A telescopic breakwater

Abstract

The application discloses a telescopic flow guide pier, which comprises a water pressure driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a flow guide piece and a reset mechanism. The water pressure driving mechanism generates rotary displacement under the action of water pressure difference. The displacement is converted into linear displacement of the flow guide piece through the transmission mechanism. The reset mechanism provides a restoring force opposite to the extension direction of the flow guide piece. The whole flow guide pier is integrated in the inner cavity of the tail part of the gate pier. The pressure generated by the water level difference on both sides drives the transmission mechanism to realize automatic telescopic adjustment of the flow guide piece. When the water level difference increases, the transmission mechanism drives the flow guide piece to extend out of the gate pier. When the water level difference decreases, the reset mechanism makes the flow guide piece retract into the gate pier. The telescopic flow guide pier overcomes the defect that the fixed flow guide structure is difficult to adapt to different working conditions, and enables the device to automatically adjust the working condition according to the actual situation, thereby improving the water flow control effect and operation efficiency of the aqueduct outlet. The telescopic flow guide pier completely relies on mechanical structure to realize self-adaptive adjustment, does not need external power or manual intervention, and has the characteristics of compact structure, sensitive response, high reliability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a guide pier, in particular to a telescopic guide pier. Background Art

[0002] As an important water-transporting structure in water conservancy projects, aqueducts play a key role in agricultural irrigation, inter-basin water transfer, urban water supply, and hydropower generation. However, problems such as turbulent water flow or water level fluctuations often occur at the outlet of the aqueduct, which not only reduces the water transmission efficiency and causes unnecessary energy loss, but may also cause scouring, siltation, and even structural damage to the downstream channels. In severe cases, it can lead to water supply interruption or project damage. In the existing technology, fixed diversion piers or energy dissipation basins are mostly used. Although they can improve the flow state to a certain extent, due to their fixed structure, they cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual flow and water level changes. Under low flow conditions, fixed diversion structures may cause excessive obstruction or ineffective diversion; and at high flow rates, insufficient energy dissipation may occur, making it difficult to take into account the operating requirements under different conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a telescopic guide pier that can be dynamically adjusted according to actual working conditions and adapt to different flow and water level conditions.

[0004] Technical solution: The telescopic guide pier described in the present invention is integrated as a whole into the inner cavity of the tail end of the aqueduct outlet pier; it includes a hydraulic drive mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a guide member and a reset mechanism that rotate around the axis according to the water pressure difference on both sides of the pier; the hydraulic drive mechanism generates a rotational displacement under the action of the water pressure difference on both sides, and the rotational displacement is converted into a linear displacement of the guide member through the transmission mechanism. The reset mechanism is fixedly connected to the guide member and provides a restoring force in the opposite direction of its extension.

[0005] Preferably, the hydraulic drive mechanism is disposed within a first chamber, with water inlets on either side of the first chamber providing communication with the water flow on either side of the pier. The hydraulic drive mechanism's rotational axis is eccentric. The water-facing surface of the hydraulic drive mechanism communicates with the water passages on either side of the pier through the first chamber. When the water level difference between the two sides exceeds a set threshold, the hydraulic drive mechanism deflects about its axis under the pressure differential, with the deflection direction causing the water flow cross-section on the low-pressure side to decrease, forming a pressurized zone.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a push plate for receiving water pressure thrust, a slide rail, a power assist structure and a connecting rod, and the slide rail is arranged longitudinally along the inside of the gate pier; the push plate is subjected to the pressure of the water pressurized by the first chamber, driving the connecting rod to convert the angular displacement of the water pressure drive mechanism into linear motion along the slide rail.

[0007] Preferably, the head of the flow guide is a streamlined structure, and the tail is fixedly connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the reset mechanism is a pre-tightened coil spring, the stiffness coefficient of which is designed according to the maximum water level difference, one end of which is fixed in the inner cavity at the tail of the pier, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide member, and its extension direction is parallel to the movement direction of the guide member.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the flow guide is provided with a drag reducing coating.

