Self-cleaning diamond tool bit hot pressing sintering machine and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-cleaning diamond tool bit hot pressing sintering machine and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of diamond tool manufacturing equipment. The device comprises a hot press forming assembly which comprises an upper pressing head, a tool bit mold and a supporting table; the pressure control assembly comprises a servo motor and a ball screw; the heating assembly comprises an induction coil and a heat conduction copper plate; the self-cleaning dust removal assembly comprises a sealing cover, a three-stage filtering device, a pulse back-blowing device and a dust treatment device, the waste heat recovery assembly comprises a gas outlet pipeline; the structural assembly comprises a workbench and a control panel. The temperature of the tool bit cavity is monitored through the infrared temperature sensor, the servo motor drives the ball screw to apply pressure, gradient heating and gradient pressurization are achieved, the self-cleaning system automatically triggers back flushing according to the filtering pressure difference, the temperature threshold value and an equipment shutdown instruction, the intelligent degree is high, it is guaranteed that back flushing dust is discharged after being purified through the dust removal filter bag in cooperation with isolation of the isolation cover, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. And the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diamond tool manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads is a core device in the field of diamond tool manufacturing. Through the hot press sintering process, diamond particles or diamond tool head blanks are combined with a metal binder (such as cobalt or nickel-based alloy) under high temperature and high pressure to form a dense structure. Its core components include a heating module, a pressure application module, a graphite mold, and a temperature / pressure control system.

[0003] However, traditional hot press sintering machines for diamond tool heads have the following technical defects: First, the open structure causes heavy metal dust (such as WC and Co) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon gases generated during the sintering process to directly escape. The PM2.5 concentration in the workshop often exceeds 200 μg / m³, far exceeding the occupational exposure limit, posing a high health risk to workers. Second, traditional hot press sintering machines lack a waste heat recovery device, resulting in serious waste of waste heat, high energy consumption, and low efficiency. Third, the dust removal systems supporting traditional hot press sintering machines are mostly directly connected to bag dust collectors. However, bag dust collectors have poor heat resistance, require frequent filter material replacement during use, and it is very inconvenient to replace them during machine operation.

[0004] To solve the above problems, we propose a self-cleaning hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads and a usage method thereof, aiming to provide a high-temperature resistant, self-cleaning, and low-energy consumption hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads, achieving efficient dust filtration, waste heat recycling, and precise process control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads and a usage method thereof to solve the problems of serious dust pollution, low waste heat utilization rate, poor heat resistance of the dust removal system, and frequent maintenance existing in existing hot press sintering machines.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-cleaning hot press sintering machine for diamond tool heads, including a hot pressing and forming component, the hot pressing and forming component includes an upper pressing head, a tool head mold, and a support table. A tool head cavity is provided in the tool head mold, and multiple graphite blocks are arranged around the inner wall of the tool head cavity; A pressure control component, the pressure control component includes a servo motor and a ball screw, and is used to provide pressure to the diamond tool head in the tool head mold for hot pressing; A heating component, including an induction coil and a heat conducting copper plate. The heat conducting copper plate is arranged opposite to the part of the tool head mold, and the heat is radiated to the tool head mold and evenly transmitted to the diamond tool head through the graphite blocks; Self-cleaning dust removal assembly, including a sealing cover, a three-stage filtration device, a pulse backwashing device, and a dust treatment device. The pulse backwashing device includes an air storage tank and a nitrogen pulse generator connected to the air storage tank; Waste heat recovery assembly, including an air outlet pipe arranged on one side of the pulse backwashing device. The air outlet pipe is spiral and surrounds the outer wall of the air storage tank for waste heat exchange to preheat the gas in the air storage tank; Structural assembly, including a workbench and a control panel arranged on the workbench surface.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing cover is of double-layer structure. The inner layer is a 1.5-mm-thick stainless steel corrugated plate, and the outer layer is a 3-mm-thick heat-resistant steel plate. Heat-insulating cotton is filled between the two layers. An infrared temperature sensor is installed on one side of the sealing cover. The infrared temperature sensor passes through the sealing cover for real-time monitoring of the temperature in the tool head cavity. The sealing cover also includes an observation window arranged on the side facing the hot pressing and forming assembly. The observation window uses high-temperature resistant tempered glass.

