Converter steam waste heat utilization device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of converter waste heat utilization equipment, and discloses a converter steam waste heat utilization device which comprises a heat exchange box and a steam pocket arranged at the top of the heat exchange box, and a superheater, an evaporator and an economizer are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange box from a smoke inlet to a smoke outlet. Three independent cavities, namely a steam chamber, a drainage chamber and a water storage chamber, are sequentially arranged in the steam pocket, a transversely-arranged steam-water separation device is arranged in the water storage chamber, steam generated by heating of the evaporator is subjected to steam-water separation through the steam-water separation device, the separated water flows into the drainage chamber, and the separated steam flows into the steam chamber. Through the structural design of the steam chamber, the drainage chamber and the water storage chamber which are independent in the steam pocket, separated water can flow into the drainage chamber, separated steam can flow into the steam chamber, the separated water cannot interfere with steam, the situation that separated water drops are possibly entrained by high-speed steam again is avoided, and the heat utilization effect of the steam is further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of converter waste heat utilization equipment, and in particular to a converter steam waste heat utilization device. Background Art

[0002] Converter steelmaking is a process of blowing oxygen into molten iron from a blast furnace to remove impurities such as carbon to produce molten steel. In this process, the temperature inside the converter can reach 1600°C, and at the same time, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas and waste heat are generated. These flue gases are rich in recoverable heat energy. If utilized, a large amount of energy can be saved. The existing converter waste heat is generally recovered and utilized through a waste heat steam boiler, so that the generated steam can be used for processes such as heating and power generation inside the steel plant, reducing the demand for external energy.

[0003] The existing waste heat steam boiler mainly includes a steam drum above and a heat exchange device below. Inside the heat exchange device, a superheater, an evaporator, and an economizer are sequentially arranged, and the superheater is close to the flue gas inlet, that is, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas first to heat the steam into superheated steam. Secondly is the evaporator, which heats the preheated hot water entering the steam drum into water vapor and introduces it into the steam drum for separation by a steam-water separator. The separated steam enters the superheater. Finally, the economizer is used to preheat cold water into hot water.

[0004] However, due to the longitudinal arrangement of the steam-water separator inside the existing steam drum, limited by the height of the steam drum, the effective separation time of steam and water is short, and the problem of incomplete separation is likely to occur. Moreover, the steam-water separator communicates with the hot water inside the steam drum, which makes the separated water droplets possibly be re-entrained by the high-speed steam. And because during the entire converter waste heat utilization process, the temperature of the converter flue gas is not constant and will fluctuate, the heat exchange effect will also fluctuate. Inside the existing steam drum, the water level will also change in height due to the fluctuation of the converter flue gas temperature. When the water level inside the steam drum is high, the steam-water separation path inside the steam-water separator is shorter, and there is a problem that water droplets are more likely to be re-entrained by the high-speed steam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application proposes a converter steam waste heat utilization device, which has the advantage of low water content in the obtained steam, so as to solve the problem that when the existing waste heat steam boiler recovers and utilizes the high-temperature flue gas generated by the converter, due to the structural problems of the longitudinal steam-water separation inside its own steam drum, the steam-water separation is not complete, affecting the final steam effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solution: A converter steam waste heat utilization device includes a heat exchange box and a steam drum provided at the top of the heat exchange box. Inside the heat exchange box, a superheater, an evaporator, and an economizer are sequentially arranged from the flue gas inlet to the flue gas outlet. Inside the steam drum, three independent chambers, namely a steam chamber, a drainage chamber, and a water storage chamber, are sequentially provided. A horizontally arranged steam-water separation device is provided in the water storage chamber.

[0007] The steam generated by heating the evaporator is subjected to steam-water separation by the steam-water separation device. The separated water flows into the drainage chamber, and the separated steam flows into the steam chamber. The steam chamber, the drainage chamber, and the water storage chamber are respectively connected to the water inlet of the evaporator and are independently supplied with water.

[0008] Further, a first partition plate and a second partition plate are fixedly installed on one side inside the steam drum, and the first partition plate is located outside the second partition plate. The steam chamber is arranged on the side of the first partition plate away from the second partition plate. The drainage chamber is arranged between the first partition plate and the second partition plate. The water storage chamber is arranged on the side of the second partition plate away from the first partition plate. The inside of the steam drum is divided into three independent chambers by the first partition plate and the second partition plate, so as to store the separated steam, the separated water, and the preheated water respectively, thereby reducing the interference received by the steam-water separation.

