Vacuum welding device and method for thin-wall pressure vessel shell
By designing an improved vacuum welding device for thin-wall pressure vessel shell, the problem of external pressure instability in the large-volume thin-wall pressure vessel shell during vacuum welding is solved, and product quality is guaranteed and production costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510329932.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
The large-volume thin-wall pressure vessel shell is prone to deformation and product scrapping due to external pressure instability during vacuum welding.
A vacuum welding device for the thin-wall pressure vessel housing is designed, including a vacuum sealing chamber, a welding workbench, a nozzle connection assembly, a ventilation pipeline and a cabin connection assembly. By improving the air supply method and device, the consistency of the inside and outside pressure of the shell is ensured and the external pressure is prevented from being stable.
It effectively solves the problem of external pressure instability during vacuum welding of thin-wall pressure vessel shells, ensures product quality and production cost, and is suitable for welding of large diameter, thin-wall pressure vessel products of any shape and size.
Smart Images
Figure CN120055496A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pressure vessel welding, and in particular, to a vacuum welding device and method for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell. Background Art
[0002] A pressure vessel shell is generally welded by parts such as a head, a cylindrical section, and a nozzle. The shell material is generally stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, etc. Each part forms a closed cavity through welding to store the medium. The small holes on the nozzle of the closed shell communicate with the outside, and the filling and discharging of the medium inside the shell are realized through the small holes on the nozzle. In recent years, large volume, light weight, and high reliability are the main development directions of pressure vessel products at home and abroad. Especially in the field of aerospace pressure vessels, some product containers are close to 5000L, and the shell wall thickness is between 0.5mm and 5mm. Carbon fiber composite material layers can be wound outside the metal shell to further improve its pressure-bearing performance.
[0003] Welding in a vacuum environment can effectively ensure the weld quality of pressure vessel products, avoid the oxidation of active metals such as titanium alloy and aluminum alloy during welding, and thus effectively improve the reliability of the weld and the product. When the product is welded, it will be placed in a sealed chamber. A vacuum environment is created by evacuating the sealed chamber and then welding is carried out. Common vacuum welding methods include electron beam welding, brazing, diffusion welding, etc. However, during the evacuation and inflation processes of the sealed chamber, due to the structural characteristics of the large cavity and small nozzle of the pressure vessel shell, there will be a pressure difference not greater than 0.1 Mpa between the shell and the sealed chamber. Pressure vessel products generally have good internal pressure-bearing capacity, but the external pressure-bearing capacity of the large-volume thin-walled structure is very poor. When the sealed chamber is inflated after the product welding is completed, due to the throttling effect of the small holes on the nozzle, the sealed chamber will reach the atmospheric pressure state before the shell, and the pressure inside the shell will rise slowly. At this time, the shell will be unstable and deformed due to the external pressure, resulting in product scrapping.
[0004] Therefore, in order to ensure the development and production of large-volume, light-weight, and high-reliability pressure vessel products, aiming at their structural characteristics, it is necessary to solve the problem of external pressure instability of large-volume thin-walled shells during vacuum welding. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present application provides a vacuum welding device and method for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell, which can solve the problem of external pressure instability during the vacuum welding of large-volume thin-walled shells.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell, including a vacuum sealing chamber, a welding workbench, a nozzle connection assembly, a ventilation pipeline, and a chamber connection assembly, wherein: The welding workbench is arranged inside the vacuum sealing chamber and includes a welding platform and a fixed support frame. The fixed support frame is arranged on one side of the welding platform and is used to fix the pressure vessel shell; The ventilation pipeline is arranged inside the vacuum sealing chamber; One end of the ventilation pipeline is connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell through the nozzle connection assembly; The chamber connection assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber; The other end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber and is connected to the chamber connection assembly.
[0007] Further, the nozzle connection assembly includes a pipeline limit jacket and a pipeline adapter joint, wherein: The pipeline limit jacket is sleeved outside the pipeline adapter joint and includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve; One end of the first sleeve is threadedly connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell, and the other end is connected to the second sleeve; The second sleeve is integrally sleeved outside the pipeline adapter joint to limit the axial displacement of the pipeline adapter joint; One end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the pipeline adapter joint and enters the interior of the pressure vessel shell.
