Aerogel fiber-based composite thermal insulation fabric and method of making the same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fiber and its preparation method, belong to the technical field of fabric production, the fabric includes aerogel base cloth, adhesive layer and microporous membrane, the preparation raw material of adhesive layer with adhesive includes polyurethane, composite heat storage particle, methyl isobutyl ketone and blowing agent, wherein, the raw material composition of composite heat storage particle includes cesium tungsten bronze powder, linoleic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water.The present application uses the blowing type adhesive containing composite heat storage particle, and a layer of microporous membrane is compounded on the aerogel base cloth containing aerogel fiber, so that aerogel base cloth can have water resistance and moisture permeability, and cesium tungsten bronze powder and linoleic acid are used in composite heat storage particle that constitutes adhesive layer, directly strengthen the thermal insulation of aerogel base cloth and indirectly realize the effect of improving moisture removal and preventing odor molecule retention, improve the thermal insulation, moisture permeability and odor molecule adsorption of aerogel fabric.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fabric production, and particularly relates to a composite heat-insulating fabric based on aerogel fibers and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fiber prepared by taking aerogel as raw material can endow the woven fabric with good heat preservation and air permeability, because the aerogel has the structural feature of high porosity, and the large amount of voids in the aerogel filled with air can make the aerogel fiber have better heat insulation effect than ordinary fibers. However, the effect of the air permeability and high porosity of the aerogel fiber on the fabric is multifaceted, in the process of air efficiently penetrating the fabric, the odor molecules and water molecules mixed in the air will also frequently contact the fabric, and the odor molecules and water molecules will also remain in the aerogel voids, thereby increasing the humidity and odor adsorption rate of the fabric. To solve this problem, the application provides a composite heat-insulating fabric based on aerogel fibers and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to provide a composite heat-insulating fabric based on aerogel fibers and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0004] The application achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The application provides a composite heat-insulating fabric based on aerogel fibers, which comprises an aerogel base cloth, a mucilage layer and a microporous membrane.

[0006] The preparation raw materials of the mucilage layer include polyurethane, composite heat storage particles, methyl isobutyl ketone and a foaming agent, wherein the raw material composition of the composite heat storage particles includes cesium tungsten bronze powder, linoleic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the application, the preparation raw materials of the mucilage layer include 20-30 parts of polyurethane, 10-15 parts of composite heat storage particles, 4-6 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 5-8 parts of a foaming agent by weight.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the application, the raw material composition of the composite heat storage particles includes 20-25 parts of cesium tungsten bronze powder, 5-8 parts of linoleic acid, 4-6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 15-20 parts of deionized water.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the application, the aerogel base cloth is obtained by blending silica aerogel fibers and cotton fibers at a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the application, the raw material composition of the microporous membrane includes polypropylene, silica powder and a dispersing agent.

[0011] The application also provides a preparation method of the composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1, uniformly mixing cesium tungsten bronze powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water to obtain a cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry, putting linoleic acid into the cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry to mix uniformly to obtain a mixture, and sequentially performing stirring, drying and crushing and grinding treatment on the mixture to obtain composite heat storage particles;

[0013] S2, mixing the silica aerogel fibers and the cotton fibers at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an aerogel base cloth;

[0014] S3, preparing a microporous membrane;

[0015] S4, uniformly mixing polyurethane, the composite heat storage particles, methyl isobutyl ketone and a foaming agent to obtain a glue agent;

[0016] S5, spraying the glue agent to a surface to be compounded of the aerogel base cloth and the microporous membrane and performing hot-pressing compounding treatment on the aerogel base cloth and the microporous membrane to obtain a finished fabric.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the application, in S4, the temperature during the hot-pressing compounding treatment is 180-210 DEG C, and the time length is 3-5 min.