[0009] Further, two third partition plates are fixedly installed on the other side inside the steam drum. Lower through slots are respectively opened at the bottoms of the two third partition plates. A partition plate located above the lower through slots is fixedly installed between the two third partition plates. The chamber between the two third partition plates is set as a steam inlet chamber. The chamber outside the third partition plate is set as a steam-water inlet chamber. The steam-water inlet chamber is communicated with the water storage chamber through the lower through slots. The output pipe orifice of the evaporator extends into the steam-water inlet chamber. And an upper through slot communicating the steam inlet chamber and the steam-water inlet chamber is opened at the top of one of the third partition plates. The steam inlet chamber formed by the two third partition plates and the partition plate facilitates the separate entry of steam, and then the steam is separated by the steam-water separation device, reducing the interference of the water in the water storage chamber.

[0010] Further, the height value of the lower through slot does not exceed one-third of the diameter value of the third partition plate. The steam-water separation device is arranged between the second partition plate and the third partition plate, and the number of the steam-water separation devices is not less than two. The steam-water separation device is arranged above the partition plate. Cooperating with the steam inlet chamber formed by the two third partition plates and the partition plate, when more horizontally arranged steam-water separation devices are arranged in the water storage chamber and the water level height in the water storage chamber does not exceed the upper through slot, it will not interfere with the steam-water separation in the steam-water separation device, and at the same time, the normal water level fluctuation in the water storage chamber will not interfere with the steam-water separation.

[0011] Furthermore, the steam-water separation device includes an outer sleeve pipe fixedly installed between the second partition plate and the third partition plate. In the middle of the inner cavity of the outer sleeve pipe, there is an inner sleeve pipe, and both ends of the inner sleeve pipe are fixedly connected to one side of the third partition plate and the first partition plate respectively. The inner cavity of the outer sleeve pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the drainage chamber, and the inner cavity of the inner sleeve pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the steam chamber. A spiral blade is fixedly installed inside the inner sleeve pipe, and a middle shaft is fixedly installed in the middle of the spiral blade. A plurality of drainage holes are formed at the bottom of the inner sleeve pipe, and the plurality of drainage holes are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner sleeve pipe. Through the spiral channel formed by the spiral blade in the inner sleeve pipe, when the water vapor flows through the inner sleeve pipe, steam-water separation is achieved. The water vapor enters the steam chamber, and the separated water falls into the outer sleeve pipe through the drainage holes and flows into the interior of the drainage chamber. Through the horizontal arrangement of the spiral channel in the inner sleeve pipe, compared with the existing method of longitudinally arranging the steam-water separator in the heat exchange box, the effective action time of steam-water separation is longer, and thus the effect of steam-water separation is better.

[0012] Furthermore, guide water pipes are connected to the bottoms of the steam chamber, the drainage chamber and the water storage chamber respectively. Solenoid valves are provided on the three guide water pipes, and the bottom ends of the three guide water pipes respectively extend into the interior of the heat exchange box and are connected to the water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe is arranged inside the heat exchange box, and one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator, which is convenient for the steam chamber, the drainage chamber and the water storage chamber to drain water separately without affecting each other.

[0013] Furthermore, a water level sensor is respectively arranged inside the steam chamber and the drainage chamber. The water level sensor is located below the steam-water separation device and is close to the lowest steam-water separation device inside the heat exchange box, so that after the water levels in the steam chamber and the drainage chamber reach a certain height, automatic drainage is carried out. At the same time, through the drainage interval time in the drainage chamber, the influence of the change in the temperature of the converter gas on the water content in the steam is judged, so as to control the water inflow of the economizer. That is, when the drainage interval time in the drainage chamber is significantly shortened, it means that the water content in the steam increases, and it can be judged that the temperature of the flue gas generated by the converter decreases, so as to timely reduce the water inflow of the economizer. When the drainage interval time in the drainage chamber is significantly increased, that is, the water content in the steam decreases, it can be judged that the temperature of the flue gas generated by the converter increases, so as to technically increase the water inflow of the economizer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. For a converter steam waste heat utilization device provided in the present application, through the structural design of the independent steam chamber, drainage chamber and water storage chamber in the steam drum, it is beneficial for the separated water to flow into the drainage chamber, and the separated steam to flow into the steam chamber, so that the separated water will not interfere with the water vapor, avoiding the possibility that the separated water droplets may be re-entrained by the high-speed steam, and further ensuring the heat utilization effect of the steam.

