A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine and its use method, which belongs to the technical field of diamond tool manufacturing equipment. The device includes a hot pressing forming component, including an upper pressure head, a cutter head mold, and a support table; a pressure control component, including a servo motor and a ball screw; a heating component, including an induction coil and a heat-conducting copper plate; a self-cleaning dust removal component, including a sealing cover, a three-stage filter device, a pulse backflush device, and a dust treatment device; a waste heat recovery component, including an air outlet pipe; a structural component, including a workbench and a control panel. The present invention monitors the cutter head cavity temperature through an infrared temperature sensor, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to apply pressure to achieve gradient heating and gradient pressurization. The self-cleaning system automatically triggers backflush according to the filter pressure difference, temperature threshold and equipment shutdown command. It has a high degree of intelligence and is isolated with an isolation cover to ensure that the backblown dust is purified by the dust filter bag before being discharged, thereby greatly improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diamond tool manufacturing equipment, and in particular to a self-cleaning diamond tool segment hot pressing sintering machine and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hot pressing sintering machine for diamond segments is the core equipment in the field of diamond tool manufacturing. Through the hot pressing sintering process, diamond particles or diamond segment blanks are combined with metal binders (such as cobalt and nickel-based alloys) under high temperature and high pressure to form a dense structure. Its core components include a heating module, a pressurizing module, a graphite mold and a temperature / pressure control system.

[0003] However, the traditional hot pressing sintering machine for diamond segments has the following technical defects: First, the open structure causes the heavy metal dust (such as WC, Co) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated during the sintering process to escape directly, and the PM2.5 concentration in the workshop often exceeds 200μg / m 3 , far exceeding the occupational exposure limit, posing a high health risk to workers; secondly, the traditional hot pressing sintering machine lacks a waste heat recovery device, resulting in serious waste of waste heat, high energy consumption and low efficiency; thirdly, the traditional hot pressing sintering machine's supporting dust removal system is mostly directly connected to the bag dust collector, and the bag dust collector has poor heat resistance, and the filter material needs to be replaced frequently during use, and it is very inconvenient to stop the machine for replacement.

[0004] To solve the above problems, we proposed a self-cleaning hot-pressing sintering machine for diamond segments and its use method, aiming to provide a high-temperature resistant, self-cleaning, low-energy-consumption hot-pressing sintering machine for diamond segments, achieving efficient dust filtration, waste heat recycling, and precise process control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine and its use method, so as to solve the problems of existing hot pressing sintering machines, such as serious dust pollution, low waste heat utilization rate, poor high temperature resistance of the dust removal system and frequent maintenance.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-cleaning diamond cutter segment hot pressing sintering machine, comprising a hot pressing forming assembly, wherein the hot pressing forming assembly comprises an upper pressing head, a cutter segment mold, and a support platform, wherein the cutter segment mold is provided with a cutter segment cavity and a plurality of graphite blocks surrounding the inner wall of the cutter segment cavity;

[0007] A pressure control assembly, comprising a servo motor and a ball screw, for applying pressure to the diamond cutter head in the cutter head mold for hot pressing;

[0008] The heating assembly includes an induction coil and a heat-conducting copper plate. The heat-conducting copper plate is arranged opposite to the cutter head mold. Heat is radiated to the cutter head mold and evenly transferred to the diamond cutter head through the graphite block.

[0009] A self-cleaning dust removal assembly, comprising a sealing cover, a three-stage filtering device, a pulse back-flushing device, and a dust treatment device, wherein the pulse back-flushing device comprises an air storage tank and a nitrogen pulse generator connected to the air storage tank;

[0010] A waste heat recovery component includes an outlet pipe provided on one side of the pulse back-flushing device. The outlet pipe is spiral-shaped and surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank for waste heat exchange and preheating the gas in the gas storage tank.