[0018] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The application uses the foaming type glue agent containing the composite heat storage particles, and a microporous membrane is compounded on the base cloth woven by the aerogel fibers, which can not only impart water resistance to the fabric, but also provide an outlet channel for the water molecules wrapped in the aerogel base cloth, so that the aerogel base cloth can have water resistance and moisture permeability, and the composite heat storage particles constituting the glue layer contain cesium tungsten bronze powder and linoleic acid, and the combined action of the two can make the composite heat storage particles uniformly dispersed in the glue layer, thereby imparting good heat storage and heat preservation performance to the glue layer, which can not only directly strengthen the heat preservation performance of the aerogel base cloth, but also indirectly improve the moisture permeability and moisture removal effect of the fabric, avoiding the problem of long-term retention of water molecules in the aerogel base cloth, and further forming an environment unfavorable to the retention of odor molecules, thereby comprehensively achieving the effect of improving the heat preservation performance, moisture permeability and odor molecule adsorption resistance of the aerogel fabric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It is necessary to point out here that the following detailed description is only used to further illustrate the application, and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the application, and the skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the application according to the above application content.

[0021] I. Materials

[0022] The method used in the present application is a conventional method known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and other materials used are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0023] The cesium tungsten bronze powder selected in the present application is nano cesium tungsten bronze powder SS-CW20 purchased from Hangzhou Jiheng New Material Co., Ltd.;

[0024] The foaming agent selected in the present application is azodicarbonamide;

[0025] The specific preparation process of the silica aerogel fiber in the present application is: uniformly mixing silica wet gel with tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silicon source and a crosslinking agent to obtain a spinning solution, then processing the spinning solution into a fiber through an electrospinning technology, and performing normal pressure drying treatment on the obtained fiber to obtain the silica aerogel fiber;

[0026] The polyurethane selected in the present application is obtained by polymerization of polyether glycol and diisocyanate at a molar ratio of 1:2, and the relative molecular mass is 2000;

[0027] The number average molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone selected in the present application is 30000.

[0028] II. Method

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A preparation method of a composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1, uniformly mixing 20 parts of cesium tungsten bronze powder, 6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 20 parts of deionized water by weight to obtain a cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry, adding 8 parts of linoleic acid into the cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry to obtain a mixture, and sequentially performing stirring, drying and crushing and grinding treatment on the mixture to obtain composite heat storage particles;

[0032] S2, mixing the silica aerogel fiber and the cotton fiber at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an aerogel base cloth;

[0033] S3, preparing a microporous membrane, and the specific preparation process is: uniformly mixing silica powder and polypropylene, then extruding, then drawing at a draw ratio of 85, annealing the drawn film at 145 DEG C for 60 min, then cold drawing at room temperature at a draw ratio of 35% and a drawing speed of 8 mm / min, then hot drawing at 120 DEG C at a draw ratio of 75% and a drawing speed of 12 mm / min, and finally heat setting at 140 DEG C for 7 min to obtain the microporous membrane;

[0034] S4, 20 parts by weight of polyurethane, 10 parts of composite heat storage particles, 6 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 5 parts of foaming agent are uniformly mixed to obtain an adhesive;

[0035] S5, the adhesive is sprayed onto the surface to be compounded of the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film, and the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film are subjected to hot pressing and compounding treatment to obtain a finished fabric.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A preparation method of a composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1, 25 parts by weight of cesium tungsten bronze powder, 4 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 15 parts of deionized water are uniformly mixed to obtain a cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry, 5 parts of linoleic acid is added into the cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is subjected to stirring, drying and crushing and grinding treatment in sequence to obtain composite heat storage particles;

[0039] S2, the silica aerogel fibers and the cotton fibers are blended at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an aerogel base cloth;

[0040] S3, a microporous film is prepared, and the specific preparation process is the same as that of Example 1;

[0041] S4, 30 parts by weight of polyurethane, 15 parts of composite heat storage particles, 4 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 3 parts of foaming agent are uniformly mixed to obtain an adhesive;

[0042] S5, the adhesive is sprayed onto the surface to be compounded of the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film, and the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film are subjected to hot pressing and compounding treatment to obtain a finished fabric.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A preparation method of a composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1, 23 parts by weight of cesium tungsten bronze powder, 5 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 17 parts of deionized water are uniformly mixed to obtain a cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry, 6 parts of linoleic acid is added into the cesium tungsten bronze powder slurry and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is subjected to stirring, drying and crushing and grinding treatment in sequence to obtain composite heat storage particles;

