A self-suction type fiber laser cutting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a self-suction type optical fiber laser cutting machine, which comprises a bed body, a workbench arranged in the bed body, a gantry arranged on the bed body, a laser cutting head arranged on the gantry, a self-suction device installed in the workbench and capable of moving along with the laser cutting head, a cooling assembly arranged at the front end of the self-suction device, a cyclone separation assembly arranged at the middle section of the self-suction device and a filtering assembly arranged at the tail end of the self-suction device. The self-suction device can accurately move along with the cutting head through linkage of the real-time position of the moving assembly and the laser cutting head, so that the suction range can always cover the cutting area. The cooling assembly adopts a water tank embedded with a right-angle bent tube-shaped slag cooling pipe, and is combined with a spoke type contact plate design. Through heat exchange of cold water and the inclined contact plate, the temperature of the molten residue can be rapidly reduced. Through the synergistic effect of the cyclone separation assembly and the filtering assembly, efficient separation of smoke dust and residue can be realized, and the flue gas can be purified in two stages through a Y-shaped filter and an activated carbon layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting machines, in particular to a self-suction type fiber laser cutting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fiber laser cutting machine is an advanced laser processing equipment. It uses the high-energy density laser beam generated by the fiber laser to focus on the workpiece surface, so that the material is instantaneously melted or vaporized, thereby realizing precise cutting. During the cutting process, the high-energy laser beam acting on the material surface will produce a large amount of high-temperature smoke and molten slag. These by-products not only pollute the working environment and harm the health of the operators, but also affect the cutting quality and even damage the equipment.

[0003] In the prior art, the movable dust collection mode following the laser cutting head is adopted. The dust collection head is connected with the pipeline to suck the smoke and molten slag generated during laser cutting. However, the high-temperature molten slag directly entering the pipeline is easy to cause damage to the inner wall of the pipeline, and will adhere to the wall, affecting the service life. In addition, the power and energy consumption of the suction equipment cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the amount of smoke generated during cutting. In addition, the filtering device mostly adopts a single filtering mode, and the purification effect of fine particles and harmful gases is limited, and the residue collection and processing efficiency is low.

[0004] A self-suction type fiber laser cutting machine is disclosed in Chinese patent CN118287857A. It includes a base, a workbench, and a laser cutting assembly. The base is hollow inside and has an open upper end. The workbench is located inside the base. Multiple through-slots are formed in the workbench along its thickness direction. A self-suction assembly is arranged on the lower side of the workbench to suck harmful gases and molten materials generated during cutting. The self-suction assembly moves with the laser generator. After the high-pressure air pump is started, the suction head generates suction force, thereby sucking away the harmful gases and splashed molten materials generated during the cutting of the workpiece by the cutting head, reducing the pollution of the harmful gases to the working environment. The invention moves the self-suction assembly with the laser generator to reduce the splashing of molten materials adhering to the surface of the laser cutting assembly and the workpiece, ensuring the normal operation of the laser cutting assembly, reducing the subsequent cleaning process of the workpiece, and improving the production efficiency. However, the hose connected to the suction head will be scalded by the high-temperature slag, and the slag will adhere to the inner wall of the hose, causing blockage. The high-pressure air pump used cannot adjust its operating efficiency according to the amount of smoke, and does not have multiple slag separation modes, so the dust collection effect is not good. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the defects in the background art and provide a self-suction type fiber laser cutting machine.

[0006] The application achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical scheme: a self-suction type optical fiber laser cutting machine is provided, comprising a bed body which is hollow and has an open upper end, a workbench is arranged in the bed body, a gantry is movably arranged on the bed body through a moving seat, a laser cutting head is movably arranged on the gantry, a self-suction device which moves with the laser cutting head is installed in the workbench, and the self-suction device is used for suction of smoke and molten residue generated during cutting operation of the laser cutting head; a cooling assembly which is used for cooling high-temperature molten residue just sucked in is arranged at the front end of the self-suction device, a cyclone separation assembly which is used for separating smoke and molten residue is arranged at the middle section of the self-suction device, and a filtering assembly which is used for filtering smoke is arranged at the tail end of the self-suction device; the self-suction device further comprises a moving assembly which drives the self-suction device to move with the laser cutting head, and a moving plate which drives the front end of the self-suction device to move and suck is arranged on the moving assembly.