[0008] Preferably, the upper top surface of the sealing cover is provided with communication holes, which are respectively connected to the pulse backwashing device and the dust treatment device. The three-stage filtration device is arranged between the sealing cover and the pulse backwashing device and is hermetically connected. The filtration device and the sealing cover are connected by flanges.

[0009] Preferably, the three-stage filtration device includes a primary filtration layer, a secondary filtration layer, and a tertiary filtration layer arranged in sequence from inside the sealing cover to the outside along the air flow direction; The primary filtration layer is a porous ceramic plate with a pore diameter of 40 ± 10 μm and a porosity of 30 - 40%; The secondary filtration layer is a sintered metal fiber felt with a fiber diameter of 5 ± 1 μm; The tertiary filtration layer is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore diameter of 1 ± 0.2 μm and a porosity of 20 - 25%.

[0010] Preferably, a one-way sealing valve is arranged in the air storage tank, which only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator to backflush the three-stage filtration device in the reverse direction, and the air outlet pipe is closed during backwashing.

[0011] Preferably, the self-cleaning dust removal assembly further includes an isolation cover arranged on the top of the induction coil. The isolation cover is controlled by an electric telescopic rod at its bottom. When it rises to the highest position, the two communication holes are completely isolated, and at the same time, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device is opened. The opening degree of the cover plate is controlled by a solenoid valve. The isolation cover also includes a sealing ring arranged on the contact surface with the sealing cover. The material of the sealing ring is high-temperature resistant silicone rubber.

[0012] Preferably, the dust treatment device includes a connecting elbow, a dust removal bin arranged on one side of the connecting elbow, and an air outlet arranged on one side of the dust removal bin; A plurality of dust removal filter bags are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin.

