Water-carbon co-production device based on coupling of solar interface evaporation and ocean carbon capture

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-carbon co-production device based on solar interface evaporation and ocean carbon capture coupling, the main body of the water-carbon co-production device is a box body, the top cover of the box body is a photothermal conversion plate, and the interior of the box body is divided into a seawater evaporation channel located at the top, an absorbent evaporation channel located in the middle and a water inlet channel located at the bottom by a plurality of partition plates; the absorbent evaporation channel divides the interior of the box body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into an upper reservoir, a seawater evaporation cavity and an upper separation cavity by partition plates; the lower cavity is divided into a lower reservoir, an absorbent evaporation cavity and a lower separation cavity by partition plates; a seawater pipeline is arranged outside the box body, one end of the seawater pipeline is connected with the tail end of the water inlet channel, and the other end is connected with one end, close to the upper reservoir, of the seawater evaporation channel. By coupling a seawater interface evaporation technology and a carbon capture technology, efficient separation and recovery of double products of fresh water and CO2 in seawater are realized, and the energy coupling design of the two-stage evaporator reduces the dependence of the device on external energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of interfacial evaporation seawater desalination and carbon capture. Specifically, it relates to a water-carbon co-production device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture, which is used to simultaneously achieve seawater desalination and CO 2 capture. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the dual goals of water resource shortage and carbon neutrality, efficient seawater desalination and carbon capture technologies have become two major research hotspots at present. As a new type of efficient evaporation method, interfacial evaporation technology significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency by precisely controlling the position of the evaporation interface and the heat transfer process. Among them, the inverted interfacial evaporation technology places the evaporation interface near the liquid surface or the gas-liquid interface, and adopts a thermal management architecture with downward directional gas transportation, which reduces the heat loss from the heat to the bulk liquid in traditional evaporation, and can concentrate the localized photothermal conversion energy on the evaporation interface. It is suitable for solar-driven seawater desalination systems, which can greatly reduce energy consumption and increase the freshwater production rate. Ocean carbon desorption technology focuses on releasing dissolved CO 2 from seawater, which is an important link in realizing ocean carbon capture. The concentration of dissolved CO 2 in seawater is about 140 times that of the atmosphere. CO 2 can be desorbed by methods such as heating, depressurization or chemical induction.

[0003] Current research mainly focuses on improving desorption efficiency and reducing energy consumption. For example, using industrial waste heat or solar energy to heat seawater to reduce the solubility of CO 2 or accelerating the release of CO 2 through technologies such as aeration and enhanced gas-liquid mass transfer. The key technologies include the design of efficient desorption reactors, methods for enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer, and the coupling optimization with other carbon capture processes, aiming to achieve large-scale and low-cost operation of seawater carbon desorption. For example, Chinese Patent Application CN201910295506.2 discloses a carbon capture system for CO 2 capture of industrial waiting-to-be-separated gases, aiming to solve the problem of high energy consumption in traditional chemical absorption carbon capture systems by introducing solar interfacial evaporation technology and molecular photothermal energy storage technology; the system consists of a carbon dioxide absorption part, a desorption tower desorption part, a solar interfacial evaporation desorption part and a molecular photothermal energy storage part; this system is not applicable to the enriched water and CO 2Capture. Chinese Patent Application CN202410953169.2 discloses an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled with hydropower co-generation device based on carbonized biomass, aiming to improve the efficiency and application potential of solar interfacial evaporation technology; the device mainly consists of a device main chamber, a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit, and a collector supply hot air unit. The device main chamber includes an evaporation water tank and a collection water tank, and carbonized biomass materials, such as carbonized corn cobs, are arranged in the evaporation water tank as interfacial evaporation photothermal materials; however, this device mainly focuses on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation technology and thermoelectric generation technology.

[0004] Currently, there are few devices that couple interfacial evaporation technology with carbon capture technology to extract water and CO in seawater. 2 During the seawater desalination process, the latent heat of phase change generated cannot be effectively coupled with the heat energy required for carbon desorption, resulting in energy imbalance and waste. At the same time, there are also defects such as complex gas separation equipment and single product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems and provide a water-carbon co-generation device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture, effectively solving the problems of difficult coupling between seawater desalination and carbon capture technologies and single output target products.

