Stern icebreaking structure and ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a stern-direction icebreaking structure and a ship, the stern-direction icebreaking structure comprises two ice pressing appendages, the two ice pressing appendages are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode, the ice pressing appendages are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stern, and inclined ice pressing structures are formed on the sides, away from the bow, of the ice pressing appendages; the inclined ice pressing structure is inclined downwards in the direction from the stern to the bow; the two rudder blades and the two ice pressing appendages are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the rudder blades are rotationally arranged on the lower end faces of the ice pressing appendages. According to the invention, the stern sailing icebreaking capability of the ship can be obviously improved, and the power can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and particularly to an aft icebreaking structure and a ship. Background Art

[0002] In modern transportation, ships play a very important role. Due to safety requirements, ships for polar navigation need to have a certain aft navigation icebreaking ability. For polar ships with podded propulsion, since there is almost no loss of pod thrust during aft navigation and the ship's maneuverability is easy to ensure, they naturally have the so-called double-action icebreaking ability, and even the aft navigation icebreaking ability is stronger than the forward icebreaking ability. However, for polar ships with traditional shaft and propeller propulsion, the thrust of the fixed-pitch propeller will inevitably drop significantly during aft navigation, and at the same time, the ship's maneuverability will also decrease.

[0003] To improve the aft icebreaking ability of traditional shaft and propeller propulsion polar ships, some structures for aft icebreaking have been designed in ship design. Among them, a ducktail, a false rudder, and ice cutters are arranged at the aft of the ship to crush and damage the ice surface. However, in the prior art, although the ducktail has a certain inclination angle, its length and height are very small, and its main function is to divide the ice, that is, to prevent the broken ice from directly hitting the rudder. For relatively thick layer ice, the icebreaking effect is relatively limited. Moreover, the icebreaking by the ice pressing appendage is mainly in the extrusion damage mode, and the compressive strength of ice is significantly higher than the bending strength. Generally, the compressive strength of sea ice is 2-6 times that of the bending strength, which means that this icebreaking mode requires more power. In addition, the scales of the false rudder and the ice cutters are not large, so the internal space is limited, and the structural strength is greatly restricted, making it difficult to perform impact icebreaking.

[0004] Therefore, an aft icebreaking structure and a ship are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aft icebreaking structure and a ship, which can significantly improve the aft navigation icebreaking ability of the ship and reduce the power.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An aft icebreaking structure, comprising:

[0008] Two ice pressing appendages, the two ice pressing appendages are arranged at intervals relative to each other, and the ice pressing appendages are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the ship's aft, and an inclined ice pressing structure is formed on the side of the ice pressing appendage facing away from the ship's bow, and the inclined ice pressing structure inclines downward along the direction from the ship's aft to the ship's bow;

[0009] Two rudder blades, the two rudder blades are arranged corresponding to the two ice pressing appendages one by one, and the rudder blades are rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the ice pressing appendages.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ice-pressing attachment has a first side surface and a second side surface. One end of the first side surface and the second side surface away from the bow intersect to form the oblique ice-pressing structure, and one end of the first side surface and the second side surface facing the bow intersect to form an arc surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the first side surface and the second side surface are streamlined.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hull between the two ice-pressing attachments is recessed inward to form a groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hull between the two ice-pressing attachments is convex with a rib.

[0014] In some embodiments, along the direction from the stern to the bow, two fins are provided at the lower end of the stern. The two fins are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two ice-pressing attachments. The fins and the ice-pressing attachments are arranged at intervals. Along the direction from the stern to the bow, the fins are located behind the ice-pressing attachments, and a propeller is rotatably arranged at one end of the fin facing the ice-pressing attachment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the side surface of the fin is streamlined.

[0016] In some embodiments, an over-flow space is formed between the two fins. Along the direction from the stern to the bow, the bottom surface of the over-flow space is inclined downward.

[0017] In some embodiments, the stern is square.

[0018] A ship, including the stern-ward ice-breaking structure as described above.

[0019] Advantages of the present invention:

[0020] A stern ice-breaking structure provided by the present invention is provided with two relatively spaced ice-pressing appendages at the lower end of the stern of the ship. An inclined ice-pressing structure is formed on the side of the ice-pressing appendage facing away from the bow, and the inclined ice-pressing structure inclines downward along the direction from the stern of the ship to the bow. The rudder blades are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the ice-pressing appendages, and the rudder blades are rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the ice-pressing appendages. Through the above arrangement, the length of the ice-pressing appendage is extended. Since the ice-pressing appendage has a large size, it can take into account the ice-breaking effect from the ballast condition to the full-load condition. At the same time, sufficient structural strengthening measures can be adopted, and impact ice-breaking can be performed, further enhancing the ice-breaking ability. During ice-breaking operations, since the inclined ice-pressing structure is inclined downward, the head of the inclined ice-pressing structure presses on the ice surface first, and the ice surface is broken under the action of the gravity of the stern of the ship, enabling effective ice-breaking. Since the ice-breaking mode is mainly bending failure, while the ship does not need to operate at high power, the ice-breaking ability of the shaft-paddle propulsion ship sailing sternward is significantly improved.