[0010] Preferably, a damping structure is provided at the rotating shaft of the hydraulic drive mechanism to suppress mechanism oscillation.

[0011] Preferably, a filter screen is provided at the water inlet of the first chamber for preventing debris from entering the chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the slide rail is provided with a self-lubricating coating, and the contact surface between the connecting rod and the slide rail is a friction-reducing material layer.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a mechanical locking mechanism linked to the guide member, and when it is detected that the water level difference exceeds a preset threshold, the locking mechanism can fix the extended position of the guide member.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following significant advantages: the telescopic guide pier is integrated into the inner cavity at the tail of the gate pier, and the pressure generated by the water level difference on both sides is used to drive the transmission mechanism, thereby realizing automatic telescopic adjustment of the guide member. When the water level difference increases, the transmission mechanism drives the guide member to extend out of the gate pier, effectively improving the flow state of the water; when the water level difference decreases, the reset mechanism automatically retracts the guide member into the inner cavity of the gate pier to avoid ineffective diversion. This dynamic adjustment mechanism overcomes the defect that the traditional fixed guide structure is difficult to adapt to different working conditions, and enables the device to automatically adjust the working state according to the actual flow and water level conditions, significantly improving the water flow control effect and operating efficiency of the aqueduct outlet. The device relies entirely on mechanical structure to achieve adaptive adjustment, without the need for external power or manual intervention, and has the characteristics of compact structure, sensitive response, and high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic guide pier of the present invention in the extended state.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the retracted state of the telescopic guide pier of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power-assisting principle of the power-assisting structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the power-assisting principle of the power-assisting structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment shows a telescopic diversion pier. Compared to self-contained fixed diversion piers or stilling basins, this device is fully integrated into the tail end of the aqueduct outlet pier. Its structural design fully integrates the principles of fluid mechanics and mechanical transmission characteristics. The core of the device consists of a hydraulic drive mechanism 1, a transmission mechanism, a diversion member 2, and a reset mechanism 3. These components are compactly arranged to achieve dynamic adjustment. The hydraulic drive mechanism 1 is located in the first chamber 4 of the pier's interior. Both sides of this chamber are connected to the water flow outside the pier through water inlets. The rotating axis of the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 is eccentric and can rotate around the axis according to the water pressure difference on both sides of the gate pier. After the rotation, the water outlet area on both sides changes accordingly, thereby increasing the water pressure on both sides accordingly. This part of the pressurized water impacts the transmission mechanism, pushing the transmission mechanism to move in the direction of the water flow, driving the guide member 2 fixed to it to move accordingly. That is, the rotational displacement of the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 is converted into the linear displacement of the guide member 2 through the transmission mechanism. The guide member 2 extends out of the gate pier to play a diversion role and improve the water flow state at the aqueduct outlet. When the water pressure difference on both sides decreases or even when the water flow on both sides is flat and there is no pressure difference, the restoring force provided by the reset mechanism 3 in the opposite direction of the extension of the guide member 2 is greater than the thrust of the water flow, driving the guide member 2 to retract into the gate pier to avoid ineffective diversion.

[0022] The transmission mechanism includes a push plate 5 for receiving water pressure thrust, a slide rail 6, a power-assisting structure 7, and a connecting rod 8. The slide rail 6 is fixedly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inner cavity of the gate pier. The push plate 5 is fixedly connected to the guide member 2 through the connecting rod 8, and the power-assisting structure 7 is arranged between the push plate 5 and the connecting rod 8 to form a lever amplification effect. The guide member 2 is slidably arranged at the front end of the slide rail 6 and is rigidly connected to the connecting rod 8 at the rear end. Its head is designed as a streamlined structure, and the surface is coated with a drag-reducing coating to reduce water flow resistance. The reset mechanism 3 adopts a pre-tightened coil spring, one end of which is fixed to the fixed plate in the inner cavity of the gate pier, and the other end is connected to the rear end of the guide member 2. The direction of spring expansion and contraction is parallel to the direction of movement of the guide member 2.