[0006] In order to achieve its purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A water-carbon co-generation device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture, the main body of the water-carbon co-generation device is a box body, the top cover of the box body is a photothermal conversion plate, and the inside of the box body is divided into a seawater evaporation channel at the top, an absorbent evaporation channel in the middle, and a water inlet channel at the bottom by several partitions; the seawater evaporation channel and the absorbent evaporation channel are breathable and liquid-separating;

[0008] The absorbent evaporation channel divides the inside of the box body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is divided into an upper reservoir, a seawater evaporation chamber, and an upper separation chamber from left to right by a partition. A upper drainage port is provided at the bottom of the partition between the upper reservoir and the seawater evaporation chamber for the condensed water in the seawater evaporation chamber to flow into the upper reservoir, and an upper exhaust channel is provided at the bottom of the partition between the seawater evaporation chamber and the upper separation chamber for the gas in the seawater evaporation chamber to enter the upper separation chamber; a membrane reactor and an absorbent storage pool are arranged up and down in the upper separation chamber. The absorbent flows inside the membrane reactor, and water vapor and CO in the mixed gas formed after seawater evaporation 2The gas can pass through the membrane reactor and be absorbed by the absorbent therein. A upper liquid collecting pipe is arranged at the top of the membrane reactor, and a lower liquid collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom. The bottom end of the lower liquid collecting pipe is located in the absorbent storage tank; at least one upper exhaust hole is arranged on the side wall of the box body corresponding to the membrane reactor; an absorbent rich liquid pipe is arranged outside the box body. One end of the absorbent rich liquid pipe is connected to the upper liquid collecting pipe of the membrane reactor and penetrates through the box body, and the other end is connected to one end of the absorbent evaporation channel close to the upper water storage tank;

[0009] The lower cavity is divided into a lower water storage tank, an absorbent evaporation cavity and a lower separation cavity from left to right by a partition board. A lower drain port is arranged at the bottom of the partition board between the lower water storage tank and the absorbent evaporation cavity for the condensed water in the absorbent evaporation cavity to flow into the lower water storage tank. A lower exhaust channel is arranged at the bottom of the partition board between the absorbent evaporation cavity and the lower separation cavity for the gas in the absorbent evaporation cavity to enter the lower separation cavity; a gas separation device for separating water vapor and CO 2 gas is arranged in the lower separation cavity. The gas separation device is used for condensing water vapor into liquid water and allowing CO 2 gas to pass through; a lower exhaust hole and a drain hole are arranged on the side wall of the box body corresponding to the lower separation cavity, and the lower exhaust hole is located above the drain hole;

[0010] A seawater pipe is arranged outside the box body. One end of the seawater pipe is connected to the tail end of the water inlet channel, and the other end is connected to one end of the seawater evaporation channel close to the upper water storage tank; drain holes are arranged on the side walls of the box body corresponding to the upper water storage tank and the lower water storage tank.

[0011] Preferably, the several partition boards include a first horizontal partition board, a second horizontal partition board, a third horizontal partition board, a fourth horizontal partition board arranged from top to bottom inside the box body, and a first vertical partition board, a second vertical partition board, a third vertical partition board and a fourth vertical partition board; both the first horizontal partition board and the third horizontal partition board are hydrophobic and breathable membranes, which can prevent liquid from passing through but allow gas to pass through; the first horizontal partition board and the photothermal conversion plate enclose a seawater evaporation channel for seawater to flow therein; the second horizontal partition board and the third horizontal partition board are arranged in the middle of the box body, and the second horizontal partition board and the third horizontal partition board enclose an absorbent evaporation channel for absorbent to flow therein; the fourth horizontal partition board is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and a water inlet channel is separated at the bottom of the box body for introducing seawater into the box body;

[0012] The first vertical partition board and the second vertical partition board are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper cavity, separating the upper cavity into an upper water storage tank, a seawater evaporation cavity and an upper separation cavity from left to right. A gap is left between the first vertical partition board and the second horizontal partition board to form an upper drain port. An upper water retaining step is arranged at the position corresponding to the second vertical partition board on the second horizontal partition board to block the condensed water from passing through. A gap is left between the upper water retaining step and the second vertical partition board as an upper exhaust channel; the upper separation cavity is a cavity penetrating between the first horizontal partition board and the third horizontal partition board;

[0013] The third vertical partition board and the fourth vertical partition board are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower cavity, dividing the lower cavity into a lower water storage tank, an absorbent evaporation chamber and a lower separation chamber from left to right; a gap is left between the third vertical partition board and the fourth horizontal partition board to form a lower drain opening, and a lower water retaining step is arranged at a position corresponding to the fourth vertical partition board on the fourth horizontal partition board for blocking the passage of condensed water, and a gap is left between the lower water retaining step and the fourth vertical partition board as a lower exhaust passage.

[0014] Preferably, the materials of the first horizontal partition board and the third horizontal partition board are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP) film or a porous ceramic film modified by hydrophobicity;

[0015] The right end of the third horizontal partition board is bent downward to form a larger absorbent storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, the membrane reactor includes at least one flat membrane, tubular membrane, spiral wound membrane or plate and frame membrane, or includes a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes.

[0017] More preferably, the membrane reactor includes an upper end plate, a lower end plate, an upper liquid collecting pipe, a lower liquid collecting pipe and a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes. The upper end plate and the lower end plate are both hollow plates. The top and bottom ends of the hollow fiber membrane tubes are respectively connected to the upper end plate and the lower end plate and are internally communicated. The upper liquid collecting pipe is arranged at the top of the upper end plate and is internally communicated with the upper end plate. The lower liquid collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the lower end plate and is internally communicated with the lower end plate; sealing rings are arranged at the joints of the upper end plate of the membrane reactor and the upper liquid collecting pipe and at the joints of the lower end plate and the lower liquid collecting pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the gas separation device includes a plurality of condensation meshes arranged side by side vertically. Preferably, the aperture of the holes on the condensation mesh is 80-120 microns. Preferably, the condensation mesh is a dense copper mesh.

