Flame-retardant biomass filler, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of flame-retardant biomass fillers and preparation method and application, and it belongs to biomass filler technical field, wherein, flame-retardant biomass fillers include the following components according to weight parts: biomass 10-30 parts, composite flame retardant 10-40 parts, dispersing agent 10-30 parts;The composite flame retardant is at least two kinds of adenosine triphosphate, phosphoric acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid, borax, sodium tripolyphosphate, pentaerythritol, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, boric acid, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid amidino urea.The application uses biomass instead of flour and common flame retardant as raw material, using physical blending method, preparation environment-friendly biomass filler, it is conducive to improving the added value of agricultural and forestry processing surplus, reduce the production cost of biomass filler, promote the development of flame-retardant filler industry, with important economic benefits and social benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass filler, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant biomass filler and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of economy and the growth of population, the global demand for energy is increasing, and the traditional fossil energy such as coal, oil and natural gas is limited and non-renewable, and the energy shortage problem is increasingly prominent. It is urgent to find alternative renewable energy, and agricultural and forestry residues as a rich biomass energy resource have great development potential.

[0003] China's agriculture and forestry are developing rapidly, and a large amount of agricultural and forestry residues are produced every year, but only a small part is effectively utilized, and most of them are burned, landfilled or discarded at will, which not only wastes valuable resources but also occupies a large amount of land space.

[0004] Soybean meal powder, tea meal powder, cottonseed meal powder, palm kernel meal powder, sweet potato powder, jatropha meal powder and rubber seed meal powder are all residues after oil pressing or food processing, containing a certain amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and other ingredients, which can be added to wood adhesives as fillers to increase the solid content of the adhesive and reduce production costs. At present, there are related literatures about bio-based compound fillers, for example:

[0005] 1. Patent application CN202210013097.4 discloses a modified oil tea fruit shell powder, a preparation method thereof and an oil tea fruit shell powder filler and application thereof. The technology belongs to the field of wood adhesive additives. In the invention, the preparation process of the modified oil tea fruit shell powder is as follows: first, mix the oil tea fruit shell powder, NaOH solution and polypropylene and react to obtain a reaction liquid. Then, adjust the pH value of the reaction liquid, centrifuge to obtain a first precipitate, and dry the first precipitate to obtain a pre-modified oil tea fruit shell powder. Then, soak the pre-modified oil tea fruit shell powder in a boric acid solution to form an acidic oil tea fruit shell powder liquid. Then, adjust the pH value of the acidic oil tea fruit shell powder liquid again, centrifuge to obtain a second precipitate, and dry the second precipitate to finally obtain the modified oil tea fruit shell powder. When the modified oil tea fruit shell powder is used in combination with coconut shell activated carbon, it can be used as a filler for artificial boards, significantly improving the bonding strength and flame retardant performance of the artificial boards, and reducing the release amount of formaldehyde.

[0006] 2、Patent application CN202410214391.0 discloses a kind of biomass-based compound filler for glue and its preparation method, adhesive and its application in plywood, the biomass-based filler includes at least one of corn cob, walnut shell, bamboo sawdust, straw powder, which is used after being pretreated to expose surface hydrophilic groups, the gelatinizing agent includes at least one of soluble starch, carboxymethyl starch, xanthan gum, guar gum, konjac gum. The invention can realize the reuse of cheap renewable biomass-based filler, improve the initial adhesion of adhesive. But the filler needs to be treated with acid, heat, grinding, screening, washing, filtering, drying and other steps before use, the process is relatively complex.

[0007] 3、Patent application CN201711369836.9 discloses a method for producing biomass filler for artificial board with ultra-micro activated eucalyptus bark. The invention uses eucalyptus bark as raw material, replaces flour as active filler for wood processing adhesive through recycling utilization, turning waste into treasure. Eucalyptus bark needs to be crushed, treated with microorganisms, soaked, dehydrated by extrusion, dried, decontaminated, impact crushed and functionally modified before use.

[0008] 4、Patent application CN201410542290.2 discloses a lignin-based filler and its preparation method and application. The invention hydrolyzes agricultural and forestry biomass residues to obtain agricultural and forestry biomass residue powder; purifies industrial alkali lignin to obtain purified industrial alkali lignin powder; mixes the agricultural and forestry biomass residue powder and the industrial alkali lignin powder to prepare the lignin-based filler. The filler is mainly used as an additive for urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.

[0009] In the above disclosed documents, the preparation methods of patent applications CN202410214391.0 and CN201711369836.9 are relatively complicated, increasing production costs. Patent application CN202210013097.4 mentions that bio-based filler can improve the flame retardant performance of artificial board, but does not mention the related flame retardant indicators.

[0010] In order to make the biomass filler have flame retardant function, it is particularly important to develop a flame-retardant biomass filler. SUMMARY

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant biomass filler to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0012] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0013] A flame-retardant biomass filler comprises the following components by weight: 10-30 parts biomass, 10-40 parts composite flame retardant, and 10-30 parts dispersant; wherein the composite flame retardant is at least two of adenosine triphosphate, phosphoric acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, borax, sodium tripolyphosphate, pentaerythritol, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, boric acid, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and amidourea phosphate.