[0011] The structural component includes a workbench and a control panel arranged on the workbench surface.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing cover has a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a 1.5 mm thick stainless steel corrugated plate, the outer layer is a 3 mm thick heat-resistant steel plate, and the two layers are filled with heat-insulating cotton. An infrared temperature sensor is installed on one side of the sealing cover, and the infrared temperature sensor passes through the sealing cover for real-time monitoring of the temperature in the cutter head cavity. The sealing cover also includes an observation window arranged on the side facing the hot pressing forming component, and the observation window is made of high-temperature resistant tempered glass.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting hole is opened on the top surface of the sealing cover, which is connected to the pulse back-blowing device and the dust treatment device respectively. The three-stage filter device is arranged in a sealed connection between the sealing cover and the pulse back-blowing device, and the filter device and the sealing cover are connected by a flange.

[0014] Preferably, the three-stage filter device comprises a primary filter layer, a secondary filter layer, and a tertiary filter layer which are sequentially arranged from the inside of the sealing cover to the outside along the airflow direction;

[0015] The primary filter layer is a porous ceramic plate with a pore size of 40±10μm and a porosity of 30-40%;

[0016] The secondary filter layer is a metal fiber sintered felt with a fiber diameter of 5±1 μm;

[0017] The three-stage filter layer is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore size of 1±0.2 μm and a porosity of 20-25%.

[0018] Preferably, a one-way sealing valve is provided in the gas storage tank, which only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator to blow back the three-stage filter device, and the outlet pipe is closed during backblowing.

[0019] Preferably, the self-cleaning dust removal assembly also includes an isolation cover arranged on the top of the induction coil, and the isolation cover is controlled by an electric telescopic rod at the bottom thereof. When it is raised to the highest point, the two connecting holes are completely isolated and the cover leading to the dust treatment device is opened at the same time. The opening of the cover is controlled by an electromagnetic valve. The isolation cover also includes a sealing ring arranged on the contact surface between it and the sealing cover, and the sealing ring is made of high-temperature resistant silicone rubber.

[0020] Preferably, the dust treatment device includes a connecting elbow, a dust removal bin arranged on one side of the connecting elbow, and an air outlet arranged on one side of the dust removal bin;

[0021] A plurality of dust removal filter bags are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin.

[0022] Preferably, the diamond bits are stacked in the bit cavity and clamped in place by positioning bolts.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for using a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step A: loading and pre-pressing;

[0025] Step A1: Evenly lay the diamond cutting head to be processed in the cutting head cavity. Graphite blocks are laid vertically between the diamond cutting head and the inner wall of the cutting head cavity, and are locked with positioning bolts to fix the position of the diamond cutting head.

[0026] Step A2: The servo motor drives the ball screw to apply a preload of 5 MPa to preload the upper pressing head on the cutter head mold;

[0027] Step B: hot pressing and sintering;

[0028] Step B1: Start the heating assembly, heat the heat-conducting copper plate through the induction coil, radiate the heat to the cutter head mold, and the graphite block evenly transfers the heat to the diamond cutter head. The heating rate is controlled at 15-25℃ / min;

[0029] Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the cutter head cavity reaches 850±5°C, the pressure control component gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa and maintains the pressure for 300±10 seconds;

[0030] Step C: Self-cleaning;

[0031] Step C1: During the hot pressing and sintering process, the cover leading to the dust treatment device is always closed. The flue gas generated by the hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover through the three-stage filtration device. Due to the presence of the one-way sealing valve, the filtered flue gas cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the exhaust pipe. During the exhaust, the spiral exhaust pipe surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank for heat exchange, preheating the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C;

[0032] Step C2: Under the following conditions, the pulse backflush device starts to perform self-cleaning according to the following conditions:

[0033] 1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the three-stage filter device is ≥800pa, the nitrogen pulse generator will backflush at a pressure of 0.5MPa for 200ms;

[0034] 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400°C, backflush at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 100ms;

[0035] 3. Before the hot pressing sintering machine is shut down, preventive backflushing is automatically performed at a pressure of 0.4MPa for 150ms.

[0036] Step C3: When backflushing, the heating component stops working and stands still for 5-10 minutes. During the standing period, the pressure control component maintains a pressure of 5 MPa. Then, the isolation cover is raised by the electric telescopic rod and pressed against the top surface of the sealing cover. It is separated from the sealing cover by the compressed sealing ring. At the same time, the cover leading to the dust treatment device is opened and the outlet pipe is closed.