[0007] Further, the moving assembly comprises two first motors which are respectively fixedly installed on two sides of the workbench, first screws are respectively connected to the output ends of the first motors, the other ends of the first screws are rotatably installed on the workbench, a residue collecting box is arranged between the two first screws, connecting ears are arranged on the two end sides of the residue collecting box, connecting screw holes which are matched with the first screws are formed in the connecting ears, mounting blocks are fixedly and connected to the top ends of the residue collecting box, second motors are installed on the side surfaces of the mounting blocks, a second screw is rotatably arranged between the two mounting blocks, the output end of the second motor is connected to the second screw, the moving plate is threadedly connected to the second screw, a guide rod is arranged between the two mounting blocks on one side of the second screw, and the guide rod penetrates through the moving plate.

[0008] Further, a magnetic grating ruler or an optical grating ruler is installed on the X / Y axis guide rail of the laser cutting head, and the coordinate position thereof is acquired in real time; the position data of the laser cutting head is transmitted to the control unit of the moving assembly in real time through a high-speed industrial bus.

[0009] Further, the first end of the self-suction device comprises the temperature-lowering assembly and a funnel-shaped suction head; the temperature-lowering assembly comprises a water tank mounted on the moving plate, a slag temperature-lowering pipe in the shape of a right-angle bend is arranged in the water tank, two ends of the slag temperature-lowering pipe are connected to the top surface and the side surface of the water tank respectively, a plurality of radially arranged contact plates are arranged in the slag temperature-lowering pipe, the contact plates are evenly distributed in the shape of a spoke and are attached to the inner wall of the pipe along the center line of the right-angle bend of the slag temperature-lowering pipe at intervals, and a water inlet cavity in communication with the cold water in the water tank is formed in each contact plate; the top surface of the water tank is provided with the suction head, the tail of the suction head is connected with a connecting pipe in communication with the slag temperature-lowering pipe, and the inner diameter of the connecting pipe is smaller than that of the slag temperature-lowering pipe.

[0010] Further, the cyclone separation assembly comprises a cyclone separation barrel mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting tank, the lower cone of the cyclone separation barrel extends into the slag collecting tank, a suction pipe is connected to the tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel, the other end of the suction pipe is mounted on the side surface of the water tank and is in communication with the slag temperature-lowering pipe, the inner diameter of the suction pipe is smaller than that of the slag temperature-lowering pipe, and an air outlet pipe is connected to the top air outlet of the cyclone separation barrel; a mounting box is connected to the side surface of the tank body of the slag collecting tank, a centrifugal fan is mounted in the mounting box, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the centrifugal fan.

[0011] Further, the suction pipe comprises a metal pipe mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting tank and a hose connected to the metal pipe, the other end of the hose is connected to the side surface of the water tank and is in communication with the slag temperature-lowering pipe, a pipe clamp is arranged at the end of the metal pipe connected to the hose, the pipe clamp is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting tank, and the other end of the metal pipe is connected to the tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel; a smoke dust concentration sensor is mounted on the outer surface of the metal pipe.

[0012] Further, the filtering assembly comprises a Y-shaped filter connected to the air outlet of the centrifugal fan, the Y-shaped filter comprises a filter cylinder and a filter screen arranged in the filter cylinder, a detachable bottom cover is arranged at the bottom of the filter cylinder, a purification cylinder is connected to the outlet of the Y-shaped filter, and an activated carbon layer is arranged in the purification cylinder.

[0013] Further, the slag temperature-lowering pipe, the connecting pipe, the metal pipe and the air outlet pipe are made of stainless steel, the hose is a plastic hose, and a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating is coated on the inner wall of the hose.

[0014] Further, the bottom of the slag collecting box is provided with a discharge pipe, a discharge valve is sealingly installed on the discharge pipe; the inner side of the workbench is provided with a guide rail, the connecting ears at both ends of the slag collecting box move in the guide rail respectively, and a residue collecting trolley for receiving and transporting residues is arranged below the slag collecting box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. By moving the assembly and the real-time position of the laser cutting head linkage, the self-suction device can accurately follow the cutting head movement, ensuring that the suction range always covers the cutting area; the cooling assembly adopts a water tank embedded with a right-angle bent tube-shaped slag cooling pipe, combined with a spoke-type contact plate design, which quickly reduces the temperature of the molten residue through heat exchange between cold water and inclined contact plates, avoids pipe blockage and high-temperature damage, and additionally cooperates with flow rate control (gradient design of pipe diameter of connecting pipe and slag cooling pipe) to prolong the residence time of the slag, optimize the cooling effect, and reduce pipe wear.

