Planting of Cnidium monnieri: Broadcast sow between the rows of corn on July 15th in the Gregorian calendar. After sowing, carry out unified field management, including watering, fertilizing, pest and disease control, etc., to ensure the normal growth of Cnidium monnieri.

[0074] Harvesting treatment: Harvest on June 12th of the following Gregorian calendar year according to the set stubble height. After harvesting, remove the above-ground part from the experimental field to avoid interfering with subsequent soil testing.

[0075] (IV) Collection and analysis of soil samples

[0076] Sampling time: Collect soil samples after harvesting Cnidium monnieri. At this time, after the natural action of a winter, the physical and chemical properties of the soil change significantly.

[0077] Sampling method: Adopt the five-point sampling method in each plot to collect soil samples from the 0 - 20 cm soil layer. Mix the 5 collected soil samples evenly, put them into a sealed bag, and take them back to the laboratory for analysis.

[0078] Determination of soil organic matter content: Use the potassium dichromate oxidation method to determine the soil organic matter content. The specific operation steps are as follows: Accurately weigh a certain amount of air-dried soil sample into a test tube, add an excessive amount of potassium dichromate solution and concentrated sulfuric acid, and heat and oxidize the organic matter in the soil under the condition of an oil bath. After the reaction ends, titrate the remaining potassium dichromate with a ferrous sulfate standard solution, and calculate the soil organic matter content according to the volume of the consumed ferrous sulfate solution.

[0079] Determination of soil total salt content: Use the conductivity method to determine the soil total salt content. Mix the collected soil sample with water in a certain proportion, shake it evenly, and then measure the conductivity of the supernatant. Calculate the soil total salt content according to the conversion relationship between the conductivity and the soil total salt content.

[0080] Growth performance of corn: Yield measurement of corn.

[0081] III. Test results

[0082] (I) Influence of different stubble heights on soil organic matter content

[0083] The influence of different stubble heights on soil organic matter content is shown in Table 4. Through variance analysis, it shows that there are significant differences in soil organic matter content among different stubble height treatments (P < 0.05). The soil organic matter content of treatment D (stubble height 15 cm) is the highest, significantly higher than that of treatment A (harvested at ground level). With the increase of the stubble height, the soil organic matter content shows an upward trend, indicating that a higher stubble height is beneficial to the accumulation of soil organic matter.

[0084] Table 4 Influence of different stubble heights on soil organic matter content

[0085] Treatment Soil organic matter content (g / kg) Increase ratio compared with initial content (%) Treatment A 19 0 Treatment B 21 11 Treatment C 22.5 18 Treatment D 23 21

[0086] (2) Effects of Different Stubble Heights on Soil Total Salt Content

[0087] The effects of different stubble heights on soil total salt content are shown in Table 5. The results of variance analysis show that the effects of different stubble height treatments on soil total salt content are significantly different (P<0.05). The soil total salt content of Treatment D (stubble height 15 cm) is the lowest, and the reduction ratio compared to the initial content is the largest. The higher the stubble height, the more obvious the reduction of soil total salt content, indicating that a higher stubble height has a better effect on inhibiting soil salinity.

[0088] Table 5 Effects of Different Stubble Heights on Soil Total Salt Content

[0089] Treatment Total soil salt content (g / kg) Decrease ratio compared with initial content (%) Treatment A 0.35 0 Treatment B 0.32 9 Treatment C 0.28 25 Treatment D 0.27 30

[0090] (3) Effects of Different Stubble Heights on Crop Growth Performance

[0091] The results of the effects of different stubble heights on crop growth performance are shown in Table 6. The results of variance analysis show that the effects of different stubble height treatments on corn are significantly different (P<0.05). The corn yield of Treatment D (stubble height 15 cm) is the highest, and the increase ratio is the largest, indicating that a higher stubble height is beneficial to plant growth and the improvement of soil quality.

[0092] Table 6 Effects of Different Stubble Heights on Crop Growth Performance

[0093] Treatment Maize yield (kg / mu) Increase ratio compared with initial yield (%) Treatment A 420 0 Treatment B 443 5 Treatment C 454 8 Treatment D 461 10

[0094] The results show that different stubble heights of Cnidium monnieri have significant effects on soil organic matter content, soil total salt content, and corn yield. With the increase of stubble height, the soil organic matter content gradually increases, the soil total salt content gradually decreases, and the corn yield increases. However, this experiment was only carried out under specific regions and conditions.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] A planting method for the rotation of Cnidium monnieri and corn in saline-alkali land, the steps are as follows:

[0097] a) Selection of plots: Select plots where the lack of water resources makes it impossible to grow winter wheat.

