Dust-containing gas fine particle coalescence auxiliary device based on Tesla valve principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust-containing gas fine particle coalescence auxiliary device based on a Tesla valve principle, and belongs to the technical field of particulate matter treatment. The invention aims to provide the dust-containing gas fine particle coalescence auxiliary device based on the Tesla valve principle, which is used for coalescing extremely tiny particles (PM2.5) and below into larger particles according to the Tesla valve principle, so that the particles can be conveniently removed by common equipment. The device comprises a Tesla valve, a mounting buckle, an annular air guide fixing support and an air inlet adjusting mechanism. According to the invention, a set of mechanical equipment is designed by applying the principle of a Tesla valve, and the flue gas (waste gas) passes through the equipment, so that extremely tiny particles (PM2.5) and below are effectively coalesced, that is, the tiny particles are gathered into larger particles (such as PM10 or above); therefore, the device can be easily removed by adopting the existing conventional equipment, so that not only is the cost greatly reduced, but also the device is easy to maintain and can be operated without very professional personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of particulate matter treatment. Background Art

[0002] PM2.5 refers to fine particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 micrometers (μm), which is approximately 1 / 30 of the width of a human hair. These particles are small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream, posing a significant risk to health. Their sources are numerous, and the exhaust gases generated by coal-fired power plants, industrial production processes, biomass combustion, etc. are one of the major factors polluting the environment. It has a huge impact on the environment and human health, and accordingly, corresponding standards have been designated globally.

[0003] According to existing standards, each factory has accordingly carried out industrial upgrades, that is, a large number of dust removal technologies have been adopted, such as electrostatic dust removal, bag dust removal, non-woven fabric dust removal, cross-channel dust removal, adsorption dust removal, and many other dust removal methods or devices. However, through collecting most of the data, it can be seen that most of them can only remove particulate matter around PM10, and extremely tiny particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below it in the dust are basically not effectively removed and are discharged into the atmosphere.

[0004] In order to remove extremely tiny particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below it, the currently more mainstream method is to use a negative ion generator (such as Chinese Patent CN201420645124.0). However, in actual applications, its cost is extremely high, and its use and maintenance require strict professionals. Therefore, it has not been popularized in the actual market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fine particulate matter aggregation auxiliary device for dust-containing gas based on the principle of Tesla valve, which aggregates extremely tiny particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter below it into larger particles, so as to be conveniently removed by ordinary equipment.

[0006] The present invention includes a Tesla valve, mounting buckles, and also includes an annular air guide fixing bracket and an air intake adjustment mechanism; Annular air guide fixing bracket: A herringbone one-to-three channel is opened inside the annular air guide fixing bracket. Corresponding to both ends and the middle of the herringbone one-to-three channel, herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are opened. The herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are divided into ventilation outlets and ventilation inlets, and the ventilation inlets are connected to the air outlets of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves; A bearing fixing sleeve is installed on the annular air guide fixing bracket, and the air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve through a bearing; Intake air regulating mechanism: An air outlet channel is opened on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device, and the intake port ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves are butt-jointed and installed on the air outlet channel; the bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device is butt-jointed and installed with the mounting table of the middle ring hole of the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover, and there is an annular supporting platform on the inner ring of the mounting table; there is a cylindrical control valve inside the fixed sleeve device, the bottom of the cylindrical control valve rests on the annular supporting platform, a gas guiding round hole corresponding to the air outlet channel at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve, gas guiding long slits corresponding to the air outlet channels in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device are opened in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve, a tooth groove is opened at the top end of the cylindrical control valve, the teeth of the gear are fitted and installed in the tooth groove, and the gear seals the top end of the cylindrical control valve at the upper end, a control valve rotating shaft is installed in the gear shaft hole in the middle of the gear, the control valve rotating shaft passes through the perforation at the top of the fixed sleeve device, and a control valve rotation control device is installed at the top end; fins are installed on the pipe side wall of the first row of reverse Tesla valves.

