Stone mine hole mining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a stone mine cavern mining method which comprises the steps that a plurality of first drill holes are drilled through a drilling machine, rectangular grooves and mounting grooves are formed in a first working face through the first drill holes, and the part, surrounded by the rectangular grooves, of a mine forms a first ore body; a guide rod with a guide wheel of the rope saw cutting device is mounted in the mounting groove, and the back of the first ore body is cut through a saw rope; taking out the first ore body, forming an ore mining hole in the mine after taking out the first ore material, and forming a second working surface on one side wall of the ore mining hole; a plurality of second drill holes are drilled through the drilling machine, and vertical wire grooves are formed through the second drill holes; a plurality of third drill holes are drilled through the drilling machine, the third drill holes are communicated to the vertical wire groove, and the part, defined by the vertical wire groove, the uppermost third drill hole and the lower third drill hole, of the mine forms a second ore body; a saw rope of the rope saw cutting device cuts the back surface of the second ore body and divides the second ore body into a plurality of second ore materials which are arranged up and down; and taking out the second ore material. The method has the advantages that the hole mining efficiency is improved, and the monthly yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine cave mining, and in particular to a stone mine cave mining method. Background Art

[0002] Because cave mining can choose the best mining point and enter from the middle of the mountain or the foot of the mountain, compared with open-pit mining, it does not need to clean up the soil layer, weathering layer, trees and skin from top to bottom on a large scale, and has little impact on soil and water conservation and environmental protection. Therefore, stone mines at home and abroad are gradually promoting cave mining. Existing cave mining methods, such as CN112377195B in Chinese patent data, disclose a method for mining stone in a mine cave, including: step 1, drilling at least six guide holes on the working face of a mine area; step 2, cutting a top line, a bottom line and two center lines, as well as two first vertical lines and a second vertical line on the working face through the at least six guide holes; step 3, breaking and taking out the first stone core between the two first vertical lines; step 4, cutting to take out the second stone core between the two center lines, and the mineral material located between the upper center line and the top line constitutes the upper mineral material; step 5, inserting a top support member between the two center lines to support the upper mineral material; step 6, back-cutting the upper mineral material by wire cutting; step 7, inserting at least two support members between the two center lines, processing the top support member to make the upper mineral material shift and press against the support member, and the interval between two adjacent support members constitutes the fork-joining space for the fork-mounted device to be inserted; step 8, using the fork-mounted device to mine the material. The monthly output of this cave mining method is relatively low, so it has a great impact on the comprehensive promotion of green cave mining in stone mines. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a stone mine cave mining method, which overcomes the shortcomings of the mine cave mining method in the background technology.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a stone mine cave mining method, which is characterized by comprising:

[0005] Step 1, using a drilling machine to drill a plurality of first boreholes (21) along the depth direction on a first working surface (11) of a mine (1), using the first boreholes (21) to form a rectangular groove (22) on the first working surface (11) and to expand inwardly at two inner corners of the rectangular groove (22), the inner corners and the expanded inwardly formed installation grooves (23), and the portion of the mine (1) surrounded by the rectangular grooves (22) constitutes a first ore body (24);

[0006] Step 2, a guide rod (252) with a guide wheel (251) is installed in the installation groove (23), a saw rope (253) of a rope saw cutting device (25) is wound in the rectangular groove (22) and turned by the guide wheel (251), and the rope saw cutting device (25) is driven to cut the back side of the first ore body (24) by the saw rope (253);

[0007] Step 3: Take out the first ore body (24). After taking out the first ore material (24), an ore mining cavity (12) is formed in the mine (1). One side wall of the ore mining cavity (12) constitutes a second working surface (13) perpendicular to the first working surface (11).

[0008] Step 4: Use a drill to drill a plurality of second drill holes (31) in the first working surface (11) along the depth direction, and use the second drill holes (31) to form vertical wire grooves (32) parallel to the second working surface (13) on the first working surface (11); Use a drill to drill a plurality of third drill holes (33) in the second working surface (13) along the length direction. The plurality of third drill holes (33) are arranged at intervals up and down in the height direction. The third drill holes (33) lead to the vertical wire grooves (32). The part of the mine (1) surrounded by the vertical wire grooves (32) and the uppermost and lowermost third drill holes (33) constitutes the second ore body (34).

[0009] Step 5: The saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the third drill holes (33) and the vertical wire grooves (32) to cut the back surface of the second ore body (34) and a plurality of horizontal cut grooves (35) spaced up and down along the third drill holes (33). The second ore body (34) is divided into a plurality of second ore materials (341) arranged up and down through the horizontal cut grooves (35).

[0010] Step 6: Take out the second ore material (341).