[0008] Further, the chamber connection assembly includes a vacuum gauge, a stop valve, a sealing partition plate, and a connection pipe cavity, wherein: The connection pipe cavity is a tubular structure with a flange at one end; The flange end of the connection pipe cavity is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber; The other end of the connection pipe cavity is sequentially connected to the sealing partition plate and the stop valve; The vacuum gauge is communicated with the interior of the connection pipe cavity and is located between the sealing partition plate and the flange end; The other end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the connection pipe cavity and is connected to the sealing partition plate through a quick-break threaded joint.
[0009] Further, the vacuum gauge is a standard component and is welded to the connection pipe cavity by argon arc welding; The stop valve is a standard component with a pipe diameter of φ10mm; The sealing partition plate is a flat plate structure with a threaded hole in the middle; The connection pipe cavity is connected and sealed with the sealing partition plate and the stop valve through standard KF vacuum clamps.
[0010] Further, the pressure vessel shell is a thin-walled spherical cylindrical shell structure.
[0011] Further, the ventilation pipeline is made of a flexible material, and the bearing capacity of the internal pressure load ≥ 0.2MPa. It includes a first ventilation pipeline and a second ventilation pipeline, wherein: The diameter of the first ventilation pipeline is Φ10mm×1mm, and it is arranged between the pipeline adapter joint and the sealing partition plate; The diameter of the second ventilation pipeline is Φ6mm×1mm, and it is arranged between the interior of the pressure vessel shell and the pipeline adapter joint.
[0012] Furthermore, the length of the first ventilation pipeline is 1.5 times the displacement length of the pressure vessel shell during the welding process; the length of the second ventilation pipeline ≥ 1 / 4 of the diameter of the pressure vessel shell; the gap between the outer diameter of the second ventilation pipeline and the inner diameter of the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell > 1 mm.
[0013] The present application also provides a method for using a vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell, including the following steps: Step 1: Install and fix the pressure vessel shell on the welding workbench inside the vacuum sealing chamber; Step 2: Connect one end of the ventilation pipeline to the gas supply device through the chamber connection assembly, and fixedly install the chamber connection assembly on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber; Step 3: Extend the other end of the ventilation pipeline into the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell and fix it through the nozzle connection assembly, and then perform a simulation welding inspection for the movement interference of the gas supply device; Step 4: Close the gas supply device, evacuate the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber, so that the inside of the pressure vessel shell and the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber are balanced to the vacuum state; Step 5: When the vacuum degree in the vacuum sealing chamber meets the welding requirements, start welding the pressure vessel shell; Step 6: After welding is completed, open the gas supply device, supply gas to the inside of the pressure vessel shell, and the gas will overflow from the nozzle into the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber and finally return to the atmospheric pressure.
[0014] A vacuum welding device and method for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects:
[0015] According to the structural characteristics of large-diameter and thin-walled pressure vessels and the characteristics of the vacuum welding process, the present application improves the gas supply method and gas supply device for vacuum welding, effectively solving the technical problem of external pressure instability during the vacuum welding of thin-walled pressure vessel shells; without changing the equipment, environment, and process parameters of shell welding, it avoids the working condition of thin-walled shells bearing external pressure during vacuum welding, ensuring product quality and production cost; the principle is simple and the universality is strong, and it can meet the welding of any external dimension and similar large-diameter and thin-walled pressure vessel products. Description of the Drawings
[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, making other features, purposes, and advantages of the present application more obvious. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the drawings of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a nozzle connection assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a cabin connection component provided according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] In the figure: 1 - vacuum seal cabin, 2 - welding workbench, 21 - welding platform, 22 - fixed support frame, 3 - nozzle connection component, 31 - first sleeve, 32 - second sleeve, 33 - pipeline adapter joint, 4 - ventilation pipeline, 41 - first ventilation pipeline, 42 - second ventilation pipeline, 5 - cabin connection component, 51 - vacuum gauge, 52 - stop valve, 53 - sealing partition, 54 - connection pipe cavity, 6 - pressure vessel shell. Specific embodiments
[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of the present application described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0023] In the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated devices, elements or components must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0024] Moreover, in addition to being able to represent an orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] In addition, the meaning of the term "a plurality of" shall be two or more.
