Silty-fine sand stratum bank slope protection device and method and application of silty-fine sand stratum bank slope protection device

Abstract

A silty-fine sand stratum bank slope protection device is characterized in that the silty-fine sand stratum bank slope protection device comprises a plurality of protection modules, and each protection module comprises a wave absorbing grating unit and an ecological antifouling screen; each wave absorbing grid unit comprises a grid hole, an energy dissipation sheet and a wave absorbing pipe; the ecological antifouling screen comprises two geogrids and bagasse located between the two geogrids, dense fibers of the bagasse are used for forming a barrier, suspended particles in an inner water area are blocked, and meanwhile, the adsorption characteristic of the bagasse can be used for adsorbing part of the suspended particles in water; the multiple wave absorbing pipes are arranged and fixedly connected to the side, away from the shore, of the ecological anti-fouling screen, and multiple grating holes are formed in the side, away from the ecological anti-fouling screen, of each wave absorbing pipe so that waves can enter the wave absorbing pipes to be dissipated. A plurality of energy dissipation pieces are arranged on the inner side of each wave absorbing pipe, the energy dissipation pieces are located on the inner side of the wave absorbing pipe and connected with the wave absorbing pipe, and after waves enter the wave absorbing pipe, energy of the waves is divided by the energy dissipation pieces. The length of the protection module can be flexibly adjusted, and the protection module can be suitable for construction excavation faces with different lengths and is high in adaptability; and the arrangement is simple, applicable and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of revetment engineering, in particular to a method for protecting the bank slope during the construction of underwater formwork concrete in fine silt sand strata. Background Art

[0002] According to the national transportation development plan, in the next decade, the construction of canals will be vigorously developed, and the canals will be built into important channels for water transportation, complementing other transportation modes such as highways, railways, and aviation, and jointly constituting the backbone of the comprehensive transportation system. Therefore, a large number of canal projects will be constructed in the future. The Guangxi Pinglu Canal under construction, and the Hunan Xianggui Canal, Jiangxi Zhejiang-Jiangxi-Guangdong Canal, Hubei Jinghan Canal, Anhui Jianghuai Canal, and 47 inland waterway projects in Henan that are being promoted in design and planning. The total investment in canal projects in six provinces is nearly 850 billion yuan, with an unprecedented scale and wide influence. Canal projects form artificial channels through excavation. After excavation, in order to form a firm bank slope, slope protection is required. Formwork concrete is widely used in revetment engineering due to its advantages such as fast construction speed and underwater construction. However, during the construction of the bank slope, due to the influence of the ship wave generated by the construction ship, the bank slope is often impacted before slope protection, which easily leads to the damage of the initial slope surface of the bank slope, especially in fine silt sand strata.

[0003] At present, there is no suitable method to eliminate this influence, and only by shortening the excavation surface, shortening the slope protection construction time and other forms can this influence be reduced, resulting in difficult control of the construction quality of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for protecting the bank slope during the construction of underwater formwork concrete in fine silt sand strata. A protection module is set near the bank slope to divide the water area into inner and outer water areas. When the ship wave in the outer water area passes through the protection module, most of the waves are eliminated by the wave dissipation grille unit and further blocked by the ecological anti-pollution screen, so that the ship wave is greatly reduced, ensuring the safety of the fine silt sand strata slope. At the same time, by setting the ecological anti-pollution screen, the suspension particles in the inner water area are blocked from overflowing into the natural river, protecting the ecological environment of the river. The present invention has the advantages of strong practicability, low cost, durability, and environmental protection, and is particularly suitable for the bank slope protection of fine silt sand strata during the construction of underwater formwork concrete.

[0005] The present invention provides a bank slope protection device for fine silt sand strata. The bank slope protection device for fine silt sand strata includes a plurality of protection modules, and each protection module includes a wave dissipation grille unit and an ecological anti-pollution screen;

[0006] The wave dissipation grille unit includes grille holes, energy dissipation sheets, and wave dissipation pipes;

[0007] The ecological anti-pollution screen includes two geogrids and bagasse located between the two geogrids. The dense fibers of the bagasse form a barrier, preventing the suspension particles in the inner water area from passing through. At the same time, the adsorption characteristics of the bagasse can be utilized to adsorb some suspension particles in the water.

[0008] A plurality of the wave-dissipating pipes are arranged and fixedly connected to the side of the ecological anti-pollution screen away from the shore. A plurality of grid holes are opened on the side of the wave-dissipating pipe away from the ecological anti-pollution screen, so that wave energy can enter the wave-dissipating pipe and be dissipated.