[0046] S2, the silica aerogel fibers and the cotton fibers are blended at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an aerogel base cloth;

[0047] S3, a microporous film is prepared, and the specific preparation process is the same as that of Example 1;

[0048] S4, 25 parts by weight of polyurethane, 13 parts of composite heat storage particles, 5 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 4 parts of foaming agent are uniformly mixed to obtain an adhesive;

[0049] S5, the adhesive is sprayed onto the surfaces to be compounded of the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film, and the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film are subjected to hot pressing and compounding treatment to obtain a finished fabric.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A preparation method of a composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1, silica aerogel fibers and cotton fibers are blended at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain an aerogel base cloth;

[0053] S2, a microporous film is prepared, and the specific preparation process is the same as that of Example 1;

[0054] S3, 25 parts by weight of polyurethane, 13 parts of graphene powder, 5 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 4 parts of foaming agent are uniformly mixed to obtain an adhesive;

[0055] S4, the adhesive is sprayed onto the surfaces to be compounded of the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film, and the aerogel base cloth and the microporous film are subjected to hot pressing and compounding treatment to obtain a finished fabric.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] Based on Example 3, the linoleic acid in the raw material of the composite heat storage particles in S1 is replaced by octanoic acid;

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] Based on Example 3, the cesium tungsten bronze powder in the raw material of the composite heat storage particles in S1 is replaced by graphene powder.

[0060] Comparative Examples 4 and 5

[0061] Based on Example 3, only the ratio of cesium tungsten bronze powder and linoleic acid in the composite heat storage particles in S1 is adjusted, and

[0062] The specific ratio in Example 3, Comparative Examples 4 and 5 is shown in the following table:

[0063]

[0064] The performance of each finished fabric is detected, which specifically includes the following detection items:

[0065] ①Thermal insulation performance test: refer to GB / T 11048-2008 "Textiles-Physiological effects- Measurement of thermal insulation under steady conditions". YG606E textile thermal resistance tester was used for testing. Five samples were taken for each fabric sample, and the average value was finally taken;

[0066] ②Moisture permeability test: refer to GB / T 12704.1-2009 "Textiles-Test methods for water vapour transmission-Part 1: water vapour transmission test". FX3180 moisture permeability tester was used to test the moisture permeability of the sample. During the test, the temperature was 38℃, the humidity was 90.0%, the air flow rate was 0.5m / s, and the test area was 28.3cm2. Before testing, the test chamber needed to be pre-humidified. After automatic humidity adjustment, the instrument started the moisture permeability test, and recorded the moisture permeability data automatically every 1 hour, a total of twice. After the experiment was completed, the moisture permeability data of the sample was manually recorded, and the average value of 5 experimental data of each group of samples was taken as the final data;

[0067] ③Odor adsorption performance test: refer to GB / T 33610.2-2017 "Textiles-Determination of odor reduction-Part 2: detection tube method". Methyl mercaptan was selected as the test gas, and two identical samples of each fabric to be tested were taken. The two samples were placed in the same sampling bag, and the sampling bag containing the samples was vacuumed, then a suitable amount of test gas was injected into it and left for 2h. Then one of the two samples was taken as the control group, and the other as the experimental group. The control group sample was placed in a new sampling bag, and the gas in it was extracted and the concentration of odor components A in the gas was detected. The experimental group sample was placed in a new sampling bag after being treated with light for 30min, and the gas in it was extracted and the concentration of odor components B in the gas was detected. The adsorption elimination rate was calculated as (A-B) / A(%).

[0068] The waterproof performance, moisture permeability and odor adsorption performance of the fabrics in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested, and the test results are shown in the following table:

[0069]

[0070] Note: The test sample of the blank example is aerogel base cloth, and its preparation method is the same as that of S2 in Example 3.