[0013] Preferably, the diamond tool heads are stacked in the tool head cavity and clamped and positioned by positioning bolts.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a self-cleaning hot pressing and sintering machine for diamond tool heads, including the following steps: Step A: Loading and pre-pressing; Step A1: Evenly lay the diamond tool heads to be processed on the inner wall of the tool head cavity. Graphite blocks are vertically arranged at intervals between the diamond tool heads and the inner wall of the tool head cavity, and positioning bolts are used for locking to fix the positions of the diamond tool heads; Step A2: The servo motor drives the ball screw to apply a pre-pressure of 5 MPa, so that the upper pressure head is pre-compressed on the tool head die; Step B: Hot pressing and sintering; Step B1: Start the heating component, heat the heat-conducting copper plate through the induction coil, radiate heat to the tool head die, and the graphite blocks evenly transfer the heat to the diamond tool heads. The heating rate is controlled at 15-25 °C / min; Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the tool head cavity reaches 850 ± 5 °C, the pressure control component gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 300 ± 10 seconds; Step C: Self-cleaning; Step C1: During the hot pressing and sintering process, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device is always closed. The flue gas generated by hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover through the three-stage filtering device. Due to the existence of the one-way sealing valve, the filtered flue gas cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the air outlet pipe. When discharging, the spiral air outlet pipe surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank for heat exchange, preheating the nitrogen gas in the tank to 80-120 °C; Step C2: Under the following conditions, the pulse backwashing device starts for self-cleaning according to the following conditions: 1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the three-stage filtering device ≥ 800 Pa, the nitrogen pulse generator blows back at a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 200 ms; 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400 °C, it blows back at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 100 ms; 3. Perform preventive backwashing automatically before the hot pressing and sintering machine shuts down, blow back at a pressure of 0.4 MPa for 150 ms; Step C3: When performing backwashing, the heating component stops working and stands still for 5-10 minutes. During the standing period, the pressure control component maintains a pressure of 5 MPa. Subsequently, the isolation cover is lifted by the electric telescopic rod, pushed to the upper top surface of the sealing cover, and isolated from the sealing cover through the pressed sealing ring. At the same time, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device is opened and the air outlet pipe is closed; Step C4: The nitrogen pulse generator starts back-blowing according to the conditions set in step C2, blows air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device, blows away the dust adsorbed on the filter layer, blows it into the dust removal bin through the isolation cover and the connecting elbow, and is adsorbed by multiple dust removal filter bags, and finally discharged from the air outlet after purification; Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance; Step D1: Clean and maintain the dust filter bags regularly.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. A self-cleaning hot-pressing sintering machine for diamond tool bits of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing cover (inner layer 1.5mm stainless steel corrugated plate + outer layer 3mm heat-resistant steel plate) and a high-temperature resistant observation window, combined with a three-stage filtering device (porous ceramic plate, metal fiber sintering felt, ceramic filter membrane), to achieve fully enclosed operation of the sintering process, and the PM2.5 concentration in the workshop is reduced from 200μg / m³ to below 50μg / m³. The pulse backflush device reversely blows air through nitrogen pulses (0.3-0.5MPa), and cooperates with the one-way sealing valve control in the gas storage tank, which can self-clean the filter material without stopping the machine to prevent the filter device from being blocked; 2. The self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine of the present invention is provided with a spiral outlet pipe surrounding the outer wall of the gas storage tank, and uses high-temperature exhaust gas (400-600°C) to preheat the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C, thereby greatly improving the waste heat utilization rate and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption. At the same time, the temperature of the dust-carrying nitrogen blown back is relatively low, and the dust filter bag with poor heat resistance will not be damaged when passing through it, thereby greatly extending the service life of the filter material and significantly reducing the maintenance frequency; 3. A self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine and a method of using the present invention monitor the cutter head cavity temperature in real time through an infrared temperature sensor, and a servo motor drives the ball screw to apply pressure accurately to achieve gradient heating and gradient pressurization. The self-cleaning system automatically triggers backblowing according to the filter pressure difference, temperature threshold and equipment shutdown command. It has a high degree of intelligence and is isolated with an isolation cover to ensure that the backblown dust is purified by the dust removal filter bag before being discharged, thereby greatly improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot-pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The invention provides a self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine. Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG. Figure 4 This is a front view of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial sectional view of the self-cleaning dust removal component in a hot press sintering machine for self-cleaning diamond cutting heads provided by the present invention; In the figure: 1. Hot pressing forming component; 2. Pressure control component; 3. Heating component; 4. Self-cleaning dust removal component; 5. Waste heat recovery component; 6. Structural component; 101. Upper pressure head; 102. Cutting head mold; 103. Support table; 104. Cutting head cavity; 105. Graphite block; 106. Positioning bolt; 201. Servo motor; 202. Ball screw; 301. Induction coil; 302. Heat conducting copper plate; 401. Sealing cover; 401a. Infrared temperature sensor; 401b. Observation window; 401c. Communication hole; 402. Three-stage filtration device; 402a. First-stage filter layer; 402b. Second-stage filter layer; 402c. Third-stage filter layer; 403. Pulse backwashing device; 403a. Gas storage tank; 403a-1. One-way sealing valve; 403b. Nitrogen pulse generator; 404. Dust treatment device; 404a. Communication elbow; 404b. Dust removal bin; 404c. Air outlet; 404d. Dust removal filter bag; 405. Isolation cover; 405a. Electric telescopic rod; 405b. Sealing ring; 501. Air outlet pipe; 601. Workbench; 602. Control panel. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The following provides further detailed descriptions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description and the claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are all in very simplified forms and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides a self-cleaning hot pressing and sintering machine for diamond tool bits. Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , which includes a hot pressing and forming assembly 1. The hot pressing and forming assembly 1 includes an upper pressing head 101, a tool bit mold 102, and a support table 103. A tool bit cavity 104 is provided in the tool bit mold 102, and multiple graphite blocks 105 are arranged around the inner wall of the tool bit cavity 104; a pressure control assembly 2, which includes a servo motor 201 and a ball screw 202, is used to provide pressure for hot pressing the diamond tool bit in the tool bit mold 102; a heating assembly 3, which includes an induction coil 301 and a heat-conducting copper plate 302. The heat-conducting copper plate 302 is arranged opposite to the part of the tool bit mold 102, and the heat is radiated to the tool bit mold 102 and evenly transmitted to the diamond tool bit through the graphite blocks 105; a self-cleaning and dust-removing assembly 4, which includes a sealing cover 401, a three-stage filtering device 402, a pulse back-blowing device 403, and a dust treatment device 404. The pulse back-blowing device 403 includes an air storage tank 403a and a nitrogen pulse generator 403b connected to the air storage tank 403a; a waste heat recovery assembly 5, which includes an air outlet pipe 501 arranged on one side of the pulse back-blowing device 403. The air outlet pipe 501 is spiral and surrounds the outer wall of the air storage tank 403a for waste heat exchange and preheating the gas in the air storage tank; a structural assembly 6, which includes a workbench 601 and a control panel 602 arranged on the tabletop of the workbench 601.