[0011] In one embodiment: In this step 1, two adjacent first drill holes (21) are staggered or in contact to form a rectangular groove (22) through the first drill holes (21). At least one first drill hole (21) is drilled at the two inner corners of the lower bottom of the rectangular groove (22) for inner expansion.

[0012] In one embodiment: In this step 1, two adjacent first drill holes (21) are arranged at intervals. Another angle grinder is used to expand the unbroken or less broken part so that every two adjacent first drill holes (21) are connected to form a rectangular groove (22). At least one first drill hole (21) is drilled at the two inner corners of the lower bottom of the rectangular groove (22) for inner expansion.

[0013] In one embodiment: In this step 3, a drill is used to drill fourth drill holes (26) in the first working surface (11) along a plurality of depth directions. After the first ore material (24) is divided into a plurality of first ore materials (241) through the fourth drill holes (26), they are taken out.

[0014] In one embodiment: In this step 4, two adjacent second drill holes (31) are staggered or in contact to directly form the vertical wire grooves (32) through the second drill holes (31).

[0015] In one embodiment: In this step 4, two adjacent second drill holes (31) are arranged at intervals. Another angle grinder is used to expand the unbroken or less broken part so that every two adjacent second drill holes (31) are connected to form the vertical wire grooves (32).

[0016] In one embodiment: Step 6 includes:

[0017] Step 611, insert a wedge block (36) under the second ore material (341) at the topmost to form a gap (361) under the second ore material (36);

[0018] Step 612, the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the gap (361) to cut the second ore material (341) located above the gap (361) in the length direction, and then the cut ore material is taken out;

[0019] Step 613, the second ore material (341) from top to bottom is taken out completely according to the above steps 611 and 612 until all the second ore materials (341) are taken out.

[0020] In one embodiment: Step 6 includes:

[0021] Step 621, insert a wedge block (36) under the second ore material (341) at the topmost to form a gap (361) under the second ore material (36);

[0022] Step 622, the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the gap (361) to cut the second ore material (341) located above the gap (361) in the length direction, and then the cut ore material is taken out;

[0023] Step 623, use a drill to drill a fifth drill hole (363) along the length direction at the bottom of the second ore material (341) at the bottommost of the first working surface (11), the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device passes through the fifth drill hole (363) and winds around the remaining second ore material (341) to cut the remaining second ore material (341) along the direction parallel to the second working surface (13), and then the cut ore material is taken out.

[0024] Compared with the background technology, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0025] Use a drill to drill a first drill hole in the mine, utilize the first drill hole to form a rectangular groove and an installation groove, install the components of the wire saw cutting device in the installation groove, cut the back of the first ore material, take out the first ore material, the processing is fast and convenient, taking out the ore material is fast and convenient, and the underground mining is fast and convenient; then, the mined-out cavity after taking out the first ore material has two working surfaces, use a drill to drill a second drill hole in the first working surface to form a vertical wire groove, use a drill to drill multiple third drill holes in the second working surface, the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device winds around the third drill holes and the vertical wire groove to cut the back of the second ore body and divide the second ore body into multiple second ore materials, take out the second ore materials, the processing is fast and convenient, taking out the ore material is fast and convenient, and the underground mining is fast and convenient; thus, the underground mining efficiency can be improved and the monthly output can be increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of processing a rectangular groove in step 1 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of processing an installation groove in step 1 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of installing a guide rod and a guide wheel in step 2 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rod and the guide wheel of the specific embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the wire saw cutting device cutting in step 2 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of decomposing the first ore body in step 3 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of processing a vertical wire groove and a third drill hole in step 4 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of processing a horizontal cutting groove in step 5 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of inserting a wedge block in step 611 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of decomposing the second ore material in step 612 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0037] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of taking out the second ore material in step 612 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0038] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of drilling a fifth drill hole in step 613 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment.

[0039] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of decomposing the remaining second ore material in step 62 of the underground mining method of the specific embodiment. Specific embodiment

[0040] The underground mining method for a stone mine includes:

[0041] A mining point with good original rock structure and high yield rate in the mining area is selected as a cave mining point. For example, the rock mass is sorted out to a roughly level cave mining position with a height of more than 7 meters and a length of more than 18 meters for construction. The first working face 11 is sorted out at the mining point. The first working face 11 can be more than 4.2 meters in height and more than 18 meters in length.