[0037] Step C4: The nitrogen pulse generator starts backflushing according to the conditions set in step C2, blowing air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device, blowing away the dust adsorbed on the filter layer, blowing it into the dust removal bin through the isolation cover and the connecting elbow, and then passing through multiple dust removal filter bags for adsorption, and finally discharged from the air outlet after purification;

[0038] Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance;

[0039] Step D1: Clean and maintain the dust filter bags regularly.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing cover (inner layer 1.5mm stainless steel corrugated plate + outer layer 3mm heat-resistant steel plate) and a high-temperature resistant observation window, combined with a three-stage filtration device (porous ceramic plate, metal fiber sintering felt, ceramic filter membrane), to achieve a fully enclosed operation of the sintering process, and the PM2.5 concentration in the workshop is reduced from 200μg / m 3 Reduced to 50 μg / m 3 Next, the pulse backflush device uses nitrogen pulses (0.3-0.5MPa) to blow air in the opposite direction, and cooperates with the one-way sealing valve in the gas storage tank to control the filter material without stopping the machine, thus preventing the filter device from being blocked.

[0042] 2. The self-cleaning diamond segment hot-pressing sintering machine of the present invention utilizes a spiral air outlet duct surrounding the outer wall of the gas storage tank. High-temperature exhaust gas (400-600°C) is used to preheat the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C, significantly improving waste heat utilization and reducing overall energy consumption. Furthermore, the dust-carrying nitrogen gas carried back in the machine is at a lower temperature, preventing damage to dust filter bags with poor heat resistance. This significantly extends the life of the filter material and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0043] 3. The self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine and its use method of the present invention monitor the cutter head cavity temperature in real time through an infrared temperature sensor, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to apply precise pressure to achieve gradient heating and gradient pressurization. The self-cleaning system automatically triggers backblowing according to the filtration pressure difference, temperature threshold and equipment shutdown instruction. It has a high degree of intelligence and is isolated with an isolation cover to ensure that the backblown dust is purified by the dust removal filter bag before discharge, thereby greatly improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 The present invention provides a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a front view of a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a self-cleaning dust removal component in a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure: 1, hot pressing forming assembly; 2, pressure control assembly; 3, heating assembly; 4, self-cleaning dust removal assembly; 5, waste heat recovery assembly; 6, structural assembly; 101, upper pressure head; 102, cutter head mold; 103, support platform; 104, cutter head cavity; 105, graphite block; 106, positioning bolt; 201, servo motor; 202, ball screw; 301, induction coil; 302, thermal conductive copper plate; 401, sealing cover; 401a, infrared temperature sensor; 401b, observation window; 401c, connecting hole; 402, three-stage Filter device; 402a, primary filter layer; 402b, secondary filter layer; 402c, tertiary filter layer; 403, pulse backflush device; 403a, gas storage tank; 403a-1, one-way sealing valve; 403b, nitrogen pulse generator; 404, dust handling device; 404a, connecting elbow; 404b, dust removal bin; 404c, air outlet; 404d, dust filter bag; 405, isolation cover; 405a, electric telescopic rod; 405b, sealing ring; 501, air outlet pipe; 601, workbench; 602, control panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are greatly simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment provides a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine, please refer to Figures 1 to 5, including a hot pressing forming component 1, the hot pressing forming component 1 includes an upper pressure head 101, a tool head mold 102, and a support platform 103, the tool head mold 102 is provided with a tool head cavity 104, and a plurality of graphite blocks 105 surrounding the inner wall of the tool head cavity 104; a pressure control component 2, the pressure control component 2 includes a servo motor 201 and a ball screw 202, which are used to provide pressure to the diamond tool head in the tool head mold 102 for hot pressing; a heating component 3, including an induction coil 301 and a heat-conducting copper plate 302, the heat-conducting copper plate 302 is arranged opposite to the tool head mold 102, and heat is radiated to the tool head mold 102 and evenly transmitted through the graphite block 105 transported to the diamond cutting head; a self-cleaning dust removal component 4, comprising a sealing cover 401, a three-stage filtering device 402, a pulse back-flushing device 403, and a dust treatment device 404, wherein the pulse back-flushing device 403 comprises an air storage tank 403a and a nitrogen pulse generator 403b connected to the air storage tank 403a; a waste heat recovery component 5, comprising an outlet pipe 501 arranged on one side of the pulse back-flushing device 403, wherein the outlet pipe 501 is spiral and surrounds the outer wall of the air storage tank 403a for waste heat exchange and preheating the gas in the air storage tank; a structural component 6, comprising a workbench 601 and a control panel 602 arranged on the surface of the workbench 601.