[0021] The sealing cover 401 has a double-layer structure. The inner layer is a 1.5-mm-thick stainless steel corrugated plate, and the outer layer is a 3-mm-thick heat-resistant steel plate. Heat-insulating cotton is filled between the two layers. An infrared temperature sensor 401a is installed on one side of the sealing cover 401. The infrared temperature sensor 401a passes through the sealing cover 401 and is used to monitor the temperature in the tool bit cavity 104 in real time. The sealing cover 401 also includes an observation window 401b arranged on the side facing the hot pressing and forming assembly 1. The observation window 401b is made of high-temperature-resistant tempered glass; a communication hole 401c is opened on the top surface of the sealing cover 401, which is respectively communicated with the pulse back-blowing device 403 and the dust treatment device 404. The three-stage filtering device 402 is arranged between the sealing cover 401 and the pulse back-blowing device 403 in a sealed connection, and the filtering device and the sealing cover 401 are connected by a flange.

[0022] The three-stage filtering device 402 includes a primary filtering layer 402a, a secondary filtering layer 402b, and a tertiary filtering layer 402c that are sequentially arranged from inside the sealing cover 401 outward along the air flow direction; the primary filtering layer 402a is a porous ceramic plate with a pore diameter of 40 μm and a porosity of 40%; the secondary filtering layer 402b is a sintered metal fiber felt with a fiber diameter of 5 μm; the tertiary filtering layer 402c is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore diameter of 1 μm and a porosity of 25%.

[0023] A one-way sealing valve 403a-1 is arranged in the gas storage tank 403a, which only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator 403b to perform reverse air blowing on the three-stage filtering device 402, and the air outlet pipe 501 is closed during backwashing; the self-cleaning dust removal assembly 4 further includes an isolation cover 405 arranged on the top of the induction coil 301. The isolation cover 405 is controlled by an electric telescopic rod 405a at its bottom. When it rises to the highest position, the two communication holes 401a are completely isolated, and at the same time, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device 405 is opened. The opening degree of the cover plate is controlled by a solenoid valve. The isolation cover 405 also includes a sealing ring 405b arranged on the contact surface between it and the sealing cover 401. The material of the sealing ring 405b is high-temperature resistant silicone rubber; the dust treatment device 404 includes a connecting elbow 404a, a dust removal bin 404b arranged on one side of the connecting elbow 404a, and an air outlet 404c arranged on one side of the dust removal bin 404b; a plurality of dust removal filter bags 404d are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin 404b; the diamond cutting heads are stacked in the cutting head cavity 104 and are clamped and positioned by positioning bolts 106.

[0024] It should be noted that the cutting head mold 102 is made of H13 hot work die steel and is sprayed with an Al 2 O 3 coating (thickness 50 μm), which is wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant. The graphite block 105 is rectangular and is arranged at equal intervals along the inner wall of the cutting head cavity 104 with a spacing of 5 mm for uniform heat conduction to ensure the uniformity of the sintering temperature. The positioning bolt 106 fixes the diamond cutting head blank to ensure that the cutting head does not shift during hot pressing. The support table 103 is a stainless steel welded frame, and the cutting head mold 102 is installed on the tabletop and fixed to the workbench 601 through anchor bolts.