[0098] b) Corn planting

[0099] Plant corn on June 15th of the solar calendar. Select Zhengdan 958 as the corn variety. Sow 2 seeds per hole, with a plant spacing of 25 cm and a row spacing of 60 cm. In the seedling stage of corn, check and supplement seedlings in time to ensure a full stand of seedlings. Water in time according to soil moisture and weather conditions, especially during the critical water demand periods from jointing to tasseling and from tasseling to filling (during the jointing to tasseling stage of corn, the suitable soil moisture content is 70% of the field capacity; during the tasseling to filling stage, the suitable soil moisture content is usually 75% of the field capacity). During the jointing stage, top-dress 15 kg of urea per mu; during the large trumpet mouth stage, top-dress 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; during the filling stage, top-dress 10 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu.

[0100] After planting corn, the corn borer can be controlled by dropping phoxim granules into the heart leaves at the late heart leaf stage of corn. The usage method of phoxim granules is to use 1.5% phoxim granules and adopt the method of "pinching with three fingers" to sprinkle the granules into the corn heart leaves, with a dosage of 1 g per plant put into the heart leaves. The large leaf spot disease can be controlled by spraying agents such as carbendazim at the initial stage of the disease. For 50% carbendazim wettable powder, the dosage per mu is 100 g, and it is diluted with 60 kg of water and then sprayed. When the milk line of the corn kernels disappears and the black layer appears, the corn can be harvested. The corn straw is crushed and returned to the field, that is, after the corn straw is crushed, it is sprayed on the surface of the plot to protect Cnidium monnieri from winter.

[0101] c) Planting Cnidium monnieri

[0102] Select high-quality and plump Cnidium monnieri seeds. Broadcast them between the corn rows on July 20th of the solar calendar. After broadcasting, cover with 0.5 cm of soil and water according to the amount of 1.5 L / m 2 . Control the seeding rate per mu at 3 kg. The seedling stage of Cnidium monnieri needs shading, and the tall corn just provides growth conditions for it.

[0103] The main diseases of Cnidium monnieri are leaf spot disease and powdery mildew. At the initial stage of leaf spot disease, it can be controlled by spraying 500-fold liquid of 40% carbendazim once a week for 3 consecutive times; powdery mildew can be controlled by triadimefon. For 25% triadimefon wettable powder, the dilution multiple is 1500-fold liquid for spraying control. Pests: The main pests are patterned green worms and wrapped cutworms, which can be killed by phoxim and fenvalerate. Phoxim: Use 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate with a dilution multiple of 1000-fold liquid for spraying, and fenvalerate: Use 2.5% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate with a dilution multiple of 2000-fold liquid for spraying. During the first and middle ten days of June, when 90% of the Cnidium monnieri seeds are mature, select a sunny day to cut the upper seed branches, dry them in the sun, thresh them and remove impurities. Leave a stubble height of 15 cm, crush the stems and turn them over and return them to the field as green manure to improve soil organic matter and inhibit the rise of salt.

[0104] Using the method described in the present invention, the corn yield per mu is 420 kg / mu, with a value of 840 yuan. The yield of cnidium fruit per mu is 100 kg, and the market price is 25 yuan / kg, with a value of 2500 yuan. If wheat is not planted, there is no income. If wheat is planted, the average wheat yield per mu in Wudi County and Zhanhua District is 300 kg, with a value of about 700 yuan. After deducting seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, machinery, etc., there is almost no profit.

[0105] Thus, the present invention can achieve the efficient utilization of saline-alkali land with insufficient irrigation conditions and the shading effect of corn. For farmers, it increases the income from cnidium fruit. The utilization of cnidium fruit straw increases the soil nutrients in the saline-alkali land, and the fertilized soil in turn increases the yield of corn.

[0106] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting Cnidium monnieri-corn rotation in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Corn is planted in the fields in mid-to-late June of the Gregorian calendar every year, Cnidium monnieri is planted between the corn rows in mid-to-late July, the corn is harvested in early October, and the Cnidium monnieri is harvested in early June of the following year. After the Cnidium monnieri is harvested, corn is planted in mid-to-late June.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When planting corn, the plant spacing is set to 25-30 cm and the row spacing is set to 60-80 cm.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After planting corn every year, it also includes applying fertilizer during the critical growth period of corn.

4. The planting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the jointing stage of corn, apply 13-17 kg of urea per mu; during the tasseling stage of corn, apply 18-22 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; during the filling stage of corn, apply 8-12 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes crushing the corn stalks and returning them to the field after harvesting the corn.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for planting Cnidium monnieri comprises the following steps: Sow the seeds of Cnidium monnieri between the corn rows, cover with soil and water after sowing.

7. The planting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the soil covering is 0.5-1.0 cm, and the amount of watering is 1.0-1.5 L / m 2 .

8. The planting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dosage of the Cnidium monnieri seeds is 2-3 kg / mu.

9. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for harvesting the Fructus Cnidium monnieri comprises the following steps: When 90% of the seeds of the Cnidium monnieri are mature, the Cnidium monnieri are harvested. After harvesting, the Cnidium monnieri are left as stubble, and the stems of the Cnidium monnieri are crushed and turned over and returned to the field.

10. The planting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The height of the Cnidium monnieri stubble is 10 to 15 cm.