[0055] The sealing cover 401 is a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a 1.5mm thick stainless steel corrugated plate, the outer layer is a 3mm thick heat-resistant steel plate, and the two layers are filled with heat-insulating cotton. An infrared temperature sensor 401a is installed on one side of the sealing cover 401. The infrared temperature sensor 401a passes through the sealing cover 401 and is used to monitor the temperature in the tool head cavity 104 in real time. The sealing cover 401 also includes an observation window 401b arranged on the side facing the hot pressing forming component 1. The observation window 401b is made of high-temperature resistant tempered glass; a connecting hole 401c is provided on the top surface of the sealing cover 401, which is connected to the pulse back-blowing device 403 and the dust treatment device 404 respectively. The three-stage filter device 402 is arranged between the sealing cover 401 and the pulse back-blowing device 403 and is sealed and connected, and the filter device and the sealing cover 401 are connected by a flange.

[0056] The three-stage filtration device 402 includes a primary filter layer 402a, a secondary filter layer 402b, and a tertiary filter layer 402c, which are arranged in sequence from the inside of the sealing cover 401 to the outside along the airflow direction; the primary filter layer 402a is a porous ceramic plate with a pore size of 40μm and a porosity of 40%; the secondary filter layer 402b is a metal fiber sintered felt with a fiber diameter of 5μm; the tertiary filter layer 402c is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore size of 1μm and a porosity of 25%.

[0057] The gas storage tank 403a is provided with a one-way sealing valve 403a-1, which only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator 403b to blow back the three-stage filter device 402. The outlet pipe 501 is closed during backblowing. The self-cleaning dust removal component 4 also includes an isolation cover 405 provided on the top of the induction coil 301. The isolation cover 405 is controlled by an electric telescopic rod 405a at its bottom. When it rises to the highest point, it completely isolates the two connecting holes 401a and opens the cover leading to the dust treatment device 405 at the same time. The opening of the cover is controlled by a solenoid valve. The isolation cover 405 also includes a sealing ring 405b arranged on the contact surface between it and the sealing cover 401, and the sealing ring 405b is made of high-temperature resistant silicone rubber; the dust handling device 404 includes a connecting elbow 404a, a dust removal bin 404b arranged on one side of the connecting elbow 404a, and an air outlet 404c arranged on one side of the dust removal bin 404b; a plurality of dust filter bags 404d are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin 404b; the diamond cutter heads are stacked in the cutter head cavity 104 and clamped in place by positioning bolts 106.

[0058] It should be noted that the cutter head mold 102 is made of H13 hot working die steel, and the surface is sprayed with Al2O3 coating (thickness 50μm), which is wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant. The graphite block 105 is rectangular and arranged at equal intervals along the inner wall of the cutter head cavity 104, with a spacing of 5mm, for uniform heat conduction to ensure the uniformity of sintering temperature. The positioning bolt 106 fixes the diamond cutter head blank to ensure that the cutter head is not offset during hot pressing. The support table 103 is a stainless steel welded frame, and the cutter head mold 102 is installed on the table top and fixed to the workbench 601 by anchor bolts.