[0025] Preferably, in the heating assembly 3, the induction coil 301 is a multi-turn coil wound by copper pipes, which heats the heat conduction copper plate 302 by electromagnetic induction. The end of the heat conduction copper plate 302 extends to near the cutting head mold 102, and the heat is transferred to the cutting head mold 102 through radiation heat transfer. Compared with traditional resistance heating, the radiation induction heating has a lower oxidation risk and higher temperature rise uniformity, realizes the efficient and uniform sintering of diamond cutting heads, and significantly reduces energy consumption at the same time.

[0026] Preferably, the inner layer of the sealing cover 401 is made of a 1.5-mm-thick stainless steel corrugated plate with a temperature resistance of 1000 °C and a corrugation depth of 8 mm. The outer layer is made of a 3-mm-thick heat-resistant steel plate with a high-temperature black paint coating on the surface. The interlayer is filled with heat-insulating cotton. The observation window 401b is made of thickened tempered glass.

[0027] Preferably, the three-stage filtration device 402 is fixed to the top of the sealing cover 401 through a flange and is divided into three filtration layers from bottom to top. The first-stage filtration layer 402a is a porous ceramic plate with a thickness of 10 mm, a pore diameter of 40 μm, and a porosity of 40%. The second-stage filtration layer 402b is a sintered metal fiber felt with a fiber diameter of 5 μm and a thickness of 30 mm. The third-stage filtration layer 402c is a ceramic filter membrane with a thickness of 5 mm, a pore diameter of 1 μm, and a porosity of 25%.

[0028] Preferably, the air storage tank 403a is made of 304 stainless steel and is equipped with a one-way sealing valve 403a-1 at the inlet, with a pressure resistance of 1 MPa. The nitrogen pulse generator 403b blows the preheated nitrogen in the air storage tank 403a into the three-stage filtration device 402 by applying pressure. The pulse generator is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor, integrated with a PLC controller, supporting multi-condition triggering pulses (such as differential pressure, temperature, time, on-off state, etc.) and pulse parameter setting (such as pressure, duration, interval time, etc.), realizing fully automatic backwashing without manual intervention, and accurately adjusting the pulse parameters to adapt to different dust load scenarios.

[0029] Preferably, in the dust treatment device 404, the connecting elbow 404a is a stainless steel pipe connecting the isolation cover 405 and the dust removal bin 404b. There is a cover plate at the connection port with the isolation cover 405, which is controlled by an electromagnetic valve. When the inside of the isolation cover 405 is completely isolated from the inside of the sealing cover 401, the cover plate opens and the self-cleaning process starts. 32 dust removal filter bags 404d are installed inside the dust removal bin 404b. The dust removal filter bags 404d adopt a vertically suspended bag structure. The main body of the filter bag is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coated filter material with a cylindrical design. When the dust-containing flue gas passes through the filter bag, the dust will be intercepted on the outer surface of the filter bag, and the purified gas passes through the filter bag into the bag and is finally discharged through the air outlet 404c. The dust removal filter bags 404d need to be cleaned and maintained regularly, usually 30 minutes after the equipment stops.