[0007] The present invention applies the principle of the Tesla valve to design a set of mechanical equipment, and through passing flue gas (waste gas) through this equipment, extremely tiny particulate matters (PM2.5) and particulate matters below it can be effectively aggregated, that is, these tiny particles are converged into larger particles (such as PM10 or above), so that they can be easily removed by using existing conventional equipment, which not only greatly reduces the cost, but also is easy to maintain, and does not require very professional personnel to operate. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the annular air guiding fixed bracket of the present invention; Figure 3 is the side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed sleeve device and the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover of the present invention; Figure 5 is the sectional view of the structure of the fixed sleeve device and the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover of the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical control valve of the present invention; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the gear of the present invention; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the fixed sleeve device of the present invention; Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover of the present invention; Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the first row of reverse Tesla valves installed with fins of the present invention; Figure 11Right view of the first row of reverse Tesla valves with fins installed in the present invention Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the application environment of the present invention; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure and flow direction of the Tesla valve, where a is forward flow and b is reverse flow. Detailed implementation manner

[0009] The present invention includes a Tesla valve and a mounting buckle 4. The Tesla Valve is shown in Figure 13 , which is a non-moving part one-way valve based on fluid dynamics. Its design allows fluid to flow with low resistance in one direction and generates high resistance in the opposite direction to prevent backflow. When flowing forward, the fluid smoothly passes along the designed path with less kinetic energy loss and lower pressure drop (see a in Figure 13 ). When flowing backward, the fluid generates vortices and turbulence due to sudden path changes, resulting in significant pressure drop and energy dissipation, effectively preventing backflow (see b in Figure 13 ). The present invention applies the forward and reverse principles of the Tesla valve and uses three rows to flow the flue gas. When the flue gas passes through the top row (the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3), it is in reverse flow, and when the flue gas passes through the second and third rows (the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2), it is in forward flow. The mounting buckle 4 is an auxiliary device that facilitates the installation of the device of the present invention in the flue gas pipeline. See Figure 12 , where B in the figure is the device of the present invention, which is installed in the flue gas discharge channel D. After extremely fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and below is effectively agglomerated into fine particles (PM10 or above) through collision by passing through the device of the present invention, it enters a conventional ordinary dust removal device C for dust removal. The ordinary dust removal device C can be a bag filter, non-woven fabric dust removal, through-channel dust removal, adsorption dust removal, etc.

[0010] The present invention mainly designs two parts: an annular air guiding and fixing bracket 1 and an air intake regulating mechanism. As can be seen from Figure 1 , the annular air guiding and fixing bracket 1 and the air intake regulating mechanism of the present invention are connected by three rows of Tesla valves (the present invention takes three rows as an example for illustration. In actual application, the number of rows or columns can be increased according to needs, and corresponding other structures need to be increased).

[0011] Annular air guiding and fixing bracket 1: A herringbone one-to-three channel 8 is opened inside the annular air guiding and fixing bracket 1. Herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are opened at both ends and in the middle corresponding to the herringbone one-to-three channel 8. The herringbone one-to-three ventilation holes are divided into a ventilation outlet 7 and a ventilation inlet 9. The ventilation inlet 9 is connected to the air outlet of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2.

[0012] See Figure 2, is a schematic diagram of the single structure of the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. This part is mainly the connection part between the air outlet ends of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 and the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. Inside the inner wall of the annular air guide fixing bracket 1, there is a herringbone-like channel (herringbone one-to-three channel 8). Three holes are set in the channel, namely the ventilation inlet 9 at the apex of the herringbone and the two air outlet openings (ventilation outlets 7) at the bottoms of both ends of the herringbone. From Figure 2 It can be seen that each herringbone one-to-three channel corresponds to a forward Tesla valve. That is to say, the air outlet end of the Tesla valve (the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2) is butted on the ventilation inlet 9. During actual processing, for convenience, sometimes the ventilation inlet 9 is directly drilled through, that is, the annular air guide fixing bracket 1 directly penetrates a ventilation inlet 9. However, during use, the inner hole of the ventilation inlet 9 is butted against the forward Tesla valve, and the outer hole opening needs to be blocked to prevent the flue gas from being directly blown out from the outside of the ventilation inlet 9 without passing through the herringbone one-to-three channel 8. In this way, the flue gas can only enter from the ventilation inlet 9, and then be split to the ventilation outlets 7 through the herringbone one-to-three channel 8. The ventilation outlets 7 can be through holes, with air flowing out both inside and outside, or one side can be blocked and the other side can let out air. Sometimes when the internal pressure is too high, the outer opening of the ventilation inlet 9 can also be opened, so that the flue gas will be discharged from both the outer port of the ventilation inlet 9 and the ventilation outlets 7 at the same time.