[0059] Preferably, in the heating component 3, the induction coil 301 is a multi-turn coil wound with a copper tube, and electromagnetic induction is used to heat the heat-conducting copper plate 302. The end of the heat-conducting copper plate 302 extends to a position close to the cutter head mold 102, and heat is transferred to the cutter head mold 102 by radiation heat transfer. Compared with traditional resistance heating, radiation induction heating has a lower oxidation risk and a higher temperature uniformity, thereby achieving efficient and uniform sintering of the diamond cutter head and significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0060] Preferably, the inner layer of the sealing cover 401 is a 1.5mm thick stainless steel corrugated plate, which can withstand temperatures of 1000°C and has a corrugation depth of 8mm. The outer layer is a 3mm thick heat-resistant steel plate, the surface of which is coated with high-temperature resistant black paint, the interlayer is filled with insulation cotton, and the observation window 401b is made of thickened tempered glass.

[0061] Preferably, the three-stage filter device 402 is fixed to the top of the sealing cover 401 by a flange, and is divided into three filter layers from bottom to top. The porous ceramic plate of the first-stage filter layer 402a has a thickness of 10 mm, a pore size of 40 μm, and a porosity of 40%; the metal fiber sintered felt of the second-stage filter layer 402b has a fiber diameter of 5 μm and a thickness of 30 mm; the ceramic filter membrane of the third-stage filter layer 402c has a thickness of 5 mm, a pore size of 1 μm, and a porosity of 25%.

[0062] Preferably, the gas tank 403a is made of 304 stainless steel, with a built-in one-way sealing valve 403a-1 at the inlet and a pressure resistance of 1 MPa. The nitrogen pulse generator 403b pressurizes the preheated nitrogen in the gas tank 403a into the three-stage filter device 402. The pulse generator is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor, and an integrated PLC controller. It supports multi-condition trigger pulses (pressure difference, temperature, time, power on / off status, etc.) and pulse parameter settings (pressure, duration, interval time, etc.), realizing fully automatic backblowing without manual intervention, and the pulse parameters are precisely adjusted to adapt to different dust load scenarios.

[0063] Preferably, in the dust handling device 404, the connecting elbow 404a is a stainless steel pipe, connecting the isolation cover 405 and the dust removal bin 404b, wherein a cover is provided at the connection port with the isolation cover 405, and the cover is controlled by a solenoid valve. When the interior of the isolation cover 405 is completely isolated from the interior of the sealing cover 401, the cover is opened and the self-cleaning process begins. 32 dust filter bags 404d are installed inside the dust removal bin 404b. The dust filter bag 404d adopts a vertically suspended bag structure, and the filter bag body is a cylindrical polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coated filter material. When the dust-laden flue gas passes through the filter bag, the dust will be trapped on the outer surface of the filter bag, and the purified gas passes through the filter bag into the bag and is finally discharged through the air outlet 404c. The dust filter bag 404d needs to be cleaned and maintained regularly, generally 30 minutes after the equipment is shut down.

[0064] Preferably, in the waste heat recovery component 5, the outlet pipe 501 is two spiral copper pipes, which are double-helixed around the outer wall of the gas tank 403a for three turns. The nitrogen in the gas tank 403a is preheated by heat exchange and connected to the exhaust gas outlet through a flange. By preheating the nitrogen in the gas tank 403a, the following beneficial effects can be produced: 1. After preheating the nitrogen to 80-120°C, its density is reduced by about 30% (the density of nitrogen at room temperature is 1.25kg / m 3 →After preheating, about 0.9kg / m 3), the flow rate is increased by 20-30% under the same pressure, the air flow penetration is stronger during pulse backblowing, and the dust stripping rate is improved; 2. Reduce thermal shock of materials. During the sintering process, the temperature of the three-stage filter device 402 can reach 300-400°C. If normal temperature nitrogen (25°C) is directly sprayed in, the ceramic filter membrane 402c is prone to microcracks due to sudden cooling (caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient). Preheating nitrogen narrows the temperature difference, effectively reduces thermal stress, and is beneficial to protecting the filter device and increasing its service life; 3. Preheating the nitrogen in the tank is beneficial to keeping the nitrogen temperature in the tank higher than the dew point at all times, which can avoid the generation of condensed water when cold nitrogen enters a high-temperature environment, and prevent the dust filter bag 404d from getting damp and hardening or metal parts from rusting.