[0030] Preferably, in the waste heat recovery component 5, the outlet pipe 501 is two spiral copper pipes, which are wound around the outer wall of the gas storage tank 403a in a double spiral for three circles, preheating the nitrogen in the gas storage tank 403a through heat exchange, connecting to the waste gas discharge port through a flange. By preheating the nitrogen in the gas storage tank 403a, the following beneficial effects can be achieved: 1. After preheating the nitrogen to 80 - 120°C, its density is reduced by about 30% (the density of normal temperature nitrogen is 1.25 kg / m³ → about 0.9 kg / m³ after preheating), and the flow rate increases by 20 - 30% under the same pressure. The air flow penetration is stronger during pulse backwashing, and the dust stripping rate is improved; 2. Reduce the thermal shock of materials. During the sintering process, the temperature of the three-stage filtration device 402 can reach 300 - 400°C. If normal temperature nitrogen (25°C) is directly sprayed in, the ceramic filter membrane 402c is prone to microcracks due to sudden cooling (caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients). Preheating the nitrogen reduces the temperature difference, effectively reduces the thermal stress, is beneficial to protecting the filtration device, and improves its service life; 3. Preheating the nitrogen in the tank is beneficial to keeping the nitrogen temperature in the tank always higher than the dew point, which can avoid the generation of condensed water when cold nitrogen enters a high-temperature environment, prevent the dust removal filter bag 404d from getting damp and caking or the metal parts from rusting.

[0031] In summary, the self-cleaning diamond bit hot pressing sintering machine of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing cover (inner layer 1.5 mm stainless steel corrugated plate + outer layer 3 mm heat-resistant steel plate) and a high-temperature resistant observation window, combined with a three-stage filtration device (porous ceramic plate, metal fiber sintered felt, ceramic filter membrane), to achieve fully enclosed operation during the sintering process. The dust interception efficiency is ≥99.5%, and the PM2.5 concentration in the workshop is reduced from 200 μg / m³ to below 50 μg / m³. The pulse backwashing device blows air reversely through nitrogen pulses (0.3 - 0.5 MPa), and is controlled by a one-way sealing valve in the gas storage tank. It can self-clean the filter material without stopping the machine, prevent the filtration device from being blocked. At the same time, a spiral outlet pipe is arranged around the outer wall of the gas storage tank, and the high-temperature waste gas (400 - 600°C) is used to preheat the nitrogen in the tank to 80 - 120°C, greatly improving the waste heat utilization rate, reducing the comprehensive energy consumption. At the same time, the nitrogen with carried dust during backwashing has a lower temperature and will not damage the filter bag when passing through the dust removal filter bag with poor heat resistance, significantly extending the service life of the filter material and significantly reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0032] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a method for using a self-cleaning diamond bit hot pressing sintering machine. Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 , including the following steps: Step A: Loading and pre-pressing; Step A1: Evenly lay the diamond bits to be processed on the bit cavity 104. Graphite blocks 105 are vertically laid at intervals between the diamond bits and the inner wall of the bit cavity 104, and are locked with positioning bolts 106 to fix the positions of the diamond bits; Step A2: The servo motor 201 drives the ball screw 202 to apply a pre-pressure of 5 MPa, so that the upper pressure head 101 is pre-compressed on the cutter head mold 102; Step B: Hot press sintering; Step B1: Start the heating component 3, heat the heat-conducting copper plate 302 through the induction coil 301, radiate heat to the cutter head mold 102, and the graphite block 105 evenly transfers the heat to the diamond cutter head. The heating rate is controlled at 15 - 25 °C / min; Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor 401a detects that the temperature in the cutter head cavity 104 reaches 850 ± 5 °C, the pressure control component 2 gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 300 ± 10 seconds; Step C: Self-cleaning; Step C1: During the hot press sintering process, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device 404 is always closed. The flue gas generated by hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover 401 through the three-stage filtering device 402. Due to the existence of the one-way sealing valve 403a - 1, the filtered flue gas cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the outlet pipe 501. When discharging, the spiral outlet pipe 501 surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank 403a for heat exchange, preheating the nitrogen gas in the tank to 80 - 120 °C; Step C2: The pulse back-blowing device 403 starts for self-cleaning according to the following conditions: 1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the three-stage filtering device 402 ≥ 800 Pa, the nitrogen pulse generator 403b blows back at a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 200 ms; 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400 °C, it blows back at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 100 ms; 3. Before the hot press sintering machine shuts down, a preventive back-blowing is automatically performed, blowing back at a pressure of 0.4 MPa for 150 ms; Step C3: When performing back-blowing, the heating component 3 stops working and stands still for 5 - 10 min. During the standing period, the pressure control component maintains a pressure of 5 MPa for pressure holding. Subsequently, the isolation cover 405 is lifted by the electric telescopic rod 405a to the upper top surface of the sealing cover 401, and is separated from the sealing cover 401 through the pressed sealing ring 405b. At the same time, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device 404 is opened and the outlet pipe 501 is closed; Step C4: The nitrogen pulse generator 403b starts back-blowing according to the conditions set in Step C2, blows air reversely to the three-stage filtering device 402, blows the dust adsorbed on the filter layer away, and blows it into the dust removal bin 404b through the isolation cover 405 and the connecting elbow 404a, and is adsorbed through multiple dust removal filter bags 404d, and finally is discharged from the air outlet 404c after purification; Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance; Step D1: Regularly clean and maintain the dust removal filter bag 404d.