[0019] Preferably, a water pump or a metering pump is arranged on the seawater pipeline; a water pump or a metering pump is arranged on the absorbent rich liquid pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, a drain pipe is connected to the drain hole for collecting condensed water; an exhaust pipe is connected to the lower exhaust hole for collecting CO 2 gas.

[0021] Preferably, the water-carbon co-production device of the present invention further includes a base, which includes a horizontal bottom plate and an inclined plate. One end of the horizontal bottom plate and the inclined plate are fixedly connected to form a "V"-shaped base. The horizontal bottom plate is placed on a horizontal plane, and the inclined plate is used to place the water-carbon co-production device, so that the side of the water-carbon co-production device where the water storage tank is provided inclines downward, and the side where the membrane reactor is provided faces upward.

[0022] Preferably, the absorbent has a volatilization temperature > 100 °C, a solidification temperature lower than the ambient temperature, and selectively absorbs CO 2 and water vapor. The absorbent is preferably methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) or monoethanolamine (MEA).

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) By coupling the seawater interfacial evaporation technology with the carbon capture technology, the present invention realizes the efficient separation and recovery of condensed water and CO 2 in seawater as dual products.

[0025] (2) The present invention innovatively proposes a two-stage evaporator energy coupling design to balance the latent heat of phase change of condensed water and the absorption heat of carbon desorption. Specifically, the latent heat of vapor phase change generated by seawater interfacial evaporation is transferred to the absorbent interfacial evaporation part to drive the regeneration of lean absorbent and CO 2 desorption; at the same time, the latent heat of vapor generated by absorbent interfacial evaporation is absorbed by the seawater inlet pipe to preheat the incoming seawater. This closed energy cycle system maximally recovers the latent heat of phase change and reduces the dependence on external energy.

[0026] (3) The present invention designs a selective absorption device based on a membrane reactor and a dual-product (water vapor and CO 2 ) gas separation device using a condensation mesh array. The membrane reactor selectively captures CO 2 and water vapor through a highly selective absorbent to achieve efficient separation from other gases (N 2 , O 2 etc.); the dual-product gas separation device utilizes the synergistic effect of condensation mesh temperature difference condensation and physical screening to simplify the separation process of water vapor and CO 2 . These designs greatly reduce the equipment complexity and maintenance cost, and at the same time improve the separation efficiency and system operation stability.

[0027] (4) The present invention constructs an efficient absorbent circulation path to realize the regeneration and recycling of the absorbent. Specifically, the rich absorbent first enters the absorbent interfacial evaporation part and is heated by the latent heat of vapor phase change of the seawater interfacial evaporation part, so that the solubility of CO 2 decreases, and thus CO 2, at this time, the rich absorbent solution is transformed into the lean absorbent solution. The transformed lean absorbent solution will be mixed with the lean absorbent solution in the absorbent storage tank, and then the lean absorbent solution is transported to the hollow fiber membrane tube. At the hollow fiber membrane tube, the absorbent captures CO 2 and water vapor, and again forms a rich absorbent solution and enters the absorbent interfacial evaporation part, and so on in a cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 is a left view structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the membrane reactor in the device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 is a circulation schematic diagram of the absorbent in the device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 is an effect schematic diagram of the device of the present invention installed on the base.

[0035] Figure 8 is a working principle diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0036] Among them, the components or structures indicated by the reference numerals are:

[0037] photothermal conversion plate 1, seawater evaporation channel 2, absorbent evaporation channel 3, water inlet channel 4, upper storage tank 5a, lower storage tank 5b, seawater evaporation chamber 6, upper separation chamber 7a, lower separation chamber 7b, upper drain port 8a, lower drain port 8b, upper exhaust channel 9a, lower exhaust channel 9b, membrane reactor 10, upper liquid collecting pipe 101, lower liquid collecting pipe 102, hollow fiber membrane tube 103, upper end plate 104, lower end plate 105, absorbent storage tank 11, upper exhaust hole 12a, lower exhaust hole 12b, absorbent rich liquid pipe 13, absorbent evaporation chamber 14, gas separation device 15, condensation net 151, drain hole 16, seawater pipe 17, first transverse partition 181, second transverse partition 182, third transverse partition 183, fourth transverse partition 184, first vertical partition 185, second vertical partition 186, third vertical partition 187, fourth vertical partition 188, upper water retaining step 19a, lower water retaining step 19b, base 20, horizontal bottom plate 20a, inclined plate 20b, metering pump 21. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but this does not limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The experimental methods in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0040] Embodiment 1 Water-carbon co-production device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture

[0041] As Figures 1-7 shown, a water-carbon co-production device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture. The main body of the water-carbon co-production device is a box. The top cover of the box is a photothermal conversion plate 1 for converting solar energy into heat energy. Inside the box, several partitions divide it into a seawater evaporation channel 2 at the top, an absorbent evaporation channel 3 in the middle, and a water inlet channel 4 at the bottom. The seawater evaporation channel 2 and the absorbent evaporation channel 3 are breathable and liquid-separating;

[0042] The absorbent evaporation channel 3 divides the inside of the box into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is divided into an upper water storage tank 5a, a seawater evaporation chamber 6, and an upper separation chamber 7a from left to right by partitions. At the bottom of the partition between the upper water storage tank 5a and the seawater evaporation chamber 6, there is an upper drain port 8a for the condensed water in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 to flow into the upper water storage tank 5a. At the bottom of the partition between the seawater evaporation chamber 6 and the upper separation chamber 7a, there is an upper exhaust channel 9a for the gas in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 to enter the upper separation chamber 7a. Inside the upper separation chamber 7a, a membrane reactor 10 and an absorbent storage tank 11 are arranged up and down. The absorbent circulates inside the membrane reactor 10. Water vapor and CO 2 gas in the mixed gas formed after seawater evaporation can pass through the membrane reactor 10 and be absorbed by the absorbent therein. An upper liquid collecting pipe 101 is arranged at the top of the membrane reactor 10, and a lower liquid collecting pipe 102 is arranged at the bottom. The bottom end of the lower liquid collecting pipe 102 is located inside the absorbent storage tank 11. At least one upper exhaust hole 12a is arranged on the side wall of the box corresponding to the membrane reactor 10. An absorbent rich liquid pipe 13 is arranged outside the box. One end of the absorbent rich liquid pipe 13 is connected to the upper liquid collecting pipe 101 of the membrane reactor 10 and passes through the box, and the other end is connected to one end of the absorbent evaporation channel 3 close to the upper water storage tank 5a;

[0043] The lower cavity is divided from left to right by a partition into a lower water reservoir 5b, an absorbent evaporation chamber 14, and a lower separation chamber 7b; a lower drain opening 8b is provided at the bottom of the partition between the lower water reservoir 5b and the absorbent evaporation chamber 14 for the condensed water in the absorbent evaporation chamber 14 to flow into the lower water reservoir 5b, and a lower exhaust passage 9b is provided at the bottom of the partition between the absorbent evaporation chamber 14 and the lower separation chamber 7b for the gas in the absorbent evaporation chamber 14 to enter the lower separation chamber 7b; a gas separation device 15 for separating water vapor and CO 2 gas is provided in the lower separation chamber 7b, and the gas separation device 15 is used to condense water vapor into liquid water while allowing CO 2 gas to pass through; a lower exhaust hole 12b and a drain hole 16 are provided on the side wall of the box body corresponding to the lower separation chamber 7b, and the lower exhaust hole 12b is located above the drain hole 16;

[0044] A seawater pipeline 17 is provided outside the box body. One end of the seawater pipeline 17 is connected to the end of the water inlet passage 4, and the other end is connected to one end of the seawater evaporation passage 2 close to the upper water reservoir 5a; drain holes 16 are provided on the side walls of the box body corresponding to the upper water reservoir 5a and the lower water reservoir 5b.

[0045] In some embodiments, several partitions include a first horizontal partition 181, a second horizontal partition 182, a third horizontal partition 183, and a fourth horizontal partition 184 arranged from top to bottom inside the box body, as well as a first vertical partition 185, a second vertical partition 186, a third vertical partition 187, and a fourth vertical partition 188; both the first horizontal partition 181 and the third horizontal partition 183 are hydrophobic breathable membranes that can prevent liquid from passing through but allow gas to pass through; the first horizontal partition 181 and the photothermal conversion plate 1 enclose a seawater evaporation passage 2 for seawater to flow therein; the second horizontal partition 182 and the third horizontal partition 183 are arranged in the middle of the box body, and the second horizontal partition 182 and the third horizontal partition 183 enclose an absorbent evaporation passage 3 for absorbent to flow therein; the fourth horizontal partition 184 is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and a water inlet passage 4 is separated at the bottom of the box body for introducing seawater into the box body;

[0046] The first vertical partition 185 and the second vertical partition 186 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper cavity, dividing the upper cavity into an upper water reservoir 5a, a seawater evaporation chamber 6, and an upper separation chamber 7a from left to right. A gap is left between the first vertical partition 185 and the second horizontal partition 182 to form an upper drain opening 8a. An upper water retaining step 19a is provided at a position on the second horizontal partition 182 corresponding to the second vertical partition 186 to block the passage of condensed water. A gap is left between the upper water retaining step 19a and the second vertical partition 186 as an upper exhaust passage 9a; the upper separation chamber 7a is a cavity that penetrates between the first horizontal partition 181 and the third horizontal partition 183;

[0047] The third vertical partition plate 187 and the fourth vertical partition plate 188 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower cavity, dividing the lower cavity into a lower water storage tank 5b, an absorbent evaporation chamber 14, and a lower separation chamber 7b from left to right; a gap is left between the third vertical partition plate 187 and the fourth horizontal partition plate 184 to form a lower drain port 8b, and a lower water retaining step 19b is arranged at a position corresponding to the fourth vertical partition plate 188 on the fourth horizontal partition plate 184 to block the passage of condensed water, and a gap is left between the lower water retaining step 19b and the fourth vertical partition plate 188 as a lower exhaust passage 9b.