[0065] In summary, the self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine of the present invention adopts a double-layer sealing cover (inner layer 1.5mm stainless steel corrugated plate + outer layer 3mm heat-resistant steel plate) and a high-temperature resistant observation window, combined with a three-stage filtration device (porous ceramic plate, metal fiber sintering felt, ceramic filter membrane), to achieve fully enclosed operation of the sintering process, with a dust interception efficiency of ≥99.5%, and the PM2.5 concentration in the workshop is reduced from 200μg / m 3 Reduced to 50 μg / m 3 Next, the pulse backflush device uses nitrogen pulses (0.3-0.5MPa) to blow air in the opposite direction, and cooperates with the one-way sealing valve in the gas tank to control it. It can self-clean the filter material without stopping the machine to prevent the filter device from being blocked. At the same time, a spiral air outlet pipe is set around the outer wall of the gas tank, and the high-temperature exhaust gas (400-600℃) is used to preheat the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120℃, which greatly improves the waste heat utilization rate and reduces the overall energy consumption. At the same time, the temperature of the dust-carrying nitrogen blown back is low, and it will not damage the dust filter bag when passing through the dust removal filter bag with poor heat resistance. The service life of the filter material is greatly extended and the maintenance frequency is significantly reduced.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for using a self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine. Figures 2 to 5 , including the following steps:

[0068] Step A: loading and pre-pressing;

[0069] Step A1: evenly lay the diamond cutting head to be processed in the cutting head cavity 104, with graphite blocks 105 vertically laid between the diamond cutting head and the inner wall of the cutting head cavity 104, and locking with positioning bolts 106 to fix the position of the diamond cutting head;

[0070] Step A2: The servo motor 201 drives the ball screw 202 to apply a preload of 5 MPa, so that the upper pressing head 101 is preloaded on the tool head mold 102;

[0071] Step B: hot pressing and sintering;

[0072] Step B1: Start the heating assembly 3, heat the heat-conducting copper plate 302 through the induction coil 301, radiate heat to the tool head mold 102, and the graphite block 105 evenly transfers heat to the diamond tool head. The heating rate is controlled at 15-25°C / min;

[0073] Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor 401a detects that the temperature in the tool head cavity 104 reaches 850±5°C, the pressure control component 2 gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa and maintains the pressure for 300±10 seconds;

[0074] Step C: Self-cleaning;

[0075] Step C1: During the hot pressing and sintering process, the cover leading to the dust treatment device 404 is always closed. The flue gas generated by the hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover 401 through the three-stage filtering device 402. Due to the presence of the one-way sealing valve 403a-1, the filtered flue gas cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the gas outlet pipe 501. During the discharge, the spiral gas outlet pipe 501 surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank 403a to perform heat exchange, preheating the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C.

[0076] Step C2: Under the following conditions, the pulse backflush device 403 is activated to perform self-cleaning according to the following conditions:

[0077] 1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the tertiary filtration device 402 is ≥800 Pa, the nitrogen pulse generator 403b backflushes at a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 200 ms;

[0078] 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400°C, backflush at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 100ms;

[0079] 3. Before the hot pressing sintering machine is shut down, preventive backflushing is automatically performed at a pressure of 0.4MPa for 150ms.

[0080] Step C3: When backflushing, the heating assembly 3 stops working and stands still for 5-10 minutes. During the standing period, the pressure control assembly maintains a pressure of 5 MPa. Then, the isolation cover 405 is raised by the electric telescopic rod 405a and pressed against the top surface of the sealing cover 401. It is separated from the sealing cover 401 by the compressed sealing ring 405b. At the same time, the cover leading to the dust treatment device 404 is opened and the outlet pipe 501 is closed.

[0081] Step C4: Nitrogen pulse generator 403b begins backflushing according to the conditions set in step C2, blowing air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device 402, blowing away dust adsorbed on the filter layer. The dust is then blown into dust removal bin 404b through isolation cover 405 and connecting elbow 404a, and then adsorbed by multiple dust removal filter bags 404d. Finally, the purified dust is discharged from air outlet 404c.