[0021] A ship provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned stern ice-breaking structure, which can significantly improve the ice-breaking ability of the ship sailing sternward and can reduce the power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a stern ice-breaking structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another perspective of a stern ice-breaking structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is another schematic diagram of a stern ice-breaking structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1, stern of the ship; 2, ice-pressing appendage; 21, inclined ice-pressing structure; 22, first side surface; 23, second side surface; 3, rudder blade; 31, third side surface; 32, fourth side surface; 4, fin; 5, rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] Before explaining any embodiment of the present application in detail, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the structural details and component arrangements described in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0029] In this application, the terms "comprise", "include", "have" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising such element.

[0030] In this application, the terms "connect", "combine", "couple", "mount" can be direct connection, combination, coupling or mounting, or indirect connection, combination, coupling or mounting. Among them, by way of example, direct connection means that two parts or components are connected together without the need for an intermediate member, and indirect connection means that two parts or components are respectively connected to at least one intermediate member, and these two parts or components are connected through the intermediate member. In addition, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connection or coupling, and may include electrical connection or coupling.

[0031] In this application, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the functions performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the functions performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0032] In this application, the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this application. In addition, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that one element is connected "above" or "below" another element, it can not only be directly connected "above" or "below" another element, but also be indirectly connected "above" or "below" another element through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that orientation terms such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, rear side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the side orientation. For example, below can include directly below, lower left, lower right, front lower, and rear lower, etc.

[0033] When designing and manufacturing a ship, in order to significantly improve the ship's icebreaking ability in the sternward navigation direction and reduce power, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, the present invention provides a sternward icebreaking structure. The sternward icebreaking structure includes two ice-pressing appendages 2 and two rudder blades 3.

[0034] Among them, the two ice-pressing appendages 2 are arranged at a relative interval, and the ice-pressing appendages 2 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stern part 1 of the ship. An inclined ice-pressing structure 21 is formed on the side of the ice-pressing appendage 2 facing away from the bow, and the inclined ice-pressing structure 21 inclines downward along the direction from the stern part 1 to the bow of the ship. The two rudder blades 3 are arranged corresponding to the two ice-pressing appendages 2 one by one, and the rudder blades 3 are rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the ice-pressing appendages 2.

[0035] Through the above settings, the length of the ice-pressing appendage 2 is extended. Since the ice-pressing appendage 2 has a large scale, it can take into account the ice-breaking effect from the ballast condition to the full-load condition. At the same time, sufficient structural strengthening measures can be adopted, and ramming ice-breaking can be performed, further enhancing the ice-breaking ability. During ice-breaking operations, since the inclined ice-pressing structure 21 is inclined downward, the head of the inclined ice-pressing structure 21 presses on the ice surface first, and the ice surface is broken under the action of the gravity of the stern part 1 of the ship, and effective ice-breaking can be carried out. Since the ice-breaking mode is mainly bending failure, while the ship does not need to operate at high power, the ice-breaking ability of the shaft-paddle propulsion ship sailing sternward is significantly improved.

[0036] In some embodiments, the ice-pressing appendage 2 has a first side surface 22 and a second side surface 23. The ends of the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 away from the bow intersect to form the inclined ice-pressing structure 21, and the ends of the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 facing the bow intersect to form an arc surface. Through the above settings, the inclined ice-pressing structure 21 for ice-breaking is relatively sharp, and during the ice-breaking process, the ice surface can be effectively broken. The sides of the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 facing the bow form an arc surface, so that the cross-section of the ice-pressing appendage 2 is similar to a triangle. The shape of the ice-pressing appendage 2 is conducive to the rapid sliding of broken ice away from the hull, which not only avoids the accumulation of broken ice at the stern part 1 of the ship, but also reduces the impact of broken ice on the rudder blade 3 and the propeller.

[0037] In some embodiments, both the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 are streamlined. By designing the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 23 to be streamlined, the broken ice can be effectively made to slide away from the hull quickly, reducing the frictional force with the hull, thereby reducing the energy consumed by the hull during navigation.

[0038] In some embodiments, the rudder blade 3 has a third side surface 31 and a fourth side surface 32. The ends of the third side surface 31 and the fourth side surface 32 away from the bow intersect to form a vertical flow guiding structure, and the ends of the third side surface 31 and the fourth side surface 32 facing the bow intersect to form an arc surface. Through the above settings, the cross-section of the rudder blade 3 is similar to a triangle. While the rudder blade 3 can effectively control the ship's course, it is convenient to guide the water flow and reduce the resistance of the ship's navigation.

[0039] In some embodiments, both the third side surface 31 and the fourth side surface 32 are streamlined. With the above arrangement, the resistance between the water flow and the third side surface 31 and the fourth side surface 32 can be reduced, ensuring that the ship consumes less energy during navigation.