[0009] A plurality of energy-dissipating sheets are arranged inside each wave-dissipating pipe. The energy-dissipating sheets are located inside the wave-dissipating pipe and connected to the wave-dissipating pipe. When the wave enters the wave-dissipating pipe, the energy of the wave is divided by the energy-dissipating sheets.

[0010] Preferably, the opening form of the grid holes is strip-shaped and / or diamond-shaped, and the length of the opening cross-section is greater than or equal to half of the circumference of the wave-dissipating pipe; the arrangement mode of the energy-dissipating sheets is perpendicular to each other and / or parallel to each other; the cross-sectional shape of the wave-dissipating pipe is circular and / or square.

[0011] Preferably, the ecological anti-pollution screen is removable. When a large amount of suspension particles are adsorbed on the ecological anti-pollution screen, the ecological anti-pollution screen can be removed from the wave-dissipating grid unit and a new ecological anti-pollution screen can be replaced; the ecological anti-pollution screen adsorbed with a large amount of suspension particles can be used for crops to provide a carbon source.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the bagasse is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes floating cylinders and counterweights. The protection module is connected below the floating cylinders, and the counterweights are hung below the wave-dissipating grid unit.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for protecting a bank slope in a fine and powder sand stratum based on the above device. By using the wave-dissipating and blocking effects of the wave-dissipating grid unit and the ecological anti-pollution screen, the wave impact of the outer water area is reduced, and at the same time, the overflow of suspension particles in the inner water area is blocked. The specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Step 1, before laying the formwork bag concrete after the bank slope is excavated, the protection module is put into the construction water area. The protection modules are connected by ropes to close the construction surface, forming an inner water area and an outer water area; the quantity of the protection modules put in is determined according to the length of the actual construction area.

[0016] Step 2, lay the formwork bag concrete and pour the concrete.

[0017] Step 3, after the concrete pouring is completed, move the protection module to the next construction area.

[0018] Step 4, repeat steps 1 to 3 to complete the construction of the entire bank slope.

[0019] Preferably, the lowest part of the protection module is required to be no more than 30 cm away from the slope surface, and the relationship for determining the depth H of the protection module is H≥h w -0.3, where h w is the height from the water level plane to the slope surface, with the unit of m.

[0020] Preferably, the materials of the wave-dissipating pipes and energy-dissipating plates are lightweight aluminum or plastic plates to resist the corrosion of water bodies.

[0021] Preferably, the gravity of the counterweight is determined according to the buoyancy of the floating cylinder and the water flow velocity.

[0022] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The protection module designed in the present invention can be flexibly adjusted in length, can be applied to construction excavation surfaces of different lengths, has strong applicability; and is simple to set up and convenient to use.

[0024] 2. By arranging a large number of energy-dissipating plates in the wave-dissipating pipes, the present invention can quickly eliminate the energy of waves and greatly reduce the influence of waves on the stability of fine silt strata.

[0025] 3. The present invention uses bagasse to make an ecological anti-pollution screen, realizing the high-value comprehensive utilization of bagasse; at the same time, the ecological anti-pollution screen with more suspended particles adsorbed after use can also be used for land cultivation or directly landfilled, because bagasse can be degraded under natural conditions and provide a carbon source for vegetation growth. The present invention has the advantage of being environmentally friendly. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the bank slope protection for underwater formwork construction in fine silt sand strata.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a top view of the bank slope protection for underwater formwork construction in fine silt sand strata.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a view of the protection module.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the protection module A-A of the circular wave-dissipating grille unit.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the protection module A-A of the square wave-dissipating grille unit.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a left view of the square wave-dissipating grille unit.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the ecological anti-pollution screen.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a front view of a protection module.

[0034] Figure 9 It is the construction drawing on site.

[0035] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1 - filled soil stratum; 2 - fine and medium sand stratum; 3 - moderately weathered mudstone stratum; 4 - slope top surface; 5 - outer water area; 6 - inner water area; 7 - suspended particles; 8 - protection module; 9 - bank slope; 10 - concrete filled flexible mattress; 20 - wave dissipating grid unit; 21 - grid holes; 22 - bolts; 23 - energy dissipating plates; 24 - wave dissipating pipes; 30 - ecological anti - pollution screen; 31 - geogrid; 32 - bagasse; 33 - nylon ropes; 41 - floating barrels; 42 - steel wire ropes; 43 - counterweights. Specific embodiments