[0082] Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance;

[0083] Step D1: Regularly clean and maintain the dust filter bag 404d.

[0084] In summary, the self-cleaning diamond cutter head hot pressing sintering machine and its use method of the present invention monitor the cutter head cavity temperature in real time through an infrared temperature sensor, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to apply precise pressure to achieve gradient heating and gradient pressurization. The self-cleaning system automatically triggers backblowing according to the filtration pressure difference, temperature threshold and equipment shutdown instruction. It has a high degree of intelligence and is isolated with an isolation cover to ensure that the backblown dust is purified by the dust removal filter bag before discharge, thereby greatly improving production efficiency.

[0085] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by ordinary technicians in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine, characterized in that: include, A hot pressing forming assembly (1), the hot pressing forming assembly (1) comprising an upper pressing head (101), a cutter head mold (102), and a support platform (103); a cutter head cavity (104) is provided in the cutter head mold (102), and a plurality of graphite blocks (105) surrounding the inner wall of the cutter head cavity (104); A pressure control assembly (2), comprising a servo motor (201) and a ball screw (202), for applying pressure to the diamond cutting head in the cutting head mold (102) for hot pressing; A heating assembly (3) includes an induction coil (301) and a heat-conducting copper plate (302), wherein the heat-conducting copper plate (302) is arranged facing the cutter head mold (102), radiating heat to the cutter head mold (102) and uniformly transmitting heat to the diamond cutter head through the graphite block (105); A self-cleaning dust removal assembly (4) comprising a sealing cover (401), a three-stage filtering device (402), a pulse backflush device (403), and a dust treatment device (404), wherein the pulse backflush device (403) comprises an air storage tank (403a) and a nitrogen pulse generator (403b) connected to the air storage tank (403a); A waste heat recovery component (5) includes an outlet pipe (501) provided on one side of the pulse back-flushing device (403), wherein the outlet pipe (501) is spiral-shaped and surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank (403a), and is used for waste heat exchange and preheating the gas in the gas storage tank; The structural component (6) includes a workbench (601) and a control panel (602) arranged on the surface of the workbench (601).

2. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover (401) has a double-layer structure, wherein the inner layer is a 1.5 mm thick stainless steel corrugated plate, and the outer layer is a 3 mm thick heat-resistant steel plate, and the two layers are filled with heat-insulating cotton. An infrared temperature sensor (401a) is installed on one side of the sealing cover (401), and the infrared temperature sensor (401a) passes through the sealing cover (401) and is used to monitor the temperature in the cutter head cavity (104) in real time. The sealing cover (401) also includes an observation window (401b) arranged on the side thereof facing the hot pressing forming component (1), and the observation window (401b) is made of high-temperature resistant tempered glass.

3. The self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A communicating hole (401c) is provided on the top surface of the sealing cover (401), which is respectively connected to the pulse back-flushing device (403) and the dust treatment device (404); a three-stage filtering device (402) is provided between the sealing cover (401) and the pulse back-flushing device (403) in a sealed connection, and the filtering device and the sealing cover (401) are connected by a flange.

4. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage filtering device (402) comprises a primary filtering layer (402a), a secondary filtering layer (402b), and a tertiary filtering layer (402c) arranged in sequence from the inside of the sealing cover (401) toward the outside along the airflow direction; The primary filter layer (402a) is a porous ceramic plate with a pore size of 40±10 μm and a porosity of 30-40%; The secondary filter layer (402b) is a metal fiber sintered felt with a fiber diameter of 5±1 μm; The tertiary filtration layer (402c) is a ceramic filter membrane with a pore size of 1±0.2 μm and a porosity of 20-25%.

5. The self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way sealing valve (403a-1) is provided in the gas storage tank (403a), which only allows the gas in the nitrogen pulse generator (403b) to blow back the three-stage filter device (402). During back-blowing, the gas outlet pipe (501) is closed.

6. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The self-cleaning dust removal assembly (4) further comprises an isolation cover (405) arranged on the top of the induction coil (301), wherein the isolation cover (405) is controlled by an electric telescopic rod (405a) at the bottom thereof, and when raised to the highest point, the two connecting holes (401c) are completely isolated and the cover leading to the dust treatment device (404) is opened at the same time, and the opening of the cover is controlled by a solenoid valve. The isolation cover (405) further comprises a sealing ring (405b) arranged on the contact surface between the isolation cover (405) and the sealing ring (401), and the sealing ring (405b) is made of high-temperature resistant silicone rubber.

7. A self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The dust processing device (404) comprises a connecting elbow (404a), a dust removal bin (404b) arranged on one side of the connecting elbow (404a), and an air outlet (404c) arranged on one side of the dust removal bin (404b); A plurality of dust removal filter bags (404d) are densely arranged in an array in the dust removal bin (404b).

8. The self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diamond tool bits are stacked in the tool bit cavity (104) and are clamped and positioned by positioning bolts (106).

9. A method for using the self-cleaning diamond segment hot pressing sintering machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step A: loading and pre-pressing; Step A1: evenly lay the diamond cutting head to be processed in the cutting head cavity (104), vertically lay graphite blocks (105) between the diamond cutting head and the inner wall of the cutting head cavity (104), and use positioning bolts (106) to lock and fix the position of the diamond cutting head; Step A2: The servo motor (201) drives the ball screw (202) to apply a preload of 5 MPa, so that the upper pressing head (101) is preloaded on the tool head mold (102); Step B: hot pressing and sintering; Step B1: Start the heating assembly (3), heat the heat-conducting copper plate (302) through the induction coil (301), radiate the heat to the tool head mold (102), and the graphite block (105) evenly transfers the heat to the diamond tool head. The heating rate is controlled at 15-25°C / min; Step B2: When the infrared temperature sensor (401a) detects that the temperature in the tool head cavity (104) reaches 850±5°C, the pressure control component (2) gradually increases the pressure to 30 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 300±10 seconds; Step C: Self-cleaning; Step C1: During the hot pressing and sintering process, the cover plate leading to the dust treatment device (404) is always closed, and the smoke generated by the hot pressing can only be discharged from the sealing cover (401) through the three-stage filtering device (402). Due to the presence of the one-way sealing valve (403a-1), the filtered smoke cannot enter the gas storage tank and can only be discharged through the gas outlet pipe (501). During the discharge, the spiral gas outlet pipe (501) surrounds the outer wall of the gas storage tank (403a) to perform heat exchange, and preheats the nitrogen in the tank to 80-120°C; Step C2: Under the following conditions, the pulse backflush device (403) starts to perform self-cleaning according to the following conditions:

1. When the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the three-stage filter device (402) is ≥800 Pa, the nitrogen pulse generator (403b) backflushes at a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 200 ms; 2. When the temperature in the sintering chamber drops below 400°C, backflush at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 100ms; 3. Before the hot pressing sintering machine is shut down, preventive backflushing is automatically performed at a pressure of 0.4MPa for 150ms. Step C3: When backflushing is performed, the heating component (3) stops working and is left to stand for 5-10 minutes. During the standing period, the pressure control component maintains a pressure of 5 MPa. Subsequently, the isolation cover (405) is raised by the electric telescopic rod (405a) and pressed against the upper surface of the sealing cover (401). The isolation cover (405) is separated from the sealing cover (401) by the compressed sealing ring (405b). At the same time, the cover leading to the dust treatment device (404) is opened and the air outlet duct (501) is closed. Step C4: The nitrogen pulse generator (403b) starts backflushing according to the conditions set in step C2, and blows air in the reverse direction to the three-stage filter device (402), blowing away the dust adsorbed on the filter layer, and blowing it into the dust removal bin (404b) through the isolation cover (405) and the connecting elbow (404a), and then passing through multiple dust removal filter bags (404d) for adsorption, and finally discharged from the air outlet (404c) after purification; Step D: Dust removal bin maintenance; Step D1: Regularly clean and maintain the dust filter bag (404d).

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