[0048] In some embodiments, the materials of the first horizontal partition plate 181 and the third horizontal partition plate 183 are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP) film, or a porous ceramic film modified by hydrophobicity; such hydrophobic breathable membranes that can be breathable but prevent the passage of liquids are prior art, and commercially available materials can be directly used. The following documents 1 and 2 introduce such materials in detail:

[0049] Document 1: Kim, Hyeon Tae, et al. "Recent advances in high-rate solar-driven interfacial evaporation." Advanced Science 11.26 (2024): 2401322

[0050] Document 2: Gao M, Peh C K, Meng F L, et al. Photothermal membrane distillation toward solar water production[J]. Small Methods, 2021, 5(5): 2001200.

[0051] In some embodiments, the right end of the third horizontal partition plate 183 is bent downward to form a larger absorbent storage tank 11 to provide sufficient storage space for the absorbent.

[0052] In some embodiments, the membrane reactor 10 includes at least one flat membrane, tubular membrane, spiral wound membrane, or plate and frame membrane, or includes a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes 103. In the prior art, conventional reactors that can absorb water vapor / CO 2 mixed gas can all be used as the membrane reactor 10 in the present invention. A flat membrane, tubular membrane, spiral wound membrane, plate and frame membrane, or hollow fiber membrane tube can be arranged in such a reactor, and the absorbent flows through the membrane or membrane tube. The water vapor / CO 2 mixed gas can pass through the outer wall of the membrane or membrane tube and enter the interior to be absorbed by the absorbent therein.

[0053] In some embodiments, the membrane reactor 10 includes an upper end plate 104, a lower end plate 105, an upper liquid collector 101, a lower liquid collector 102, and a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes 103. Both the upper end plate 104 and the lower end plate 105 are hollow plates. The top and bottom ends of the hollow fiber membrane tubes 103 are respectively connected to the upper end plate 104 and the lower end plate 105 and are internally connected. The upper liquid collector 101 is arranged on the top of the upper end plate 104 and is internally connected to the upper end plate 104. The lower liquid collector 102 is arranged at the bottom of the lower end plate 105 and is internally connected to the lower end plate 105. Sealing rings are provided at the connection between the upper end plate 104 of the membrane reactor 10 and the upper liquid collector 101 and at the connection between the lower end plate 105 and the lower liquid collector 102. The absorbent storage tank 11 stores lean absorbent (i.e., absorbent without CO 2 gas). When the lean absorbent after interfacial evaporation cannot be replenished into the membrane reactor 10 in time, it can ensure that there is enough absorbent to capture CO 2 and water vapor, avoiding affecting the capture effect due to insufficient absorbent. The absorbent enters the lower liquid collector 102 upward from the absorbent storage tank 11, and then enters the lower end plate 105. Since the inside of the lower end plate 105 is hollow and is connected to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane tubes 103, the lean absorbent enters the hollow fiber membrane tubes 103. The water vapor and CO 2 gas in the mixed gas generated in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 pass through the side wall of the hollow fiber membrane tubes 103 and are absorbed by the absorbent inside. The absorbent becomes rich absorbent, while N 2 and O 2 and other gases are not absorbed by the absorbent and are discharged out of the box through the upper exhaust hole 12a. The rich absorbent continues to flow upward into the upper end plate 104 for confluence, and then enters the upper liquid collector 101, and then enters the absorbent rich liquid pipe 13 connected to the upper liquid collector 101, and is pumped into the absorbent evaporation channel 3. The rich absorbent in the absorbent evaporation channel 3 is heated by the latent heat of phase change when the gas in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 exchanges heat and condenses, generating water vapor and CO 2 gas. The gas passes through the third transverse partition 183 and enters the absorbent evaporation chamber 14. The absorbent in the absorbent evaporation channel 3 becomes lean absorbent and flows back into the absorbent storage tank 11 to complete a cycle.

[0054] In some embodiments, the gas separation device 15 includes a plurality of condensation meshes 151 arranged vertically side by side. Preferably, the aperture of the holes on the condensation mesh 151 is 80 - 120 microns, and preferably the condensation mesh 151 is a dense copper mesh. The water vapor / CO 2 mixed gas enters the lower separation chamber 7b from the absorbent evaporation chamber 14. When the water vapor flows through the condensation mesh 151, it exchanges heat and condenses into liquid water, which accumulates in the lower separation chamber 7b and is discharged out of the box through the drain hole and the drain pipe on the box body.