[0016] 2. Through the structural design of the independent steam chamber, drainage chamber and water storage chamber in the steam drum, it is beneficial for the separated water to flow into the drainage chamber and the separated steam to flow into the steam chamber. When the water level inside the water storage chamber rises, it will not affect the steam-water separation. Finally, the steam with lower water content is obtained, and the steam reuse effect is better.

[0017] 3. By horizontally arranging the steam-water separation device inside the steam drum, compared with the existing method of longitudinally arranging the steam-water separator inside the heat exchange box, the effective action time of steam-water separation is longer, and thus the steam-water separation effect is better, improving the heat utilization efficiency of the converter waste heat. Moreover, the influence on the steam utilization equipment is reduced, effectively reducing the situation that excessive moisture in the steam may cause internal corrosion, scaling or wear of the equipment, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the left view of the second partition plate in

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 one of the sectional structural schematic diagrams of the outer sleeve pipe in

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at A in

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 1 the partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at B in

[0024] In the figure: 1. Heat exchange box; 2. Steam drum; 201. Steam chamber; 202. Drainage chamber; 203. Water storage chamber; 204. Steam inlet cavity; 205. Steam-water inlet cavity; 3. Superheater; 4. Evaporator; 5. Economizer; 6. Water inlet pipe; 7. First partition plate; 8. Second partition plate; 9. Third partition plate; 901. Lower through groove; 902. Upper through groove; 10. Isolation plate; 11. Steam-water separation device; 111. Outer sleeve pipe; 112. Inner sleeve pipe; 113. Intermediate shaft; 114. Spiral blade; 115. Drainage hole; 12. Water guide pipe; 13. Solenoid valve; 14. Water level sensor. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Such as Figure 1 , a converter steam waste heat utilization device includes a heat exchange box 1. A steam drum 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the heat exchange box 1. An overheater 3, an evaporator 4 and a economizer 5 are arranged inside the heat exchange box 1. The overheater 3 is close to the smoke inlet of the heat exchange box 1, the economizer 5 is close to the smoke outlet of the heat exchange box 1, and the evaporator 4 is located between the overheater 3 and the economizer 5. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the converter enters through the air inlet of the heat exchange box 1, first acts on the overheater 3 to superheat the steam in the overheater 3 into superheated steam, then acts on the evaporator 4 to heat the water in the evaporator 4 into water vapor, and finally acts on the economizer 5 to preheat the water in the economizer 5.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-2 , on one side inside the steam drum 2, a first partition 7 and a second partition 8 are fixedly installed, and the first partition 7 is located outside the second partition 8. The chamber between the first partition 7 and the second partition 8 is set as a drainage chamber 202. The chamber on the side of the first partition 7 away from the second partition 8 is set as a steam chamber 201. The chamber on the side of the second partition 8 away from the first partition 7 is set as a water storage chamber 203. On the other side inside the steam drum 2, two third partitions 9 are fixedly installed. Lower through grooves 901 are respectively opened at the bottoms of the two third partitions 9, and the height value of the lower through grooves 901 does not exceed one-third of the diameter value of the third partitions 9. A partition plate 10 located above the lower through grooves 901 is fixedly installed between the two third partitions 9. The chamber between the two third partitions 9 is set as a steam inlet chamber 204. The chamber outside the third partition 9 is set as a steam-water inlet chamber 205. The steam-water inlet chamber 205 is communicated with the water storage chamber 203 through the lower through grooves 901. The output pipe orifice of the evaporator 4 extends into the steam-water inlet chamber 205. And an upper through groove 902 communicating the steam inlet chamber 204 and the steam-water inlet chamber 205 is opened at the top of one of the third partitions 9. That is, after the water in the evaporator 4 is heated into water vapor by the converter flue gas, the water vapor enters the steam-water inlet chamber 205 through the gas transmission pipeline, and then enters the steam inlet chamber 204 through the upper through groove 902.