[0033] In summary, a self-cleaning hot pressing sintering machine for diamond cutting tools and its usage method according to the present invention can monitor the temperature of the cutting tool cavity in real time through an infrared temperature sensor, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to apply pressure accurately, realizing gradient heating and gradient pressure application. The self-cleaning system automatically triggers back blowing according to the filtration pressure difference, temperature threshold and equipment shutdown instruction, with a high degree of intelligence. It is isolated with an isolation cover to ensure that the back blown dust is discharged after being purified by the dust removal filter bag, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

[0034] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine, characterized in that: include, A hot press forming component (1), the hot press forming component (1) comprising an upper pressing head (101), a tool head mold (102), and a support platform (103); a tool head cavity (104) and a plurality of graphite blocks (105) surrounding an inner wall of the tool head cavity (104) are provided in the tool head mold (102); A pressure control component (2), the pressure control component (2) comprising a servo motor (201) and a ball screw (202), used to provide pressure to the diamond cutter head in the cutter head mould (102) for hot pressing; A heating component (3) comprising an induction coil (301) and a heat-conducting copper plate (302), wherein the heat-conducting copper plate (302) is disposed directly opposite to a portion of the tool head mold (102), and heat is radiated to the tool head mold (102) and evenly transmitted to the diamond tool head through a graphite block (105); A self-cleaning dust removal assembly (4), comprising a sealing cover (401), a three-stage filtering device (402), a pulse backflush device (403), and a dust treatment device (404), wherein the pulse backflush device (403) comprises an air storage tank (403a) and a nitrogen pulse generator (403b) connected to the air storage tank (403a); A waste heat recovery component (5), comprising an outlet pipe (501) arranged on one side of the pulse backflush device (403), wherein the outlet pipe (501) is spiral-shaped and surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank (403a), and is used for waste heat exchange and preheating the gas in the gas storage tank; The structural component (6) comprises a workbench (601) and a control panel (602) arranged on the surface of the workbench (601).

2. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover (401) is a double-layer structure, wherein the inner layer is a 1.5 mm thick stainless steel corrugated plate, and the outer layer is a 3 mm thick heat-resistant steel plate, and the two layers are filled with heat-insulating cotton. An infrared temperature sensor (401a) is installed on one side of the sealing cover (401), and the infrared temperature sensor (401a) passes through the sealing cover (401) and is used to monitor the temperature in the cutter head cavity (104) in real time. The sealing cover (401) also includes an observation window (401b) arranged on the side thereof facing the hot pressing forming component (1), and the observation window (401b) is made of high-temperature resistant tempered glass.

3. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover (401) is provided with a connecting hole (401c) on the top surface thereof, which is connected to the pulse back-blowing device (403) and the dust treatment device (404) respectively; the three-stage filtering device (402) is provided between the sealing cover (401) and the pulse back-blowing device (403) in a sealing connection; and the filtering device and the sealing cover (401) are connected by a flange.

4. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage filtering device (402) comprises a primary filtering layer (402a), a secondary filtering layer (402b), and a tertiary filtering layer (402c) which are sequentially arranged from the inside of the sealing cover (401) toward the outside along the airflow direction; The primary filter layer (402a) is a porous ceramic plate with a pore size of 40±10 μm and a porosity of 30-40%; The secondary filter layer (402b) is a metal fiber sintered felt, and the fiber diameter is 5±1 μm; The tertiary filtration layer (402c) is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore size of 1±0.2 μm and a porosity of 20-25%.

5. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage tank (403a) is provided with a one-way sealing valve (403a-1) that only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator (403b) to blow air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device (402). During the reverse blowing, the gas outlet pipe (501) is closed.

6. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The self-cleaning dust removal assembly (4) further comprises an isolation cover (405) arranged on the top of the induction coil (301); the isolation cover (405) is controlled by an electric telescopic rod (405a) at the bottom thereof, and when raised to the highest point, the two connecting holes (401a) are completely isolated and a cover plate leading to the dust treatment device (405) is opened at the same time; the opening of the cover plate is controlled by a solenoid valve; the isolation cover (405) further comprises a sealing ring (405b) arranged on a contact surface between the isolation cover (405) and the sealing ring (405b) is made of high temperature resistant silicone rubber.

7. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The dust processing device (404) comprises a connecting elbow (404a), a dust removal bin (404b) arranged on one side of the connecting elbow (404a), and an air outlet (404c) arranged on one side of the dust removal bin (404b); A plurality of dust removal filter bags (404d) are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin (404b).

8. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diamond tool bits are stacked in the tool bit cavity (104) and are clamped and positioned by positioning bolts (106).

9. A method for using the self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step A: loading and pre-pressing; Step A1: evenly lay the diamond cutter head to be processed in the cutter head cavity (104), vertically lay a graphite block (105) between the diamond cutter head and the inner wall of the cutter head cavity (104), and use a positioning bolt (106) to lock and fix the position of the diamond cutter head; Step A2: the servo motor (201) drives the ball screw (202) to apply a pre-pressure of 5 MPa, so that the upper pressing head (101) is pre-tightened on the tool head mold (102); Step B: hot pressing and sintering; Step B1: starting the heating component (3), heating the heat-conducting copper plate (302) through the induction coil (301), radiating heat to the tool head mold (102), and the graphite block (105) evenly transferring the heat to the diamond tool head, and the heating rate is controlled to be 15-25°C / min; Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor (401a) detects that the temperature in the tool head cavity (104) reaches 850±5°C, the pressure control component (2) gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 300±10 seconds; Step C: Self-cleaning; Step C1: During the hot pressing sintering process, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device (404) is always closed, and the smoke generated by the hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover (401) through the three-stage filtering device (402). Due to the presence of the one-way sealing valve (403a-1), the filtered smoke cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the gas outlet pipe (501). During the discharge, the spiral gas outlet pipe (501) surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank (403a) for heat exchange, and preheats the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C; Step C2: Under the following conditions, the pulse backflush device (403) starts to perform self-cleaning according to the following conditions:

1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the third-stage filter device (402) is ≥800pa, the nitrogen pulse generator (403b) backwashes at a pressure of 0.5MPa for 200ms; 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400°C, backflush at a pressure of 0.3MPa for 100ms; 3. Before the hot pressing sintering machine is shut down, preventive backflush is automatically performed at a pressure of 0.4MPa for 150ms; Step C3: When backblowing is performed, the heating component (3) stops working and is left to stand for 5-10 minutes, during which the pressure control component maintains a pressure of 5 MPa. Subsequently, the isolation cover (405) is raised by the electric telescopic rod (405a) and pressed against the upper surface of the sealing cover (401), and is separated from the sealing cover (401) by the compressed sealing ring (405b). At the same time, the cover leading to the dust treatment device (404) is opened and the air outlet duct (501) is closed. Step C4: the nitrogen pulse generator (403b) starts back-blowing according to the conditions set in step C2, blows air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device (402), blows away the dust adsorbed on the filter layer, passes through the isolation cover (405) and the connecting elbow (404a), blows into the dust removal bin (404b), passes through multiple dust removal filter bags (404d) for adsorption, and finally is discharged from the air outlet (404c) after purification; Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance; Step D1: Clean and maintain the dust filter bag (404d) regularly.

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