[0055] In some embodiments, a water pump or a metering pump 21 is provided on the seawater pipeline 17; a water pump or a metering pump 21 is provided on the rich absorbent liquid pipe 13. Under the control of the metering pump, seawater is evenly transported through the seawater pipeline 17 to the seawater evaporation channel 2, and the rich absorbent liquid is evenly transported through the rich absorbent liquid pipe 13 to the absorbent evaporation channel 3.

[0056] In some embodiments, a drain pipe is connected to the drain hole 16 for collecting condensed water; an exhaust pipe is connected to the lower exhaust hole 12b for collecting CO 2 gas; that is, seawater desalination is realized while capturing CO therein 2 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the water-carbon co-production device of the present invention further includes a base 20, and the base 20 includes a horizontal bottom plate 20a and an inclined plate 20b. One end of the horizontal bottom plate 20a and the inclined plate 20b are fixedly connected to form a "V"-shaped base 20. The horizontal bottom plate 20a is placed on a horizontal plane, and the inclined plate 20b is used to place the water-carbon co-production device, so that the side of the water-carbon co-production device where the reservoir is provided is inclined downward, and the side where the membrane reactor 10 is provided faces upward. The installation angle of the water-carbon co-production device can be optimized as needed. After being installed obliquely, the gas-liquid flow characteristics in the device can be effectively improved by using the principle of gravity guidance: after the device is tilted, the gas can migrate more smoothly into the upper separation chamber 7a or the lower separation chamber 7b under the dual action of gravity and pressure difference, reducing the retention and energy consumption loss of the gas in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 or the absorbent evaporation chamber 14; at the same time, under the guidance of the inclined surface, the condensed water can quickly converge by the action of gravity and flow into the upper reservoir 5a and the lower reservoir 5b along the preset path, avoiding the residual phenomenon of condensed water due to surface tension or flow resistance in the horizontal structure. This inclined design can improve the gas transmission efficiency and the condensed water collection rate through the optimization of the physical space layout, and improve the comprehensive collection efficiency of the products.

[0058] The absorbent in the membrane reactor 10 in the device of the present invention has a volatilization temperature > 100 °C, a solidification temperature lower than the ambient temperature, and selectively absorbs CO 2 and water vapor. There are many absorbents in the prior art that meet such requirements and can be selected. Preferably, methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) or monoethanolamine (MEA) is used.

[0059] The working process of the water-carbon co-production device based on the coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture of the present invention (the working principle diagram is as Figure 8 shown) is as follows:

[0060] Seawater enters the water inlet channel 4 through the water inlet holes opened on the side wall of the box body, then flows into the seawater pipeline 17, and then into the seawater evaporation channel 2. The top cover of the box body is the photothermal conversion plate 1, and the photothermal conversion plate 1 converts solar energy into heat energy. The seawater evaporation channel 2 is surrounded by the photothermal conversion plate 1 and the first transverse partition 181. The photothermal conversion plate 1 generates heat and heats the seawater in the water evaporation channel 2. The seawater is heated by the heat of the photothermal conversion plate 1 and evaporated into a mixed gas containing water vapor, CO 2 , N 2 , O 2 , etc. Since the first transverse partition 181 is permeable to gas but impermeable to water, the mixed gas passes through the first transverse partition 181 and enters the seawater evaporation chamber 6. The water vapor in the mixed gas condenses into liquid water in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 or on the second transverse partition 182 (which acts as a condensation plate at this time) and then enters the upper water storage tank. The mixed gas containing CO 2 enters the membrane reactor 10 in the upper separation chamber 7a. The water vapor and CO 2 gas are absorbed by the absorbent in the hollow fiber membrane tube 103 (gases such as N 2 , O 2 , etc. are discharged out of the box body through the upper exhaust hole 12a). The absorbent that has absorbed water vapor and CO 2 enters the absorbent rich liquid pipe 13, and then flows into the absorbent evaporation channel 3. Since the second transverse partition 182 acts as a condensation plate and absorbs the latent heat of phase change generated by the condensation of the mixed gas in the seawater evaporation chamber 6 on the second transverse partition 182, the heat absorbed by the second transverse partition 182 is used to heat the absorbent rich liquid in the absorbent evaporation channel 3. The increase in the temperature of the rich liquid causes the solubility of CO 2 in it to decrease, and the generated water vapor / CO 2 mixed gas passes through the third transverse partition 183 (permeable to gas but impermeable to liquid) and enters the absorbent evaporation chamber 14. Most of the water vapor condenses into liquid water in the absorbent evaporation chamber 14 and at the fourth transverse partition 184 (which acts as a condensation plate at this time) and flows into the lower water storage tank 5b. The CO 2 gas mixed with water vapor enters the gas separation device 15 in the lower separation chamber 7b for the separation of water vapor and CO 2 . The water vapor condenses into water on the condensation mesh 151 and accumulates in the lower separation chamber 7b. The CO 2 gas is discharged through the lower exhaust hole 12b and enters the exhaust pipe for collection; the water is collected through the drain pipes connected to the drain holes 16 on the box body corresponding to the upper water storage tank 5a, the lower water storage tank 5b, and the lower separation chamber 7b; thus, simultaneous seawater desalination and the capture of CO 2 in it are achieved. The latent heat of phase change generated when the fourth transverse partition 184 condenses water vapor preheats the seawater in the water inlet channel 4. The preheated seawater enters the seawater evaporation channel 2 through the seawater pipeline 17, improving the energy utilization rate and the seawater evaporation rate, and enhancing the working efficiency of the device.