[0017] 2. Through the synergistic effect of the cyclone separation assembly and the filtering assembly, efficient separation of smoke dust and residues is realized. The cyclone separation bucket uses centrifugal force to throw solid residues into the slag collecting box, while the flue gas is purified by a Y-type filter and an activated carbon layer to effectively remove fine particles and harmful gases, ensuring that the emission meets environmental protection standards. The bottom of the slag collecting box is provided with a discharge valve for quick residue cleaning and unloading, improving work efficiency.

[0018] 3. The smoke dust concentration sensor and PLC control system are integrated to monitor the smoke dust concentration in real time and dynamically adjust the power of the centrifugal fan, achieving a balance between suction efficiency and energy consumption. The combination design of hose (inner wall with high-temperature resistant ceramic coating) and metal pipe takes into account flexibility and durability, and the protective net protects the sensor, prolonging the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the workbench and self-suction device in the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the self-suction device in the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a top view of the self-suction device in the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the cross-sectional view of A-A in the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view and a cross-sectional view of the slag cooling pipe in the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a filtering assembly in the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1-bed body, 2-workbench, 3-gantry, 4-laser cutting head, 5-cooling assembly, 6-cyclone separation assembly, 7-filtering assembly, 8-moving assembly, 9-moving plate, 10-slag collecting box, 11-suction head, 12-mounting box, 13-pipe clamp, 14-smoke dust concentration sensor;

[0027] 51-water tank, 52-slag cooling pipe, 61-cyclone separation barrel, 62-suction pipe, 63-air outlet pipe, 64-centrifugal fan, 71-Y-shaped filter, 72-purification cylinder, 81-first motor, 82-first screw rod, 83-second motor, 84-second screw rod, 85-guide rod, 111-connection pipe, 521-contact plate, 522-water inlet cavity, 621-metal pipe, 622-hose, 711-filter cylinder, 712-filter screen, 713-bottom cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] Embodiment one

[0031] In combination Figures 1-7The self-suction type fiber laser cutting machine shown comprises a bed body 1 which is internally hollow and has an open upper end, a workbench 2 is arranged in the bed body 1, a gantry 3 is movably arranged on the bed body 1 through a moving base, a laser cutting head 4 is movably arranged on the gantry 3, a self-suction device which moves along with the laser cutting head 4 is installed in the workbench 2, and the self-suction device is used for sucking the smoke and molten residues generated during the cutting operation of the laser cutting head 4; a cooling assembly 5 which is used for cooling the high-temperature molten residues just sucked in is arranged at the front end of the self-suction device, a cyclone separation assembly 6 which is used for separating the smoke and molten residues is arranged at the middle section of the self-suction device, and a filtering assembly 7 which is used for filtering the smoke is arranged at the tail end of the self-suction device; the self-suction device further comprises a moving assembly 8 which drives the self-suction device to move along with the laser cutting head 4, and a moving plate 9 which drives the front end of the self-suction device to move and suck is arranged on the moving assembly 8.

[0032] As shown in the figure, Figures 2-3 The moving assembly 8 comprises two first motors 81 which are respectively fixedly installed on the two sides of the workbench 2, the output ends of the first motors 81 are respectively connected with first screws 82, the other ends of the first screws 82 are rotatably installed on the workbench 2, a residue collecting box 10 is arranged between the two first screws 82, connecting ears are arranged on the two end sides of the residue collecting box 10, and connecting screw holes which are matched with the first screws 82 are formed in the connecting ears; mounting blocks are fixedly and connected at the top two ends of the residue collecting box 10, a second motor 83 is installed on the side surface of the mounting block, a second screw 84 is rotatably arranged between the two mounting blocks, and the output end of the second motor 83 is connected with the second screw 84; the moving plate 9 is threadedly connected with the second screw 84, guide rods 85 are arranged between the two mounting blocks on one side of the second screw 84, and the guide rods 85 penetrate through the moving plate 9; a magnetic grating ruler or an optical grating ruler is installed on the X / Y axis guide rail of the laser cutting head 4, and the coordinate position thereof is acquired in real time; the position data of the laser cutting head 4 is transmitted to the control unit of the moving assembly 8 in real time through a high-speed industrial bus; guide rails are arranged on the inner side of the workbench 2, and the connecting ears at the two ends of the residue collecting box 10 move in the guide rails.