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] This embodiment is a construction project for the bank protection of a certain canal project. There is a domestic water intake at the downstream of the waterway, and the construction has high environmental protection requirements. The depth of the waterway in this project is 9m. There is a fine and medium sand stratum within the range of 2.5m - 6.5m below the ground surface. The bank protection structure is concrete filled flexible mattress, and the slope of the bank slope is 55°. The normal water level during the construction period is 1.5m below the ground surface. To prevent the bank slope from being damaged by ship - generated waves and to protect the downstream water source, the present invention is adopted for the bank slope protection in this project. To prevent the bank slope from becoming unstable and to control the length of the construction surface, the length of each construction surface is 5m. The length of each protection module is 2m, and circular wave dissipating pipes with a diameter of 30cm are installed. The wave dissipating pipes are made of aluminum alloy. Six protection modules are placed on each construction surface and are connected to each other by steel wire ropes. The floating barrels are made of inflated flexible mattresses, and the counterweight is a 100kg iron chain per meter. The ecological anti - pollution screen is composed of two geogrids, bagasse and nylon ropes. The 5cm - thick bagasse is sandwiched between two layers of geogrids and is sealed into one body by nylon ropes. The main steps for realizing the slope shaping include:

[0039] Step 1: After the bank slope is excavated and before the concrete filled flexible mattress is laid, place the protection modules in the construction water area. Connect the modules to each other with steel wire ropes to enclose the construction surface and form an inner water area and an outer water area.

[0040] Step 2: Lay the concrete filled flexible mattress and pour the concrete.

[0041] Step 3: After the concrete pouring is completed, move the protection modules to the next construction area.

[0042] Step 4: Repeat Steps 1 to 3 to complete the construction of the entire bank slope.

[0043] Through the attached drawings, the specific positions of each part and their connection relationships can be clearly seen. These diagrams provide visual support for the specific implementation of the present invention and help to understand its technical principles and practical applications.

[0044] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A bank slope protection device for fine sand formation, characterized in that: The silt and fine sand stratum slope protection device comprises a plurality of protection modules, wherein the protection modules comprise a wave-breaking grid unit and an ecological anti-fouling screen; The wave-breaking grid unit includes grid holes, energy-dissipating sheets, and wave-breaking pipes; The ecological anti-fouling screen includes two geogrids and bagasse located between the two geogrids. The dense fibers of the bagasse form a barrier to block the suspended particles in the inner waters. At the same time, the adsorption characteristics of the bagasse can also be used to adsorb some of the suspended particles in the water. A plurality of the wave-breaking pipes are arranged and fixedly connected to a side of the ecological anti-fouling screen away from the shore, and a plurality of grille holes are opened on the side of the wave-breaking pipe away from the ecological anti-fouling screen so that wave energy can enter the wave-breaking pipe and be dissipated; A plurality of energy dissipation sheets are arranged inside each wave-breaking tube. The energy dissipation sheets are located inside the wave-breaking tube and connected to the wave-breaking tube. When waves enter the wave-breaking tube, the energy of the waves is divided by the energy dissipation sheets.

2. According to the protective device according to claim 1, the grille holes are in the form of long strips and / or diamonds, and the cross-sectional length of the openings is greater than or equal to half the circumference of the wave-breaking pipe; the energy dissipation plates are arranged perpendicularly and / or parallel to each other; the cross-sectional shape of the wave-breaking pipe is circular and / or square.

3. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological anti-fouling screen is removable. When the ecological anti-fouling screen absorbs more suspended particles, the ecological anti-fouling screen can be removed from the wave-breaking grid unit and replaced with a new ecological anti-fouling screen; the ecological anti-fouling screen that absorbs more suspended particles can be used for crops to provide a carbon source.

4. The protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the bagasse is 3 cm to 5 cm.

5. The protection device according to claim 1, further comprising a buoy and a counterweight, wherein the protection module is connected below the buoy, and the counterweight is hung below the wave-breaking grid unit.

6. A method for protecting a bank slope in a fine sand stratum based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The wave-breaking and blocking functions of the wave-breaking grid unit and the ecological anti-fouling screen are used to reduce the wave impact in the outer waters and block the overflow of suspended particles in the inner waters. The specific steps include: Step 1: After the bank slope is excavated and before the bag concrete is laid, protective modules are placed in the construction water area. The protective modules are connected with ropes to close the construction surface to form inner and outer water areas. The number of protective modules placed is determined according to the actual length of the construction area. Step 2, laying the mold bag concrete and pouring the concrete; Step 3: After pouring concrete, move the protection module to the next construction area; Step 4, repeat steps 1 to 3 to complete the construction of the entire slope.

7. The protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lowest part of the protection module is required to be no more than 30 cm away from the slope surface, and the depth H of the protection module is determined by H≥h w -0.3, where h w It is the height from the water level plane to the slope surface, in meters.

8. The protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wave-absorbing pipe and the energy-absorbing sheet are made of light aluminum or plastic plates to resist water corrosion.

9. The protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gravity of the counterweight is determined according to the buoyancy of the float and the water flow velocity.

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