High and cold environment self-adaptive geologic body model 3D printing method

Abstract

The invention provides a high and cold environment self-adaptive geologic body model 3D printing method. The method comprises the steps that a high and cold environment geologic body model is constructed; the geologic body model structure is analyzed through thermal-mechanical coupling simulation, and whether the overall stability of the model structure is qualified or not is judged; further in combination with a material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution cloud picture output by thermal-mechanical coupling simulation in a high and cold environment, a micro-crack range is identified through a graphic processing method, and an interlayer stripping high-risk area is divided; according to the geologic body model with the qualified structural stability and the divided high-risk area position information, a 3D printing model is generated, and printing parameters in the high and cold environment are optimized; 3D printing is conducted according to the generated 3D printing model and the optimized printing parameters; and in the printing process, an online laser scanner is further combined for dynamic fine adjustment and correction of the layer thickness and the printing speed, high-precision 3D printing of the geologic body model in the high and cold environment is achieved, and the problems that in the high and cold environment, 3D printing is poor in stability and low in precision are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alpine geotechnical engineering, and particularly to a 3D printing method for a geological body model adaptable to alpine environments. Background Art

[0002] Geological processes in alpine environments are complex and geological disasters occur frequently, which is not conducive to the construction and economic and social development in alpine regions of our country. Constructing a geological body model of an alpine environment in the laboratory and conducting disaster evolution tests with controllable conditions can avoid the influence of complex natural factors and has higher feasibility and scientificity, but a high-precision geological body model needs to be constructed. 3D printing is a manufacturing technology that constructs objects by layer-by-layer printing, which can quickly construct models with complex three-dimensional morphological structures and can be used to construct three-dimensional models highly similar to actual geological bodies, facilitating cross-scale scientific research on geological disasters in alpine environments.

[0003] However, in alpine environments, due to factors such as low temperature and changes in material properties, the accuracy and stability of 3D printing technology are often affected. During the cooling process of the printing material for geological bodies in alpine environments, greater shrinkage deformation will occur, and this uncontrollable factor makes it difficult to guarantee printing accuracy. In alpine environments, the fluidity of the geological body model material becomes poor and the viscosity increases, resulting in difficulty in its uniform distribution and sufficient curing during the printing process, and the interlayer bonding strength decreases, thus affecting the quality and performance of the model. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can use 3D printing technology to manufacture a high-precision geological body model for alpine environment model tests.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes a 3D printing method for a geological body model adaptable to alpine environments, including the following steps: S1: Construct a geological body model of an alpine environment, including model geometric structure and material parameters; S2: Use thermo-mechanical coupling simulation to analyze the structure of the geological body model, and determine whether the model structure is qualified by calculating the overall structural stability; S3: For the geological body model with qualified structure, further output the cloud maps of material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution under alpine environments through thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, identify the range of microcracks by means of graphic processing methods, and divide the high-risk areas of interlayer peeling; S4: Generate a 3D printing model based on the geological body model with qualified structure and the position information of its high-risk areas, and optimize the printing parameters; S5: Perform 3D printing according to the generated 3D printing model and the optimized printing parameters; during the printing process, the layer thickness and printing speed are dynamically adjusted, the model morphology is detected and corrected in real time, and the printing parameter adaptive pre-compensation is carried out synchronously; S6: By adaptively controlling the printing parameters, real-time monitor the printing model effect and make corrections to complete the high-precision 3D printing of the geological body model in the alpine environment.

[0006] Furthermore, the printing parameters include printing layer thickness, filling density, printing speed, and temperature.

[0007] In step S2, the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation has two functions. The first function is to calculate whether the model structure is reasonable. For example, if the model structure is a slope, first calculate whether the slope structure is stable to ensure that the structure will not collapse. The second function is to divide the high-risk areas of interlayer delamination. This function is to calculate the position information where interlayer delamination is likely to occur during the 3D printing process on the basis of a reasonable model structure.