[0013] In the present invention, a bearing fixing sleeve 6 is installed on the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. The air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve 6 through a bearing.

[0014] This part is the connection method between the air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the annular air guide fixing bracket 1. The first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the bearing fixing sleeve 6 are installed through a bearing. In this way, the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 rotates relative to the annular air guide fixing bracket 1.

[0015] The intake air regulating mechanism of the present invention: An air outlet channel 11 is formed on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5, and the intake port ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 are butt-joint installed on the air outlet channel 11; the bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device 5 is butt-joint installed with the mounting table 24 of the middle ring hole of the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover 10, and there is an annular support table 23 on the inner ring of the mounting table 24; inside the fixed sleeve device 5, there is a cylindrical control valve 15, the bottom of the cylindrical control valve 15 is placed on the annular support table 23, and a gas guiding round hole 17 corresponding to the air outlet channel 11 at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5 is formed at the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve 15, and gas guiding long slots 16 corresponding to the air outlet channels 11 in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device 5 are formed in the middle and at the bottom of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve 15. A tooth groove 18 is formed at the top of the cylindrical control valve 15, and the teeth 19 of the gear 14 are fitted and installed in the tooth groove 18, and the gear 14 seals the top of the cylindrical control valve 15 at the upper end. A control valve rotating shaft 13 is installed in the gear shaft hole 20 in the middle of the gear 14. The control valve rotating shaft 13 passes through the through hole 21 at the top of the fixed sleeve device 5, and a control valve rotation control device 12 is installed at the top end; fins 22 are installed on the pipe side wall of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3.

[0016] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 , three rows of holes (air outlet channels 11) are formed in the fixed sleeve device 5. The top row of holes corresponds to the installation of one end of the intake port of the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and is installed through a bearing. Even without a bearing, it is okay as long as it can ensure that the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 can rotate and maintain a seal. The second and third rows of holes correspond to the insertion of one end of the intake ports of the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2. In this way, the gas inside the fixed sleeve device 5 can only enter the Tesla valves.

[0017] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 , three rows of holes in two forms are formed in the cylindrical control valve 15. These three rows of holes respectively correspond to the three rows of holes on the fixed sleeve device 5. But see Figure 6 , the three rows of holes on the cylindrical control valve 15 are respectively the first row of round holes (gas guiding round holes 17), and the second and third rows are oval holes (gas guiding long slots 16). The top row of round holes corresponds to the first air outlet channel 11 on the fixed sleeve device 5, and the second and third rows of oval holes correspond to the second and third air outlet channels 11 on the fixed sleeve device 5. Through this form of design, when the cylindrical control valve 15 is rotated and turned by a certain angle, the gas guiding round hole 17 will be misaligned with the first air outlet channel 11 and will not communicate, but for small-angle fluctuations, the gas guiding long slots 16 always remain in communication with the second and third air outlet channels 11.

[0018] The toothed grooves designed on the cylindrical control valve 15 and the matching structure of the gear 14 are designed to facilitate the design of a mechanism for rotating the cylindrical control valve 15. The control valve rotation control device 12 is an external toggle device that can be rotated by a motor, manual, etc. This toggle does not require a large angle, as long as the air guide circular hole 17 can be staggered with the first exhaust air channel 11, but the second and third rows of air guide long slots 16 and the second and third rows of outlet channels 11 must always be kept unobstructed. When the control valve rotation control device 12 rotates, it is transmitted to the gear 14 through the control valve shaft 13, and the gear 14 drives the cylindrical control valve 15 meshing with it to rotate synchronously.