[0014] Preferably, the flame-retardant biomass filler comprises the following components by weight: 15-25 parts biomass, 20-30 parts composite flame retardant, and 15-25 parts dispersant.

[0015] Preferably, the biomass is agricultural and forestry processing residue, specifically at least one of soybean meal powder, tea meal powder, cottonseed meal powder, palm kernel meal powder, sweet potato powder, jatropha meal powder, and rubber seed meal powder.

[0016] Preferably, the dispersant is at least one selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, triethylhexylphosphate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, methylpentanol, cellulose derivatives, polyacrylamide, melamine, and fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the composite flame retardant to the dispersant is 0.9:2.1-2.1:0.9.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned flame-retardant biomass filler, which includes the following steps:

[0019] The biomass was pulverized to a fineness of 120 mesh or higher.

[0020] The composite flame retardant is pulverized to a fineness of 120 mesh or higher;

[0021] The dispersant is pulverized to a fineness of 120 mesh or higher;

[0022] The pulverized biomass, composite flame retardant, and dispersant are mixed evenly to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0023] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned flame-retardant biomass filler in the preparation of flame-retardant engineered wood panels. The performance indicators meet the requirements of Class II plywood (bonding strength ≥ 0.7 MPa) specified in the national standard GB / T 9846-2015, and the flame retardancy index (oxygen index) exceeds 42%, meeting the B1 grade (oxygen index OI ≥ 32%) specified in GB / T 8624-2012.

[0024] The biomass filler provided by the application can be prepared by using biomass and common flame retardants as raw materials, and the raw materials are easy to obtain, can be directly and uniformly blended with the adhesive, and the preparation process is simple by using a physical blending method. The biomass used is derived from agricultural and forestry products, and is pure biomass, which is conducive to reducing the dependence of the wood industry on fossil resources, improving the added value of agricultural and forestry processing residues, reducing the production cost of the biomass filler, promoting the development of the flame-retardant filler industry, providing a flame-retardant, low-cost and green and environmentally-friendly filler for the wood-based panel product, especially the plywood, improving the market competitiveness of the biomass filler, and promoting the development of the biomass filler industry and the wood industry, and has important economic and social benefits. In addition, the composite flame retardant used in the application can coexist well with the adhesive, greatly improves the flame-retardant performance without affecting the bonding performance, and has stable performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0026] Embodiment 1: The embodiment provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and a preparation method thereof includes the following steps:

[0027] S1, selecting sweet potato powder as the biomass, and crushing the biomass by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0028] S2, selecting an equal mass ratio mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and phosphoric acid amidine as a composite flame retardant, and crushing the composite flame retardant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0029] S3, selecting sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant, and crushing the dispersant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0030] S4, uniformly mixing the crushed biomass 20 kg, the composite flame retardant 25.2 kg and the dispersant 10.8 kg by a stirrer (the mass ratio of the composite flame retardant to the dispersant is 2.1:0.9), and then packaging in batches to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0031] The performance index of the flame-retardant biomass filler is: the limiting oxygen index is 44.75%; the strength of the plywood prepared from the flame-retardant biomass filler after soaking in 63±3℃ water for 3h is 1.22 MPa; the performance index of the flame-retardant wood-based panel produced by using the flame-retardant biomass filler meets the requirements of the national standard GB / T 9846.3-2004 for type II plywood (glue strength ≥ 0.7 MPa), and the flame-retardant index (oxygen index) meets the B1 level (oxygen index OI ≥ 32%) specified in GB / T 8624-2012.

[0032] Embodiment 2: The embodiment provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and a preparation method thereof includes the following steps:

[0033] S1, selecting sweet potato powder as biomass, and crushing the biomass by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0034] S2, selecting an equal mass ratio mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and phosphoric acid amidine as a composite flame retardant, and crushing the composite flame retardant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0035] S3, selecting sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant, and crushing the dispersant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0036] S4, mixing the crushed biomass 20 kg, the composite flame retardant 18 kg and the dispersant 18 kg by a stirrer (the mass ratio of the composite flame retardant to the dispersant is 2.1:2.1), and packaging in batches to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0037] The performance index of the flame-retardant biomass filler is: the limiting oxygen index is 44.45%; the strength of the plywood prepared from the flame-retardant biomass filler after soaking in 63±3℃ water for 3h is 1.82 MPa.

[0038] Embodiment 3: The embodiment provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and a preparation method thereof includes the following steps:

[0039] S1, selecting sweet potato powder as biomass, and crushing the biomass by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0040] S2, selecting an equal mass ratio mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and phosphoric acid amidine as a composite flame retardant, and crushing the composite flame retardant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0041] S3, selecting sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant, and crushing the dispersant by a crusher to more than 120 mesh;

[0042] S4, the pulverized biomass 10kg, the composite flame retardant 10kg and the dispersant 10kg are mixed uniformly by a stirrer, and the flame-retardant biomass filler can be obtained after batch packaging.