[0033] In use, the control unit can adopt a PLC controller, the two first motors 81 in the moving assembly 8 drive the two first screws 82 to synchronously rotate, the residue collecting box 10 is driven to move along with the laser cutting head 4 in the X-axis direction through the screw connection between the first screws 82 and the two connecting ears of the residue collecting box 10, the second screw 84 is driven to rotate through the control of the rotation of the second motor 83, and the moving plate 9 is driven to move through the guide rods 85, so that the moving plate 9 moves along with the laser cutting head 4 in the Y direction, and thus the moving plate 9 with the suction head 11 moves below the rack on the bed body to suck the smoke and molten residues generated during the laser cutting.

[0034] As shown in the figure, Figures 5-6As shown, the first end of the self-suction device includes a cooling assembly 5 and a funnel-shaped suction head 11; the cooling assembly 5 includes a water tank 51 mounted on the moving plate 9, the water tank 51 is provided with a slag cooling pipe 52 of a right-angle bend pipe structure, the two ends of the slag cooling pipe 52 are respectively connected to the top surface and the side surface of the water tank 51, a plurality of inclined contact plates 521 are arranged in the slag cooling pipe 52, the contact plates 521 are evenly distributed in a spoke manner and are attached to the inner wall of the pipe along the center line of the right-angle bend of the slag cooling pipe 52, and a water inlet cavity 522 in communication with the cold water in the water tank 51 is formed in each contact plate 521; the top surface of the water tank 51 is provided with the suction head 11, and the tail portion of the suction head 11 is connected with a connecting pipe 111 in communication with the slag cooling pipe 52, and the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 111 is smaller than the inner diameter of the slag cooling pipe 52;

[0035] The self-suction device follows the laser cutting head 4 through the moving assembly 8 to ensure that the suction range always covers the cutting area; during suction, the centrifugal fan 64 in the cyclone separation assembly 6 is started, the smoke and molten slag generated during the laser cutting process are sucked by the suction head 11, and then the smoke and slag enter the slag cooling pipe 52 through the suction head 11 and the connecting pipe 111. Figure 6 As shown, on the one hand, a plurality of inclined contact plates 521 are arranged in the slag cooling pipe 52 and attached to the inner wall of the slag cooling pipe 52, so that when the molten slag enters the slag cooling pipe 52, it will inevitably contact the contact plates 521, and on the other hand, the slag cooling pipe 52 is in the water tank 51, and the water tank 51 stores cold water, which will enter the water inlet cavity 522 and fill the inside of each contact plate 521 to reduce the temperature of the contact plates 521, so that the molten slag will contact the contact plates 521 and exchange heat when passing through the slag cooling pipe 52, thereby reducing the temperature of the molten slag;

[0036] In addition, since the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 111 is smaller than the inner diameter of the slag cooling pipe 52, the flow speed of the molten slag in the connecting pipe 111 will decrease according to the calculation of the continuity equation = A · v (constant flow), which prolongs the residence time of the molten slag in the slag cooling pipe 52, so that it can fully exchange heat with the low-temperature contact plates 521, thereby reducing the temperature of the molten slag, avoiding damage to the conveying pipe caused by high temperature, and adhering to the pipe wall; in addition, low-speed flow reduces the impact and wear of the slag on the inner wall of the slag cooling pipe 52, and the inclined design of the contact plates 521 promotes the breaking and cooling efficiency of the slag, and the breaking effect of the contact plates 521 optimizes the subsequent slag treatment effect.

[0037] As shown, Figures 3-5As shown, the cyclone separation assembly 6 includes a cyclone separation barrel 61 mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting box 10, the lower cone of the cyclone separation barrel 61 extends into the slag collecting box 10, a tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel 61 is connected with a suction pipe 62, the other end of the suction pipe 62 is mounted on the side surface of the water tank 51 and communicates with the molten slag cooling pipe 52, the inner diameter size of the suction pipe 62 is smaller than the inner diameter size of the molten slag cooling pipe 52, and a top air outlet of the cyclone separation barrel 61 is connected with an air outlet pipe 63; a mounting box 12 is connected on the side surface of the box body of the slag collecting box 10, a centrifugal fan 64 is mounted in the mounting box 12, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 63 is connected with the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 64.