[0028] A number of horizontally arranged steam-water separation devices 11 are fixedly installed between the second partition plate 8 and the third partition plate 9. The number of the steam-water separation devices 11 is not less than two, and the steam-water separation devices 11 are arranged above the partition plate 10 to ensure that the water in the water storage chamber 203 will not flow into the interior of the steam-water separation devices 11, affecting the separation of water vapor and water inside the steam-water separation devices 11.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 3-4 , the steam-water separation device 11 includes an outer sleeve 111 fixedly installed between the second partition plate 8 and the third partition plate 9. A middle sleeve 112 is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 111, and both ends of the middle sleeve 112 are fixedly connected to one side of the third partition plate 9 and the first partition plate 7 respectively. The inner cavity of the outer sleeve 111 is communicated with the inner cavity of the drainage chamber 202, and the inner cavity of the middle sleeve 112 is communicated with the inner cavity of the steam chamber 201. A spiral blade 114 is fixedly installed inside the middle sleeve 112, a middle shaft 113 is fixedly installed in the middle of the spiral blade 114, and a number of drainage holes 115 are opened at the bottom of the middle sleeve 112, and the number of drainage holes 115 are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the middle sleeve 112. Through the spiral channel formed by the spiral blade 114 inside the middle sleeve 112, after the water vapor flows through the middle sleeve 112, the steam-water separation is realized. The water vapor then enters the steam chamber 201, and the separated water falls into the outer sleeve 111 through the drainage holes 115 and flows into the interior of the drainage chamber 202. Through the horizontal arrangement of the spiral channel inside the middle sleeve 112, compared with the existing method of longitudinally arranging the steam-water separator in the heat exchange tank 1, the effective action time of the steam-water separation is longer, and thus the effect of the steam-water separation is better, improving the heat utilization efficiency of the converter waste heat, and reducing the influence on the steam utilization equipment, effectively reducing the situation that excessive moisture in the steam may cause internal corrosion, scaling or wear of the equipment, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the equipment. And, by arranging the middle sleeve 112 in the middle of the inner cavity of the steam-water separation device 11, a small amount of water separated inside the middle sleeve 112 flows into the outer sleeve 111 through the drainage holes 115 and flows to the independent drainage chamber 202 through the outer sleeve 111, so that the separated water will not interfere with the water vapor, avoiding the possibility that the separated water droplets may be re-entrained by the high-speed steam, further ensuring the heat utilization effect of the steam. And, when the water level inside the water storage chamber 203 rises, it will not affect the steam-water separation. That is, during the whole process of the converter preheating utilization, the temperature of the converter flue gas is not constant and there will be fluctuations, resulting in fluctuations in the heat exchange effect. In the existing steam drum, the water level will also change in height due to the fluctuations in the temperature of the converter flue gas. When the water level in the steam drum is relatively high, the steam-water separation path inside the steam-water separator is shorter, and there is a problem that water droplets are more likely to be re-entrained by the high-speed steam. Therefore, compared with the existing steam drum, the steam obtained has a lower water content and a better steam reuse effect.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5, a water guide pipe 12 is connected to the bottoms of the steam chamber 201, the drainage chamber 202 and the water storage chamber 203. Solenoid valves 13 are provided on all three water guide pipes 12, and the bottom ends of the three water guide pipes 12 respectively extend into the interior of the heat exchange tank 1 and are connected to the water inlet pipe 6. The water inlet pipe 6 is arranged inside the heat exchange tank 1, and one end of the water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator 4. A water level sensor 14 is respectively arranged inside the steam chamber 201 and the drainage chamber 202. The water level sensor 14 is located below the outer sleeve 111 and is close to the lowermost outer sleeve 111 inside the heat exchange tank 1.

[0031] During normal use, the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the steam chamber 201 and the drainage chamber 202 is in the closed state, and the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the water storage chamber 203 is in the open state. The water in the water storage chamber 203 normally flows through the water guide pipe 12 and the water inlet pipe 6 into the evaporator 4, and heat exchange is carried out using the high-temperature flue gas generated by the converter to heat the water in the evaporator 4 into water vapor. The water vapor flows into the steam-water inlet chamber 205 and enters the steam-water separation device 11 through the steam inlet chamber 204 for steam-water separation. And a small amount of the separated water enters the drainage chamber 202 to reduce the impact on subsequent steam-water separation. When the water level in the drainage chamber 202 rises above the water level sensor 14, the signal of the water level sensor 14 is transmitted to the controller to control the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the water storage chamber 203 to close and the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the drainage chamber 202 to open, and the water in the drainage chamber 202 is preferentially transported into the evaporator 4 (the equipment and control system for pumping water are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here) until the water in the drainage chamber 202 is completely drained, and then the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the water storage chamber 203 is controlled to be reopened and the solenoid valve 13 on the water guide pipe 12 communicating with the drainage chamber 202 is closed.