[0042] Step 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a plurality of first boreholes 21 along the depth direction are drilled on the left side (or on the right side as needed) of the first working surface 11 of the mine 1 by a drilling machine, a rectangular groove 22 is formed on the first working surface 11 by using the first boreholes 21, and an inward expansion is set at two inner corners of the rectangular groove 22, the inner corners and the inward expansion form a mounting groove 23, and the part of the mine 1 surrounded by the rectangular groove 22 forms a first ore body 24;

[0043] The rectangular groove 22 has a height of 4.2 meters, a length of 6 meters, and a depth of 1.5-2 meters. A drilling rig such as a four-head or six-head crawler intelligent water-grinding drilling rig or hydraulic drilling rig produced by Chongqing Zuanshen can simultaneously drill 4-6 holes within 15-20 minutes when four or six heads are started at the same time, and the drill core is taken out after drilling. In step 1, two adjacent first bore holes 21 are staggered or contacted to form a rectangular groove 22 through the first bore holes 21, and then two transversely arranged first bore holes 21 are drilled at the two inner corners of the bottom of the rectangular groove 22 to expand the inside. During the construction process, the two first bore holes 21 are staggered or contacted to form a rectangular groove 22 through the first bore holes 21. If there is no break or a small break due to construction errors or other reasons (such as eccentric drilling), the two adjacent first bore holes can also be enlarged by a handle angle grinder after taking out the drill core, thereby forming the above-mentioned rectangular groove.

[0044] Step 2, please refer to Figures 3 - 5 A guide rod 252 with three guide wheels 251 is installed in the installation groove 23, and the saw rope 253 of the rope saw cutting device 25 is wound in the rectangular groove 22 and turned by the guide wheel 251, and the rope saw cutting device 25 is driven to cut the back side of the first ore body 24 by the saw rope 253; wherein the guide wheel installed at the inner end of the guide rod 252 is a cutting wheel, the inner guide wheel is a reversing plane wheel, and the guide wheel at the outer end is an external guide wheel, the reversing plane wheel and the external guide wheel are axially parallel and perpendicular to the guide rod direction, and the cutting wheel is axially along the guide rod direction, the saw rope is led to the reversing plane wheel through the external guide wheel, and then to the cutting wheel through the reversing plane wheel, so that the saw rope 253 is wound at the bottom of the rectangular groove 22 to cut the back side of the first ore body 24. A support block 254 is provided inside the guide rod 252. The support block 254 is supported in the installation groove so that the guide rod can be firmly installed in the installation groove through the support block 254. A positioning plate 255 is provided outside the guide rod. The positioning plate 255 can be abutted against the first working surface so that the guide rod can be firmly installed in the installation groove.

[0045] Step 3, please refer toFigure 7 , take out the first ore body 24. After taking out the first ore material 24, an ore mining hole 12 is formed in the mine 1. The right side wall of the ore mining hole 12 constitutes a second working face 13 perpendicular to the first working face 11; please refer to Figure 6 , take out the first ore body 24. As in step 3, use a drill to drill a fourth drill hole 26 along multiple depth directions on the first working face 11. After decomposing the first ore material 24 into multiple first ore materials 241 through the fourth drill hole 26, use a forklift to take them out and transport them to the storage yard.

[0046] Step 4, please refer to Figure 7 , use a drill to drill multiple second drill holes 31 along the depth direction on the first working face 11 (at a distance of 10 - 12 meters from the second working face), and use the second drill holes 31 to form vertical wire grooves 32 parallel to the second working face 13 on the first working face 11; use a drill to drill multiple third drill holes 33 along the length direction on the second working face 13. The multiple third drill holes 33 are arranged at intervals up and down in the height direction. The third drill holes 33 lead to the vertical wire grooves 32. The part of the mine 1 surrounded by the vertical wire grooves 32 and the uppermost and lowermost third drill holes 33 constitutes the second ore body 34; the depth of the second drill hole is 1.5 - 2 meters, and the height of the vertical wire groove 32 is 4.2 meters; the vertical arrangement of the third drill holes and the first working face are spaced 1.5 - 2 meters apart, the number of third drill holes is 4, and the hole depth (corresponding to the length direction) is 10 - 12 meters. The processing of the vertical wire groove 32 can refer to the rectangular groove processing in step 1.

[0047] Step 5, please refer to Figure 8 , the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the third drill hole 33 and the vertical wire groove 32 to cut the back of the second ore body 34 and multiple horizontal cut grooves 35 spaced up and down along the third drill hole 33. Through the horizontal cut grooves 35, the second ore body 34 is divided into multiple second ore materials 341 arranged up and down, such as four second ore materials 341;

[0048] Step 6, take out the second ore material 341, including: Step 611, please refer to Figure 9 , insert a wedge block 36 under the uppermost second ore material 341 to form a gap 361 under the second ore material 36; Step 612, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the gap 361 to cut the second ore material 341 located above the gap 361 in the length direction. The cutting line is 362, and then take out the cut ore material 342; Step 613, for the second ore materials 341 from top to bottom, according to the above steps 611 and 612 until all the second ore materials 341 are taken out. This extraction is convenient and fast, further improving the monthly output. Among them, step 613 can also be carried out in the following way: please refer to Figure 12 , use a drill to drill a fifth drill hole 363 along the length direction at the bottom position of the lowermost second ore material 341 on the first working face 11, please refer to Figure 13, the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device passes through the fifth drill hole 363 and is wound around the remaining second ore material 341 to cut the remaining second ore material 341 along the direction parallel to the second working surface 13. The cutting line is as shown in 364. Then, the cut ore material is taken out. If necessary, such as when the length is long, the fifth drill hole can be drilled multiple times and the cutting can be carried out multiple times.