[0026] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will describe this application in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
[0027] As Figure 1 shown, this application provides a vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell, which includes a vacuum sealing chamber 1, a welding workbench 2, a nozzle connection assembly 3, a ventilation pipeline 4, and a cabin connection assembly 5, wherein: the welding workbench 2 is arranged inside the vacuum sealing chamber 1 and includes a welding platform 21 and a fixed support frame 22. The fixed support frame 22 is arranged on one side of the welding platform 21 and is used to fix the pressure vessel shell 6; the ventilation pipeline 4 is arranged inside the vacuum sealing chamber 1; one end of the ventilation pipeline 4 is connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6 through the nozzle connection assembly 3; the cabin connection assembly 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber 1; the other end of the ventilation pipeline 4 passes through the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 and is connected to the cabin connection assembly 5.
[0028] Specifically, when the vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell provided in the embodiment of this application welds the thin-walled pressure vessel shell 6, it can supply gas to the inside of the shell without affecting the overflow of the gas inside the shell, and can supply gas to the inside of the shell without affecting the monitoring of the vacuum degree inside the vacuum sealing chamber 1, effectively solving the problem of external pressure instability during the welding process of the thin-walled pressure vessel shell 6. The vacuum sealing chamber 1 is used to provide a vacuum welding environment; the welding workbench 2 includes a welding platform 21 and a fixed support frame 22 and is used to place and fix the thin-walled pressure vessel shell 6; one end of the ventilation pipeline 4 extends into the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6 through the nozzle connection assembly 3, and the other end extends out of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 through the cabin connection assembly 5 and is connected to a gas supply device, and is used for gas supply during the welding process.
[0029] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the nozzle connection assembly 3 includes a pipeline limit jacket and a pipeline adapter joint 33, wherein: the pipeline limit jacket is sleeved outside the pipeline adapter joint 33 and includes a first sleeve 31 and a second sleeve 32; one end of the first sleeve 31 is threadedly connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6, and the other end is connected to the second sleeve 32; the second sleeve 32 is integrally sleeved outside the pipeline adapter joint 33 and is used to limit the axial displacement of the pipeline adapter joint 33; one end of the ventilation pipeline 4 passes through the pipeline adapter joint 33 and enters the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6.
[0030] Specifically, the nozzle connection assembly 3 is arranged at the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6 and is used for connecting the ventilation pipeline 4 and the nozzle. The nozzle connection assembly 3 includes a pipeline limiting jacket and a pipeline adapter joint 33. The pipeline adapter joint 33 adopts a standard straight-through reduced-diameter pneumatic quick connector. The pipeline limiting jacket is divided into two sleeve structures. One end of the first sleeve 31 is threadedly connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6, and the other end is threadedly connected to the second sleeve 32. The ventilation pipeline 4 passes through the inner hole of the sleeve. The stepped surfaces of the two sleeves limit the axial displacement of the pipeline adapter joint 33, but do not affect the radial rotation of the pipeline adapter joint 33.
[0031] Further, as Figure 3 shown, the cabin connection assembly 5 includes a vacuum gauge 51, a stop valve 52, a sealing partition 53, and a connecting pipe cavity 54, where: the connecting pipe cavity 54 is a tubular structure with a flange at one end; the flange end of the connecting pipe cavity 54 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vacuum sealing cavity 1; the other end of the connecting pipe cavity 54 is sequentially connected to the sealing partition 53 and the stop valve 52; the vacuum gauge 51 is communicated with the inside of the connecting pipe cavity 54 and is located between the sealing partition 53 and the flange end; the other end of the ventilation pipeline 4 passes through the connecting pipe cavity 54 and is connected to the sealing partition 53 through a quick-break threaded joint.
[0032] Further, the vacuum gauge 51 is a standard component and is welded to the connecting pipe cavity 54 by argon arc welding; the stop valve 52 is a standard component with a pipe diameter of φ10 mm; the sealing partition 53 is a flat plate structure with a threaded hole in the middle; both the connecting pipe cavity 54 and the sealing partition 53 and the stop valve 52 are connected and sealed through standard KF vacuum clamps.