[0032] What is stored in the steam chamber 201 is the water vapor that has undergone steam-water separation by the steam-water separation device 11, and the amount of water in it is less compared to the drainage chamber 202. The same as the internal drainage method of the drainage chamber 202, after a long time, if the water level height in the steam chamber 201 reaches the position set by the water level sensor 14, the interior of the steam chamber 201 is preferentially drained. The independent settings of the drainage chamber 202 and the water storage chamber 203 relative to the steam chamber 201 and the quantitative preferential drainage avoid the problem that water droplets may be re-entrained by high-speed steam compared with the existing design method where the steam-water separator is arranged in the steam drum and the water and water vapor communicate up and down.

[0033] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to practice or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A converter steam waste heat utilization device, comprising a heat exchange box (1) and a steam drum (2) arranged on the top of the heat exchange box (1), wherein a superheater (3), an evaporator (4) and an economizer (5) are arranged in sequence inside the heat exchange box (1) from a smoke inlet to a smoke outlet, and characterized in that: The steam drum (2) is provided with three independent chambers in sequence, namely a steam chamber (201), a drainage chamber (202) and a water storage chamber (203), and a steam-water separation device (11) is arranged transversely in the water storage chamber (203); The steam generated by heating the evaporator (4) is separated into steam and water by a steam-water separation device (11), and the separated water flows into a drainage chamber (202), and the separated steam flows into a steam chamber (201). The steam chamber (201), the drainage chamber (202) and the water storage chamber (203) are respectively connected to the water inlet of the evaporator (4) and are independently supplied with water.

2. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first partition (7) and a second partition (8) are fixedly mounted on one side of the interior of the steam drum (2), and the first partition (7) is located on the outside of the second partition (8); the steam chamber (201) is arranged on a side of the first partition (7) away from the second partition (8); the drainage chamber (202) is arranged between the first partition (7) and the second partition (8); and the water storage chamber (203) is arranged on a side of the second partition (8) away from the first partition (7).

3. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two third partitions (9) are fixedly installed on the other side of the steam drum (2), and lower through grooves (901) are respectively provided at the bottom of the two third partitions (9). An isolation plate (10) located above the lower through grooves (901) is fixedly installed between the two third partitions (9). The chamber between the two third partitions (9) is set as a steam inlet chamber (204), and the chamber outside the third partition (9) is set as a steam-water inlet chamber (205). The steam-water inlet chamber (205) is connected to the water storage chamber (203) through the lower through grooves (901), and the output pipe mouth of the evaporator (4) extends into the steam-water inlet chamber (205). An upper through groove (902) connecting the steam inlet chamber (204) and the steam-water inlet chamber (205) is provided on the top of one of the third partitions (9).

4. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the lower through groove (901) does not exceed one third of the diameter of the third partition (9); the steam-water separation device (11) is arranged between the second partition (8) and the third partition (9); the number of the steam-water separation devices (11) is not less than two; and the steam-water separation device (11) is arranged above the isolation plate (10).

5. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steam-water separation device (11) comprises an outer sleeve (111) fixedly mounted between a second partition plate (8) and a third partition plate (9); an inner sleeve (112) is provided in the middle of the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (111); and two ends of the inner sleeve (112) are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the third partition plate (9) and the first partition plate (7); the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (111) is communicated with the inner cavity of a drainage chamber (202); the inner cavity of the inner sleeve (112) is communicated with the inner cavity of a steam chamber (201); a spiral blade (114) is fixedly mounted inside the inner sleeve (112); an intermediate shaft (113) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the spiral blade (114); and a plurality of drainage holes (115) are provided at the bottom of the inner sleeve (112); and the plurality of drainage holes (115) are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner sleeve (112).

6. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the steam chamber (201), the drainage chamber (202) and the water storage chamber (203) are all connected to water pipes (12), and the three water pipes (12) are all provided with solenoid valves (13). The bottom ends of the three water pipes (12) respectively extend into the interior of the heat exchange box (1) and are connected to a water inlet pipe (6). The water inlet pipe (6) is arranged inside the heat exchange box (1), and one end of the water inlet pipe (6) is connected to the water inlet port of the evaporator (4).

7. The converter steam waste heat utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water level sensor (14) is provided inside each of the steam chamber (201) and the drainage chamber (202). The water level sensor (14) is located below the steam-water separation device (11), and the water level sensor (14) is close to the steam-water separation device (11) at the bottom of the heat exchange box (1).

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