[0038] After the molten slag is cooled, it continues to pass through the suction pipe 62 together with the flue gas, and the inner diameter size of the suction pipe 62 is smaller than the inner diameter size of the molten slag cooling pipe 52, so that the flow rate of the molten slag increases after entering the suction pipe 62, thereby ensuring that the slag enters the cyclone separation barrel 61 efficiently. Through the centrifugal force of the cyclone separation barrel 61, the solid slag is thrown into the slag collecting box 10, and the flue gas enters the filtering assembly 7 through the air outlet pipe 63 and the centrifugal fan 64, and continues to filter the fine particles and harmful gases in the flue gas. The slag collecting box 10 is designed to be sealed to avoid air leakage and ensure stable operation of the cyclone separation barrel. The bottom of the slag collecting box 10 is provided with a discharge pipe, and a discharge valve is sealingly mounted on the discharge pipe. The molten slag in the slag collecting box 10 can be discharged to a slag collecting trolley below the slag collecting box 10 by opening the discharge valve. The slag collecting trolley carries the molten slag out. In addition, a vibrator can be installed on the outer side wall of the slag collecting box 10. The discharge effect of the slag in the slag collecting box 10 can be enhanced when discharging through the discharge pipe, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved.

[0039] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 7 The filtering assembly 7 includes a Y-type filter 71 connected and mounted with the air outlet of the centrifugal fan 64. The Y-type filter 71 includes a filter cylinder 711 and a filter screen 712 arranged in the filter cylinder 711. The bottom of the filter cylinder 711 is provided with a detachable bottom cover 713. The outlet of the Y-type filter 71 is connected with a purification cylinder 72, and the purification cylinder 72 is provided with an activated carbon layer. In use, the flue gas is pressurized by the centrifugal fan 64 and enters the filtering assembly 7, and then passes through the filter screen 712 of the Y-type filter 71 and the activated carbon layer of the purification cylinder 72 in sequence. The finally purified gas is discharged to the outside, and the fine particles in the flue gas are filtered by the filter screen 712 and remain in the Y-type filter 71. The particles can be cleaned out by opening the bottom cover 713.

[0040] Example Two

[0041] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the air suction pipe 62 in the present embodiment is divided into a metal pipe 621 installed on the top surface of the slag collecting box 10 and a hose 622 connected with the metal pipe 621. The other end of the hose 622 is connected with a water tank 51 installed on the side surface of the slag cooling pipe 52. The metal pipe 621 is provided with a pipe clamp 13 at the end connected with the hose 622. The pipe clamp 13 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the slag collecting box 10. The other end of the metal pipe 621 is connected with the tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel 61. The outer surface of the metal pipe 621 is provided with a smoke dust concentration sensor 14.

[0042] In use, the hose 622 is a plastic hose, and the inner wall thereof is coated with a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating. The hose 622 is convenient to stretch and can move along with the water tank. The metal pipe 621 is connected with the tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel 61 at one end and is fixedly installed on the top surface of the slag collecting box 10 through the pipe clamp 13 at the other end. The metal pipe 621 is provided with the smoke dust concentration sensor 14. The flue gas passing through the metal pipe 621 has completed cooling and the temperature is stable within the tolerance range of the smoke dust concentration sensor 14. The flue gas has not been filtered by the cyclone separation barrel 61, and the actual concentration of the smoke dust in the cutting process can be truly reflected. The detection data of the smoke dust concentration sensor 14 is transmitted to the control unit, and the power and motor speed of the centrifugal fan 64 are dynamically adjusted through the PLC controller to optimize the suction efficiency and reduce the energy consumption. In addition, a protective net can be additionally arranged outside the smoke dust concentration sensor 14 to avoid the molten slag particles directly impacting the sensor, thereby prolonging the service life. The protective net is made of a high-transmittance metal net (such as a stainless steel fine mesh net), which can block larger particles and does not hinder the smoke dust from passing through, thereby ensuring the detection accuracy.

[0043] The slag cooling pipe 52, the connecting pipe 111, the metal pipe 621 and the air outlet pipe 63 are made of stainless steel, and the hose 622 is a plastic hose, and the inner wall thereof is coated with a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating.