[0049] Then, the stone materials on the right side are taken out step by step in the depth direction according to steps 4-6.

[0050] As mentioned above, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. That is, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present invention patent and the content of the specification should still fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. The stone mine cave mining method is characterized by: include: Step 1, using a drilling machine to drill a plurality of first boreholes (21) along the depth direction on a first working surface (11) of a mine (1), using the first boreholes (21) to form a rectangular groove (22) on the first working surface (11) and to expand inwardly at two inner corners of the rectangular groove (22), the inner corners and the expanded inwardly formed installation grooves (23), and the portion of the mine (1) surrounded by the rectangular grooves (22) constitutes a first ore body (24); Step 2, a guide rod (252) with a guide wheel (251) is installed in the installation groove (23), a saw rope (253) of a rope saw cutting device (25) is wound in the rectangular groove (22) and turned by the guide wheel (251), and the rope saw cutting device (25) is driven to cut the back side of the first ore body (24) by the saw rope (253); Step 3, taking out the first ore body (24), after taking out the first ore material (24), a mining cave (12) is formed in the mine (1), and a side wall of the mining cave (12) forms a second working surface (13) perpendicular to the first working surface (11); Step 4, using a drilling machine to drill a plurality of second boreholes (31) along the depth direction on the first working surface (11), and using the second boreholes (31) to form a vertical groove (32) parallel to the second working surface (13) on the first working surface (11); using a drilling machine to drill a plurality of third boreholes (33) along the length direction on the second working surface (13), the plurality of third boreholes (33) are arranged vertically and spaced apart in the height direction, the third boreholes (33) are connected to the vertical groove (32), and the portion of the mine (1) surrounded by the vertical groove (32) and the uppermost and lowermost third boreholes (33) constitutes a second ore body (34); Step 5, the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the third borehole (33) and the vertical groove (32) to cut the back of the second ore body (34) and a plurality of horizontal grooves (35) spaced apart vertically along the third borehole (33), and the second ore body (34) is divided into a plurality of second ore materials (341) arranged vertically through the horizontal grooves (35); Step 6, taking out the second mineral material (341).

2. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, two adjacent first drilled holes (21) are staggered or contacted to form a rectangular groove (22) through the first drilled holes (21), and at least one first drilled hole (21) is drilled at two inner corners of the lower bottom of the rectangular groove (22) to expand inward.

3. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, two adjacent first drill holes (21) are arranged at intervals, and an angle grinder is used to enlarge the unbroken or smaller broken parts so that each two adjacent first drill holes (21) are connected to form a rectangular groove (22), and at least one first drill hole (21) is drilled at two inner corners of the bottom of the rectangular groove (22) to expand the inside.

4. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, a drill is used to drill fourth boreholes (26) along multiple depth directions on the first working surface (11), and the first mineral material (24) is divided into multiple first mineral materials (241) through the fourth boreholes (26) and then taken out.

5. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, two adjacent second bore holes (31) are staggered or contacted to form a vertical groove (32) directly through the second bore holes (31).

6. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, two adjacent second bore holes (31) are arranged at intervals, and an angle grinder is used to enlarge the unbroken or smaller broken parts so that each two adjacent second bore holes (31) are connected to form a vertical groove (32).

7. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: This step 6 includes: Step 611, inserting a wedge (36) under the uppermost second mineral material (341) to form a gap (361) under the second mineral material (36); Step 612, the saw wire of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the gap (361) to cut the second mineral material (341) located on the gap (361) in the length direction, and then the cut mineral material is taken out; Step 613, the second mineral material (341) is removed from top to bottom according to the above steps 611 and 612 until all the second mineral material (341) is removed.

8. The stone mine cave mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: This step 6 includes: Step 621, inserting a wedge (36) under the uppermost second mineral material (341) to form a gap (361) under the second mineral material (36); Step 622, the saw wire of the wire saw cutting device is wound around the gap (361) to cut the second mineral material (341) located on the gap (361) in the length direction, and then the cut mineral material is taken out; Step 623, a fifth bore hole (363) is drilled along the length direction at the bottom of the second mineral material (341) at the bottom of the first working surface (11) by using a drilling machine, and the saw rope of the wire saw cutting device passes through the fifth bore hole (363) and is wrapped around the remaining second mineral material (341) to cut the remaining second mineral material (341) in a direction parallel to the second working surface (13), and then the cut mineral material is taken out.

Images