[0033] Specifically, the cabin connection assembly 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing cavity 1 and is used for connecting the ventilation pipeline 4 with an external air supply device. The cabin connection assembly 5 includes a vacuum gauge 51, a stop valve 52, a sealing partition 53, and a connecting pipe cavity 54; the connecting pipe cavity 54 is a tubular structure with a flange at one end. The flange end is connected to the cabin of the vacuum sealing cavity 1 and is sealed with an O-ring inside. The other end is sequentially connected to the sealing partition 53 and the stop valve 52. The connecting pipe cavity 54 and the sealing partition 53 and the stop valve 52 are connected and sealed through standard KF vacuum clamps; the sealing partition 53 is a flat plate structure with a threaded hole in the middle and is connected to the ventilation pipeline 4 through a standard pneumatic quick-break threaded joint; the stop valve 52 preferably adopts a standard component with a pipe diameter of Φ10 mm; the vacuum gauge 51 is selected as a standard component and is installed on the connecting pipe cavity 54 between the sealing partition 53 and the cabin of the vacuum sealing cavity 1. The vacuum gauge 51 is communicated with the inside of the connecting pipe cavity 54, and the two are connected and sealed through an argon arc welding seam.
[0034] More specifically, the sealing bulkhead 53 and the stop valve 52 can withstand an external pressure load of not less than 0.5 MPa. After the cabin connection assembly 5 is connected and assembled, the flange end of the pipe connection cavity 54 is sealed and vacuumed. The connection between the pipe connection cavity 54 and the vacuum gauge 51, the stop valve 52, and the sealing bulkhead 53 must meet the leakage rate of no more than 1×10 -6 Pa·m 3 After the cabin connection assembly 5 is connected to the cabin of the vacuum sealing chamber 1, the vacuum sealing chamber 1 is evacuated and the connection between the connecting cavity 54 and the cabin of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 is tested. The leakage rate is also required to be no more than 1×10 -6 Pa·m 3 / s.
[0035] Furthermore, the pressure vessel shell 6 is a thin-walled spherical cylindrical shell structure. In the embodiment of the present application, the thin-walled pressure vessel shell 6 is preferably a spherical cylindrical tank shell with a diameter of 1500 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm.
[0036] Furthermore, the ventilation pipeline 4 is made of flexible material, and its bearing capacity for internal pressure load is ≥0.2MPa, and includes a first ventilation pipeline 41 and a second ventilation pipeline 42, wherein: the diameter of the first ventilation pipeline 41 is Φ10mm×1mm, and it is arranged between the pipeline adapter joint 33 and the sealing partition 53; the diameter of the second ventilation pipeline 42 is Φ6mm×1mm, and it is arranged between the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6 and the pipeline adapter joint 33.
[0037] Furthermore, the length of the first ventilation line 41 is 1.5 times the displacement length of the pressure vessel shell 6 during welding; the length of the second ventilation line 42 is ≥ 1 / 4 of the diameter of the pressure vessel shell 6; the gap between the outer diameter of the second ventilation line 42 and the inner diameter of the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6 is greater than 1mm.
[0038] Specifically, the ventilation line 4 is made of flexible material, which can move, rotate and twist with the shell when the shell is welded, and it can withstand an internal pressure load of not less than 0.2MPa. In the embodiment of the present application, the ventilation line 4 adopts a plastic high-pressure hose, which is subjected to a 0.2MPa pressure test before use. After the test, the pipeline is qualified if there is no damage or cracks. The ventilation line 4 is divided into two sections as a whole. The diameter of the first ventilation line 41 is Φ10mm×1mm, which is arranged between the pipeline adapter joint 33 and the sealing partition 53; the diameter of the second ventilation line 42 is Φ6mm×1mm, which is arranged between the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6 and the pipeline adapter joint 33.
[0039] More specifically, the length of the first ventilation pipeline 41 is 1.5 times the displacement length of the pressure vessel shell 6 during the welding process. The pipeline is suspended in the vacuum sealing chamber 1 of the welding equipment. Before the formal welding, a simulated welding is carried out to verify that the ventilation pipeline 4 does not interfere with the displacement of the structures in the vacuum sealing chamber 1 of the welding equipment and the pressure vessel shell 6, and that the ventilation pipeline 4 does not generate forces and torques that affect the welding of the pressure vessel shell 6 during the welding process. The length of the first ventilation pipeline 41 is preferably 300 mm. The second ventilation pipeline 42 extends into the pressure vessel shell 6 through a nozzle, and the extension length is preferably 240 mm. The inner diameter of the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6 is preferably Φ8 mm, and there is at least a 1-mm gap between the nozzle and the second ventilation pipeline 42 for the gas inside the pressure vessel shell 6 to flow outwards.