[0044] The working principle of the present application: the mobile assembly 8 drives the self-suction device to follow the movement of the laser cutting head 4 according to the real-time position data of the laser cutting head 4, ensuring that the suction range always covers the cutting area; the funnel-shaped suction head 11 at the front end of the self-suction device inhales high-temperature flue gas and molten residue, which is cooled through the molten slag cooling pipe 52 of the cooling assembly 5. During the cooling process, the molten residue collides with the inclined contact plate 521, further breaks and exchanges heat with the cold water in the water tank 51; the cooled mixture flows into the cyclone separation assembly 6, and through the centrifugal force of the cyclone separation barrel 61, the solid residue is thrown into the residue collection tank 10, and the flue gas enters the next link through the air outlet pipe 63; among them, through the change of the pipe diameter from small to large to small, the system realizes the dynamic adjustment of the flow rate from high to low to high, the connection pipe 111 inhales at high speed, ensuring that the smoke and dust in the cutting area is sucked in time, the molten slag cooling pipe 52 cools at low speed, maximizing heat exchange, and the air suction pipe 62 transports at high speed, ensuring that the residue enters the cyclone separation assembly efficiently; finally, the flue gas enters the filtering assembly 7 after being pressurized by the centrifugal fan 64, passes through the filter screen 712 of the Y-shaped filter 71 and the activated carbon layer of the purification cylinder 72 in turn, and the finally purified gas is discharged to the outside.

[0045] It should be noted that for the above-mentioned mobile assembly 8 driving the self-suction device to move with the laser cutting head 4, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) widely used in industrial automation can be used to control the X / Y / Z axis movement of the laser cutting head, and the speed and direction of the synchronous driving motor (such as the first motor and the second motor), receive the real-time position data of the sensor (such as the magnetic grating ruler, the optical grating ruler), and realize communication with the mobile assembly 8 through the high-speed industrial bus, so as to realize cutting logic programming and servo motor control through PLC, in addition, when synchronously controlling the operation of the two first motors 81, an encoder or a position sensor can also be provided to monitor the motor speed and screw position in real time, and feedback to the PLC control unit for dynamic adjustment, further ensuring the synchronization accuracy, and making the dust collection function of the laser cutting machine more stable.

[0046] For the means of controlling the water temperature in the water tank 51 in the present application to enable it to continuously cool the molten residue through heat exchange, the water in the water tank can be cooled by connecting the water tank with external circulating water cooling equipment; or heat dissipation fins are installed on the outer wall of the water tank, and an axial flow fan is arranged to force air convection, which combines natural convection and forced air cooling for heat dissipation, without the need for complex external equipment, suitable for small and medium-sized equipment or intermittent operation scenes.

[0047] For the inner diameter size relationship of the connecting pipe 111, the air suction pipe 62 and the slag cooling pipe 52, according to the calculation of continuity equation = A · v (flow constant). When the inner diameter size of the connecting pipe 111 is 1 / 2 of the inner diameter size of the slag cooling pipe 52, then after calculation, the flow rate of the slag entering the slag cooling pipe 52 is reduced to 25% of the flow rate in the connecting pipe 111, that is, reduced by 75%, thereby prolonging the residence time of the slag and optimizing the cooling effect. In actual use, the size of the pipe inner diameter needs to be determined according to the actual situation, so as to reduce the flow rate of the slag in the slag cooling pipe 52, so as to strengthen the slag cooling.

[0048] The smoke concentration sensor 14 in the application can select a laser scattering type smoke concentration sensor (such as SICK GM700), which has high precision, real-time performance and anti-interference ability, and is highly matched with the system requirements. Through the design of the protective net, the optimization of the installation position and the integration of the signal, the sensor can ensure long-term stable operation in high-temperature and high-dust environment.