[0023] The working principle of the device is based on the dynamic response of the water level difference on both sides of the gate pier. When the flow rate at the aqueduct outlet increases, resulting in a significant water level difference on both sides of the gate pier, the water flow on the high-pressure side enters the first chamber 4 through the water inlet, pushing the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 to rotate around the eccentric axis. Due to the eccentric setting of the rotating shaft, the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 forms an inclination angle during the rotation process, which reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow channel on the low-pressure side, further amplifying the pressure difference. This part of the pressure-amplified water flow pushes the push plate 5 along the slide rail 6 to push the guide member 2 outward from the gate pier. The surface of the slide rail 6 is coated with a self-lubricating coating, and the contact surface between the connecting rod 8 and the slide rail 6 adopts a friction-reducing material layer to ensure low resistance and high sensitivity during the transmission process. After the guide member 2 is extended, its streamlined head can effectively guide the water flow, suppress the Karman vortex street phenomenon, and improve the outlet flow state.

[0024] When the water level difference decreases or returns to normal, the pressure on the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 tends to be balanced, and under the tension of the reset spring, the push plate 5 slides in the opposite direction along the slide rail 6, driving the guide member 2 to retract into the inner cavity of the gate pier, avoiding ineffective diversion under low flow conditions. In order to enhance stability, a damping structure is provided at the rotating shaft of the hydraulic drive mechanism 1 to suppress the oscillation of the mechanism caused by water flow pulsation. In addition, a filter screen is installed at the water inlet of the first chamber 4 to prevent debris from entering the chamber and affecting the movement of the drive vane. For extreme water level difference conditions, the device is also equipped with a mechanical locking mechanism. When the guide member 2 is extended to the preset position, the locking mechanism automatically engages and fixes the guide member to prevent accidental retraction.

[0025] Through the above-described embodiments, the present invention achieves adaptive adjustment of the flow guide 2 through a purely mechanical structure, without the need for external energy or human intervention. All components of the device are integrated into the inner cavity of the gate pier, making the structure concealed and not affecting the overall appearance of the aqueduct. Its dynamic response characteristics can cover a wide range of flow rates and water levels, offering significant advantages in improving flow patterns and reducing hydraulic losses.

Claims

1. A telescopic guide pier, characterized in that: The device is integrated into the inner cavity of the tail end of the aqueduct outlet pier; it comprises a hydraulic drive mechanism (1) that rotates around an axis according to the water pressure difference on both sides of the pier, a transmission mechanism, a flow guide (2), and a reset mechanism (3); the hydraulic drive mechanism (1) generates a rotational displacement under the action of the water pressure difference on both sides, and the rotational displacement is converted into a linear displacement of the flow guide (2) through the transmission mechanism; the reset mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the flow guide (2) and provides a restoring force in the opposite direction of its extension; The hydraulic drive mechanism (1) is arranged in the first chamber (4); water inlets are provided on both sides of the first chamber (4) for communicating with water flows on both sides of the gate pier; and the rotation axis of the hydraulic drive mechanism (1) is an eccentric rotation axis; The transmission mechanism comprises a push plate (5) for receiving water pressure thrust, a slide rail (6), a power-assisting structure (7) and a connecting rod (8), wherein the slide rail (6) is longitudinally arranged inside the gate pier; The head of the flow guide (2) is a streamlined structure, and the tail is fixedly connected to the transmission mechanism; The reset mechanism (3) is a pre-tightened coil spring, one end of which is fixed in the inner cavity of the tail end of the gate pier, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide member (2), and its expansion and contraction direction is parallel to the movement direction of the guide member (2); The rotating shaft of the hydraulic drive mechanism (1) is provided with a damping structure for suppressing oscillation of the mechanism; It also includes a mechanical locking mechanism that is linked with the flow guide (2) and is used to fix the extended position of the flow guide.

2. The guide pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the flow guide (2) is provided with a drag-reducing coating.

3. The guide pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is provided at the water inlet of the first chamber (4) for preventing debris from entering the chamber.

4. The guide pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the slide rail (6) is provided with a self-lubricating coating, and the contact surface between the connecting rod (8) and the slide rail (6) is a friction-reducing material layer.

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