[0061] The device of the present invention optimizes the energy cycle and the absorbent regeneration path:

[0062] The second transverse baffle 182 in the seawater interfacial evaporation part is used as a condensation plate and is thermally connected to the absorbent evaporation channel 3, transferring the latent heat of phase change of the mixed gas generated by seawater evaporation to the absorbent to drive the interfacial evaporation of the absorbent.

[0063] The fourth transverse baffle 184 in the absorbent interfacial evaporation part is used as a condensation plate and is thermally connected to the water inlet channel 4, transferring the latent heat of phase change of the mixed gas generated by absorbent evaporation to the seawater entering the box body to realize seawater preheating.

[0064] The rich absorbent solution is desorbed of CO 2 and then turns into a lean solution, which flows back to the absorbent storage tank 11 and is mixed with the lean solution therein, and then is recycled through the membrane reactor 10.

Claims

1. A water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture, characterized in that: The main body of the water-carbon cogeneration device is a box body, the top cover of the box body is a light-heat conversion plate (1), and the box body is divided into a seawater evaporation channel (2) located at the top, an absorbent evaporation channel (3) located in the middle, and a water inlet channel (4) located at the bottom by a plurality of partitions; the seawater evaporation channel (2) and the absorbent evaporation channel (3) are air-permeable and liquid-insulated; The absorbent evaporation channel (3) divides the inner part of the housing into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the upper cavity is divided from left to right by a partition into an upper water reservoir (5a), a seawater evaporation cavity (6) and an upper separation cavity (7a); an upper drain port (8a) is provided at the bottom of the partition between the upper water reservoir (5a) and the seawater evaporation cavity (6) for condensed water in the seawater evaporation cavity (6) to flow into the upper water reservoir (5a); an upper exhaust channel (9a) is provided at the bottom of the partition between the seawater evaporation cavity (6) and the upper separation cavity (7a) for gas in the seawater evaporation cavity (6) to enter the upper separation cavity (7a); a membrane reactor (10) and an absorbent reservoir (11) are provided at the top and bottom of the upper separation cavity (7a), and the internal flow of the membrane reactor (10) Through the absorbent, water vapor and CO2 gas in the mixed gas formed after the evaporation of seawater can pass through the membrane reactor (10) and be absorbed by the absorbent therein. An upper liquid collecting pipe (101) is arranged on the top of the membrane reactor (10), and a lower liquid collecting pipe (102) is arranged on the bottom. The bottom end of the lower liquid collecting pipe (102) is located in the absorbent reservoir (11); at least one upper exhaust hole (12a) is arranged on the side wall of the box corresponding to the membrane reactor (10); an absorbent rich liquid pipe (13) is arranged outside the box, one end of the absorbent rich liquid pipe (13) is connected to the upper liquid collecting pipe (101) of the membrane reactor (10) and passes through the box, and the other end is connected to one end of the absorbent evaporation channel (3) close to the upper water reservoir (5a); The lower chamber is divided from left to right by a partition into a lower water reservoir (5b), an absorbent evaporation chamber (14) and a lower separation chamber (7b); a lower drain port (8b) is provided at the bottom of the partition between the lower water reservoir (5b) and the absorbent evaporation chamber (14) for condensed water in the absorbent evaporation chamber (14) to flow into the lower water reservoir (5b); and a lower exhaust channel (9b) is provided at the bottom of the partition between the absorbent evaporation chamber (14) and the lower separation chamber (7b) for gas in the absorbent evaporation chamber (14) to enter the lower separation chamber (7b); A gas separation device (15) for separating water vapor and CO2 gas is arranged in the lower separation chamber (7b), and the gas separation device (15) is used to condense water vapor into liquid water while allowing CO2 gas to pass through; a lower exhaust hole (12b) and a drain hole (16) are arranged on the side wall of the box body corresponding to the lower separation chamber (7b), and the lower exhaust hole (12b) is located above the drain hole (16); A seawater pipe (17) is arranged outside the box body, one end of the seawater pipe (17) is connected to the tail end of the water inlet channel (4), and the other end is connected to an end of the seawater evaporation channel (2) close to the upper water reservoir (5a); drainage holes (16) are provided on the side walls of the box body corresponding to the upper water reservoir (5a) and the lower water reservoir (5b).

2. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 is characterized by: The plurality of partitions include a first transverse partition (181), a second transverse partition (182), a third transverse partition (183), a fourth transverse partition (184), and a first vertical partition (185), a second vertical partition (186), a third vertical partition (187), and a fourth vertical partition (188) arranged from top to bottom inside the box body; the first transverse partition (181) and the third transverse partition (183) are both hydrophobic and breathable membranes that can prevent liquid from passing through but allow gas to pass through; the A transverse baffle (181) and a light-heat conversion plate (1) enclose a seawater evaporation channel (2) for seawater to flow therein; the second transverse baffle (182) and the third transverse baffle (183) are arranged in the middle of the box body, and the second transverse baffle (182) and the third transverse baffle (183) enclose an absorbent evaporation channel (3) for absorbent to flow therein; the fourth transverse baffle (184) is arranged at the bottom of the box body, and a water inlet channel (4) is separated at the bottom of the box body for introducing seawater into the box body; The first vertical baffle (185) and the second vertical baffle (186) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper cavity, and divide the upper cavity from left to right into an upper water storage tank (5a), a seawater evaporation chamber (6), and an upper separation chamber (7a); a gap is left between the first vertical baffle (185) and the second transverse baffle (182) to form an upper drain outlet (8a); an upper water retaining step (19a) is provided at a position corresponding to the second vertical baffle (186) on the second transverse baffle (182) to prevent condensed water from passing through; a gap is left between the upper water retaining step (19a) and the second vertical baffle (186) as an upper exhaust channel (9a); the upper separation chamber (7a) is a cavity that passes through from the first transverse baffle (181) to the third transverse baffle (183); The third vertical baffle (187) and the fourth vertical baffle (188) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the lower chamber, dividing the lower chamber from left to right into a lower water storage tank (5b), an absorbent evaporation chamber (14) and a lower separation chamber (7b); a gap is left between the third vertical baffle (187) and the fourth transverse baffle (184) to form a lower drain outlet (8b); a lower water retaining step (19b) is provided at a position on the fourth transverse baffle (184) corresponding to the fourth vertical baffle (188) to prevent condensed water from passing through; a gap is left between the lower water retaining step (19b) and the fourth vertical baffle (188) as a lower exhaust channel (9b).

3. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first transverse partition (181) and the third transverse partition (183) are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP) membrane or hydrophobically modified porous ceramic membrane; The right end portion of the third transverse partition (183) is bent downward to form an absorbent storage tank (11) with a larger space.

4. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The membrane reactor (10) comprises at least one flat membrane, tubular membrane, spiral membrane or plate-and-frame membrane, or comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes (103).

5. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The membrane reactor (10) comprises an upper end plate (104), a lower end plate (105), an upper collecting pipe (101), a lower collecting pipe (102) and a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubes (103); the upper end plate (104) and the lower end plate (105) are both hollow plates; the top and bottom ends of the hollow fiber membrane tubes (103) are respectively connected to the upper end plate (104) and the lower end plate (105) and are internally connected; the upper collecting pipe (101) is arranged at the top of the upper end plate (104) and is internally connected to the upper end plate (104); the lower collecting pipe (102) is arranged at the bottom of the lower end plate (105) and is internally connected to the lower end plate (105); sealing rings are provided at the connection between the upper end plate (104) and the upper collecting pipe (101) and at the connection between the lower end plate (105) and the lower collecting pipe (102) of the membrane reactor (10).

6. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gas separation device (15) comprises a plurality of condensation nets (151) arranged vertically side by side. Preferably, the pores on the condensation nets (151) have a diameter of 80-120 microns. Preferably, the condensation nets (151) are dense copper nets.

7. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 is characterized by: The seawater pipeline (17) is provided with a water pump or a metering pump (21); the absorbent rich liquid pipe (13) is provided with a water pump or a metering pump (21).

8. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 is characterized by: The drainage hole (16) is connected to a drainage pipe for collecting condensed water; the lower exhaust hole (12b) is connected to an exhaust pipe for collecting CO2 gas.

9. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1 is characterized by: The invention also comprises a base (20), wherein the base (20) comprises a horizontal bottom plate (20a) and an inclined plate (20b), wherein one end of the horizontal bottom plate (20a) and the inclined plate (20b) are fixedly connected to form a "V"-shaped base (20), wherein the horizontal bottom plate (20a) is placed on a horizontal plane, and the inclined plate (20b) is used to place a water-carbon cogeneration device, so that the side of the water-carbon cogeneration device where the water reservoir is arranged is tilted downward, and the side where the membrane reactor (10) is arranged is facing upward.

10. The water-carbon cogeneration device based on coupling of solar interfacial evaporation and ocean carbon capture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbent has the characteristics of a volatilization temperature greater than 100° C., a solidification temperature lower than the ambient temperature, and selective absorption of CO 2 and water vapor. The absorbent is preferably methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) or monoethanolamine (MEA).

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