[0049] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A self-priming fiber laser cutting machine, comprising a hollow bed (1) with an open top, a worktable (2) inside the bed (1), a gantry frame (3) movable on the bed (1) via a movable seat, and a laser cutting head (4) movable on the gantry frame (3), characterized in that: The workbench (2) is internally provided with a self-suction device which moves along with the laser cutting head (4), and the self-suction device is used for sucking the smoke and molten slag generated when the laser cutting head (4) is cutting; the front end of the self-suction device is provided with a cooling assembly (5) which is used for cooling the high-temperature molten slag just sucked in, the middle section of the self-suction device is provided with a cyclone separation assembly (6) which is used for separating the smoke and molten slag, and the tail end of the self-suction device is provided with a filtering assembly (7) which is used for filtering the smoke; the self-suction device further comprises a moving assembly (8) which drives the self-suction device to move along with the laser cutting head (4), and the moving assembly (8) is provided with a moving plate (9) which drives the front end of the self-suction device to move and suck; The moving assembly (8) comprises two first motors (81) which are fixedly installed on the two sides of the workbench (2), respectively, the output ends of the first motors (81) are connected with first screws (82), respectively, the other ends of the first screws (82) are rotatably installed on the workbench (2), a slag collecting box (10) is arranged between the two first screws (82), connecting ears are arranged on the two end sides of the slag collecting box (10), and connecting screw holes which are matched with the first screws (82) are formed in the connecting ears; mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the top ends of the slag collecting box (10), a second motor (83) is installed on the side surface of the mounting block, a second screw (84) is rotatably arranged between the two mounting blocks, and the output end of the second motor (83) is connected with the second screw (84); the moving plate (9) is threadedly connected to the second screw (84), and a guide rod (85) is arranged between the two mounting blocks on one side of the second screw (84) and penetrates through the moving plate (9); The front end of the self-suction device comprises the cooling assembly (5) and a funnel-shaped suction head (11); the cooling assembly (5) comprises a water tank (51) which is installed on the moving plate (9), a slag cooling pipe (52) which has a right-angle bent pipe structure is arranged in the water tank (51), the two ends of the slag cooling pipe (52) are connected to the top surface and the side surface of the water tank (51), respectively, a plurality of inclined contact plates (521) which are arranged in a radial manner are arranged in the slag cooling pipe (52), the contact plates (521) are uniformly distributed in a spoke manner, are attached to the inner wall of the pipe along the center line of the right-angle bending of the slag cooling pipe (52), and a water inlet cavity (522) which is communicated with the cold water in the water tank (51) is formed in each contact plate (521); the suction head (11) is installed on the top surface of the water tank (51), a connecting pipe (111) which is communicated with the slag cooling pipe (52) is connected to the tail end of the suction head (11), and the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (111) is smaller than the inner diameter of the slag cooling pipe (52); The cyclone separation assembly (6) comprises a cyclone separation barrel (61) mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting box (10), the lower cone of the cyclone separation barrel (61) extends into the slag collecting box (10), a tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel (61) is connected with a suction pipe (62), the other end of the suction pipe (62) is mounted on the side surface of the water tank (51) and communicates with the molten slag cooling pipe (52), the inner diameter of the suction pipe (62) is smaller than the inner diameter of the molten slag cooling pipe (52), and an air outlet of the top of the cyclone separation barrel (61) is connected with an air outlet pipe (63). The suction pipe (62) comprises a metal pipe (621) mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting box (10) and a hose (622) connected with the metal pipe (621), the other end of the hose (622) is connected and mounted on the side surface of the water tank (51) and communicates with the molten slag cooling pipe (52), the end of the metal pipe (621) connected with the hose (622) is provided with a pipe clamp (13), the pipe clamp (13) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the slag collecting box (10), and the other end of the metal pipe (621) is connected with the tangential air inlet of the cyclone separation barrel (61); the outer side surface of the metal pipe (621) is mounted with a smoke dust concentration sensor (14).

2. The self-priming fiber laser cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: A magnetic grating ruler or an optical grating ruler is mounted on the X / Y axis guide rail of the laser cutting head (4) to obtain the coordinate position in real time; the position data of the laser cutting head (4) is transmitted to the control unit of the moving assembly (8) in real time through a high-speed industrial bus.

3. The self-priming fiber laser cutting machine of claim 2, wherein: The filtering assembly (7) comprises a Y-shaped filter (71) connected and mounted with the air outlet of the centrifugal fan (64), the Y-shaped filter (71) comprises a filter cylinder (711) and a filter screen (712) arranged in the filter cylinder (711), the bottom of the filter cylinder (711) is provided with a detachable bottom cover (713), and the outlet of the Y-shaped filter (71) is connected with a purification cylinder (72), and the purification cylinder (72) is mounted with an activated carbon layer.

4. The self-priming fiber laser cutting machine of claim 3, wherein: The molten slag cooling pipe (52), the connecting pipe (111), the metal pipe (621) and the air outlet pipe (63) are all made of stainless steel, the hose (622) is a plastic hose, and the inner wall of the hose (622) is coated with a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating.

5. The self-priming fiber laser cutting machine of claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the slag collecting box (10) is provided with a discharge pipe, a discharge valve is sealingly mounted on the discharge pipe, the inner side of the workbench (2) is provided with a guide rail, the connecting ears at the two ends of the slag collecting box (10) move in the guide rail respectively, and a slag collecting trolley for receiving and transporting residual slag is arranged below the slag collecting box (10).

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