[0008] In step S3, on the basis of a qualified model structure, further output the cloud maps of material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution in the alpine environment through the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, identify the range of microcracks through graphic processing methods, and divide the high-risk areas of interlayer delamination to facilitate the optimization of the printing layer thickness. The specific method is: establish a transient heat conduction model through the thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, simulate the melting-solidification process of the printing material during the 3D printing process, solve the cloud maps of shrinkage stress distribution and strain cloud maps, identify the range of microcracks through graphic processing methods, and divide the high-risk areas of interlayer delamination.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S5, during the 3D printing process, dynamically adjust the layer thickness and printing speed according to the real-time feedback of the environmental temperature in the 3D printing model chamber and the temperature of the 3D printing nozzle to avoid interlayer detachment and ensure printing accuracy. Among them, the principle of dynamically adjusting the layer thickness is: reduce the layer thickness when the environmental temperature or the nozzle temperature is lower than the design temperature, and increase the layer thickness when the environmental temperature or the nozzle temperature is higher than the design temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S5, during the 3D printing process, use an online laser scanner to scan the surface topography and compare it with the model design scheme in real time. If the local size difference is higher than the control accuracy, perform supplementary printing or trimming to achieve real-time detection and correction of the model topography.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S5, by fusing the temperature and model topography error monitoring data, predict the printing error of the next layer and make pre-compensation in advance to achieve adaptive pre-compensation of the printing parameters.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. First, the present invention verifies the adaptability of the model structure to the high-cold environment through simulation technology, optimizes and verifies the corresponding printing parameters according to the printing materials of the geological body, and adaptively controls the printing parameters from both aspects of input parameters and model effects based on the online temperature measurement and topography scanning data during the printing process, monitors the model effects in real time and corrects the model in real time, so as to achieve high-precision 3D printing of the geological body model in the high-cold environment. The printed model has strong stability and high precision, solving the problems of poor 3D printing stability and low precision caused by factors such as low temperature or material property changes in the traditional technology in the high-cold environment.

[0013] 2. The present invention calculates the comprehensive stability of the model structure in the high-cold environment through thermo-mechanical coupling simulation, avoiding material waste caused by the inadaptability of the model structure design to the high-cold environment.

[0014] 3. The present invention designs different printing parameters such as layer thickness and printing speed according to the sensitivity of different parts of the printing materials of the geological body model in the high-cold environment to cracks, enhancing the printing precision and improving the printing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the 3D printing method for the geological body model with high-cold environment adaptability according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below.

[0017] This embodiment provides a 3D printing method for a geological body model with high-cold environment adaptability, as Figure 1 shown, including the following steps: S1: Construct a geological body model in the high-cold environment, including the model geometric structure and material parameters; In this embodiment, a 3D modeling software is used to construct the required geological body model in the high-cold environment, and the model design includes the model geometric structure and material parameters.

[0018] Taking the construction of a high-cold environment slope model as an example, according to the slope height, angle, formation conditions, support structure, etc. designed in the model, a 3D modeling software is used to construct a three-dimensional model of the slope; the material parameters input the mechanical strength parameters of conventional 3D printing materials (such as polylactic acid, PLA), etc.

[0019] S2: Multi-field coupling simulation structure analysis, that is, using thermo-mechanical coupling simulation to analyze the structural stability of the geological body model and determine whether the structural stability of the model is qualified; In this embodiment, the geological body model in the alpine environment is input into the numerical simulation software. Using thermal-mechanical coupling simulation, the strength reduction method is adopted to carry out structural stability analysis on the slope model to judge whether the model structure is valid.

[0020] S3: On the basis of the qualified model structure, further output the contour maps of the material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution in the alpine environment through thermal-mechanical coupling simulation. Identify the microcrack range through graphic processing methods and divide the high-risk areas of interlayer peeling; In this embodiment, on the basis of the qualified structure of the alpine environment slope model, further output the contour maps of the material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution of the alpine slope model through thermal-mechanical coupling simulation. Adopt graphic processing methods such as segment or cluster for boundary segmentation or clustering discrimination to identify the microcrack range and divide the high-risk areas of interlayer peeling, which serves as the basis for subsequent optimization of printing parameters.

[0021] S4: Generation of 3D printing model and optimization of printing parameters, that is, generate the printing model and printing parameters according to the geological body model with qualified structural stability analysis and the position information of its high-risk areas; In this embodiment, input the alpine slope model with qualified structural analysis and the position information of its high-risk areas into the 3D printing control program to generate the printing model. According to the sensitivity of different parts of the printing material of the geological body model in the alpine environment to cracks, design different printing parameters such as layer thickness and printing speed respectively to enhance the printing accuracy and improve the printing effect. In the high-risk areas of interlayer peeling, set a smaller layer thickness for the 3D printing device and fine-tune to reduce the printing speed, providing an initial value for the subsequent dynamic adjustment of 3D printing parameters. For example, in this embodiment, the layer thickness accuracy of a conventional 3D printing device is 0.06 mm - 0.8 mm, and it is recommended to set the printing layer thickness to 0.06 mm - 0.1 mm.