[0040] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for using a vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell. Taking a spherical-cylindrical storage tank shell with a diameter of 1500 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm as an example, the vacuum welding method used is vacuum electron beam welding, and the weld to be welded is the equatorial weld on the cylindrical section. The welding process specifically includes the following steps:
[0041] Step 1: Install and fix the pressure vessel shell 6 on the welding workbench 2 inside the vacuum sealing chamber 1;
[0042] Specifically, the assembled pressure vessel shell 6 is tightened and fixed using a tooling and then transferred and rotated into the vacuum sealing chamber 1 of the welding equipment. Then, the pressure vessel shell 6 is fixed on the welding workbench 2, and the welding workbench 2 drives the pressure vessel shell 6 to rotate along the axis to complete the welding of the equatorial weld.
[0043] Step 2: Connect one end of the ventilation pipeline 4 to the gas supply device through the cabin connection assembly 5, and fixedly install the cabin connection assembly 5 on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber 1;
[0044] Step 2.1: Pass the first ventilation pipeline 41 through the second sleeve 32 of the pipeline limit clamp sleeve; then connect the first ventilation pipeline 41 and the second ventilation pipeline 42 through the pipeline adapter joint 33, pass the first sleeve 31 through the second ventilation pipeline 42 and thread it with the second sleeve 32;
[0045] Step 2.2: Weld the vacuum gauge 51 to the connection pipe cavity 54. Subsequently, pass the first ventilation pipeline 41 into the flange end of the connection pipe cavity 54 and connect it to the sealing partition 53 through a pneumatic threaded quick-break joint. Finally, connect the sealing partition 53 and the stop valve 52 to the connection pipe cavity 54 in sequence through a vacuum sealing clamp;
[0046] Step 2.3: Connect the cabin connection assembly 5 to the opening on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 through the flange of the connection pipe cavity 54, and then suspend and distribute the ventilation pipeline 4 in the vacuum sealing chamber 1 around the pressure vessel shell 6.
[0047] Step 3: Insert the other end of the ventilation pipeline 4 into the nozzle inside the pressure vessel shell 6 and fix it through the nozzle connection assembly 3, and then conduct a simulation welding inspection on the movement interference of the gas supply device;
[0048] Specifically, insert the second ventilation pipeline 42 into the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6, then thread-connect the first sleeve 31 of the pipeline limit clamp sleeve with the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell 6, and finally evacuate the vacuum sealing chamber 1 and start the simulation welding program; check whether the ventilation pipeline 4 will have movement interference with the welding equipment and the pressure vessel shell 6 during the welding process. If there is interference, adjust the hanging and distribution positions of the ventilation pipeline 4. If there is no interference, proceed with the welding.
[0049] Step 4: Turn off the gas supply device and evacuate the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 to make the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6 and the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 balanced to a vacuum state;
[0050] Specifically, close the stop valve 52, then start the vacuum pump of the welding equipment to evacuate the vacuum sealing chamber 1. The gas inside the pressure vessel shell 6 flows out through the gap between the nozzle and the ventilation pipeline 4, and finally the air pressure inside the pressure vessel shell 6 and the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 is balanced.
[0051] Step 5: When the vacuum degree in the vacuum sealing chamber 1 meets the welding requirements, start welding the pressure vessel shell 6; when the vacuum gauge 51 on the cabin connection assembly 5 shows that the vacuum degree meets not higher than 5×10 -2 Pa, start the welding program to weld the equatorial seam of the pressure vessel shell 6.
[0052] Step 6: After welding is completed, turn on the gas supply device to supply gas into the pressure vessel shell 6. The gas will overflow from the nozzle into the vacuum sealing chamber 1 and finally return to the atmospheric pressure.
[0053] Specifically, after waiting for 15 minutes after welding is completed, open the stop valve 52 to supply gas into the pressure vessel shell 6 through the atmospheric pressure. After the gas reaches the inside of the pressure vessel shell 6, it flows out through the gap between the nozzle and the ventilation pipeline 4, and finally the air pressure inside the pressure vessel shell 6 and the inside of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 is balanced. When the value displayed on the vacuum gauge 51 is greater than 1×10 5 Pa, open the hatch of the vacuum sealing chamber 1 and remove the welded pressure vessel shell 6 to complete the welding.