[0040] In some embodiments, the hull between the two ice-breaking appendages 2 is concavely recessed to form a groove. With the above arrangement, when the broken ice slides to both sides or enters the bottom of the ship, the groove at the bottom of the ship can reduce the adsorption of the broken ice on the bottom of the ship.

[0041] In some embodiments, the hull between the two ice-breaking appendages 2 is convexly provided with a rib 5. With the above arrangement, when the broken ice slides to both sides or enters the bottom of the ship, the rib 5 at the bottom of the ship can reduce the adsorption of the broken ice on the bottom of the ship.

[0042] In some embodiments, along the direction from the stern part 1 towards the bow of the ship, two fins 4 are arranged at the lower end of the stern part 1. The two fins 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two ice-breaking appendages 2. The fins 4 and the ice-breaking appendages 2 are arranged at intervals. And along the direction from the stern part 1 towards the bow of the ship, the fins 4 are located behind the ice-breaking appendages 2. A propeller is rotatably arranged at one end of the fin 4 facing the ice-breaking appendage 2. By arranging two fins 4 and two propellers, it can ensure that the ship has sufficient power to break ice. And because the fins 4 are arranged behind the ice-breaking appendages 2, after the ice-breaking appendages 2 break ice, the fins 4 guide the ice away from the hull.

[0043] In some embodiments, the side surface of the fin 4 is streamlined. By designing the side surface of the fin 4 to be streamlined, the broken ice can be effectively guided away, thereby reducing the impact of the broken ice on the hull. And by adopting the streamlined shape, the resistance between the fin 4 and the water can be reduced, ensuring the economy during the navigation of the ship.

[0044] In some embodiments, an over-flow space is formed between the two fins 4. Along the direction from the stern part 1 towards the bow of the ship, the bottom surface of the over-flow space is inclined downward. With the above arrangement, it is convenient to arrange two propellers in the over-flow space, and the propellers do not interfere with each other. And the bottom surface of the over-flow space can press the broken ice below the water surface. The broken ice entering the over-flow space will be broken by the propellers, thus avoiding the phenomenon of ice jamming in the over-flow space, and ensuring the economy of the ship's navigation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the stern part 1 is square. The use of a square stern structure facilitates the arrangement of two fins 4 and a propeller. The broad platform of the square stern provides more uniform oncoming flow conditions for the propeller, reducing turbulence interference, and is especially suitable for high-power propulsion systems. The straight-line and planar structure of the square stern is easier to process than complex curved surfaces, reducing the difficulty of welding or riveting and saving construction costs. During modular construction, the square stern is more convenient for standardized sectional assembly. The flat-plate structure of the square stern facilitates the arrangement of transverse stiffeners, enhancing local stiffness and being suitable for bearing stern loads. The square stern provides a larger available deck area, facilitating the arrangement of operating equipment or leisure areas. The square stern can integrate a stern ramp, facilitating vehicle roll-on / roll-off or cargo loading and unloading. Moreover, it is easy to install equipment such as stern rudders and thrusters, and maintenance is convenient.

[0046] This application also provides a ship, which includes the above-mentioned stern ice-breaking structure, can significantly improve the stern navigation ice-breaking ability of the ship, and can reduce power.

[0047] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The stern ice-breaking structure is characterized by: include: Two ice-pressing appendages (2), the two ice-pressing appendages (2) are arranged at a relative interval, and the ice-pressing appendages (2) are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the stern portion (1), and the side of the ice-pressing appendage (2) facing away from the bow forms an oblique ice-pressing structure (21), and the oblique ice-pressing structure (21) is inclined downward in the direction from the stern portion (1) to the bow; Two rudder blades (3) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two ice-compression appendages (2), and the rudder blades (3) are rotatably arranged on the lower end surface of the ice-compression appendage (2).

2. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice-compression appendage (2) comprises a first side surface (22) and a second side surface (23); the first side surface (22) and the second side surface (23) intersect at an end away from the bow to form the oblique ice-compression structure (21); and the first side surface (22) and the second side surface (23) intersect at an end facing the bow to form an arcuate surface.

3. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first side surface (22) and the second side surface (23) are both streamlined.

4. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hull located between the two ice-pressing appendages (2) is recessed inwards to form a groove.

5. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hull between the two ice-pressing appendages (2) is provided with a convex ridge (5).

6. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two tail fins (4) are arranged at the lower end of the stern (1) along the direction from the stern (1) toward the bow, and the two tail fins (4) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two ice-reducing appendages (2). The tail fins (4) and the ice-reducing appendages (2) are arranged at intervals, and along the direction from the stern (1) toward the bow, the tail fins (4) are located behind the ice-reducing appendages (2), and a propeller is arranged on one end of the tail fin (4) that rotates toward the ice-reducing appendages (2).

7. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side surface of the tail fin (4) is streamlined.

8. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flow space is formed between the two tail fins (4), and the bottom surface of the flow space is arranged to be inclined downward in a direction from the stern portion (1) toward the bow.

9. The stern ice-breaking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stern part (1) is square.

10. A vessel, characterized in that It comprises the stern ice-breaking structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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