[0022] S5: Carry out 3D printing according to the generated printing model and optimized printing parameters; during the printing process, the layer thickness and printing speed are dynamically adjusted, the model morphology is detected and corrected in real time, and the printing parameter adaptive pre-compensation are carried out simultaneously; among them, the principle of dynamically adjusting the layer thickness is: reduce the layer thickness when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is lower than the design temperature, and increase the layer thickness when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is higher than the design temperature.

[0023] In this embodiment, the method for dynamically adjusting the layer thickness and printing speed is: according to the real-time feedback of the ambient temperature and the 3D printing nozzle temperature in the 3D printing model bin, dynamically adjust the layer thickness and printing speed to avoid interlayer detachment and ensure printing accuracy. Reduce the layer thickness and printing speed when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is lower than the design temperature, and increase the layer thickness and printing speed when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is higher than the design temperature.

[0024] In this embodiment, the method for real-time detection and correction of the model morphology is as follows: Use an online laser scanner to scan the surface morphology every 5 layers of printing, and compare it with the model design scheme in real time. If the local size difference is higher than the control accuracy, perform supplementary printing or trimming to achieve real-time detection and correction of the model morphology.

[0025] In this embodiment, the method for adaptive pre-compensation of printing parameters is as follows: By fusing the temperature and model morphology error monitoring data, predict the printing error of the next layer and compensate in advance to achieve adaptive pre-compensation of printing parameters. If the model morphology error of this layer is large, reduce the layer thickness and printing speed in the next layer to improve the printing accuracy.

[0026] S6: Through adaptive control of printing parameters, monitor and correct the model effect in real time to complete the high-precision 3D printing of the geological body model in the alpine environment.

[0027] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification and other changes to the technical solution and technical content disclosed by the present invention, all of which are within the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing method for geological body models adaptive to high-cold environments, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Construct a geological model of the alpine environment, including model geometry and material parameters; S2: Analyze the structure of the geological model using thermal-mechanical coupling simulation, and determine whether the model structure is qualified by calculating the overall structural stability; S3: For the geological model with qualified structure, the thermal-mechanical coupling simulation is used to output the material shrinkage stress distribution and strain distribution cloud map under the high-cold environment, and the micro-crack range is identified through the graphic processing method to divide the high-risk area of ​​interlayer peeling; S4: Generate a 3D printing model and optimize printing parameters based on the qualified geological model and the location information of the high-risk area; S5: Perform 3D printing according to the generated 3D printing model and optimized printing parameters; during the printing process, the layer thickness and printing speed are dynamically adjusted, the model morphology is detected and corrected in real time, and the printing parameters are adaptively pre-compensated simultaneously; S6: By adaptively controlling printing parameters, real-time monitoring of the printing model effect and correction, high-precision 3D printing of geological models in alpine environments can be completed.

2. The 3D printing method of geological body model adaptive to high-cold environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The printing parameters include printing layer thickness, filling density, printing speed and temperature.

3. The method for 3D printing of geological models adaptive to alpine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, during the 3D printing process, the layer thickness and printing speed are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time feedback of the ambient temperature in the 3D printing model bin and the temperature of the 3D printing nozzle; the principle of dynamically adjusting the layer thickness is: when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is lower than the design temperature, the layer thickness is reduced, and when the ambient temperature or the nozzle temperature is higher than the design temperature, the layer thickness is increased.

4. The method for 3D printing of geological models adaptive to alpine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, during the 3D printing process, the surface morphology is scanned by an online laser scanner and compared with the model design plan in real time. If the local size difference is higher than the control accuracy, supplementary printing or trimming is performed to achieve real-time detection and correction of the model morphology.

5. The method for 3D printing of geological models adaptive to alpine environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, by integrating the temperature and model morphology error monitoring data, the printing error of the next layer is predicted and compensated in advance, thereby realizing adaptive pre-compensation of printing parameters.

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