[0054] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum sealed cabin, a welding workbench, a nozzle connection assembly, a ventilation pipeline and a cabin connection assembly, wherein: The welding workbench is arranged inside the vacuum sealing cabin, and comprises a welding platform and a fixed support frame, wherein the fixed support frame is arranged on one side of the welding platform and is used to fix the pressure vessel shell; The ventilation pipeline is arranged inside the vacuum sealed cabin; One end of the ventilation pipeline is connected to the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell through the nozzle connection assembly; The cabin connection assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the vacuum sealing cabin; The other end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the outer wall of the vacuum sealing cabin and is connected to the cabin body connecting assembly.
2. The thin-walled pressure vessel shell vacuum welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle connection assembly includes a pipeline limiting jacket and a pipeline adapter joint, wherein: The pipeline limiting clamping sleeve is buckled on the outside of the pipeline adapter joint, and includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve; One end of the first sleeve is connected to the thread of the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell, and the other end is connected to the second sleeve; The second sleeve is integrally buckled on the outside of the pipeline adapter to limit the axial displacement of the pipeline adapter; One end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the pipeline adapter joint and enters the interior of the pressure container shell.
3. The vacuum welding device for thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cabin connection assembly includes a vacuum gauge, a stop valve, a sealing baffle and a connecting pipe cavity, wherein: The connecting pipe cavity is a tubular structure with a flange at one end; The flange end of the connecting pipe cavity is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vacuum sealing cabin; The other end of the connecting pipe cavity is connected to the sealing partition and the stop valve in sequence; The vacuum gauge is in communication with the interior of the connecting pipe cavity and is located between the sealing partition and the flange end; The other end of the ventilation pipeline passes through the connecting pipe cavity and is connected to the sealing partition through a quick-disconnect threaded joint.
4. The vacuum welding device for thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vacuum gauge is a standard part and is welded to the connecting cavity by argon arc welding; The stop valve is a standard part with a pipe diameter of φ10mm; The sealing partition is a flat plate structure with a threaded hole in the middle; The connecting pipe cavity is connected and sealed with the sealing partition and the stop valve through a standard KF vacuum clamp.
5. The vacuum welding device for thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure vessel shell is a thin-walled spherical cylindrical shell structure.
6. The vacuum welding device for thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation pipeline is made of flexible material, and has an internal pressure load bearing capacity of ≥0.2MPa, and includes a first ventilation pipeline and a second ventilation pipeline, wherein: The first ventilation pipeline has a diameter of Φ10 mm×1 mm and is arranged between the pipeline adapter and the sealing partition; The second ventilation pipeline has a diameter of Φ6mm×1mm and is arranged between the inside of the pressure vessel shell and the pipeline adapter joint.
7. The vacuum welding device for thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the first ventilation pipeline is 1.5 times the displacement length of the pressure vessel shell during welding; the length of the second ventilation pipeline is ≥ 1 / 4 of the diameter of the pressure vessel shell; the gap between the outer diameter of the second ventilation pipeline and the inner diameter of the pressure vessel shell nozzle is greater than 1mm.
8. A method for using the vacuum welding device for a thin-walled pressure vessel shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Install and fix the pressure vessel shell on the welding workbench inside the vacuum sealing cabin; Step 2: Connect one end of the ventilation pipeline to the air supply device through the cabin connection assembly, and fix the cabin connection assembly on the outer wall of the vacuum sealed cabin; Step 3: Extend the other end of the ventilation pipeline into the nozzle of the pressure vessel shell and fix it through the nozzle connection assembly, and then simulate the motion interference of the welding inspection gas supply device; Step 4: Turn off the gas supply device and evacuate the inside of the vacuum sealed cabin so that the inside of the pressure vessel shell and the inside of the vacuum sealed cabin are balanced to a vacuum state; Step 5: When the vacuum degree in the vacuum sealing chamber meets the welding requirements, start welding the pressure vessel shell; Step 6: After welding is completed, open the gas supply device to supply gas to the inside of the pressure vessel shell. The gas will overflow from the nozzle into the vacuum sealing chamber and eventually return to atmospheric pressure.