[0019] See Figure 9 The speed increasing guide horn cover 10 is a horn-shaped cover body, the horn mouth of the speed increasing guide horn cover 10 faces downward in the direction of the smoke and inhales the smoke. The speed increasing guide horn cover 10 is fixed and sealed on the bottom of the fixed sleeve device 5 through the mounting platform 24. There is an annular support platform 23 coaxial with the inner circle of the mounting platform 24, which is used to support the bottom of the cylindrical control valve 15 inside the fixed sleeve device 5 from below to prevent the cylindrical control valve 15 from falling, while ensuring that the speed increasing guide port 25 in the center of the annular support platform 23 is connected to the inside of the cylindrical control valve 15.

[0020] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 The first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 is equipped with fins 22, which are similar to fan fins and can rotate when the wind blows. Figure 1 It can be seen that each Tesla valve in the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves 2 are installed in a staggered manner. Therefore, when the smoke that has not been absorbed by the speed-increasing guide horn cover 10 enters between the outer aid of the speed-increasing guide horn cover 10 and the inner wall of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, it will be affected by the rising force of the rising smoke and push the wing 22, thereby causing the first row of reverse Tesla valves 3 to rotate.

[0021] See Figure 12 The agglomeration device of the present invention is installed on the inner wall of the smoke emission channel of the smoke exhaust equipment through the installation buckle 4. After laboratory simulation experiments, the device of the present invention can agglomerate most of the extremely small particles (PM2.5) and particles below in the smoke.

[0022] The present invention is placed at the outlet of the chimney. Since the flue gas enters the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover 10 from below, and this structure is a horn shape with a large inlet and a small outlet, it will provide a speed-increasing effect for the flue gas entering from below, thereby improving the intake efficiency. Since the diffusion speed of the flue gas in the vertical direction is much greater than that in the horizontal direction during the diffusion process, the gas in the middle part of the flue gas will have a faster flow rate, so there will be no gas blockage when entering the speed-increasing and flow-guiding horn cover 10. When the flue gas enters the intake fixed sleeve device 5, the flue gas passes through the reverse Tesla valve 3 of one layer. Due to the generation of eddy currents and turbulence by the fluid due to the sudden change of the path during reverse flow, significant pressure drop and energy dissipation are caused, effectively preventing backflow, and enabling the particulate reverse Tesla valve 3 to effectively coalesce to form large particles and be discharged. The flue gas entering the forward Tesla valve 2 is directly discharged into the annular air guide fixed bracket 1 and is divided into three paths through the herringbone one-to-three channel 8 from the ventilation inlet 9 and discharged from the ventilation outlet 7. When the reverse Tesla valve 3 cannot work due to particle accumulation inside, the control valve rotation control device 12 can be used to turn the rotary cylindrical control valve 15 by a certain angle driven by the gear 14. Since the first row of round holes is at the top of the side wall of the rotary cylindrical control valve 15 and the second and third rows are oval holes, when turned by a certain angle, the air guide round hole 17 will be misaligned with the first exhaust gas channel 11 and not communicate, but for small-angle fluctuations, the air guide long slot hole 16 always remains in communication with the exhaust gas channels 11 of the second and third rows. Since there is a fin 22 structure on the reverse Tesla valve 3, it can drive itself to rotate when the flue gas blows upward. And the reverse Tesla valve 3 of one layer is installed at a certain angle. In this way, it can be ensured that under the condition that the forward Tesla valves 2 of the second and third layers work normally, the reverse Tesla valve 3 of one layer rotates by itself driven by the flue gas to discharge the particles accumulated inside, completing the cleaning.

[0023] Since each exhaust gas channel of the second and third layers of the fixed sleeve device 5 corresponds to a forward Tesla valve 2, according to the working principle of the speed increase and decrease of the Tesla valve, under the action of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, each valve hole is discharged to the outside of the device through the small holes on the outer wall in three paths. Since each valve hole of each layer is divided into three paths, nine air holes can be generated on each layer, so that an air curtain can be generated by the intake fixing device. Two layers of air curtains can be generated at the outer ring of the annular air guide fixed bracket 1, so the circumferential air curtain closing effect can be achieved through the Tesla valve device.