[0071] According to the above table, it can be seen that:

[0072] ①The data of Examples 1-3 are significantly better than those of the blank group, which indicates that the use of polyurethane, composite heat storage particles and methyl isobutyl ketone adhesive on the surface of the aerogel base cloth can effectively improve the thermal insulation, moisture permeability and odor molecule adsorption of the aerogel base cloth;

[0073] The raw material ratios of the composite heat storage particles and the adhesive used in Examples 1-3 are different, and the detection data of Examples 1-3 also show certain differences, which indicates that the ratio of various components in the composite heat storage particles and the adhesive will affect the improvement effect on the aerogel fabric. Based on the above table data, Example 3 is selected as the best ratio;

[0074] ②In Comparative Example 1, the composite heat storage particles are directly replaced by graphene powder. In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder in the raw material of the composite heat storage particles are replaced by octanoic acid and graphene powder, respectively. The detection results show that the data of Comparative Examples 1-3 are all worse than that of Example 3, and the data of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are significantly better than that of Comparative Example 1, and the difference is large. This result indicates that compared with the commonly used graphene powder, the composite heat storage particles can give the aerogel fabric better heat preservation effect, and indirectly improve the moisture permeability and odor molecule adsorption resistance of the aerogel fabric.

[0075] ③On the one hand, Comparative Examples 2 and 3 respectively approximately replace the linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder in the raw material of the composite heat storage particles. The results show that the cro values of the fabrics of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are similar, and compared with Example 3, the adsorption elimination rate data of Comparative Example 2 decreases more, and the moisture permeability data of Comparative Example 3 decreases more. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 4 and 5 respectively remove the linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder in the raw material of the composite heat storage particles. The data of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 are all worse than those of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and compared with Example 3, the adsorption elimination rate data of Comparative Example 5 decreases more, and the moisture permeability data of Comparative Example 4 decreases more.

[0076] The above results show that the linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder in the composite heat storage particles can achieve certain improvement effect when acting on the aerogel fabric alone, but compared with using any of the two components, the combined use of linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder can give the aerogel fabric better heat preservation, moisture permeability and odor molecule adsorption resistance, and achieve the best improvement effect.

[0077] The reason for the above results may be that when linoleic acid and cesium tungsten bronze powder are used together, the cesium tungsten bronze powder can act as a carrier for the linoleic acid, and the linoleic acid can have the effect of surface modification on the cesium tungsten bronze powder, so that both components can be uniformly dispersed in the polyurethane.

[0078] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers, characterized in that, The fabric includes an aerogel base fabric, an adhesive layer, and a microporous membrane; The raw materials for preparing the adhesive layer include polyurethane, composite heat storage particles, methyl isobutyl ketone and foaming agent. The raw material composition of the composite heat storage particles includes cesium tungsten bronze powder, linoleic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water. The raw materials for preparing the adhesive, by weight, include 20-30 parts polyurethane, 10-15 parts composite heat storage particles, 4-6 parts methyl isobutyl ketone and 5-8 parts foaming agent. By weight, the raw material composition of the composite heat storage particles includes 20-25 parts of cesium tungsten bronze powder, 5-8 parts of linoleic acid, 4-6 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 15-20 parts of deionized water. The aerogel base fabric is obtained by blending silica aerogel fibers and cotton fibers in a 1:1 mass ratio.

2. The composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material composition of the microporous membrane includes polypropylene, silica powder, and dispersant.

3. A method for preparing a composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Cesium tungsten bronze powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water are uniformly mixed to obtain cesium tungsten bronze slurry. Linoleic acid is added to the cesium tungsten bronze slurry and mixed evenly to obtain a mixture. The mixture is then stirred, dried and crushed and ground in sequence to obtain composite heat storage particles. S2. Silica aerogel fiber and cotton fiber are blended at a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain aerogel base fabric. S3. Preparation of microporous membranes; S4. Mix polyurethane, composite heat storage particles, methyl isobutyl ketone and foaming agent evenly to obtain adhesive. S5. Spray the adhesive onto the surfaces of the aerogel base fabric and the microporous membrane to be laminated, and then perform hot pressing lamination on the aerogel base fabric and the microporous membrane to obtain the finished fabric.

4. The method for preparing the composite thermal insulation fabric based on aerogel fibers according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S4, the temperature during the hot-pressing composite treatment is 180-210℃, and the duration is 3-5 minutes.

Images