[0043] The performance index of the flame-retardant biomass filler is that the limiting oxygen index is 42.05%, and the strength of the plywood prepared from the flame-retardant biomass filler after soaking in 63±3℃ water for 3h is 1.32 MPa.

[0044] Example 4: The example provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, a mixture of tea meal powder and cottonseed meal powder in equal mass ratio is selected as biomass, and the biomass is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0046] S2, an equal mass ratio mixture of adenosine triphosphate, phosphoric acid and borax is selected as a composite flame retardant, and the composite flame retardant is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0047] S3, an equal mass ratio mixture of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate is selected as a dispersant, and the dispersant is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0048] S4, the pulverized biomass 10kg, the composite flame retardant 10kg and the dispersant 10kg are mixed uniformly by a stirrer, and the flame-retardant biomass filler can be obtained after batch packaging.

[0049] Example 5: The example provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, palm kernel meal powder is selected as biomass, and the biomass is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0051] S2, an equal mass ratio mixture of sodium tripolyphosphate, pentaerythritol and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is selected as a composite flame retardant, and the composite flame retardant is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0052] S3, an equal mass ratio mixture of triethylhexyl phosphoric acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate and methyl amyl alcohol is selected as a dispersant, and the dispersant is pulverized by a pulverizer to more than 120 mesh;

[0053] S4, the pulverized biomass 30kg, the composite flame retardant 40kg and the dispersant 30kg are mixed uniformly by a stirrer, and the flame-retardant biomass filler can be obtained after batch packaging.

[0054] Example 6: The example provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1, select soybean meal powder, Jatropha meal powder and rubber seed meal powder as biomass, and grind the biomass by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0056] S2, select an equal mass ratio mixture of boric acid and ammonium polyphosphate as a composite flame retardant, and grind the composite flame retardant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0057] S3, select a cellulose derivative as a dispersant, and grind the dispersant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0058] S4, mix the ground biomass 15 kg, the composite flame retardant 20 kg and the dispersant 15 kg by a blender, and package in batches to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0059] Example 7: The example provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, select Jatropha meal powder as biomass, and grind the biomass by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0061] S2, select an equal mass ratio mixture of ammonium sulfate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate as a composite flame retardant, and grind the composite flame retardant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0062] S3, select an equal mass ratio mixture of polyacrylamide, melamine and fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester as a dispersant, and grind the dispersant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0063] S4, mix the ground biomass 25 kg, the composite flame retardant 30 kg and the dispersant 25 kg by a blender, and package in batches to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0064] Example 8: The example provides a flame-retardant biomass filler, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1, select palm kernel meal powder as biomass, and grind the biomass by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0066] S2, select an equal mass ratio mixture of adenosine triphosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and phosphoric acid amidine as a composite flame retardant, and grind the composite flame retardant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0067] S3, select an equal mass ratio mixture of triethylhexyl phosphate, methylamyl alcohol and fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester as a dispersant, and grind the dispersant by a grinder to 120 mesh or more;

[0068] S4, the pulverized biomass 20kg, composite flame retardant 25kg and dispersant 20kg are mixed uniformly by a blender, and then are packaged in batches to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

[0069] Comparative Example 1: The comparative example provides a biomass filler, which is different from Example 1 in that no composite flame retardant and dispersant are added, and other conditions are unchanged.

[0070] It is detected that the performance index of the biomass filler prepared in the comparative example is that the limiting oxygen index is 30.75%, and the strength of the plywood prepared from the biomass filler after soaking in 63±3℃ water for 3h is 1.77 MPa.

[0071] In summary, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] (1) The biomass used in the embodiment of the present application is derived from agricultural and forestry products, which is pure biomass, and the raw material source is wide, and the preparation is simple and easy to operate, which reduces the production cost of the adhesive.

[0073] (2) The embodiment of the present application uses the physical blending method of biomass and common flame retardant, which does not need any pre-treatment, and is directly used with the adhesive, and the preparation process is simple.

[0074] (3) The embodiment of the present application uses the composite flame retardant which can coexist with the adhesive, and the performance index of the plywood meets the requirements of various types of plywood specified in the national standard GBT 9846-2015 (depending on the adhesive used by the factory), and the flame retardant index (oxygen index) is more than 42%, which meets the B1 level (oxygen index OI≥32%) specified in GB / T 8624-2012.

[0075] Based on the above ideal embodiments according to the present application, through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents in the specification.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant biomass filler, characterized by, The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting sweet potato powder as biomass, and crushing the biomass by a crusher to 120 meshes or more; S2, selecting an equal mass ratio mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and phosphoric acid amidine as a composite flame retardant, and crushing the composite flame retardant by a crusher to 120 meshes or more; S3, selecting sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant, and crushing the dispersant by a crusher to 120 meshes or more; S4, uniformly mixing the crushed biomass 20 kg, the composite flame retardant 18 kg and the dispersant 18 kg by a stirrer, and then batch packaging to obtain the flame-retardant biomass filler.

2. Application of the flame-retardant biomass filler in claim 1 in the preparation of flame-retardant artificial boards.