[0024] The included angle between every two adjacent Tesla valve devices is 60 degrees and they are embedded in the intake fixing device, and the distances between layers are distributed in a geometric progression. When looking down from top to bottom, the overall structure presents a snowflake shape. The snowflake-shaped structure is stable and can resist high-speed flue gas. Since the flue gas flows out from bottom to top, the flue gas can achieve a flow-around effect, which is beneficial to the aggregation and removal of fine particles. At the same time, under the action of four locking bolts, a gap is formed between the device and the inner wall of the chimney. When the flue gas flows through this place and outwards, after being affected by the annular air guide fixing bracket 1 and forming a laterally ejected air curtain collision, a better fine particle removal effect can be achieved.

[0025] Figure 13 In the Tesla valve structure, the forward flow of the fluid (from E to F, Figure 13 as shown in a)) and the reverse flow (from F to E, Figure 13 as shown in b)) are very different. When the fluid flows forward, the fluid can bypass all the wing-shaped obstacles and then flow unobstructedly from the right to the left, and it can obtain an acceleration effect due to the flow pressure; when the fluid flows reversely, every time the fluid passes through 1 channel, it enters 1 wing-shaped obstacle upward / downward. The backflow will cause a blocking effect on the flow and increase the pressure head, hindering the overall forward flow of the fluid. Moreover, the more wing-shaped obstacles there are, the greater the resistance to the forward propulsion of the fluid, resulting in the unique one-way conduction effect of the Tesla valve.

Claims

1. A dust-containing gas fine particle agglomeration auxiliary device based on the Tesla valve principle, comprising a Tesla valve and a mounting buckle (4), characterized in that: It also includes an annular air guide fixing bracket (1) and an air intake adjustment mechanism; An annular gas guide fixed bracket (1): a herringbone-shaped one-to-three channel (8) is provided inside the annular gas guide fixed bracket (1), and herringbone-shaped one-to-three ventilation holes are provided at both ends and in the middle of the herringbone-shaped one-to-three channel (8), and the herringbone-shaped one-to-three ventilation holes are divided into a ventilation outlet (7) and a ventilation inlet (9), and the ventilation inlet (9) is connected to the air outlet of the second and third rows of positive Tesla valves (2); a bearing fixing sleeve (6) is installed on the annular gas guide fixed bracket (1), and the air outlet end of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3) is installed on the bearing fixing sleeve (6) through a bearing; Intake regulating mechanism: an air outlet passage (11) is opened on the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5); the air inlet ends of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3) and the second and third rows of forward Tesla valves (2) are butt-jointedly mounted on the air outlet passage (11); the bottom surface of the fixed sleeve device (5) is butt-jointedly mounted on a mounting platform (24) of a middle ring hole of a speed increasing guide horn cover (10); an annular support platform (23) is arranged on the inner ring of the mounting platform (24); a cylindrical control valve (15) is arranged inside the fixed sleeve device (5); the bottom of the cylindrical control valve (15) is placed on the annular support platform (23); an air guide circular hole (17) corresponding to the air outlet passage (11) at the upper end of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5) is opened on the upper end of the side wall of the cylindrical control valve (15); The control valve (15) has a gas guide slot (16) in the middle and lower part of the side wall corresponding to the gas outlet channel (11) in the middle and lower part of the side wall of the fixed sleeve device (5). The top of the cylindrical control valve (15) has a tooth groove (18). The teeth (19) of the gear (14) are matched and installed in the tooth groove (18). The gear (14) seals the top of the cylindrical control valve (15) at the upper end. The gear shaft hole (20) in the middle of the gear (14) is installed with a control valve rotating shaft (13). The control valve rotating shaft (13) passes through the through hole (21) at the top of the fixed sleeve device (5) and has a control valve rotation control device (12) installed at the top. A wing (22) is installed on the side wall of the tube of the first row of reverse Tesla valves (3).

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